Complete Assignment Research Articles

Moodle-Based Development of Primary Education under Martial Law

A specific feature of the organization of education during wartime is the creation of a modern educational environment for the harmonious development of students in conditions of war. The substantiation of ways of developing qualities, values and competences of primary school students is important for solving a number of contradictions between the quality training of students to be competitive in the process of building labour relations at age stages, and the insufficient level of their real preparation for productive activities. There is also a contradiction between a significant volume of promising information in the conditions of rapidly changing technologies and unadjusted educational environment to innovative changes in terms of its analysis and use. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the Moodle platform on the academic performance of primary schoolers under martial law. The aim was achieved through the use of the following methods: questionnaire survey, testing, methods of statistical analysis. It was found that the introduction of the modernized curriculum in the Moodle platform had a positive effect on the academic performance of the students of the experimental group (EG) compared to the students who used the traditional platform. The crosswords, interactive assignments, as well as animated videos in case of correct completion of tests were also added to encourage students to complete additional assignments after the lesson. This also affected the positive result of the final stage of testing. A promising direction for further research may be the development of interactive tasks for primary schoolers to better assimilate the material they have learned.

Molecular Characterization and Quantification of Saponins from Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. altissima)

Consumer demand for sustainably and ecologically produced food has grown in recent years. However, for numerous reasons, this demand has not always been met. New solutions are still being sought, particularly in the area of emulsifiers, an integral ingredient of many food products. The biggest challenge is the limited scope of application offered by current alternatives. While some progress has been made using foam active quillaja saponins, they are neither pleasant‐tasting nor sustainably produced. Only very little is known about other alternatives, and especially the behavior of saponins, particularly on a molecular level, is not very well understood. Moreover, it is often not known which parts of a plant contain the highest levels of saponins and are therefore most suitable for extraction.To expand the current level of knowledge about emulsifying and foam active extracts, saponin extracts were made from oat bran, beetroot as well as sugar beet and characterized in close cooperation with the Department of Food Physics and Meat Science at the University of Hohenheim. Measurements conducted on these extracts showed that foam activity is a good indicator of their emulsifying ability. The most promising one ‐ sugar beet extract ‐ was examined in more detail using taste dilution analysis, which revealed saponin fractions with a slight off‐taste and high foam activity. A series of eight saponins was obtained from these fractions and further characterized, together with three commercially available ones that were identified using non‐targeted screening. The unequivocal identification and structure elucidation was performed using a combination of liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) and both one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For most substances, this was the first time that a complete assignment of 1H and 13C NMR signals had been made. All of these saponins possess taste recognition values above 1000 μmol/L, which is higher than most values for the taste‐ active saponins reported in the literature. The foam activity of these substances was measured using a self‐developed small‐scale foam activity assay. It was measured for different concentrations of saponins in a buffer solution. The foam activity of numerous other saponins was also determined, resulting in the most comprehensive overview of the foam activities of individual saponins.In addition to these isolation and characterization activities, an LC‐MS/MS method of performing simultaneous quantitative analyses of all the obtained sugar beet saponins was developed and validated. These were quantified in several sugar beet varieties (root and leaves), different sugar beet compartments, and side streams originating during the sugar beet converting process. Great variations in mass fractions were found in these materials, ranging from 862 mg/kg to 2,452 mg/kg for the various sugar beet root varieties and from 907 mg/kg to 5,398 mg/kg for the sugar beet leave varieties. Sugar beet fiber was identified as the best saponin source, with a total saponin quantity of 12.7 g/kg, followed by dried sugar beet pulp, with a total quantity of 10.3 g/kg. As a by‐product stream, dried sugar beet pulp is highly suitable for the sustainable manufacture of saponins.The results obtained are of key significance to the utilization of sugar beet saponins as well as saponins extracted from other plant materials or by‐product streams for use as food additives.

Analisis Lingkungan Belajar Siswa Kelas 4 SD Gembong 02 Ditinjau Dari Teori Behavioristik

The purpose of this research is to analyze the learning environment of grade 4 SD Gembong 02 students in terms of behavioristic theory.The research method used is narrative qualitative. This research is focused on looking at the student learning environment in terms of behavioristic theory. The research was conducted at Gembong 02 Elementary School. The informants in this study were class IV children. Data collection techniques used are 1) documentation; 2) interviews; and 3) observation. In analyzing qualitative data, three stages were carried out, namely: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.The results of the study found that the learning environment influenced the learning behavior shown by students. The learning environment greatly influences the behavior shown by children when learning at school. A fun learning environment will show students who are active, passionate and enthusiastic when learning. Meanwhile, an unpleasant learning environment will tend to show students who are less active in the teaching and learning process and show poor learning behavior.Students feel happy and enthusiastic about participating in learning when students study in groups. When studying in groups, cooperation is needed to complete assignments so that students can do group work well. In carrying out assignments students can interact with their friends and collaborate so that they can stimulate students' abilities to behave well in learning.

Korean University Students' Attitudes, Perceptions, and Evaluations of Asynchronous Online Education in Korean Higher Education

Asynchronous online learning is an educational approach in which students can access course materials and complete assignments independently, without synchronous participation by an instructor or peers. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many higher education institutions implemented online education for university students. This research recognizes the importance of online education and focuses on Korean university students' experiences of asynchronous online education in Korean higher education. The study implemented a mixed method approach that used a course exit survey (n = 44) and focus-group interviews (n = 6) to examine Korean university students' perceptions, attitudes, and evaluations of asynchronous online education. The study found that online courses provide a flexible learning environment for university students. Also, university students were highly satisfied with asynchronous online courses and were willing to retake online courses next semester. Furthermore, students' evaluations indicated that online education effectively achieved the course goal. However, the interview data exposed some challenges posed by asynchronous online education. For example, if the course content was practice-based, including field practicum, students preferred a face-to-face course with the on-site instructor. Finally, several implications are discussed for effectively constructing asynchronous online education in higher education.

Tugas Mandiri Siswa sebagai Implementasi Pembelajaran Kurikulum 2013 untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Mengajar Guru

The background of this research is that students have difficulty understanding subjects, the process is not as expected, students pay less attention to teacher explanations while studying at school, and students do not complete teacher assignments. The aim of the study was to analyze the form of independent assignments for elementary school students at SD N 2 Rendeng Kudus in terms of the concept of learning theory. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that structured assignments were used by the teacher as a student s independent task with the concept of behavioristic learning theory in learning at SD N 2 Rendeng because the teacher used teacher centered learning. With these results it is expected that teachers can improve the quality of teaching in the use of media and learning models in accordance with the 2013 curriculum.

Synthesis, NMR, IR, Raman spectra and DFT calculations of 1‐octyl‐1,4‐diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octan‐1‐ium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

In this study, a novel [C8DABCO+] [(CF3SO2)2N−] ionic liquid (IL) was prepared by an alkylation reaction and then characterized it by experimental 1H-, 13C-, and 19F-NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopies together with B3LYP/6-311G** calculations in gas phase and aqueous solution to confirm its structure. DSC and TGA measurements show that it can be classified as a thermally stable ionic liquid. Three different structures (I), (II) and (III) were proposed for the IL with Cis and Trans positions of CF3 groups of anion evidencing better correlations among experimental and predicted spectra for structure (III). Strong S-O···H interactions were predicted in the gas phase while in solution the C-F···H distance is shorter (2.654 Å) than the S-O···H ones (2.827 Å). The analysis of MK charges reveals the presence of positive charges on quaternary N23 atoms both in vaccum and in solution; conversely positive Mulliken charges reside on O49 and O50 in the gas phase, while negative ones are found in solution. Molecular Electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces support the electrophilic sites on quaternary N23 while the nucleophilic sites are observed on O, N and F atoms of the anion. NBO and AIM calculations reveal the characteristics of cation-anion interactions in the two media, as supported by the different f(νN-C), f(νSO2), f(δSO2) and f(δCH2) force constants values. Gap values suggest that [C8DABCO+] [(CF3SO2)2N−] is less reactive than [C8DABCO+] [Br−] while the characteristics of frontier orbitals justify the cation-anion interactions and support the important role of 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) in the properties of [C8DABCO+] [(CF3SO2)2N−] IL in both media. The complete assignments of 174 vibration modes expected for [C8DABCO+] [(CF3SO2)2N−] IL are reported together with the scaled force constants.

Complete non-proline backbone resonance assignments of the S. aureus neutrophil serine protease inhibitor, EapH1.

The S. aureus extracellular adherence protein (Eap) and its homologs, EapH1 and EapH2, serve roles in evasion of the human innate immune system. EapH1 binds with high-affinity and inhibits the neutrophil azurophilic granule proteases neutrophil elastase, cathepsin-G and proteinase-3. Previous structural studies using X-ray crystallography have shown that EapH1 binds to neutrophil elastase and cathepsin-G using a globally similar binding mode. However, whether the same holds true in solution is unknown and whether the inhibitor experiences dynamic changes following binding remains uncertain. To facilitate solution-phase structural and biochemical studies of EapH1 and its complexes with neutrophil granule proteases, we have characterized EapH1 by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. Here we report a total of 100% of the non-proline backbone resonance assignments of EapH1 with BMRB accession number 50,304.

Solution NMR backbone assignment of the SASH1 SLy proteins associated disordered region (SPIDER).

SASH1 is a scaffold protein with context-dependent biological functions in cell adhesion, tumor metastasis, lung development, and pigmentation. As a member of the SLy protein family, it contains the conserved SLY, SH3, and SAM domains. The 19 kDa SLY domain harbors over 70% of the SASH1 variants associated with pigmentation disorders. However, its solution structure or dynamics have not been investigated yet, and its exact position in the sequence is not clearly defined. Based on the bioinformatic and experimental evidence, we propose renaming this region to the SLy Proteins Associated Disordered Region (SPIDER) and defining the exact position to be amino acids 400-554 of SASH1. We have previously identified a variant in this region linked to a pigmentation disorder, S519N. Here, we used a novel deuteration technique, a suite of TROSY-based 3D NMR experiments, and a high-quality HNN to obtain near complete solution backbone assignment of SASH1's SPIDER. A comparison with the chemical shifts of non-variant (S519) SPIDER shows that the S519N substitution does not alter the free form solution structural propensities of SPIDER. This assignment is the first step to characterize the role of SPIDER in SASH1-mediated cellular functions and provides a model for the future study of sister SPIDER domains in the SLy protein family.

Structural Requirements for Ga3+ Coordination in Synthetic Analogues of the Siderophore Piscibactin Deduced by Chemical Synthesis and Density Functional Theory Calculations.

Stereoselective total synthesis of several analogues of piscibactin (Pcb), the siderophore produced by different pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, was performed. The acid-sensitive α-methylthiazoline moiety was replaced by a more stable thiazole ring, differing in the configuration of the OH group at the C-13 position. The ability of these Pcb analogues to form complexes with Ga3+ as a mimic of Fe3+ showed that the configuration of the hydroxyl group at C-13 as 13S is crucial for the chelation of Ga3+ to preserve the metal coordination, while the presence of a thiazole ring instead of the α-methylthiazoline moiety does not affect such coordination. A complete 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift assignment of the diastereoisomer mixtures around C9/C10 was done for diagnostic stereochemical disposition. Additionally, density functional theory calculations were performed not only for confirming the stereochemistry of the Ga3+ complex among the six possible diastereoisomers but also for deducing the ability of these to form octahedral coordination spheres with gallium. Finally, the lack of antimicrobial activity of Pcb and Pcb thiazole analogue Ga3+ complexes against Vibrio anguillarum agrees with one of the roles of siderophores in protecting pathogens from metal ion toxicity. The efficient metal coordination shown by this scaffold suggests its possible use as a starting point for the design of new chelating agents or vectors for the development of new antibacterials that exploit the "Trojan horse" strategy using the microbial iron uptake mechanisms. The results obtained will be of great help in the development of biotechnological applications for these types of compounds.

NMR sample optimization and backbone assignment of a stabilized neurotensin receptor

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in a multitude of cellular signaling cascades and consequently are a prominent target for pharmaceutical drugs. In the past decades, a growing number of high-resolution structures of GPCRs has been solved, providing unprecedented insights into their mode of action. However, knowledge on the dynamical nature of GPCRs is equally important for a better functional understanding, which can be obtained by NMR spectroscopy. Here, we employed a combination of size exclusion chromatography, thermal stability measurements and 2D-NMR experiments for the NMR sample optimization of the stabilized neurotensin receptor type 1 (NTR1) variant HTGH4 bound to the agonist neurotensin. We identified the short-chain lipid di-heptanoyl-glycero-phosphocholine (DH7PC) as a promising membrane mimetic for high resolution NMR experiments and obtained a partial NMR backbone resonance assignment. However, internal membrane-incorporated parts of the protein were not visible due to lacking amide proton back-exchange. Nevertheless, NMR and hydrogen deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry experiments could be used to probe structural changes at the orthosteric ligand binding site in the agonist and antagonist bound states. To enhance amide proton exchange we partially unfolded HTGH4 and observed additional NMR signals in the transmembrane region. However, this procedure led to a higher sample heterogeneity, suggesting that other strategies need to be applied to obtain high-quality NMR spectra of the entire protein. In summary, the herein reported NMR characterization is an essential step toward a more complete resonance assignment of NTR1 and for probing its structural and dynamical features in different functional states.

Elagolix Sodium Salt and Its Synthetic Intermediates: A Spectroscopic, Crystallographic, and Conformational Study.

Elagolix sodium salt is the first marketed orally active non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist (GnRHR-ant) for the management of hormone dependent diseases, such as endometriosis and uterine fibroids. Despite its presence on the market since 2018, a thorough NMR analysis of this drug, together with its synthetic intermediates, is still lacking. Hence, with the aim of filling this literature gap, we here performed a detailed NMR investigation, which allowed the complete assignment of the 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR signals. These data allowed, with the support of the conformational analysis, the determination of the stereochemical profile of the two atropisomers, detectable in solution. Moreover, these latter were also detected by means of cellulose-based chiral HPLC, starting from a sample prepared through an implemented synthetic procedure with respect to the reported ones. Overall, these results contribute to further understanding of the topic of atropisomerism in drug discovery and could be applied in the design of safe and stable analogs, endowed with improved target selectivity.

Density functional studies of antimony complexes derived from carboxamide ligands

The anti-leishmanial activity of antimony (III) complexes [1a-3a] bearing carboxamide ligands has been reported in the literature. In this study, a complete assignment of the vibrational spectra of these complexes was performed using the Scaled Quantum Mechanics Force Field (SQMFF) methodology in the solid phase at the DFT/ B3LYP/ LanL2DZ level. Quantum chemical descriptors (FMO, hardness, softness, etc) of these complexes were calculated to investigate the relationship between the calculated descriptors and their anti-leishmanial activities. As the softness of the complexes increased, the anti-leishmanial activity also increased. No correlation was found between the vibrational frequencies of the complexes and anti-leishmania activity.

NMR resonance assignment of a fibroblast growth factor 8 splicing isoform b

The splicing isoform b of human fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8b) is an important regulator of brain embryonic development. Here, we report the almost complete NMR chemical shift assignment of the backbone and aliphatic side chains of FGF8b. Obtained chemical shifts are in good agreement with the previously reported X-ray data, excluding the N-terminal gN helix, which apparently forms only in complex with the receptor. The reported data provide an NMR starting point for the investigation of FGF8b interaction with its receptors and with potential drugs or inhibitors.

Spectral (vibrational, fluorescence), electronic features and molecular docking studies of 3-(5‑chloro-benzofuran-3-ylmethyl)-5-(4‑methoxy-phenyl)-4H-[1,2,4] triazole using experimental and DFT methods

This study examine the experimental and computational properties of 3-(5‑chloro-benzofuran-3-ylmethyl)-5-(4‑methoxy-phenyl)-4H-[1,2,4] triazole (CBT) based on the density functional theory (DFT). All the computational calculations for the investigated structure were carried out at the theoretical level B3LYP/6–311++G (d, p). The experimental and computational infrared spectra of the molecule were investigated, and complete vibrational assignments were performed on the basis of the potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes, Additionally, these compounds' solvatochromic behavior has been inspected, and values of the excited-state dipole moment are higher than the ground state for CBT and it is more polar in the excited state than in the ground state. Along with these studies, we have also conducted electronic structure characteristics. The energy gap of CBT was computed from Frontier Molecular Orbital (FMO) and it was observed at 4.91 eV Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) gives the information about the charge distribution on the molecule, and Fukui function analyses have supported to find out the electronic properties of the molecule. Drug likeness studies shows that, HBA and HBD results are 4 and 1, respectively and these were agreed with the standard values. Molecular docking analysis has been conducted against inflammation species such as COX-2, α-Glucosidase, p38α MAP kinase, and EGFR with CBT. These results show good inhibitory activity against COX-2 receptor.

Synthesis, structure determination, NBO analysis and vibrational/electronic spectroscopic study of Iron(II) Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) [Fe(DDTC)2

This work deals with the synthesis, computational molecular modeling, and vibrational/electronic spectroscopic analysis of the coordination complex [Fe(DDTC)2]. The complex was synthesized according to the guidelines provided by the graphical method. The optimization of the molecular structure was performed using Density Functional Theory with the exchange functional B3LYP and basis set 6–311G(d,p). The experimental FT-IR and Raman spectra of the complex were recorded in the range of 4000–0 cm−1 to correlate them with the calculated spectra. Most of the DFT calculated frequencies agreed with the experimental results, and complete vibrational assignments (including metal-ligand) were made. To investigate the internal electronic mobility of the complex, we performed natural bond orbital analysis (NBO), which provided information regarding intramolecular charge transfer interactions resulting from the overlapping of bonding and antibonding orbitals. The NBO analysis also provided information about the electronic distribution between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals due to charge transfers. We found that the NBO analysis provided the main charge transfers between donor and acceptor atoms, and the HOMO-LUMO energy gap revealed that the complex has high kinetic stability. We also correlated the calculated and experimental UV–Vis spectra to investigate the configurations of several excited states of the complex that involve intra-ligand transitions. The charge transfer and d-d (Laporte Forbidden) bands were assigned. The results also corroborate the existence of several Ligand to Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) and Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) transitions, as well as d-d transitions. We found that the experimental vibrational spectra agreed with the theoretical ones.

Proto-professionalism: Opportunities for student learning and service to homeless people

The concepts of professionalism including ethical practice, reflection, self-awareness, respect, teamwork and social responsibility are present in the healthcare curriculum but rarely learned in combination. The concepts can be combined when students receive practical experiences on the challenges of delivering health and social care to populations experiencing poverty and disadvantage. We report on work with homeless people in our local communities designed to align social accountability responsibilities with healthcare curricula through a student volunteering project; initially established in a medical school. Using an ethical approach we developed this learning through a staff-student-community partnership. The outcome was learning consisting of theoretical teaching, practice learning and the potential to volunteer. We report on the development phases over several years (2013-2017). The pedagogical evaluation used a sequential mixed methods approach. One hundred and ninety-five student participants scored pre- and post-questionnaires. Of these 75% completed reflective assignments and many went on to volunteer. Twenty of those who volunteered participated in one-to-one interviews. Scored data were analysed statistically and reflective written materials were analysed using content analysis. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. The learning was positively experience and students reported changed attitudes and understandings of homelessness. Practice-placements and volunteering further enhanced these insights and student’s perceptions of readiness for clinical practice. This can be described as proto-professionalism. The student-staff-community partnership offers an ethical platform on which to build sustainable local outreach projects. The students gained a deeper appreciation of social injustice for homeless people.

Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Tugas Terhadap Tingkat Burnout Mahasiswa PPNS

Higher education aims to hone the abilities and competencies needed in the future. In the lecture process, students required to complete assignments. The large number of assignments makes students often cause burnout. The technique applied is quantitative techniques using cross-sectional design. Sampling using questionnaires with a variable number of tasks and a variable burnout rate the value of the regression coefficient for the number of tasks shows a value of 0.853, indicating that the variable number of tasks has a positive influence on the burnout rate. The variable significance value of the number of tasks is 0.28, where the value is 0.05. The results of the hypothesis test prove that the number of tasks had a substantial and positive caused on the burnout rate.

ANALYSIS OF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES AND STUDENT MORAL RESPONSIBILITIES

The learning process does not always run smoothly. Under certain conditions, various obstacles may be encountered so that students often do not attend classes, do not complete class assignments, and are late for re-registration. This research examines learning difficulties and students' moral responsibilities. The study used a qualitative method with a case study approach to 55 students of Civics Study Program. The research period lasts for six months, namely throughout the even semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. From the research results, the following conclusions are obtained: 1) student learning difficulties are caused by factors of low student basic skills, interest, motivation, economic conditions, environment, facilities and infrastructure. 2) Students have not shown moral responsibility to complete academic assignments. If this is not addressed immediately, then not only will learning not achieve the expected results, but furthermore, responsible Indonesian citizens will not be created.

ANALISIS KEBIASAAN BELAJAR PADA SISWA BERPRESTASI AKADEMIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR

This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Sampling of data sources was carried out by purposive sampling. The purpose of the study was to analyze the study habits of students with academic achievement ranking one to three in elementary schools. The subjects of this study were students in grades one to three in grades II, III, IV, V and VI at SDN Parakan 01. The results of the analysis showed that the study habits of students with academic achievements ranked one to three had good study habits and differed among other students when the learning process took place at home or at home. at school. Academic achievement students have a regular study schedule, have an interest in reading textbooks or books of various knowledge, take notes on material lessons with structured and neat writing, use free time to complete assignments, concentrate while studying, have facilities that support learning, have space comfortable learning, have 2D or 3D learning media and information technology tools as a means of learning, have a variety of books such as theme books, history books and other knowledge books that are used to support learning, like quiet learning conditions and enjoy learning with other friends at school. his class. All good study habits in academically achieving students occur because of the guidance when doing learning carried out by teachers and parents.

Ab Initio Study of the Electronic Structure and Lattice Dynamics of Scheelite Type AgTcO4

To build a safe, sustainable, and reliable disposal system for radioactive waste from the nuclear industry, researchers need to understand the physical and chemical aspects of technetium (Tc)‐based oxides. Here, structure–property correlation studies of scheelite‐type are performed using ab initio calculations. The full phonon dispersion studies reveal the dynamical stability of this compound. The partial phonon density of states, including the complete mode assignment of the vibrational frequencies, shows the maximum involvement of silver (Ag) atoms in the low‐frequency range, while high contribution of oxygen atoms and average contribution from Tc atoms are found throughout the frequency region. The electronic band structure shows that the main contribution to the bottom of the conduction band is Tc d states with a minor contribution from oxygen p states, while the top of the valence band is from Ag d states, which are responsible for the electronic transitions. The frequency‐dependent dielectric functions and computed optical properties show near‐isotropy behavior and, together with absorption peak in the low‐energy range, indicate that may be a good phosphor when doped with a suitable activator. The estimations are grounded by the available experimental data and also deliver direction for distinct and futuristic applications of .