Complete Blood Count Variables Research Articles

Comparison of hematologic variables among Warmbloods, Thoroughbreds, and Western stock horse breeds.

Hematology is a diagnostic tool used to evaluate the health status of horses. However, breed differences are often not considered. The objective was to compare complete blood count variables among Warmbloods, Thoroughbreds, and stock horses (SH). Ninety-six healthy horses were grouped by breed (Warmbloods, Thoroughbreds, and SH). Samples were collected through venipuncture for complete blood count analysis. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's tests or Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc tests were used to compare hematologic variables among groups. Warmbloods had a significantly lower total white blood cell (WBC) count (6.08 ± 1.11 × 109/L) and lymphocyte count (1.76 ± 0.41 × 109/L) than Thoroughbreds (7.28 ± 1.45; 2.28 ± 5.16 × 109/L, respectively; P < .001) and SH (7.21 ± 1.18 × 109/L, P < .01; 2.10 ± 5.17 × 109/L; P < .05). Warmbloods had a significantly lower red blood cell count (7.7 ± 0.8 × 1012/L) and higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV, 49.4 ± 2.2 fL) than Thoroughbreds (8.42 ± 1.2 × 1012/L, P < .01; 47.3 ± 3.0 fL). Warmbloods had lower MCVs than SH (49.4 ± 2.2 vs 51.2 ± 2.6 fL). The mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was higher in Warmbloods (35.0, 33.8-36.2 g/dL) and Thoroughbreds (34.9, 33.4-35.7 g/dL) than in SH breeds (34.0, 33.4-35.4 g/dL; P < .001, both). Total protein concentrations were significantly lower in Thoroughbreds (67, 59-80 g/L) compared with SH (71, 64-83 g/dL) (P < .05). Warmbloods had decreased WBC and lymphocyte counts compared with Thoroughbreds and SH, and Thoroughbreds had increased red blood cell counts. Thoroughbreds had lower total protein concentrations than SH. Clinicians should consider breed differences when interpreting hematologic values.

Haematological parameter among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Ibadan.

Haematological abnormalities are common among tuberculosis patients but there is dearth of information on their value as prognostic markers in Multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients. This study examined the association between complete blood count variables and drug resistant tuberculosis. Nighty (90) consenting adults comprising 30 Drug Resistant Tuberculosis patients (DR-TB), 30 Drug susceptible tuberculosis patients (DS-TB) and 30 healthy participants were recruited in this study. Ethical approval was obtained from Oyo State Ministry of Health Institutional Review Board while patients' demographic data were collected using structured questionnaire. Five milliliters (5mL) of blood samples were collected in EDTA bottle. Haematological parameters were analysed using impedance technique and Mindary-BG5380 5-part automated system. The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients (11.70 ± 2.73 g/dL) than in DS-TB patients (8.33 ± 9.56 fL), with a mean difference of -3.37 ± 12.29 g/dL. The mean MCH and MCHC levels were also slightly lower in DR-TB patients (26.17 ± 3.44 pg and 30.41 ± 1.92 g/dL, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. The WBC count was similar in both groups (8.20 ± 3.80 × 10^9 /L and 8.45 ± 3.63 × 10^9 /L, respectively). The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients than in DS-TB patients which may be due to the increased inflammation associated with DR-TB. The WBC count was similar in both groups, suggesting that the immune system is responding similarly to the infection in both DR-TB and DS-TB patients. In the meantime, healthcare providers should be aware of these potential differences and use them to inform their diagnosis and treatment of patients with tuberculosis.

175 Effects of Random Metaphylaxis Administered at Feedlot Arrival to 0, 33, 66, Or 100% of High-Risk Beef Cattle on Health Outcomes, Complete Blood Count, and Growth Performance

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of random metaphylaxis administered on arrival to 0, 33, 66, or 100% of high-risk beef cattle on clinical health, growth performance, and complete blood cell counts during a 35-d receiving period. Crossbred beef steers (n = 216; arrival BW = 197 ± 6.4 kg) were used in a generalized complete block design consisting of 2 source blocks and 4 treatments. Experimental treatments and steers were randomly assigned to pen within source block: 1) negative control, subcutaneous injection with sterile saline (NCON); 2) 33% of steers/pen given metaphylaxis (33M); 3) 66% of steers/pen given metaphylaxis (66M); and 4) positive control; conventional metaphylaxis given to 100% of steers (CONV). Body weight and blood samples for quantification of complete blood count were collected on d 0, 14, and 35. Pen was considered the experimental unit for all analyses. Continuous data were analyzed using PROC MIXED, and categorical data were analyzed as binomial proportions using PROC GLIMMIX. Treatment was included in the model as a fixed effect and source block was a random effect. Complete blood counts were analyzed as repeated measures, where day was the repeated effect and pen within treatment was the subject. The percentage of steers treated with an antibiotic for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) once was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.01) for NCON and 33M than for 66M and CONV. Neither BW on d 35 nor average daily gain from d 0 to 35 differed among treatments (P &amp;gt; 0.65), but dry matter intake (DMI) and DMI as a percentage of BW from d 0 to 35 was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.03) for 66M and CONV than for NCON and 33M. No differences in hematological variables were detected among treatments (P &amp;gt; 0.19), whereas all complete blood count variables were affected by day (P &amp;lt; 0.01), except for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (P = 0.81). Most notably, the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.01) on d 0 than on d 14 and 35. These data suggest that arrival metaphylaxis can be administered to 66% of cattle at random without increasing BRD morbidity while simultaneously increasing DMI similar to conventional metaphylaxis. Random metaphylaxis may be a viable method to decrease antibiotic use in the feedlot industry, while maintaining health outcomes and growth performance of high-risk beef cattle.

Determining the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluation of the Role of Complete Blood Count Variables Measured in the First Two Trimesters

Objective: To evaluate the value of first and second trimester complete blood count (CBC) parameters in predicting the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and Method: This study was carried out from January 2017 to December 2018 at the XXX. The CBC and biochemistry results, various indices calculated from CBC parameters, and other data of the study group consisting of pregnant women with and without GDM were obtained from medical records. Results: Age (p

Role of Darshana Pariksha in Different Prakruti’s with special reference to Blood and Urine

Trividha Pareeksha’s like Darshana, Sparshana and Prashna holds relevance in the current clinical methods like history taking, general examination and systemic examinations. ‘Rogamadou Pareekshet Tathoanantharam Oushadam’ before planning any treatment one should have completes knowledge of Roga and Rogibala. From ancient time to till date examination of patient is important. Vyadhiutpathi always lead to disrupted body system and after that body is need to be investigated by various protocols, Pariksha are one among them. Rogi pariksha is an important parameter in the diagnosis of a disease as before diagnosis the treatment of a disease is not possible. Examining the patient is a skillful act and well as in contemporary science both have explained this examination elaborately. Prakrut avastha Rogi Pariksha are dealt in Ayurveda. Principle of Ayurveda is to take care of individual health and to relieve the ailing individual for disease. Acharyas have given a variety of examination in the form of Pariksha. Pariksha are the diagnostic tool that helps to diagnose the Vyadhi. Hence in this present study individual different Prakrutis were selected for the study and each Prakruti assessment is done and Darshana Pareeksha is defined, comparing to the variables of blood components and urine. Here in this present study Darshana Pareeksha is considered as a major role in different Prakruti is observed with respect to blood and urine. Darshana variables are compared to CBC variables and urine variables. A complete blood count (CBC) gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Grapiprant or carprofen following ovariohysterectomy in the cat: analgesic efficacy, hematological, biochemical and urinalysis evaluation.

This study aimed to compare the analgesic effect between carprofen and grapiprant every 12 or 24 h on postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, in addition to the effects on the hematological, biochemical and urinalysis variables. A total of 32 female cats were randomly divided into three groups, according to the treatment administered with the first dose given orally 90 mins before surgery, as follows: CAR (cats received 4 mg/kg carprofen, n = 11); GRA1 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant, n = 10); and GRA2 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant q12h, n = 11). Pain was assessed by UNESP-Botucatu Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale (UNESP) and Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale (GLASGOW) for cats preoperatively (baseline) and at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after extubation. Venous blood was collected at baseline, and 12 and 24 h after the administration of carprofen or grapiprant to perform a complete blood count (CBC), the percentage of Heinz bodies and serum biochemistry (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatinine and urea). Urinalysis was performed at baseline and 24 h after extubation. Glucose levels were evaluated at baseline and 1 h postoperatively. Pain scores were not significantly different among groups in both scales, although pain was higher at 3 h in comparison with 24 h in all groups. In the GRA1 and GRA2 groups, 67% (14/21) of cats needed rescue analgesia compared with 18% (2/11) in the CAR group. Glucose increased from baseline to 1 h in the GRA1 and GRA2 groups. None of the CBC, serum biochemistry and urinalysis variables differed among groups. Grapiprant did not promote adequate analgesia during the first 3 h postoperatively in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy compared with carprofen, and no benefits were observed by administering grapiprant every 12 h.

Effect of Altitude on Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cell Indices in Adults in Different Regions of Saudi Arabia

PurposeComplete blood count (CBC) is a commonly used blood test for health checks. This study was conducted to compare CBC from two different altitudes and from sea-level populations in order to suggest correction factor for altitude-related increment on the hemoglobin and red blood cell indices.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective lab records study, large datasets of CBCs over 5-year period were screened from three different regions of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah (a coastal city), Taif City located at 1879 m above sea level, and Abha City at located 2270 m above sea level. Descriptive analysis and significance testing of the CBC variables at different altitude were compared.ResultsA total of 57,059 participants were included for final analysis. Mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (g/dL) was 14.81 for men and 13.77 for women at sea level, whereas Hb concentrations were 15.35 and 14.19 for men and women residing at Taif City, respectively, and 15.40 and 14.71 for men and women at Abha City, respectively. Hemoglobin and other red cell indices were significantly different among men and women across different altitude, except for mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The MCV 95th percentile range was lower at sea level and both altitudes as compared to current reference range (76–91 fL vs 81–98 fL).ConclusionAlthough altitude-associated increment in Hb concentration was evident in both men and women, it was lower than as suggested by World Health Organization and Centers for Disease and Control. Results of this study can also be used to derive new CBC reference intervals for Saudi residents living at high altitude. A correction factor (ΔHb) of 0.30 g/dL per 1000 m altitude is suggested to be used in adult population living at high altitudes in Saudi Arabia which should help better define anemia and polycythemia at altitude.

Complete Blood Count Parameters Outperform Putative Inflammatory Markers in Predicting COVID-19 Mortality: A Multimodal Machine Learning Model

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 evoked immunodysregulation drives inflammation, morbidity, and mortality across COVID-19 presentation spectrum. We sought to identify baseline cell counts and proportions reported with a complete blood count (CBC) that contribute independent information to a model predicting mortality in hospitalized patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Such a model may complement or improve presentation risk stratification informed by putative inflammatory markers.Methods: Our retrospective design, analyses and interpretations followed constructs detailed in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guideline.Under IRB exemption, discharge medical electronic health records underwent extraction of administrative and clinical data. Demographics, anthropometrics, vital signs, laboratory test and ICD-10-CM-based Elixhauser comorbidity categories were included. Univariate logistic regression was used to identify CBC parameters and attendant ratios associated (p<.05) with hospital mortality. Generalized regression with adaptive LASSO modeling was used to evaluate explanatory probability while eliminating collinearities in identified CBC parameters (individual and ratio) associated with mortality while controlling age, sex, race, baseline vital signs, Elixhauser comorbidities and COVID-19 epoch quarters / treatment. Additional analysis with Bootstrap Forest (BF) was employed to evaluate aggregated synergies and retain parameters that optimized generalized RSquared representing multivariate prediction accuracy and explained variance proportion (EV%) in mortality provided by each variable. Further BF analysis was used to examine relative magnitude of EV% versus putative COVID-19 inflammatory markers. CBC variables included in final BF model were temporally parsed in 24h intervals then pooled when measured after 120h since first vital sign at hospitalization. Results were averaged when a patient underwent multiple assays within an interval. A two-way ANOVA was employed to compare survival vs. non-survival pathways.Results: Among patients consecutively discharged between March 14, 2020 through May 31, 2021, 208 (10 %) of 2153 died. Survivor vs. non-survivor patient and clinical characteristics are summarized in Table 1. CBC parameters identified as independently associated with hospital mortality included WBC, lymphocytes, bands, segmented neutrophils, monocytes, and RDW-CV. (Table 2) Ratios of CBC parameters associated with mortality included AMC/ALC and APC/ALC (Table 2). Results of BF EF% modeling including CBC parameters respectively without (Rsquare = 0.65) and with (Rsquare = 0.70) inclusion of putative inflammatory markers are illustrated in Figure 1a and 1b. Inflammatory markers alone exhibited lowest Rsquare (0.52) (Figure 1c). Figure 2 illustrates temporal kinetics of modeled CBC parameters across hospitalization. Intergroup differences at baseline were sustained, save for RDW-CV after 5-days.Conclusions: Machine learning approaches identified several CBC parameters measured at presentation that when modeled with putative COVID-19 inflammatory markers, enhanced early prediction of hospital mortality. CBC parameters are usually more often measured compared to other inflammatory markers that show COVID-19 severity and serve as an easily obtainable source of information to determine which patients may require a higher level of care before clinical symptoms follow. This includes progression to critical illness and hospital mortality. We recommend that CBC parameters, especially bands, APC/ALC ratio and AMC/ALC ratio be considered for baseline risk stratification of COVID-19 severity, as these trends are sustained at least 5-days after hospitalization. [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Comparative Analysis of Complete Blood Count Parameters in COVID-19 Patients with Normal Population

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) has proclaimed the new 2019 coronavirus illness (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic. Objective: To report the changes of CBC parameters in COVID-19 cases and to compare the values of the Complete Blood Count (CBC) of COVID-19 patients with normal population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 100 COVID-19 hospitalized patients of Jinnah Hospital and 100 healthy individuals from January to May 2021 was conducted. The demographic data and CBC values of the groups were collected and evaluated statistically Results: According to demographic analysis, population has an average age of 52 years. In all the cases, CBC results reveal elevated WBC, low lymphocyte count, and neutrophilia. Conclusion: In comparison to the normal population, there is a significant variation in complete blood count variables.

DERIVATION AND VALIDATION OF THE HA-VTE AND HA-MB INTERMOUNTAIN RISK SCORES FROM UBIQUITOUS CLINICAL BIOMARKERS TO PREDICT 90-DAY HOSPITAL-ASSOCIATED VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM AND MAJOR BLEEDING AMONG MEDICAL PATIENTS

SESSION TITLE: Late-breaking Abstracts SESSION TYPE: Original Investigations PRESENTED ON: October 18-21, 2020 PURPOSE: Identify hospitalized medical patients who at discharge have significant risk for hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) or major bleeding (HA-MB) to inform extended-duration thromboprophylaxis (EDT) decision-making. METHODS: The Intermountain risk score (IMRS) is a highly predictive mortality risk estimation tool derived from components of the complete blood count (CBC) and basic metabolic panel (BMP). While minimally predictive for the outcome of 90-day HA-VTE [Snyder,L 2020] we hypothesized that IMRS components from the CBC and BMP could be re-weighted to be more predictive of HA-VTE and major bleeding (“HA-VTE IMRS” & “HA-MB IMRS”). To do so, a dataset of 45,669 medical patients who survived hospitalization in which 1038 (1.6%) VTE and 611 (1.3%) major bleeding events were recorded (as determined using validated natural language processing in EMR interrogation [Evans,RS 2010]) was split into a derivation (2/3) and validation (1/3) cohort. In the derivation set the CBC and BMP candidate variables were split into quintiles, and the referent quintile was determined as that with the lowest event rate. Backward stepwise regression in 500 bootstrapped samples was performed to identify predictors from the BMP and CBC candidate variables. A Cox model was fit in the derivation dataset with the variables included in 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% of bootstrapped samples; these models were compared using likelihood ratio tests to determine if the additional variables included at each threshold significantly improved model fit. Coefficients from the Cox model were used to assign weights for the quintiles to generate the HA-VTE IMRS and HA-MB IMRS cutoff thresholds. Covariates selected for the final VTE model were: RDW, BUN, age, glucose, WBC, platelet count, RBC and sodium. Covariates selected for the final major bleeding model were: RDW, age, creatinine, MPV, Sodium, and RBC. RESULTS: In the derivation set 563/30,445 patients experienced HA-VTE and 399/30,445 experienced HA-MB. The HA-VTE IMRS ≥ 7 generated an AUC=0.603 and the HA-MB IMRS ≥ 8 generated an AUC=0.624. In the validation set 137/5242 had VTE in the HA-VTE IMRS ≥ 7 cohort vs. 160/9982 with a HA-VTE IMRS < 7 (2.6% vs 1.6%; HR=1.69; 95% CI 1.35-2.13; AUC=0.60). 135/7101 had MB in the HA-MB IMRS ≥ 8 cohort vs. 67/8123 with a HA-MB IMRS < 8 (1.9% vs. 0.8%; HR=2.35; 95% CI 1.75-3.16; AUC=0.64). CONCLUSIONS: HA-VTE and HA-MB risk may be estimated electronically at the time of hospital discharge based on components of the CBC and BMP. This information may inform decision-making regarding the prescription of EDT. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: If validated, this electronic program may be deployed in an EMR to calculate 90-day HA-VTE risk at the time of discharge with no additional time or expense based on laboratory values that are ubiquitously available and could inform decision-making regarding extended duration thromboprophylaxis for medical patients. DISCLOSURES: Consultant relationship with BD Please note: $5001 - $20000 Added 07/17/2020 by Joseph Bledsoe, source=Web Response, value=Consulting fee No relevant relationships by masarret fazili, source=Web Response PI of research grant relationship with AstraZeneca Please note: $20001 - $100000 Added 07/17/2020 by Benjamin Horne, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support PI of research grant relationship with GlaxoSmithKline Please note: $1-$1000 Added 07/17/2020 by Benjamin Horne, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support PI of research grant relationship with CareCentra Please note: $1-$1000 Added 07/17/2020 by Benjamin Horne, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support Owner of intellectual property relationship with Alluceo Please note: $1-$1000 Added 07/17/2020 by Benjamin Horne, source=Web Response, value=IP was licensed Owner of intellectual property relationship with CareCentra Please note: $1-$1000 Added 07/17/2020 by Benjamin Horne, source=Web Response, value=IP was licensed No relevant relationships by James Lloyd, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Gregory Snow, source=Web Response Research contract (no longer active) relationship with BMS/Pfizer Please note: $1-$1000 Added 07/17/2020 by Scott Stevens, source=Web Response, value=Grant/Research Support No relevant relationships by Scott Woller, source=Web Response

Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on serum chemistry, complete blood count, and fecal Salmonella spp. count in high-risk cattle during the feedlot receiving and finishing periods.

The study objective was to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on serum chemistry, complete blood count, and fecal Salmonella spp. count in high-risk beef cattle during a 56-d feedlot receiving period and the subsequent finishing period. Four truckload blocks of crossbred beef bulls (n = 300) and steers [n = 84; total n = 384; average initial body weight (BW) = 220 ± 16.2 kg] were sourced from regional auction markets and assigned randomly to treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. Blood samples were collected from two bulls nearest to the median BW on arrival in each pen (n = 96) and fecal samples were collected from cattle in block 3 (n = 96). The generalized complete block design consisted of 12 pen replications per treatment with pen as the experimental unit. Treatments were: 1) negative control (CON); 2) 13 g per animal daily of prepared B. subtilis PB6 product (CST); 3) 450 ppb dry matter (DM) chromium propionate (CHR); and 4) 13 g per animal daily of prepared B. subtilis PB6 product and 450 ppb DM chromium propionate (CST + CHR). Treatments were top dressed in feed bunks daily using 0.45 kg per animal ground corn carrier immediately following feed delivery. Data were analyzed using mixed models with repeated measures. Day affected all serum chemistry variables (P ≤ 0.03) except total CO2 (P = 0.34) and all complete blood count variables during receiving (P ≤ 0.02) except percentage basophils (P ≥ 0.12). During the overall receiving period, serum calcium was decreased (P = 0.02) by CHR. Cattle fed CHR had greater total leukocyte count (P = 0.04) and neutrophil count (P = 0.02) during the overall receiving period. Fecal Salmonella spp. count was markedly reduced in cattle fed CST on day 28 (P = 0.01) and overall (P = 0.07). Overall, these data provide metabolic and hematologic insight into the unique challenges presented by lightweight, high-risk feeder cattle. Notably, CST was found to be effective in mitigating fecal enumeration and presumably replication of Salmonella spp. in the gastrointestinal tract.

Evaluate the correlations of maternal systemic ınflammatory markers such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with gestation age

Objective: In this study, we aim to study the correlation between the maternal systemic inflammatory markers such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) including complete blood count (CBC) variables with gestation age, at the labor of our patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed with 1127 patients and their infants. We used the maternal CBC variables analyzed within the last day before active labor. We analyzed the statistical differences between the NLR, PLR, and other CBC variables in terms of gestational age. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the gestational age with NLR and PLR values, (P = 0.414 and P = 0.341, respectively). When we compare the NLR and PLR values in normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD) group, no statistically significant difference was found (P = 0.250; P = 0.995, respectively). In correlation analyses, no statistically significant correlation was detected between NLR and PLR with a birth weight of the infant and gestational age (P = 0.132 and P = 0.344, respectively). A linear, negative, weak correlation, and statistically significant correlation was detected between white blood cell count (WBC) with the infant's birth weight and gestational week (P Conclusions: Inflammation plays an important role especially at the beginning of the labor. In our study, we showed no correlation of the NLR and PLR with a gestational week or infant's birth weight at labor. Also, in our research, the NLR and PLR values did not differ statistically among the four groups in terms of the gestational age of delivery with the highest values in the preterm birth (

Hemoglobin, Ferritin levels and RBC Indices among children entering school and study of their correlation with one another.

To study correlation of various complete blood count variables with one another and to ascertain the values of intercept and slope among those having strong correlation. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Marach 2017 in the Rabwah town of Punjab province in Pakistan, and comprised randomly selected one in four children studying under the Nazrat Taleem School System. Serum sample from each subject was used to analyse complete blood count on an automated analyser, and ferritin levels were checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SPSS20 was used for data analysis. There were 299 children with a median age of 67 months. Mean haemoglobin level was 12.09±0.82gm/dl. There was a very strong positive correlation between haemoglobin and haematocrit; mean corpuscular volume; and red cell distribution width; mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin; red cell distribution width and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (p<0.001).Moderate positive correlation was found between haemoglobin and red blood cell count; haematocrit and red blood cell count; mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p<0.05). Moderate negative correlation was present between red blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume; red blood cell count and red cell distribution width; red blood cell count and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (p<0.05). There were strong to moderate correlation between various complete blood count variables in the studied population. Ferritin level was the only variable which did not have any correlation with any of the other variables.

PSIV-15 Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on health, performance, and blood parameters of high-risk cattle during the feedlot receiving period

Abstract The objective was to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on health, performance, and blood parameters in high-risk beef calves during a 56-day receiving period. Four truckload blocks of crossbred beef calves (n = 384; BW=220±16.2 kg) were assigned randomly to treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. The generalized complete block design consisted of 12 pen replications per treatment with pen as the experimental unit. Treatments were: 1) placebo control (CON); 2) 13 g/animal/d Bacillus subtilis PB6 (CLOSTAT®, Kemin Industries; CST); 3) 1 g/animal/d Cr propionate (KemTRACE® Chromium, Kemin Industries; CHR); and 4) CST+CHR. Treatments were top dressed in feed bunks daily using 0.45 kg/animal/d ground corn carrier. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, 28, and 56 for analysis of serum chemistry and complete blood count variables from a pen subset (n = 2/pen). Data were analyzed using MIXED and GLIMMIX procedures of SAS. The DMI was increased for CST during each interim period (P ≤ 0.03) and overall DMI was increased by 0.78 lb/animal/d for CST (P = 0.01). The CST supplemented cattle had greater BW on days 14, 28, and 56 (P ≤ 0.06). Likewise, ADG was improved for CST from day 0 to 14 (P = 0.04) and for the overall receiving period (P = 0.04). Main effects of CST (P = 0.02) and CHR (P = 0.03) decreased the percentage of calves treated for bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Morbidity was 28.0 and 39.9% for cattle with and without CST supplementation and 28.6 and 39.3% for cattle with and without CHR supplementation, respectively. Cattle fed CHR had increased (P ≤ 0.04) total leukocytes, neutrophils, serum aspartate aminotransferase and less (P = 0.02) serum calcium. Performance was improved by CST and BRD morbidity was less for CST and CHR.

104 Administration of a DNA immunostimulant does not mitigate bovine herpesvirus-1 recrudescence in dexamethasone challenged beef cattle

Abstract The study objective was to determine the effect of a DNA immunostimulant on recrudescence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) after dexamethasone challenge in beef cattle. It was hypothesized that the DNA immunostimulant would mitigate stress-induced immunosuppression; thereby, reducing the incidence of BHV-1 recrudescence. Steers (n=10) and heifers (n=10; initial BW = 489 kg ± 57 kg) were stratified by pre-existing BHV-1 antibody titer, sex and initial BW and randomly assigned to treatment (n=4 pens/treatment; 2 or 3 animals/pen). All calves were administered 40 mg of dexamethasone i.v. at 0600 h from d 0 to 2, 166-d subsequent to BHV-1 challenge with 1.0 × 108 plaque-forming units per nostril. On d 1, calves were administered treatments consisting of 2 mL i.m. of DNA immunostimulant (Zelnate; ZEL) or sterile saline (CON). Once daily (0600) from d 0 to 12, a whole blood was obtained via jugular venipuncture for complete blood count (CBC) analysis and nasal swabs were collected to determine BHV-1 prevalence via virus isolation testing. A repeated measures mixed model was used to test the effect of treatment, day and their interaction for CBC variables. There was a treatment × day interaction for eosinophils (P = 0.02) and percent eosinophils (P = 0.03). Eosinophils were greater (P &lt; 0.01) for ZEL on d 3 and 6 post-dexamethasone challenge. On d 11 and 12, eosinophils for CON rebounded such that their concentration was greater than ZEL (P &lt; 0.01). Lymphocytes, neutrophil and monocyte concentration did not differ (P ≥ 0.44); however, a day effect (P ≤ 0.01) existed such that each variable increased transiently after dexamethasone challenge. All cattle had BHV-1 present in a nasal swab sample on at least one sample day, with prevalence of BHV-1 in nasal swab samples being greatest on d 5 (80% positive; P = 0.01). However, no treatment differences were detected for BHV-1 prevalence in this study. The DNA immunostimulant altered eosinophil concentrations but did not mitigate BHV-1 recrudesce after dexamethasone challenge

3 Administration of a DNA immunostimulant does not mitigate bovine herpesvirus-1 recrudescence in dexamethasone challenged beef cattle

Abstract The study objective was to determine the effect of a DNA immunostimulant on recrudescence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) after dexamethasone challenge in beef cattle. It was hypothesized that the DNA immunostimulant would mitigate stress-induced immunosuppression; thereby, reducing the incidence of BHV-1 recrudescence. Steers (n = 10) and heifers (n = 10; initial BW = 489 kg ± 57 kg) were stratified by pre-existing BHV-1 antibody titer, sex and initial BW and randomly assigned to treatment (n = 4 pens/treatment; 2 or 3 animals/pen). All calves were administered 40 mg of dexamethasone i.v. at 0600 h from d 0 to 2, 166-d subsequent to BHV-1 challenge with 1.0 × 108 plaque-forming units per nostril. On d 1, calves were administered treatments consisting of 2 mL i.m. of DNA immunostimulant (Zelnate; ZEL) or sterile saline (CON). Once daily (0600) from d 0 to 12, a whole blood was obtained via jugular venipuncture for complete blood count (CBC) analysis and nasal swabs were collected to determine BHV-1 prevalence via virus isolation testing. A repeated measures mixed model was used to test the effect of treatment, day and their interaction for CBC variables. There was a treatment × day interaction for eosinophils (P = 0.02) and percent eosinophils (P = 0.03). Eosinophils were greater (P &lt; 0.01) for ZEL on d 3 and 6 post-dexamethasone challenge. On d 11 and 12, eosinophils for CON rebounded such that their concentration was greater than ZEL (P &lt; 0.01). Lymphocytes, neutrophil and monocyte concentration did not differ (P ≥ 0.44); however, a day effect (P ≤ 0.01) existed such that each variable increased transiently after dexamethasone challenge. All cattle had BHV-1 present in a nasal swab sample on at least one sample day, with prevalence of BHV-1 in nasal swab samples being greatest on d 5 (80% positive; P = 0.01). However, no treatment differences were detected for BHV-1 prevalence in this study. The DNA immunostimulant altered eosinophil concentrations but did not mitigate BHV-1 recrudesce after dexamethasone challenge

New Prognosis Score Including Absolute Lymphocytes/Monocytes Ratio and Beta2microglobulin in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Treated with R-CHOP: Spanish Lymphoma Group Experience (GELTAMO)

IntroductionDLBCL is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma and a heterogeneous subtype from the biological and clinical point of view. 20-40% of the patients relapse so it is important to identify a high risk population that could benefit from different therapeutic approaches. For this purpose, several scores have been developed. The IPI has been the most widely used but lacks the ability to identify this very high risk population in Rituximab era. Low absolute lymphocyte count and high levels of blood monocytes have shown to be unfavorable risk factors. The red cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with aging and active inflammatory processes and beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) with tumor load and proliferation as well as comorbidities such as kidney failure. All these variables are easily obtainable at the time of diagnosis.Patients and methodsFrom the national database of GELTAMO-IPI Project, we selected those patients with DLBCL homogeneously treated with R-CHOP ± radiotherapy. The complete blood count (CBC) values were standardized using the normal reference values of each centre. The survival analysis was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method. The comparison between variables was performed through Log-Rank test and multivariate analysis with Cox regression. The CBC quantitative variables cut points were calculated through MAXSTAT. A new prognosis score was generated taking into account the results of multivariate analysis for progression free survival (PFS), spliting the sample in two cohorts (discovery and validation).ResultsNine hundred and ninety-two patients with DLBCL were retrospectively analyzed with a median follow up of 55 months (12-185). The characteristic of the patients are summarized in table 1. In the multivariate analysis, age, ECOG, stage, bulky mass, B2M, RDW and lymphocytes/monocytes ratio (LMR) were significantly independent variables for PFS. A new prognosis score was generated with these variables including age categorized in 3 groups (18-64, 65-80 y >80) with 0, 1 y 2 points, ECOG>3-4 with 2 points, stage III-IV, bulky mass, high B2M, LMR<2.25 and RDW>0.96 with 1 point each for a maximum of 9. This score could improve the discrimination of a very high risk subgroup with a 5-year PFS of 17% (Figure 1) versus 45%, 52%, 32% or 29% of R-IPI, NCCN-IPI, R-TS and GELTAMO-IPI, respectively and 5-year overall survival (OS) of 20% (Figure 2) versus 59%, 46%, 45% and 40% for R-IPI, NCCN-IPI, R-TS and GELTAMO-IPI.ConclusionA new prognosis score including easily obtainable CBC variables (LMR and RDW) and B2M is presented. This score identifies a high risk population both for PFS and OS in comparison with other scores for DLBCL. The addition of other biological or image markers could improve these results. [Display omitted] DisclosuresMartín:Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses; Servier: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses. Sancho:SERVIER: Honoraria; JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; MUNDIPHARMA: Honoraria; SANOFI: Honoraria; GILEAD: Honoraria, Research Funding; KERN FHARMA: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; CELGENE: Honoraria; ROCHE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

Risk stratification based on components of the complete blood count in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A classification and regression tree analysis

To develop a risk stratification model based on complete blood count (CBC) components in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using a classification and regression tree (CART) method. CBC variables and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores were determined in 2,693 patients with ACS. The CART analysis was performed to classify patients into different homogeneous risk groups and to determine predictors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) at 1-year follow-up. The CART algorithm identified the white blood cell count, hemoglobin, and mean platelet volume levels as the best combination to predict MACE risk. Patients were stratified into three categories with MACE rates ranging from 3.0% to 29.8%. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated MACE risk increased with the ascending order of the CART risk categories. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the CART risk categories independently predicted MACE risk. The predictive accuracy of the CART risk categories was tested by measuring discrimination and graphically assessing the calibration. Furthermore, the combined use of the CART risk categories and GRACE scores yielded a more accurate predictive value for MACEs. Patients with ACS can be readily stratified into distinct prognostic categories using the CART risk stratification tool on the basis of CBC components.

Evaluation of supervised machine-learning algorithms to distinguish between inflammatory bowel disease and alimentary lymphoma in cats.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and alimentary lymphoma (ALA) are common gastrointestinal diseases in cats. The very similar clinical signs and histopathologic features of these diseases make the distinction between them diagnostically challenging. We tested the use of supervised machine-learning algorithms to differentiate between the 2 diseases using data generated from noninvasive diagnostic tests. Three prediction models were developed using 3 machine-learning algorithms: naive Bayes, decision trees, and artificial neural networks. The models were trained and tested on data from complete blood count (CBC) and serum chemistry (SC) results for the following 3 groups of client-owned cats: normal, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or alimentary lymphoma (ALA). Naive Bayes and artificial neural networks achieved higher classification accuracy (sensitivities of 70.8% and 69.2%, respectively) than the decision tree algorithm (63%, p < 0.0001). The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for classifying cases into the 3 categories was 83% by naive Bayes, 79% by decision tree, and 82% by artificial neural networks. Prediction models using machine learning provided a method for distinguishing between ALA-IBD, ALA-normal, and IBD-normal. The naive Bayes and artificial neural networks classifiers used 10 and 4 of the CBC and SC variables, respectively, to outperform the C4.5 decision tree, which used 5 CBC and SC variables in classifying cats into the 3 classes. These models can provide another noninvasive diagnostic tool to assist clinicians with differentiating between IBD and ALA, and between diseased and nondiseased cats.

Mean platelet volume and red cell distribution width to platelet ratio for predicting the severity of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

We designed this study to investigate the relationship between the severity of fibrosis and mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width, and red cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Overall, 98 biopsy-proven naïve CHC cases were enrolled in the study. Complete blood count variables, including white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet count, MPV, red cell distribution width, platelet distribution width as well as aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, albumin, and other routine biochemical parameters, were tested. Liver biopsy samples were assessed according to the Ishak scoring system. Data analyses were carried out using SPSS-15 software. Statistical significance was set at a P-value of less than 0.05. Of the 98 cases, 80 (81.6%) were men and 18 (18.4%) were women. Fibrosis scores of 69 cases (70.4%) (group 1) were less than 3, whereas 29 cases had fibrosis scores at least 3 (29.6%) (group 2). Significant differences in MPV and RPR were observed between these two groups (MPV: 8.19±1.002 vs. 8.63±0.67 fl, P<0.05; RPR: 0.0526±0.02 vs. 0.0726±0.02, P=0.001). The areas under the curve of the RPR and MPV for predicting significant fibrosis were 0.705 and 0.670, which was superior to the aspartate transaminase-to-alanine transaminase ratio and aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index scores of the study group. Cut-off values were calculated for diagnostic performance, and the cut-off values for MPV and RPR were 8.5 and 0.07 fl, respectively. MPV and RPR values were significantly higher in patients with CHC, associated with severity, and can be used to predict advanced histological liver damage. The use of MPV and RPR may reduce the need for liver biopsy. Further studies are required to determine the relationship between these parameters and the severity of fibrosis in hepatitis C patients.