Character Components Research Articles

Investigation of Triangle Terthiophene and Hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole Configured Fluorescent Dye with a Triple Bond Bridge.

A photochromic dye was constructed by incorporation of a carbon-carbon triple bond spaced triangle terthiophene skeleton and hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole. Regular photochromic behavior was investigated with alternated UV (254nm) and visible light (≥ 400nm) irradiation. The color of dye in solution can be cycled between pink and colorless. Additionally, the dye solution strongly fluoresces in THF with the absolute quantum yield (QY) being 0.56. When irradiation with 254nm light, the emissive solution can be effectively quenched to photo-stationary sate (Φ = 0.05). An emission "on-off" cycle could be established based on the UV/visible light irradiation cycle. The photochromic dye also exhibits good photo- and thermal-stability at room temperature. The emission decay profile indicates typical single component character with the fluorescence lifetime being 6.68ns. The emission color was determined by the CIE 1931 coordinates of x = 0.14, y = 0.25 in the blue region.

Multi-location evaluation of yield component character and proximate analysis of cowpea grown in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Abstract. Wahyudi A, Syukur M. 2021. Multi-location evaluation of yield component character and proximate analysis of cowpea grown in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4246-4253. Cowpea has the potential to be developed in eastern Indonesia, especially Sulawesi, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, and Maluku with an altitude of less than 1000 m above sea level. Cowpea is also able to adapt to acid soils, making it possible to be developed in the dry acid soils of Sumatra and Kalimantan. To identify genotypes of high-yielding cowpea suitable for lowland areas, it is necessary to evaluate the multi-location of superior cowpea genotypes in different agroecology in the region. Multi-site evaluation trials of plant cultivars are of great importance given the obvious inconsistencies in genotype performance across different environments. This study used materials consisting of 4 varieties produced by the IPB University (Albina, Tampi, Uno, Arghavan) and 3 varieties from Balitkabi (KT-1, KT-7, and KT-9). This research is part of the preparation for the release of cowpea new varieties. The statistical analysis of the new varieties (Albina, Tampi, Uno, and Arghavan) compared with control (KT-1, KT-7, and KT-9) showed significant differences in seed productivity, carbohydrate content in old seeds, flowering, harvesting age in young pods and dry seeds. This result indicated that Albina, Tampi, Uno, and Arghavan varieties were potential for the release of new cowpea varieties, especially in the lowland areas.

Correlation studies for seed yield and yield attributes in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill

An investigation entitled as “Correlation for yield and yield contributing traits in soybean [Glycine max (L).Merrill.] was conducted during Kharif 2018 at Instructional Farm, Department of Agriculture Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and seven treatments viz., T1-untreated seeds,T2-Polymer coating, T3-T2+Vitavax, T4-T3+GA3 100ppm, T5-T3+CCC 100ppm, T6-T3+, NAA 50ppm, T7- T3+IAA 50ppm. Seed yield is a complex character and is dependent on number of component characters. Therefore, study of relationship of characters with each other and with seed yield become more important in crop improvement programme. Therefore, it is essential to find out relative contribution of each of the component character with yield. In present study yield and yield contributing character of seed yield was positive and significant correlated with field plant height, number of branches per plant, chlorophyll content, leaf area, germination per cent, moisture per cent, total dry weight, 100 seed weight, oil content, protein content, harvest index and no. of seeds per pod. The results also obtained from this study days to 50 per cent flowering and days to harvest are negative significant to other yield and yield parameter.

State polisy in the field of education of Ukraine: essence and content

Taking into account works of modern science of administrative law in this article the basic forms of public policy are illuminated in industries of education, their essence and maintenance. The different going come true near determinations "education", "pulic educational politics" in the context of further reformation of the system of formation of Ukraine on the whole. Directions and suggestions are certain in relation to the improvement of quality in industry of national education. Convinced, that today Ukraine stands on a threshold to introduction of own politics and strategy of development, that is substantially certain with world tendencies and distinguishes education as higher sphere of vital functions. Consider that legal politics in industry of education one of main directions of public policy, that combines an aim, task, principles, expected results, mechanisms and must: to react on changes that take place in society and state; to have component character and settle any problem in intercommunication with other problems; to be effective and have authority among a population. Deem it wise to offer suggestions in relation to the improvement of quality of education in the context of public politic in industry of education. Firstly, to conduct reformation in education: to renew a normative base in accordance with the requirements of time; to work on creation and realization of educational models, new educational establishments for the receipt of quality education (informatization; modern material and technical base). Secondly, to modernize the structure of higher education and structurally to provide economic and social guarantees for professional self-realization of pedagogical and scientifically-pedagogical workers. Thirdly, it is necessary to change going near a management educational industry with the aim of transformation of the system of preparation of specialists in accordance with modern requirements, providing of social integration and development of personality.

The effect of mixed cultivars plantings on pest abundance and grain yields in rice

A field study was carried out to assess the effects of mixed cultivar plantings on grain yields and on the abundance of pests in rice. Increasing plantation species diversity through cultivar mixtures is often claimed to decrease pest problems while stabilizing or even increasing yield, but the effects on pest abundance of planting rice cultivar mixtures in Indonesia have not been extensively studied. We tested for changes in pest abundance in experimental plots planted with five genetically distinct rice cultivars, combined in two different mixture arrangements (seed mix and row mix). These mixes were cultivated in lowland paddy areas, in replicated randomized block designs, during two growing seasons. Pest abundance was measured weekly in all plots, and rice yields were measured at harvest time. The results showed that the average abundance of pests was reduced in plots planted with cultivar mixes, compared to those planted with monocrops comprised of each of the component cultivars. Plots planted with the seed mix showed consistently reduced brown plant-hopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)) abundance compared to monocrops in each growing season, with a relative reduction in pest abundance of 29.83% at the end of season 1 and 6.61% at the end of season 2, respectively. Plots planted with the row mix consistently showed decreased stem borer abundance compared to monocrops in each growing season, with a relative reduction in pest abundance of 100% at the end of season 1 and 1.4% at the end of season 2, respectively. In terms of yield, plant height proved to be a consistent yield component character, correlating positively with plant yield for both seed mix and row mix in both growing seasons. Our results showed higher average yields –and plant heights--for the mixed genotype plots compared to pure genotype stands in 2013. We found a greater relative increase in the yield of seed mix plots than row mix, measuring 7.26% and 4.63%, respectively in 2013. Among the two types of mixtures, seed mix showed higher overall grain yield. Our findings suggest that rice farmers can both increase yield and decrease pest abundance by planting cultivar mixes.

Myanmar WarningBoard Recognition System

In any country, warning text is described on the signboards or wallpapers to follow by everybody. This paper present Myanmar character recognition from various warning text signboards using block based pixel count and eight-directions chain code. Character recognition is the process of converting a printed or typewritten or handwritten text image file into editable and searchable text file. In this system, the characters on the warning signboard images are recognized using the hybrid eight direction chain code features and 16-blocks based pixel count features. Basically, there are three steps of character recognition such as character segmentation, feature extraction and classification. In segmentation step, horizontal cropping method is used for line segmentation, vertically cropping method and bounding box is used for connected component character segmentation. In the classification step, the performance accuracy is measured by two ways such as KNN (K’s Nearest Neivour) classifier and feature based approach of template matching on 150 warning text signboard images.

Growth, yield and vase life of rose as influenced by different cultivars under protected condition of Eastern Himalayas

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the performance of four exotic rose cultivars (Sphinix Gold, Upper Class, Bordeaux andAvalanche) under protected condition in sub-tropical hills of Nagaland. High coefficient of variation both at genotypic and phenotypic level couple with high heritability and genetic advance for thorn density per inch. The genotypic correlation coefficient studies reveal that plant height at first flower flush was positively and significantly correlated with plant spread EW/NS direction, thorn density per inch and diameter of flower bud.Significant positive association of total number of petals per flower was revealed with plant spread EW/NS direction. Length of the sprouted bud was similarly a significant positive correlation with diameter of flower bud and thorn density per inch, length of the sprouted bud and days taken to bud sprouting. Phenotypic correlations of plant height at first flower flush with number of branches per plant, thorn density per inch. Similarly a significant positive correlation was observed between diameter of flower and length of the sprouted bud. Significant positive correlation also existed between number of flower per plant and number of petal per flower. Since there is a highly positive association among this component character, the selection of this particular character for improvement of any cultivars shall automatically influence other character in desirable direction. Among the cultivars studied the Sphinix Gold,Upper Class and Bordeaux are suitable for commercial cultivation under Nagaland condition.

Study of variability and heritability in coriander (CoriandrumsativumL.) genotypes under normal and limited moisture stress condition

Drought is very common adverse environmental factor limiting crop production in most of the tropical and subtropical regions of India, thus limiting up productivity. Limited moisture stress is the major constraint in productivity. To generate information on the effect of moisture stress on various traits which contribute for yield would be helpful in developing tolerant coriander genotypes. The result revealed that plant height; umbels per plant and biological yield per ten plants are most important yield component character in limited moisture condition.

Genotype x environment interaction for seed yield and its component character in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under drought prone environment of palamau region (Sub Zone V, Western Plateau)

Thirty genotypes/crosses of mustard were evaluated for the G x E interaction of yield and yield components by growing them in three rabi seasons during 2012–13 to 2014–15 at Zonal Research Station, Chianki (Birsa agricultural University, Ranchi), Palamau. The significant differences among the genotypes and the environments suggested that the presence of wide variability among genotypes and environment. The genotype and environment interaction plays significant role in varietal selection. The genotype and environment interaction was significant for five characters viz. plant height, number of primary branches per plant, siliqua per plant, seeds per siliqua and seed yield. Based on the stability parameters i.e. bi unity, S2 di=0 and high mean, the genotypes/crosses in RL-1359, Pusa Bold, BAUM-08-2 x 6, BAUM-08-2 x 5 and BAUM-08-4 x 6 were found to be stable for seed yield. The crosses BAUM-08-2 x 6, BAUM-08-2 x 5 and BAUM-08-4 x 6 were also stable for 1000 seed weight, number of primary branches per plant and 50% flowering. These genotypes/crosses were found stable and suitable for Palamau region and they may also serve as desired parents for developing the high yielding and stable genotypes.

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS, CORRELATION, AND GENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF TOMATOES GENOTYPE IN LOWLAND

The cultivation of tomato in lowland experience many obstacles, such as low produvtivity. One effort to increase tomato productivity in lowland is through selection of tomato genotype for high yield and yield component in lowland. This study aims to determine the variability based on genetic information, heritability and correlation of characters as well as the yield components of tomato genotypes relationship patterns in the lowlands. A Randomized Complete Block Design was used to characterization base on best genotype of yield component character, genetic variability, broad sense heribility and correlation to yield. Genotype of tomato tested had diverse characteristics. Best genotypes based on the yield character is IPB T1, based on the number of fruit per plant is IPBT30, based on the fruit length and day to flowering is IPB T74, based on the fruit diameter is IPB T73 and fruit thickness is IPBT60. Wide genetic diversity has a high heritability. Number of fruit per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, and fruit thickness has a wide genetic diversity and high heritability. Yield characters has a narrow genetic diversity and heritability is low. Characters that have a direct impact on the yield are the fruit diameter. Based on the cluster analysis, tomato genotypes are grouped into five groups. Group I consists of seven genotypes (IPBT1, IPBT58, IPBT60, IPBT64, IPBT78, IPBT80 and IPBT82), group II consists of one genotype (IPBT74), group III consists of three genotypes (IPB T13, IPB T73 and IPB T86), group IV consists of five genotypes (IPBT3, IPBT33, IPBT43, IPBT53, and IPBT3) which is characterized by fruit thickness, fruit length and days to flowering, and group V consists of one genotype (IPBT30).

Neighborhood Frequency Effect in Chinese Word Recognition: Evidence from Naming and Lexical Decision.

Neighborhood frequency is a crucial variable to know the nature of word recognition. Different from alphabetic scripts, neighborhood frequency in Chinese is usually confounded by component character frequency and neighborhood size. Three experiments were designed to explore the role of the neighborhood frequency effect in Chinese and the stimuli were all two-character words. This effect was evaluated on targets with- and without-higher frequency neighbors with neighborhood size matched. Among the experiments, the patterns of the leading character frequency effect and word frequency effect in the naming and lexical decision tasks were compared. The results implied an inhibitory neighborhood frequency effect in Chinese word recognition. Accordingly, a possible cognitive mechanism of the neighborhood frequency effect was thus proposed.

Estimation of heterosis in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.)] for yield and quality traits

Five CMS lines were crossed with nine testers in a line x tester design to study the extent of heterosis in pearl millet for yield and quality traits. Heterosis was observed in both directions for most of the characters. High magnitude of heterosis was observed for plant height, ear head girth, ear head weight, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The heterosis was moderate for Fe content, Zn content and test weight. The heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant ranged from -26.50 to 200.00 per cent, while the standard heterosis ranged from -53.38 to 37.79 per cent. The highest heterobeltiosis was recorded by cross JMSA 1 20141 x 149-SB-14 and JMSA 5 20142 x J-2340 followed by JMSA 1 20141 x 81-SB-14, ICMA 4 10444 x 149-SB-14. The cross JMSA 5 20142 x J-2340, ICMA 4 10444 x J-2340 and ICMA 4 10444 x 149-SB-14 recorded the highest standard heterosis for grain yield per plant. These crosses also exhibited desirable heterosis for important yield attributes suggesting that the heterosis for grain yield per plant was associated with heterosis for component character. Thus, these hybrids can be commercially exploited through heterosis breeding programme after testing in multilocational trial to work out its stability and in diseases screening trial to find out its resistance capacity against major pearl millet diseases in order to achieve hybrids with high grain yield in pearl millet.

Genetic divergence in Brassica rapa L.

Different multivariate analysis techniques were used to classify 33 Brassica rapa L. genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I contained the maximum number of genotypes. Cluster III earned the highest cluster mean value for number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant, number of siliquae/plant and seed yield/plant. Therefore, more emphasis can be given on cluster III for selecting genotypes as parents for the hybridization program. The highest intra-cluster distance (3.822) was found in cluster I and the lowest (0.000) in cluster V. The highest inter-cluster distance (15.705) was observed between clusters III and V showing wide diversity among the groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first three principal components accounted for 99.38 % of the total variation observed. Analysis of the factor loading of the component character indicated that the characters number of siliquae/plant, plant height and days to maturity were found responsible for genetic divergence. The role of number of siliquae/plant in both the vectors was important components for genetic divergence in these materials. Among the possible 528 combinations, the highest inter-genotypic distance (1.5975) was observed between G-27 (BARI sarisha-9 x BARI sarisha-6 S-62) and G-31 (BARI sarisha-15). Considering group and inter-genotypic distance, cluster mean, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and other agronomic performance the genotypes G- 19 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-48), G-20 (F6 x BARI sarisha-9 S-52), G-27 and G-30 (BARI sarisha-6 x TORI-7 S-37) from cluster III; G-26 (F6 x BARI sarisha-9 S-15) and G-31 from cluster IV and G-33 (BARI sarisha-6) from cluster V would be considered as better parents for future hybridization program.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(3): 421-433, September 2015

Free Volume, Cohesive Energy Density, and Internal Pressure as Predictors of Polymer Miscibility

In this paper, we illuminate and predict trends in polymer miscibility using our model understanding of pure component properties. We introduce a new metric that maps a bulk property to a theoretical characteristic parameter, viz. the percent free volume of a polymer melt as a function of the strength of its segment–segment (nonbonded) interaction energy. To this end we apply our simple Locally Correlated Lattice (LCL) model, first to characterize several dozen polymers via pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) data, and then to calculate properties that cannot be directly determined via experiment, such as percent free volume and cohesive energy density, and we rank all of the polymers in terms of these properties. We reveal strong correlations between bulk behavior and theoretical pure component character, and use those correlations to motivate a discussion of what drives polymer miscibility.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS THROUGH LINE × TESTER ANALYSIS IN OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.)

Line × tester analysis involving 15 lines and 4 testers in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) was carried out to access combining ability and heterosis with respect to latex yield and related components. The significance of GCA and SCA variances was evident from mean squares of all the seven traits indicating that additive as well as non-additive genes controlled the traits, yet additive genes were more important than the dominant genes for latex yield because variance due to GCA was higher than that of SCA. Among the female lines, I.S.41, SPS-32, SPS-45 and among testers T2 were better general combiner for latex yield and most other important traits. The hybrid SL11 (I.S.41) × T3 with highest SCA effect followed by SL15 (3004A) × T2 were better for latex yield. The line I.S.30 and I.S.44 having high negative GCA effect were important for dwarfness. The GCA effect of line I.S.41 was better for earliness and latex yield. The GCA effect of line SPS-45 was high for number of capsule and I.S.16 for less number capsule. The negative GCA effect of line I.S.44 was responsible for short plant height and peduncle length. The hybrid SL4 (I.S.5) × T2 was having high SCA effect for capsule index and negative GCA for line 3004A. The SCA effect for flower initiation for cross SL8 (I.S.16) × T2, SL11 (I.S.41) × T2 for days to flower, GCA effect for lines SPS-24, SPS-36 and IS-5 for days to flower may be useful material for earliness. The high useful SCA effect for dwarfness was in cross SL8 (I.S.16) × T2 and SL8 (I.S.16) × T4 for tallness. The parents involved in hybrid as promising were high × poor SL11 (I.S.41) × T3 and poor × high SL15 (3004A) × T2 for latex yield and for its component character were medium × high, medium × medium and medium × poor. The non additive (dominance) variance was higher than additive variance for flower initiation, days to flower, plant height; but additive higher for latex yield. Heritability was not much high in most of the traits expect flower initiation and genetic advance also medium to poor in most of the traits. Transgressive breeding may not be useful; heterosis breeding may be better choice. Multiple or reciprocal recurrent crossing which exploit both additive and non additive gene effects may be useful for genetic improvement of studied characters. Breeding methods i.e. bi-parental mating and or diallel selective mating, which accumulate favourable genes in homozygous state or helps in breaking linkage blocks, generating maximum variability for further selection, may be used in such situation in opium poppy.

EKSTRAKSI ANDROGRAFOLID DARI (Burm.f.) Nees MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAKTOR SOXHLET

Chemical component extraction from plant herbal influenced by various aspect, such as extraction technique or chemical component character from the plant. Extraction method and solvent polarity exteremly influence chemical component transfer from the cell of plant to solvent solution. Soxhlet is extraction system instrument with frequently same solvent extraction based on liquid-steam circulation process of the solvent. Solvent polarity to extract chemical component of the plant herbal depend on chemical component character it self and ability to penetrate cell membrane. Andrographolide, an active chemical component of Andrographis paniculata has been suggested the most active constituent that responsible to activity of Andrographis paniculata in herbal medication. This chemical constituen has solubility character in solvent with middle polarity that indicates solvent election to extract it. This study shows that chemical component extraction of herbal plant influenced by solvent polarity. Thin Layer Chromatography qualitative analyses indicate that absolute polar and Andrographis paniculata nonpolar solvent could not extract andrographolide, different from middle polarity. Andrographolide extraction with similar solvent and correct method offer extract yield with 16,6% andrographolide.

Direct imaging of the Fermi resonance interaction inpara-difluorobenzene: A special insight into energy redistributions in theS1low-energy regime

We have experimentally observed the dynamics of the Fermi resonance interaction in the ${S}_{1}$ low-energy regime of para-difluorobenzene at $+$819 cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ by femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging technique. The Fermi resonance interaction is clearly demonstrated by the time dependence of the photoelectron spectra; furthermore, the corresponding photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) clearly reflect each Fermi component character of the resonance ${5}^{1}\ensuremath{\cdots}{6}^{2}$. The oscillation period for the Fermi resonance is estimated to be less than 20 ps from the time behavior of the photoelectron spectra, which is very close to our calculated oscillation period value of 13.3 ps. Our results demonstrate the vibrational energy transfer between the two Fermi resonance components of 5${}^{1}$ and 6${}^{2}$, suggestive of a special insight into the vibrational energy redistribution in the ${S}_{1}$ low-energy regime of para-difluorobenzene.

Studies on Correlation and Path Analysis in Mutants of Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.) for Yield and forskolin Content in V2M1 Generation

The present investigation was carried out during 2003-2007 involving terminal cuttings of coleus ecotype 'Garmai'. Genotypic correlation coefficient between yield and its components in mutants of coleus was studied, viz., plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, number of tubers plant-1, tuber length and tuber girth were found to have positive and highly significant correlation with yield. However, forskolin and essential oil content showed negative correlation with yield. Path analysis of component characters on yield of Coleus in V2M1 generation exerted positive direct effect through the characters plant height, number of leaves plant-1 and number of tubers plant-1. Similarly, direct effect was observed to be negative through number of branches plant-1 (-0.930), total amount of alkaloids (-0.066) and forskolin content (-0.026). The current investigation resulted in residual effect of 0.158 indicating the accuracy and appropriate selection of component character for crop improvement programme. Weightage must be given to component characters exhibiting positive attributes towards fresh tuber yield in Coleus. However, some traits with negative attributes are also chosen for getting improved quality, i.e., forskolin content, without much inhibition on fresh tuber yield plant-1.

Differentiating Benign and Malignant Soft Tissue Masses by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Role of Tissue Component Analysis

There is a variable degree of accuracy in discriminating benign from malignant soft tissue masses based on signal intensity and morphologic characteristics by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to determine the utility of detailed component pattern assessment, in addition to morphologic study, for differentiating benign from malignant soft tissue masses by MRI. The imaging features of 118 histologically proven soft tissue masses were analyzed according to: (1) signal characteristics: (a) high T1 matrix; (b) low T2 matrix; (c) fibrous tissue signal; (d) calcification; (e) myxoid signal tissue; (f) fatty signal tissue; (g) cystic signal; (h) necrotic signal; (i) septations; (j) vascular signal void signal; (k) fat rim; and (l) hemorrhage; and according to (2) morphologic assessment: (a) lesion size (maximal diameter) in centimeters (cm); (b) lesion depth in cm; (c) margins; (d) peritumoral edema; (e) bone involvement; (f) marginal capsule or pseudocapsule; and (g) neurovascular bundle involvement. Univariate and multivariate analyses followed by stepwise logistic regression of combination of imaging features were performed. The predictive value of each imaging feature and various combinations of imaging features were determined. In univariate analysis, T2 low signal matrix, fibrous tissue, calcification, necrosis, septum, fat rim sign, peritumoral edema, and hemorrhage showed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant masses (p < 0.05). The positive predictive value of necrosis for malignancy was 84.8%, and its specificity was 90.9%. In multivariate analysis, the best model for predicting malignant masses was the combination of necrosis, maximal mass diameter, peritumoral edema, and absent fibrosis, absent calcification, and lack of fat rim. The combination of these parameters resulted in the most correct diagnoses of malignancy, with a sensitivity of 84.2%, specificity of 64.0%, and accuracy of 74.8%, whereas the accuracy of models consisting of component character and morphologic feature were 74.3% and 70.9%, respectively. MRI is useful in determining whether a soft tissue mass is malignant or not. Traditional morphologic assessment was reinforced by detailed component characterization analysis. The parameters favoring malignancy were large lesion size, peritumoral edema, necrosis, and absent calcification, absent fibrosis, and lack of fat rim.

Incompatible element ratios in French Polynesia basalts: describing mantle component fingerprints*

The chemical composition and origin of the isotopically identified end-member mantle components have been difficult to describe because their melted samples—oceanic basalts—are affected by many processes such as variable degrees of partial melting. Exploratory data analysis [multidimensional scaling (MDS)] applied to ∼200 basalts from French Polynesia reveals over 100 ratios of similarly incompatible elements (SIER) that are minimally affected by these processes. Ratios from elements with dissimilar incompatibility are identified as affected by melting percentages. When basalt samples are compared simultaneously using ∼100 SIER and MDS, they organise in the same way that they would with isotopes, according to mantle component type. Applying discriminant analysis to the most extreme French Polynesia samples representing each mantle component yields preliminary discrimination diagrams that improve the description of chemical variation in the mantle. As a test of their utility and reliability, they are used to classify averages of known EM1, EM2, and HIMU basalts on oceanic islands from outside French Polynesia with reasonable success. Although they are preliminary and should be used cautiously, two of the diagrams based on large numbers of samples and ≥10 SIER can be used to screen ‘unknown’ basalt samples for mantle component character. They can also help test models for component origin. As an example of their application, it is shown that the EM1-like (isotopically) Shonkin Sag basaltic sill (Montana) has extreme EM1 trace-element characteristics suggesting that EM1 in the ocean basins represents Archean subcontinental lithospheric mantle, recycled into the convecting oceanic mantle.