Complex Technological Systems Research Articles

Lorentz force and solar energy case study on CNTs and pollytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) paraffin oil-based hybrid nanofluid flow through a porous divergent/convergent channel

The concept of thermal transfer has fundamental implications in many areas, from the most basic physiological processes to the most complex technological systems. Kerosene oil, often known as paraffin oil, is frequently used as a fuel for jet lighting, engines and heating processes in many technologies. The rate of heat transmission is the fundamental requirement of all phenomena. But this cannot be achieved from base fluid like paraffin oil due to its less efficiency to rise the rate of heat transmission and save energy lost due to high temperatures. Therefore, current analysis is to explore effect of the Lorentz force, viscous dissipation and solar radiation on kerosene oil with the combination of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a porous convergent/divergent and stretching/shrinking channel. SWCNTs and PTFE are added to kerosene oil to produce the hybrid nanofluid. The designed problem is modeled in terms of partial differential equations PDEs. The nonlinear PDEs system is then reduced into ODEs using the transformations framework. The ND Solve technique is applied to numerically simulate the reduced boundary value problem, and the results are sketched and discussed. Obtained results demonstrate that velocity profile increase for the divergent channel and a fall in the convergence channel against higher value of porosity parameter and as well as Hartmann number.

IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF REGULATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH UNCLEAR INITIAL INFORMATION

This article presents a study of the properties of an automatic control system with a fuzzy controller, which includes a fuzzy pseudo-linear correction device with phase advance and a PID controller.One of the promising and effective approaches of the modern theory of control of complex technological systems in conditions of uncertainty caused by the fuzziness of initial information is an approach based on the use of expert assessment methods and the theory of fuzzy sets [1,2]. Technological processes characterized by multi-criteria function mainly in a fuzzy environment. Therefore, for optimal control of the operating modes of such systems, it is necessary to take into account the vectors of criteria and the fuzziness of the initial information. One of the alternative methods of building control and regulation systems for objects that are indistinctly defined from the point of view of classical theory is the use of so-called fuzzy logic controllers.Therefore, the development of fuzzy control controllers based on existing microcontrollers is a very urgent task, since a pseudo-linear fuzzy controller built on the basis of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logical I/O, under the condition of uncertainty of the disturbing effect, is able to provide higher quality indicators of the transient process than a traditional PID controller.As pseudolinear correction devices (PKU) we use: Amplitude-suppressed, phase-ahead, and with separate channels for amplitude and phase, since one of the main disadvantages of the PID controller is the presence of a phase delay and high sensitivity to interference in the measuring channel.

Space shaping in the design process for creative coding: a case study in media multiplicities

ABSTRACT This paper describes the design process for The Mind at Work, a light and sound art installation using networked devices, as a case study in working creatively with complex and unknown technological systems. The art installation evoked the development of a reusable framework for making scalable, re-configurable, audiovisual systems, while creating a specific artwork for a gallery exhibition. The development process was observed systematically to understand how creative coders navigate the challenge of integrating the technical and aesthetic considerations simultaneously. Building on existing design literature, the research is centred on an activity we call space shaping: setting up an environment to create tools for exploration. We consider critical points in the design process which affect how space shaping takes place.

Mandatory adoption of technology: Can UTAUT2 model capture managers behavioral intention?

In Bangladeshi ready-made garment (RMG) and textile sectors, technology-driven compliance standards are primarily imported directly from foreign buyers' corporate social responsibility (CSR) where managers do not have enough scope of involvement, engagement, or active authority. They neither have selection freedom nor adoption willingness. The aim of this exploratory research is to understand managers' perceptions around accepting these imposed technology-driven compliance standards in the name of safety through an empirical study of the RMG sector in Bangladesh. We have used the extended framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) model with certain modifications. After analyzing data through structural equation modeling (SEM), a modified theoretical framework was revealed to capture managers' behavioral intention toward a complex technological system that does not automatically arise from self-willingness; rather it is mandatory acceptance. Based on this knowledge, we recommend that the UTAUT2 model be extended and revised to capture this kind of mandatory adoption of technology. The findings of this research can provide deep and effective knowledge and experience to international buyers in the RMG sector, global supply chain members, RMG factory owners, and government policymakers.

Нейрорегулятор комплексной технологической системы переработки рудных отходов

The study is devoted to improving the management system of a complex technological system for processing ore waste. Such waste accumulates in large volumes in the territories adjacent to the mining and processing plants, posing a great environmental threat to both the population and the environment due to dust formation and the penetration of harmful compounds into the soil and groundwater. Therefore, the task of improving the management systems for the processing of ore waste, as one of the priorities, is on the current agenda of the management of mining and processing plants. The complexity of the technological system is manifested in the presence of two processing lines that differ in the set of units, and the choice of line depends on the granulometric composition of ore waste. The scientific novelty of the research results is the proposed structure of the neural network controller based on the reference model for the technological system, which is used as deep recurrent neural networks. The general structure of the neuroregulator includes several local neurocontrollers for each of the units of the technological system. Recurrent neural networks make it possible to create high-precision digital copies of individual units of two processing lines and use them to simulate the response of control objects when setting up controllers. Approbation of the proposed structure of the neuroregulator was carried out in the MatLab-Simulik environment, neural networks were designed using the Deep Network Designer tool. The results of testing showed that the speed of the control system is increased compared to other architectures of neuroregulators available in the Simulik environment, which can positively affect the operation of the entire technological system in transient conditions, in particular, reduce technological losses.

Optimal intervention policy of emergency storage batteries for expressway transportation systems considering deterioration risk during lead time of replacement

An emergency storage battery (ESB) is an important asset to ensure the reliability and safety of complex technological systems. Even if an asset owner decides to replace a deteriorated ESB in expressway transportation systems , a lead time (LT) from ordering replacement parts to delivery is inevitable because the replacement parts cannot be stockpiled. During the LT, the ESB continues to deteriorate, i.e., the risk of deterioration continuously increases. If the LT has a non-negligible length, it is necessary to find intervention policies that appropriately consider the risk during the LT. In this study, we propose a methodology to derive optimal intervention policies by explicitly considering deterioration risk during the LT in a stochastic control framework. Specifically, the geometric Brownian motion is statistically estimated as the deterioration process of the ESB, and an optimization model is proposed to find the optimal intervention policy. The proposed methodology is applied to a case study on an expressway transportation system. In the case study, a sensitivity analysis is also performed to obtain practical implications through a life cycle cost (LCC) comparison. Our findings show that the proposed methodology can reduce the LCC by 5.49% compared with when the LT is not considered.

Understanding the Development of High-Speed Rail in China

In this paper, we study the key factors affecting China’s high-speed rail development using a case study methodology and following the perspective of catch-up cycles. In addition to factors such as windows of opportunities and responses identified in the extant literature, we found that the focal organization’s strategic intent is the most important driving force. Strategic intents, opportunities, and responses, all change over time. This finding has important theoretical implications, and indicates the importance of effective coordination by the focal organization in the process of catching up in complex technology systems such as high-speed rail.

Synergy Management of a Complex Industrial Production System from the Perspective of Flow Structure

Modern industry has become very complex and requires an equally complex engineering technology system, which includes resource utilization, energy conversion, product research and development, technological innovation, environmental protection and industrial ecology, and other aspects of the system. Continued development of large-scale, streamlined, and continuous processes is critical; however, there are also problems such as data redundancy, overcapacity, redundant construction, and waste of resources. Based on the system synergy theory, this paper introduces the system analysis method from the perspective of flow structure, with the purpose of solving the management defects of complex industrial production systems. First, we analyze the complex industrial production system as a collaborative structure of three subsystems: material flow, energy flow, and information flow. The following concepts are clarified: “material flow is the main body, energy flow is attached to and drives material flow, material flow and energy flow generate information flow, and information flow reversely drives material flow and energy flow”. Secondly, the collaborative evolution process of the complex industrial production system is divided into three periods, which are the generation period, the stalemate period, and the maturity period, and a synergy degree evaluation model is established, which considers the Theil index and subsystem gray correlation method, and extends the dynamic differential equation model of three-stage collaborative evolution. Subsequently, we used MATLAB numerical simulation to demonstrate that the collaborative evolution of production systems is related to four aspects. They are the self-organizing ability of the system, the dominant role of order parameters, the competition and cooperation between order parameters, and whether mutations can become order parameters. At the same time, it was also found that it is basically independent of other factors, such as attenuation inertia. Then, the self-organizing map network (SOM) algorithm was used for the rapid identification of mutation data. Finally, we use the empirical research of SG enterprises to show that their production level and management system are advanced, but they were in a non-cooperative state from 2014 to 2021. In 2022, they had the basic conditions and trends to enter the synergistic generation period, and a synergistic management model is required. At the end of the article, we give a collaborative management method for complex industrial enterprises with a good management foundation. These include the management mechanism based on flow structure collaboration and the management path based on collaborative evolution. Of course, the management countermeasures given in this study are also applicable to other complex process-based industrial enterprises.

MODELING OF THE FLOW ADAPTIVE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE SOIL TILLAGE

It is well known that one of the significant disadvantages of the development of modern technological processes is the use of aspects of thinking associated with the use of already used design positions. From a practical point of view, there is no single optimal solution for tillage in agriculture. The methodology for solving complex, multipolar problems of quality and efficiency of technology must take into account a significant number of factors and be presented in an accessible form for the response of the working bodies of tillage machines. Precision tillage has great potential. The result of tillage operations can be improved depending on the optimal solution of construction working bodies and technological parameters of cultivating, which, in addition, can be adapted to the tillage technology depending on the local agro-climatic conditions. The article presents the results of the synthesis of the system of adaptive control of soil cultivation by creating a complex technological system with modeling of the structural-matrix schemes and on-stream technological influences of working bodies of machines and external agro-climatic conditions on the agrophysical state of the soil. The research methods are methods of analysis of structural schemes of technological process control systems; system-analog modeling of tillage control systems; structural analysis and synthesis of technological changes in agrophysical indicators of soil tillage. The main results are the structural diagram of the on-stream adaptive control system of the tillage unit for the requirements of precise agriculture; matrix diagram of the imaging and generalized system of equations of on-stream adaptive control of working bodies of tillage machines; system-analog model of the machine-tractor unit with the adaptive control system of working bodies.

Forecast for the Adaptive Tillage System

Precision tillage has great potential. The result of tillage operations can be improved depending on the optimal solution of construction working bodies and technological parameters of cultivating, which, in addition, can be adapted to the tillage technology depending on the local agro-climatic conditions. The article presents the results of the synthesis of the system of adaptive control of soil cultivation by creating a complex technological system with modeling of the structural-matrix schemes and on-stream technological influences of working bodies of machines and external agro-climatic conditions on the agrophysical state of the soil. The research methods are matrix methods of analysis of structural schemes of technological process control systems; system-analog modeling of tillage control systems; structural analysis and synthesis of technological changes in agrophysical indicators of soil tillage. The main results are the structural diagram of the on-stream adaptive control system of the tillage unit for the requirements of precise agriculture; matrix diagram of the imaging and generalized system of equations of on-stream adaptive control of working bodies of tillage machines; system-analog model of the machine-tractor unit with the adaptive control system of working bodies.

Technology strategies in converging technology systems: Evidence from printed electronics

AbstractNovel technology systems, such as “fiber optics” and “printed electronics,” increasingly emerge at the interface of hitherto unrelated technology areas. As such, new technology systems often arise through technology convergence, characterized by integrating technology components and knowledge from different technology systems, resulting in a novel system architecture. This phenomenon is of utmost societal relevancy but simultaneously poses tremendous challenges for firms' technology strategies. Firms must not only cope with unrelated knowledge rooted in hitherto different technologies but also have to decide deliberately how systemic (i.e., complete technology system) versus focused (i.e., single component of the technology system) their engagement in technology development in the converging technology system ought to be. In addition, firms need to decide strategically to what extent to develop specialized or design knowledge. Extant concepts of technology strategy fall short of capturing this complexity inherent in converging technology systems. Therefore, to address how technology strategies co‐evolve along with the emergence of new technology systems, this study adds a systems perspective to technology strategy by developing the concept of technology system coverage. This novel dimension of technology strategy is formed by the scope (i.e., focused vs. systemic coverage of the technology system) and type of technological knowledge (i.e., specialized or design knowledge). We empirically apply this novel angle of technology strategy to the convergence field of printed electronics. Based on a longitudinal set of 828 patents over 30 years, 74 relevant corporate actors are identified. The underlying taxonomy enables us to reveal four technology strategies and develop five propositions. The results indicate that all firms build design knowledge over time, whereas not all firms build specialized knowledge, no matter what technology strategy is pursued. In sum, this work advances literature by understanding technology strategy in emerging complex technology systems, introducing a systems perspective.

Global and Local Differentially Private Release of Count-Weighted Graphs

Many complex natural and technological systems are commonly modeled as count-weighted graphs, where nodes represent entities, edges model relationships between them, and edge weights define some counting statistics associated with each relationship. As graph data usually contain sensitive information about entities, preserving privacy when releasing this type of data becomes an important issue. In this context, differential privacy (DP) has become the de facto standard for data release under strong privacy guarantees. When dealing with DP for weighted graphs, most state-of-the-art works assume that the graph topology is known. However, in several real-world applications, the privacy of the graph topology also needs to be ensured. In this paper, we aim to bridge the gap between DP and count-weighted graph data release, considering both graph structure and edge weights as private information. We first adapt the weighted graph DP definition to take into account the privacy of the graph structure. We then develop two novel approaches to privately releasing count-weighted graphs under the notions of global and local DP. We also leverage the post-processing property of DP to improve the accuracy of the proposed techniques considering graph domain constraints. Experiments using real-world graph data demonstrate the superiority of our approaches in terms of utility over existing techniques, enabling subsequent computation of a variety of statistics on the released graph with high utility, in some cases comparable to the non-private results.

Technical Maintenance of Vehicles: Improvement of Reliability of the Major Components and Units

The purpose is to determine the impact of operating conditions on the reliability of vehicles, to identify the main causes of failure of truck units and assemblies and to find ways to improve their reliability. The main methods are a systematic approach to analysis of complex technological systems, the fault tree analysis to identify the most common causes of failure of trucks in the climatic conditions of Central Asia. It has been revealed that one of the frequent causes of failure of units and assemblies is fatigue failure, the finite element modelling of which allowed the study to obtain a diagram of limit deviations for various cycle asymmetries and as a result, the ability to predict the process of fatigue failure under the influence of external factors. The study results are aimed at the possibility of predicting the failure of components and assemblies of trucks conditioned by fatigue failure.

Application of System Analysis Methods and Algorithmization in Impact Management the Human Factor on the Functioning of Technological Processes

In any technological process that cannot be fully automated, a specialist performs the necessary operations, therefore, the reliability of the functioning of the technological process depends on his error-free actions. In complex technological systems, there are requirements for the qualification of personnel servicing and operating equipment, machines and mechanisms. The article presents the results of research in the field of assessing the causes of technological violations caused by personnel during the operation of complex technical systems and the use of methods of legitimization for processing information about the process of managing the impact of the human factor on the functioning of technological processes. We examined examples of technological improvements in the functioning of technological processes are considered using the example of technological processes implemented in the practice of JSC "Russian Railways (RZD). The causes of such violations have been identified and the impact of the human factor on their manifestations has been assessed.

Проблемы оценки риска по результатам HAZOP-исследования

HAZOP hazard identification method, which considers the parts of a system individually, has disadvantages that limit its application to structurally complex technological systems. In these cases, the simplified risk analysis methods such as FMEA, FMECA, etc. cannot be correct. To assess the risk of complex systems, it is recommended to conduct additional studies using the methods such as FTA and ETA, and other more rigorous methods. Additional studies require a significant investment of time, which is often limited by design time. Limitations can be overcome by using the information technology. The use of the FTA and ETA methods as the methods for identifying hazards directly in HAZOP study process allows to supplement HAZOP procedure with an analysis of deviations in the characteristics of the system elements from the design goals, their causes, and hazardous consequences in the entire technological system. It becomes possible, based on the results of HAZOP studies, to automatically build and analyze a combined fault tree and event tree. To determine the permissible probability of a hazardous event, a calibrated risk graph and the results of accident modeling are used. Automated analysis of the combined fault tree and event tree will allow to consider solution options, determine the risk created by the controlled equipment, select the systems for its consistent reduction and optimal requirements for the functions and reliability of safety systems used to reduce the risk.

INTELLECTUAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OIL FIELDS

The goal of this effort is to create new strategies and enhance the control over oil-producing wells and an oilfield using artificial intelligence techniques. The advancement of knowledge necessitates the implementation of intelligent technologies with the objective of creating a unified scientific and technological oilfield space. Methods for optimizing operation modes for complex technological systems; expert knowledge-based decision-support systems; unified requirements for intelligent system interfaces and modules, as well as means to represent and store knowledge, including distributed knowledge base architectures; and mathematical and software support are among these. Advanced intelligent technologies and tools built on them may be used to modify goal-attainment procedures. The key characteristics of the applicable artificial intelligence tools that are necessary for implementation at all levels are detailed, along with a suggested three-tiered system of intelligent oil field control that assures optimization of oil output and the operation of equipment. The idea and the suggestions provided in the study can serve as a springboard for more investigation and the construction of actual intelligent wells and intelligent oilfields. Keywords: intelligent oilfield, oil, production, artificial intelligence

Understanding the business model design for complex technology systems: The case of the bioeconomy

The commercialization of bio-based technologies can foster the transition from a fossil-based to a bio-based industry. However, the development of bio-based technologies often implies a co-evolution of process and product technologies (compare for example a biorefinery producing biobased specialty chemicals) as well as the design of a larger systems architecture involving different actors. Additionally, technologies are increasingly developed in a modular design, where different components of the final technology are managed by several actors that only together engage in value-creation. Complexity of the system complicates the design of a business model due to different interdependencies and the need for co-evolution of different components of a larger technology system. To alleviate these challenges, we aim to build a framework that disentangles the interdependencies of technologies and actors as well as the inherent complexity of technology systems and guides the design of a business model for a complex technology system. By drawing upon five well-established concepts, namely (i) the technology-product-market linkages, (ii) the technology system, (iii) the system-of-systems perspective, (iv) the technology innovation system and (v) the ecosystem pie model, the proposed framework supports the design of a business model for scientist entrepreneurs of a focal technology, which aligns well with the overall (eco)system. To illustrate its use, we apply our proposed framework to the bioeconomic case of microbial palm oil produced in a biorefinery.

Kings, Queens, Monsters, and Things: Digital Drag Performance and Queer Moves in Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The Zizi Project is a series of connected art and performance pieces created by artist Jake Elwes in collaboration with Me The Drag Queen and members of London’s drag performance scene. The works – currently Zizi: Queering the Dataset (2019), Zizi & Me (2020; ongoing), and The Zizi Show (2020) – sit at the intersection of drag performance and Artificial Intelligence (AI), playing with and queering facial recognition software, deepfake technologies, and Machine Learning algorithms. I consider The Zizi Project as an example of work at the vanguard of an emergent field of queer AI performance. The project intervenes in complex conversations surrounding AI and Machine Learning, including the lack of representation of diverse identities and communities in datasets used to train these systems and the complexity of creating datasets which include queer and trans bodies and identities. However, in aiming to use drag performance to expose and demystify these complex technological systems to audiences, I propose that queerer forms of art making and performance emerge that push at the boundaries of both drag and the technologies used. Ultimately, The Zizi Project articulates drag and queer futures where the digital and the actual interact in increasingly complex ways to explore notions of diversity, inclusion, and access that speak to fundamental questions of what counts as drag, what counts as queer, and, indeed, what count as human.

Sustainability Assessment Techniques and Potential Sustainability Accreditation Tools for Energy-Product Systems Modelling

The modelling of complex technological systems serves as the foundation for enhancing process performance, including sustainability features (triple-bottom line). The European Green Deal, proposed in 2019, aims to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and foster a resource-independent economy. Such a change must be carefully planned. Comprehensive sustainability protocols and guidelines are necessary to describe the standardized methodological procedure, the environmental certification procedures that allow market comparability and identification of the best solutions, the databases, the calculation tools and software, and the benchmark and target with which to make comparison. Policies and regulatory or incentive instruments promote the broad adoption of these approaches and ensure that policies reduce environmental, economic, and social impacts. This paper consists in an overview of sustainability assessment tools’ role in energy policy and short- and long-term modeling of more eco-friendly energy-product systems. Additionally, the paper explores these methods’ pros and cons in planning, analyzing, and optimizing energy/product systems, also according to the circular economy paradigm. All of these strategies aim to help the decision-maker make more consistent judgments by taking into consideration essential objective, such as end user or stakeholder demands, and minimizing subjective elements. An extensive listing of Sustainability accreditation and communication tools is provided. Sustainability assessment is an evaluation and optimization method that promotes sustainable development in all political planning and decision-making. It examines the social, economic, and environmental effects, finds conflicting goals, and recommends early optimization. Potentially, sustainability assessment should be integrated into the political planning process and depend on domain-specific research and assessments that currently exist or are planned, such as in combination with decision-making. Sustainability assessment is not designed to be an extra analytical tool. A sector-specific environmental or economic study from a strategic environmental analysis or regulatory effect analysis may be crucial to a sustainability assessment.

Dialectics of the Russia agro-industrial complex technologies

The article deals with some aspects of future technologies creating of the Russian agro-industrial complex. The focus is on a synergistic approach to the complex self-organizing technological systems for food production development. Issues in discussion are the prospect of a new industrialization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC); general principles and tasks of applied philosophy; dialectical spiral as a model of technology development; the dynamics of the agro-industrial complex technological systems development from the point of view of the dialectical method; features of the process of self-organization of AIC technologies as complex systems; analysis of directions for the development of agro-industrial complex technologies; interpretation of the Basic Laws of Dialectics in terms of the development of agro-industrial complex technologies in the 21st century; the feasibility and conditions for the creation of complexes "Agro-Food Technology" in the agro-industrial complex as a way to the Sixth technological order. Special focus is paid to the dialectical complication of AIC technologies.