Complementary Forces Research Articles

Performance analysis of machine learning models for AQI prediction in Gorakhpur City: a critical study.

Air pollution and climate change are two complementary forces that directly or indirectly affect the environment's physical, chemical, and biological processes. The air quality index is a parameter defined to cope with this effect of air pollution. This study delves deeper into predicting this AQI parameter using multiple machine learning-based models. The AQI pollutants considered for this study are particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), SO2, and NO2. It also tries to develop a comparative analysis of two different machine learning (ML) models viz. a viz. XGBoost and Lasso regression. An ever-changing emission concentration of pollutants is displayed by this study conducted in the urban city of Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh, India. The validation of prediction accuracies of models was done over several statistical metrics. The value of the R2 metric for XGBoost (0.9985) is comparatively more than the R2 value for Lasso regression (0.9218) indicating lesser variance and higher accuracy of XGBoost in predicting AQI. Various statistical measures are taken into consideration in this study, including mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), T-test and p-values, and confidence intervals (CI). An increased degree of model accuracy is suggested as XGBoost's MAE, MSE, and RMSE values are significantly lower than Lasso's. Statistically significant performance differences between the XGBoost and Lasso regression models are demonstrated by T-statistics and p-values for MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R2.

The Dynamic Interplay of Tradition and Innova-tion: An Ethnographic Study of Bengaluru’s Urban Landscape

Abstract: The paper delves into the dynamic interplay of tradition and innovation in Bengaluru. Through ethnographic research and urban analysis, we explore how the city’s streets mirror its rich cultural heritage and technological progress. From Avenue Road's bustling markets to Malleswaram's serene lanes, Bengaluru's locations reveal a harmonious blend of customs and advancements. These streets, hosting ancient temples beside skyscrapers and traditional eateries alongside fusion cuisine, are vibrant stages of coexisting narratives. Furthermore, areas like Koramangala and Basavanagudi showcase the city’s entrepreneurial spirit and artisanal preservation. Our findings highlight Bengaluru’s streets as catalysts of creativity and innovation, illustrating that tradition and modernity are complementary forces shaping the urban landscape. This research offers insights into Bengaluru’s evolving identity, presenting it as a nexus of cultural heritage and technological dynamism.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Human and AI-Generated Endorsers in Advertising Campaigns

This review explores the contrasting roles of machine-driven and human endorsers in advertising campaigns, assessing their ability to engage consumer visual attention. With its ability to tailor content and predict consumer responses, the machine-driven approach has brought new dimensions to advertising, though its influence may differ across various demographic groups. Conversely, human endorsers substantially impact consumer decisions because they can form emotional bonds, enhance authenticity, and build trust. The review encourages a perspective that sees machine-driven and human endorsers not as rivals but as complementary forces, with further studies needed to investigate how to combine these elements best.

The Feminine Force in Early Daoist Thought

Abstract According to the Laozi one of the ways to cultivate and grasp Dao is through “remaining female” and “nourishing the mother.” The term mother is used in reference to the beginning of all existence—“the mother of all under heaven,” “the mother of all existences.” The mother is both an active force of generation and the concreteness of the generated beings. In this sense, the feminine attribute of motherhood is a living embodiment of Dao. In the world of myriad phenomena, the mother provides a location of interaction between “absence” and “presence,” between wu and you. In this paper, I suggest an analysis of the metaphor of mother and other “feminine roles” in early Daoist thought through a textual examination of the Laozi. Considering the intellectual background in Warring States period China in which the common understanding of the universe and all phenomena is revealed through the interactions of correlative and complementary forces, the esteem of one over the other—the feminine over the male, the mother over father—is outstanding and deserves serious investigation. The question is what can we learn from the feminine, what can femininity teach us about the world, its generation, and even political practice?

Yosemite toad (Anaxyrus canorus) transcriptome reveals interplay between speciation genes and adaptive introgression.

Genomes are heterogeneous during the early stages of speciation, with small 'islands' of DNA appearing to reflect strong adaptive differences, surrounded by vast seas of relative homogeneity. As species diverge, secondary contact zones between them can act as an interface and selectively filter through advantageous alleles of hybrid origin. Such introgression is another important adaptive process, one that allows beneficial mosaics of recombinant DNA ('rivers') to flow from one species into another. Although genomic islands of divergence appear to be associated with reproductive isolation, and genomic rivers form by adaptive introgression, it is unknown whether islands and rivers tend to be the same or different loci. We examined three replicate secondary contact zones for the Yosemite toad (Anaxyrus canorus) using two genomic data sets and a morphometric data set to answer the questions: (1) How predictably different are islands and rivers, both in terms of genomic location and gene function? (2) Are the adaptive genetic trait loci underlying tadpole growth and development reliably islands, rivers or neither? We found that island and river loci have significant overlap within a contact zone, suggesting that some loci are first islands, and later are predictably converted into rivers. However, gene ontology enrichment analysis showed strong overlap in gene function unique to all island loci, suggesting predictability in overall gene pathways for islands. Genome-wide association study outliers for tadpole development included LPIN3, a lipid metabolism gene potentially involved in climate change adaptation, that is island-like for all three contact zones, but also appears to be introgressing (as a river) across one zone. Taken together, our results suggest that adaptive divergence and introgression may be more complementary forces than currently appreciated.

Bet Hedging Is Not Sufficient to Explain Germination Patterns of a Winter Annual Plant.

AbstractBet hedging consists of life history strategies that buffer against environmental variability by trading off immediate and long-term fitness. Delayed germination in annual plants is a classic example of bet hedging and is often invoked to explain low germination fractions. We examined whether bet hedging explains low and variable germination fractions among 20 populations of the winter annual plant Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana that experience substantial variation in reproductive success among years. Leveraging 15 years of demographic monitoring and 3 years of field germination experiments, we assessed the fitness consequences of seed banks and compared optimal germination fractions from a density-independent bet-hedging model to observed germination fractions. We did not find consistent evidence of bet hedging or the expected trade-off between arithmetic and geometric mean fitness, although delayed germination increased long-term fitness in 7 of 20 populations. Optimal germination fractions were two to five times higher than observed germination fractions, and among-population variation in germination fractions was not correlated with risks across the life cycle. Our comprehensive test suggests that bet hedging is not sufficient to explain the observed germination patterns. Understanding variation in germination strategies will likely require integrating bet hedging with complementary forces shaping the evolution of delayed germination.

“A cold, hard asset”: Conservation resource spectacle in Chilean Patagonia

Chile’s public conservation estate has expanded by unprecedented margins in recent years, following the creation of several mega projects. One such project is the Route of Parks of Chilean Patagonia, a public–private partnership to protect nearly 30 million acres of land across 18 national parks at the bottom of the South American continent. The partnership, over two decades in the making, was proposed by the U.S-based philanthropic foundation Tompkins Conservation but rejected by previous presidential administrations before finally being accepted in 2017. This article traces the role of two complementary forces behind the project – big philanthropy and big conservation – showing how both shaped the state’s eventual decision to take historic action for environmental protection. I argue that resource spectacle is key to understanding the ‘how’ and ‘why now’ of this mega project. Whereas traditional resource spectacles are conjured to court buy-in from private actors for extractive projects, a conservation resource spectacle is conjured in this case to court buy-in from the state for a large-scale national parks project. Big philanthropy emphasizes the spectacular investability of national parks by selling them as “a cold, hard asset,” akin to Chile’s other natural resources. It does this by rendering the value of protected nature legible and consumable through the same resource-making techniques that define extractivism. Yet, these resource-making techniques when applied to environmental protection not only establish perverse incentives for action, they also help fuel the convergence of conservation and extraction.

Why Social Enterprises Resist or Collectively Improve Impact Assessment: The Role of Prior Organizational Experience and “Impact Lock-In”

This article examines how organizational experience influences social enterprise responses to impact assessment practices. Limited attention has been paid to why organizations resist or challenge impact assessment practices or how prior experience with impact assessment may shape organizational responses. The study draws on interviews with practitioners involved in social enterprise–impact investor dyads in Australia and the United Kingdom. The findings reveal that social enterprises enact either combative or collaborative responses in their relationships with impact investors based on past experiences with impact assessment. The study shows how more experienced social enterprises reach a state of impact lock-in—where they become committed to particular approaches to understanding, measuring, and reporting impact. The article contributes to the literature on impact assessment and impact investment by showing how organizational experience shapes divergent reactions to the demands imposed by impact investors, creating complementary forces of institutionalization and contestation of impact assessment practice.

The many faces of power.

When we talk about 'power', we're often referring to subjugation by external forces, to potentially abusive situations, to violence and to the objectification of humanity. In short, we often talk about power when we feel powerless, so we end up focusing on its destructive aspects. We experience a plethora of different powers: economic power, political power, religious power, the power of nature, parental power, the power of a boss or master. It's always an asymmetric relation; someone holds the reins of power, and the others must submit. Our psyche, whether on a collective or individual level, seeks to express itself and to be acknowledged. We fight to become, to realize our potential, to get ever closer to our individuation process. Power dynamics however, go beyond such collective (and frequently sombre) arrangements: power is also an essentially creative force. In this paper I want to discuss power as something intrinsic to all creation. Through the symbolic analysis of myths and legends, I argue for the need to integrate the deep feminine in the exercise of power in order to release and express its full potential. I also discuss the need for power, love and wisdom to work together as complementary forces.

Voluntary disclosure-cost of equity nexus and the moderating role of corporate governance: evidence from an extremely politically unstable context

Purpose Higher degree of and commitment to voluntary disclosure (VD) and corporate governance (CG) helps contain information asymmetry, leading to lower cost of equity (Ke). This study provides evidence on the nexus among VD, CG, and Ke from a context characterized by extreme political instability. Design/methodology/approach This study uses all non-bank companies listed with the Palestine Exchange during 2009–2018. The level of VD was estimated by using a checklist of 35 items modified for the context of Palestine. A second checklist with 19 items was used to measure the commitment of the Palestinian companies with CG requirements. Five proxies for Ke were tested: three ex-ante Capital Asset Pricing Model-like proxies and two ex-post realized return proxies. Findings The findings state that the VD negatively impacted Ke. Interaction effect of CG and VD helps reduce the Ke. As such, for firms with better CG, the increase in VD decreases the Ke more than their standalone effect. For control variables, leverage, size and growth of firms exhibited positive impacts on Ke, whereas quality of auditors found a negative connection. Practical implications Managers in similar context, like Palestine, may prefer flexibility of smaller size and adopt conservative growth strategies to cope with adverse events. Firms adopt CG and VD as complementary forces to tackle instability and market expectation. Originality/value Studies connecting VD-CG-Ke nexus from similar context are rare. Results of this study forward that emphasis on disclosure and governance practices will help boost the confidence of the investors, reduce the Ke and create an incentive for more investment.

Openness, Integrity, Inclusion, and Innovation in Scholarly Communication: Competing or Complementary Forces?

Openness, Integrity, Inclusion, and Innovation in Scholarly Communication: Competing or Complementary Forces?

Description and recognition of complex spatial configurations of object pairs with Force Banner 2D features

A major challenge in scene understanding is the handling of spatial relations between objects or object parts. Several descriptors dedicated to this task already exist, such as the force histogram which is a typical example of relative position descriptor. By computing the interaction between two objects for a given force in all the directions, it gives a good overview of the configuration, and it has useful properties that can make it invariant to the 2D viewpoint. Considering that using complementary forces (negative for repulsion, positive for attraction) should improve the description of complex spatial configurations, we propose to extend the force histogram to a panel of forces so as to make it a more complete descriptor. This gives a 2D descriptor that we called “(discrete) Force Banner” and which can be used as input of a classical Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), benefiting from their powerful performances, and reduced into more compact spatial features to use them in another system. As an illustration of its ability to describe spatial configurations, we used it to solve a classification problem aiming to discriminate simple spatial relations, but with variable configuration complexities. Experimental results obtained on datasets of synthetic and natural images with various shapes highlight the interest of this approach, in particular for complex spatial configurations.

Artificial Intelligence and Human Condition: Opposing Entities or Complementary Forces?

<div><p class="4">In the 21<sup>st</sup> century, artificial intelligence is a force that surpasses artificial intelligence in many aspects, because it has appeared in all fields of social life, from the Internet search engine that determines the taste and preference of obtaining digital information to the intelligent refrigerator that can issue purchase orders to maintain its availability when some food is exhausted. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the ethical, ontological and legal problems that may arise from the wide use of artificial intelligence in today’s society, as a preliminary attempt to solve the problems raised in the title. In terms of methodology, this is a paper prepared using written document sources, such as: literary works, international news articles and arbitration articles published in scientific journals. Its conclusion is that AI may change the lifestyle of the whole civilization in many ways, and even negatively change the human condition by changing human identity and genetic integrity, and weaken people’s leading role in building their own realityd.</p></div>

Artificial intelligence and the human condition: Opposing entities or complementary forces?

<p>In the 21st century<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span> artificial intelligence is constituted as a force that in many ways surpasses fiction, because in a certain way it is already present in all areas of social life, from internet search engines to determine tastes and preferences in accessing digital information, to intelligent refrigerators capable of issuing purchase orders to maintain the availability of certain foods as they run out. The aim of this essay is to analyze the possible ethical, ontological and legal issues arising from the widespread use of artificial intelligence in today’s societies, as a preliminary attempt to resolve the question posed in the title. Methodologically, it is an essay developed using written documentary sources, such as: Literary works, international press articles and refereed articles published in scientific journals. It is concluded, that AI have the potential to disrupt the lifestyles of civilization in general in many ways reaching, even, to alter the human condition in a negative way by changing its identity and genetic integrity and weakening the protagonist of people in the construction of their own realities.</p>

Artificial intelligence and the human condition: Opposing entities or complementary forces?

<p>In the 21st century<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span> artificial intelligence is constituted as a force that in many ways surpasses fiction, because in a certain way it is already present in all areas of social life, from internet search engines to determine tastes and preferences in accessing digital information, to intelligent refrigerators capable of issuing purchase orders to maintain the availability of certain foods as they run out. The aim of this essay is to analyze the possible ethical, ontological and legal issues arising from the widespread use of artificial intelligence in today’s societies, as a preliminary attempt to resolve the question posed in the title. Methodologically, it is an essay developed using written documentary sources, such as: Literary works, international press articles and refereed articles published in scientific journals. It is concluded, that AI have the potential to disrupt the lifestyles of civilization in general in many ways reaching, even, to alter the human condition in a negative way by changing its identity and genetic integrity and weakening the protagonist of people in the construction of their own realities.</p>

Cardiovascular autonomic nervous system dysfunction in chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease: disruption of the complementary forces.

Several nontraditional risk factors have been the focus of research in an attempt to understand the disproportionately high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) populations. One such category of risk factors is cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction. Its true prevalence in the CKD/ESKD population is unknown but existing evidence suggests it is common. Due to lack of standardized diagnostic and treatment options, this condition remains undiagnosed and untreated in many patients. In this review, we discuss current evidence pointing toward the role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in CKD, building off of crucial historical evidence and thereby highlighting the areas in need for future research interest. There are several key mediators and pathways leading to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in CKD and ESKD. We review studies exploring the mechanisms involved and discuss the current measurement tools and indices to evaluate the ANS and their pitfalls. There is a strong line of evidence establishing the temporal sequence of worsening autonomic function and kidney function and vice versa. Evidence linking ANS dysfunction and arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death, intradialytic hypotension, heart failure and hypertension are discussed. There is a need for early recognition and referral of CKD and ESKD patients suspected of cardiovascular ANS dysfunction to prevent the downstream effects described in this review.There are many unknowns in this area and a clear need for further research.

Coevolution of Networks and Beliefs in U.S. Environmental Risk Policy

Networks are an important part of the environmental policy process as they influence the ability of actors to synthesize information and learn to manage complex risks. According to the Advocacy Coalition Framework, the dynamics of policy network formation lead to structures exhibiting belief‐oriented segregation—that is, a high correspondence between shared beliefs and policy‐relevant interactions. These structures may be produced through at least two pathways: belief homophily, where actors actively seek out connections with others sharing their belief system, and policy‐oriented learning, where connected actors become more similar in their beliefs. The cross‐sectional design of much policy research does not allow an examination of these potentially complementary forces that shape belief systems and networks. These dynamics are studied using data on policy beliefs and networking in the U.S. environmental risk policy subsystem across two time periods, 1985 and 2000 (N = 223). Results indicate strong homophily effects, but relatively weak learning effects in the evolution of this policy network. This study helps pave the way for additional research on the dynamics shaping policy networks and beliefs, and helps to clarify the differences between individual versus organizational contributions to policy network evolution.

Milano, hub creativo per il sistema moda

The paper explores the extents to which the concept of hub is suitable to represent Milan’s role in the spatial, social and economic organization of the fashion industry. The system is spatially structured along two complementary forces: a strong embeddedness in the local society and an equally important internationalisation process. Through these analyses, the authors draw some reflections on the importance of the notion of hub for the urban policies.

Markets need morality: perspectives from Islam, Christianity, and China

PurposeThis paper aims to argue that markets need a foundation of morality to promote the long-run success of an economy.Design/methodology/approachThree types of ethical theories are discussed and compared with what the sacred scriptures of Islam and Christianity say and with what economic theory says. Examples from China are provided.FindingsMarkets need morality.Research limitations/implicationsThere are more religions in the world than just Islam and Christianity; however, space limitations force me to only consider those two religions. Furthermore, there are more countries in the world than just China. However, space limitations force me to only pull examples from China.Practical implicationsEconomists should recognize that markets need morality, and they should start teaching that to their students.Social implicationsIf markets are built on a foundation of ethics, then society prospers. In the absence of that foundation, societies falter. When a government, business and religious institutions see each other as complementary forces, then ethics can evolve.Originality/valueThe author knows of no other studies that explain the three types of ethical theories, compares those theories to what the sacred scriptures of Islam and Christianity say and to what economic theory says, and then uses examples from China to illustrate the need for morality.

Imagining Borders, Imagining Relationships

Abstract Conceptualizations of human borders will often refer to narratives of encounters, exchanges, and/or interactions that take place in two different but interrelated settings: one internal, between individuals or groups belonging to the space defined by the border; and one external, between such individuals or collectives and everything that is foreign to them. This integrating/distinguishing role of narratives underscores the imaginative process through which borders emerge, expressed with great poignancy in the fluidity and complexity of border-setting practices in late-modern societies. Paul Ricœur’s take on collective imagination and human action can be a tool to unearth some of the key conceptual features of such integration-distinction tension, by pointing to ways in which social imaginaries shape the liquidity and modality of borders in increasingly diverse communities. Ricœur’s analysis of the development of cultural imaginaries through the opposed yet complementary forces of ideology and utopia, and his exploration of the multi-layered character of mutual recognition, come together in an understanding of human persons – and communities – capable of imagining enlarged spaces of recognition. Richard Kearney complements this analysis with an account of narrative imagination that allows one to articulate the narrative origins of concrete human realities and practices, such as borders and border-setting. In this article, I make use of the contributions of Ricœur and Kearney to argue that a clear understanding social imagination is needed in order to account for the cultural matrix set by human borders, as well as to provide answers to the practical questions raised by concrete historical examples of borders and border-setting.