Complication Of Tumors Research Articles

Simultaneous Bilateral Secondary Pneumothorax Complicating Osteosarcoma: A Case Report

Background: The incidence of Simultaneous Bilateral Secondary Pneumothorax (SBSP) occurring as a complication of neoplasm is rare, only <1%. The lungs can be the site for the spread of metastatic osteosarcoma. Methods: We investigated a 16-year-old female who was diagnosed with right distal femur osteosarcoma, pulmonary metastasis, and a rare SBSP complication. Pneumothorax was observed in both sites of pulmonary metastases and bronchopleural fistula on contrasting chest computed tomography. Results: This pneumothorax is the second one; the previous one was only on one side before chemotherapy. The patient died 12 months after osteosarcoma was diagnosed and four months after SBSP occurred. The progression of osteosarcoma lesions was the cause for the death of the patient. SBSP is the leading cause of severe complications in osteosarcoma. Conclusion: The clinician must perform diagnostic strategies for early detection of osteosarcoma and its proper management, which can reduce a patient’s suffering and impairment of the patient’s quality of life, thus decreasing morbidity and the risk of mortality.

Genetic Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms: A Literature Review.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms are a life-threatening and often fatal complication, associated with poor prognosis outcomes and with high-risk unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities including complex karyotype. They occur after the treatment of primary malignancies using chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Such therapy is not specific to cancer cells, and also damages the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of normal cells, resulting in unbalanced and balanced translocations. There are eight genetic pathways, whose details are summarized in this review, depending on the cytogenetic abnormalities induced. This abnormality is the major contributor to the development of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. The etiology of these neoplasms depends on the complex interaction between the nature and dose of the cytotoxic agent, the environment, and the presence of subsequent inherited mutations. This review aims to elaborate upon recent knowledge regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, and genetic pathways of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. A deeper understanding of their etiology would aid physicians in more careful monitoring of patients during or after cytotoxic therapy for hematological malignancy. Ultimately, this knowledge could influence initial treatment strategies, with the aim of reducing both the incidence and serious complications of neoplasms. Therefore, early detection of DNA lesions is vital. The authors recommend that primary malignancy be treated with targeted therapy.

Cancer and the Kidney: Renal Complications of Neoplasms

Cancer and the Kidney: Renal Complications of Neoplasms