Complaints Of Dysmenorrhea Research Articles

The Effect of Dysmenorrhea Exercise on Reducing Primary Menstrual Pain (Dysmenorrhea) in Adolescent Girls at SMPN 3 Pabuaran, Subang Regency, Indonesia

Dysmenorrhea exercise is a type of exercise or physical exercise specifically designed to help reduce the symptoms of dysmenorrhea or severe menstrual pain. Dysmenorrhea is a common condition in most women and can cause pain, lower abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and other discomfort during the menstrual period. This study aimed to determine the effect of dysmenorrhea exercise on reducing primary menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in adolescent girls at SMPN 3 Pabuaran, Subang Regency, Indonesia. This study is experimental research with a pre-post-test approach. This study uses primary data obtained from direct observation of respondents. A total of 30 research subjects participated in this study, where the research subjects met the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria for the study were women of childbearing age with complaints of dysmenorrhoea at SMPN 3 Pabuaran, Subang Regency, Indonesia, who were willing to participate in this study. This study shows that dysmenorrhea exercise intervention is effective in reducing pain intensity in dysmenorrhea sufferers. There was a decrease in pain intensity after dysmenorrhea exercise and it was stated to be statistically different, p<0.05. In conclusion, there is an effect of dysmenorrhea exercises on reducing primary dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls at SMPN 3 Pabuaran, Subang Regency, Indonesia.

Ayurvedic management of Polycystic Ovarian Disorder - A case study

Background: Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is a complex heterogeneous disorder with involvement of endocrinopathies. Ayurveda does not correlate the condition to a single disease or syndrome but the symptoms bears a resemblance to involvement of Vata and Kapha Doshas. Ayurveda treats Poly Cystic Ovarian Disorder by correcting basic disturbances in metabolism, by restoring ovulation naturally by speeding up growth of follicles. The line of treatment for PCOS patient depends on the body constitution of patient, causative factors and symptoms shown. Case report: A 25-years female patient with her husband aged 28 years reported the OPD of Prasuti Tantra evam Streeroga, with the complaints of dysmenorrhoea, scanty menses, delayed menses, acidity, hairfall, and general weakness. Her ultrasonography reports revealed poly cystic like appearance of ovaries. Her menstrual cycle was 2 days/ 45 days, scanty, painful with few clots. Obstetric history was nil. Patient was given Kuberaksha vati, Kalaonji powder, Rasapachak kwatha, Granthiraja powder, and Navayas Churna for 4 months with followup taken every month. Result: After treatment, patients menstrual cycle was set gradually to normal i.e. 28 days. Her interval between menses was reduced. Significant relief was achieved in complaints of dysmenorrhoea and clots. Even her USG findings showed normal appearance of ovaries after treatment. Conclusion: This case supports the importance of personalised medication in management of poly cystic disorder. It also emphasizes the significance of Kuberaksha vati, Kalaonji powder, Rasapachak kwatha, Granthiraja powder, and Navayas Churna in reducing subjective ad objective signs and symptoms of Poly Cystic Ovarian Disorder. Further large scale clinic trial scan be helpful for drawing further conclusions.

Fertility Preserving Robotic Surgery for Infiltrating Bladder Endometriosis

<h3>Study Objective</h3> The uterus is normally lined by endometrium, when any other site has endometriotic tissue it is known as pathological endometriosis. If this endometroitic tissue is found in the gynaecologist most feared organ the bladder it is bladder endometriosis which is a rare entity almost to the tune of 1-2%. <h3>Design</h3> Mrs V, nulligravida with primary infertility presented to Gyane OPD with complaints of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and heavy menstrual bleeding for last one and a half years. She had cyclical hematuria. On history a strong clinical suspicion of bladder endometriosis was confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and MRI <h3>Setting</h3> Cystoscopy performed by Urologist reaffirmed the diagnosis of bladder endometriosis. A 3.5 × 2cms nodule was visualized in bladder mucosa on posterior wall away from the uteric orifice. Using operative cystoscopy transurethral coring of the endometroitic nodule in the bladder was uptil the muscularis. <h3>Patients or Participants</h3> 1 <h3>Interventions</h3> Robotic Fertility Sparing Surgery for Infiltrating Bladder Endometriosis <h3>Measurements and Main Results</h3> Multidisciplinary approach towards bladder endometriosis and complete disease resection <h3>Conclusion</h3> Bladder endometriosis can be diagnosed both clinically & radiologically. With the advent of robotic surgery, it has now become easier to perform such complex surgeries with better postoperative

Ovarian tuberculosis-A rare case report

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is one of the major concern in developing countries. It presents with various clinical features, hence most of the times it is difficult to make diagnosis on the basis of single investigation. Multiple investigations should be done simultaneously for making appropriate diagnosis. We report a rare case of a 50 years old female, diagnosed as ovarian tuberculosis, who presented with complaints of dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding and low grade fever for 4-6 months. Tuberculosis should always be kept in mind as the most common cause of granulomatous lesion in endemic regions.

Pengaruh Konsumsi Puding Bayam Merah terhadap Keluhan Dismenore dan Gejala Sindrom Premenstrual pada Remaja Putri

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of symptoms caused by hormonal changes that last about two weeks before menstruation until the start. In addition to hormonal changes (an increased estrogen hormone), several other contributing factors include vitamin and mineral deficiencies such as vitamin B, calcium, magnesium, lack of physical activity, and stress. This study aimed to find out more clearly the effect of consuming red spinach pudding on complaints of dysmenorrhea and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in adolescent girls. This study used a Quasy Experiment with a two-group pretest-posttest design with a total sample of 60 people. Based on the linear regression analysis results after controlling for the confounding variables BMI and HB levels, the mean reduction in PMS scores in the intervention group was 2.44 and in the control group was 0.54. The mean difference between groups was 2.98, with a p-value = 0.009. The results showed a decrease in the mean premenstrual syndrome score in the group of young women who consumed red spinach pudding.

A cohort study of the efficacy of the dienogest and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in women with adenomyosis and dysmenorrhea

Purpose To study the efficacy and safety of the dienogest and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) in symptomatic females with uterine adenomyosis. Methods A total of 127 patients with adenomyosis with a chief complaint of dysmenorrhea were recruited. The first group received 2 mg of dienogest (DNG) daily, whereas the second group received goserelin acetate (GS) (3.6 mg/4 weeks) for 12 weeks. Outpatient follow-up was undertaken after 12 weeks. Results Among 127 women, 56/63 (88.9%) patients completed the treatment in the DNG group, whereas 62/64 (96.9%) patients completed the treatment in the GS group. A significant decrease in dysmenorrhea symptoms as measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) and Carcinoma antigen125 (CA125) after 12 weeks of treatment was observed in both groups (p < .001). The hemoglobin of anemic patients did not significantly improve after 12 weeks of treatment (p＝0.21) and the uterine volume slightly increased without statistical significance (p＝0.10) in the DNG group. Simultaneously, The hemoglobin of anemic patients significantly improved (p < .001) and the uterine volume significantly decreased (p < .001) in the GS group. Conclusions Dienogest effectively alleviates the symptoms of dysmenorrhea in patients with adenomyosis, but it cannot improve the anemia or reduce the size of the uterus. GnRH-a is more effective in improving anemia and reducing the uterine volume in patients with adenomyosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR1900024958

The effect of audio visual about health education towards the level of knowledge and dysmenorrhea handling attitude to the teenager

Every teenage girl experiences different menstrual experiences, some are menstruating without complaint and some are menstruating accompanied by complaints of dysmenorrhea. In fact, the knowledge and response of them are still lacking towards the handling of dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of audio visual about health education towards the level of knowledge and dysmenorrhea handling attitude to the teenager. The research design used was quantitative research with a pre-experimental type with a one-group pretest posttest design without control. The sampling technique in this study was conducted using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique, that was 30 respondents. The questionnaire used in this study is a knowledge and attitude questionnaire with the results of the validity test ≥ 0.3 and the reliability of knowledge of 0.936 and attitudes of 0.840. The inclusion criteria in this study were students who experienced dysmenorrhea and the exclusion criteria were students with gynecological diseases. On average, 47% of respondents' knowledge before the intervention had less knowledge and after the intervention 73% had good knowledge and attitudes before the intervention were in the negative category 70% and after the intervention was in the positive category 83%. Wilcoxon statistical test results obtained p value = 0.000 (p value ≤ 0.05). Suggestions that can be given was audiovisual media in the form of video can be an option as a media to provide health education. Suggestions in this study can be a reference for providing health education through audiovisuals for adolescents. The school can facilitate these activities and cooperate with local health offices.

Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Medical and Nursing Undergraduate Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological problems among adolescent females. It is defined as painful menses in women with normal pelvic anatomy, usually beginning during adolescence. This study aims to find out prevalence of self-medication practice in primary dysmenorrhea among medical and nursing undergraduate students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from November 2020 to March 2021 after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenient sampling technique was used. A total of 269 female medical and nursing students with complaints of dysmenorrhea were enrolled and the remedial methods used by them such as self-medication, medical advice and home remedies for dysmenorrhea were asked using an online questionnaire delivered to participants. Data analysis was done in the Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Self-medication practice for dysmenorrhea was reported in 175 (65%) of students. The prevalence of mild or moderate pain was commonly present in age group 21-25 years. commonly used for self-medication was mefenamic acid 121 (48%), followed by ibuprofen 51 (20.3%) and paracetamol 41 (16.3%). Self- medication practice among medical and nursing undergraduate students is high despite awareness of adverse effects.

Clear cell carcinoma of Mullerian origin in the urinary bladder: A rare entity

Mullerian neoplasms of the urinary system are rare but complex tumor-like lesions. The identification of the Mullerian neoplasm is crucial for patient management owing to its etiology, natural history, and prognosis. We present a case of a 42-year-old female with a history of three lower segment cesarean sections presenting with complaints of dysmenorrhea and suprapubic pain with no history of hematuria or any urinary symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2 cm×2 cm exophytic lesion suspicious of being either a bladder lesion or an endometrial lesion infiltrating the urinary bladder. Cystoscopy and transurethral biopsy of this suspicious bladder tumor revealed a malignant tumor with papillary and tubulocystic architecture. Based on the overall histomorphological and immunohistochemical features, a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of Mullerian origin was made, and the patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and partial cystectomy. The patient was kept on regular surveillance and showed no signs of recurrence at the one-year follow-up. Clear cell carcinoma of the bladder of Mullerian origin is a rare entity and is established on histopathology. Prompt diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are indispensable for management. Level of evidence: Level 4.

EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF DISMENORE EVENTS IN ADOLESCENT

As many as 67.8% of adolescents are disrupted due to primary dysmenorrhoea. Dysmenorrhea can affect adolescent academic performance. Routine and regular sports activities twice or more per week have a smaller tendency to suffer from dysmenorrhea.&#x0D; The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity patterns and dysmenorrhea. The results of the study are expected to be used as a reference for health workers in implementing prevention programs and addressing the problem patterns of activities in adolescents to overcome dysmenorrhea complaints.&#x0D; The study was conducted using a case control-retrospective approach. Held in July-October 2018 at SMPN 4 which was effective in carrying out extracurricular activities. Respondents in this study were eighth-grade students of Junior High School who had experienced menarche at least 6 months before doing research. The sample size was calculated using the Hypothesis test formula of two population proportions, as many 65 people for each control group and case. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The independent variable was the pattern of physical activity, while the dependent variable was the incidence of dysmenorrhoea. Univariate and bivariable research analysis using the chi-square test.&#x0D; The results showed a significant effect between activity patterns (p = 0.031) and nutritional status (p = 0.015) on dysmenorrhoeal events. Adolescent girls who are not physically active have a 2,585 chance of experiencing dysmenorrhoea. Adolescent girls with poor nutritional status have a 2.76 times chance of experiencing dysmenorrhoea&#x0D; Suggestions teens should do regular physical activity and also maintain nutritional intake by consuming balanced nutritional food as a preventive measure for dysmenorrhea.&#x0D;

Genetic Polymorphism in Endometriosis: Trends in Scientific Production

Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue located outside the uterine cavity. The prevalence is around 6 to 10%. Regarding etiopathogenesis, several theories are accepted, but alterations in the molecular biology of the endometrium seem to be fundamental for the development of endometriosis. Women with the disease may be asymptomatic or have complaints of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain and / or infertility. Although the definitive diagnosis requires a surgical intervention, preferably by video laparoscopy, several findings in the physical, imaging and laboratory examinations can already predict, with a high degree of reliability, that the patient presents endometriosis. Polymorphism analysis has contributed to a better understanding of the genetics of endometriosis. The objective of this study was to characterize the scientific production of genetic polymorphisms in endometriosis until 2013 from a Scientometric perspective. For this, a bibliographic survey was performed on the Scopus site, using the words polymorphism * genetic * AND endometriosis * molecular OR * marker * AND endometriosis *. It was analyzed the articles: type of publication, number of articles / year, authors, areas, journals, impact factor of the most published journals, among others. As a result, there was an increase in the number of publications on endometriosis and polymorphisms over the years, mainly in developed countries. It was observed a relevant association with infertility, ovarian cancer and endometrioma. Many studies have evaluated genes like GSTM1 and PROGINS.

Prevalence of depressive symptoms among Turkish women experiencing premenstrual symptoms and correlated factors

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of depressive symptoms among Turkish women experiencing premenstrual symptoms and correlated factors. MethodThis descriptive and cross-sectional study. The data were collected with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Premenstruel Syndrome Scale (PMSS), and questionnaire form. A total of 121 married and literate women who agreed to participate were included in the study. ResultsThe proportions depressive symptoms among women with severe premenstrual symptoms and without severe premenstrual symptoms were 51% and 13.5% respectively. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the BDI score; the total PMSS score (r=0.403) and its subscales scores including depressive feelings (r=0.439); anxiety (r=0.412); fatigue (r=0.280); irritability (r=0.253); depressive thoughts (r=0.456); pain (r=0.204); and the changes in appetite (r=0.418). A negative correlation was found in the swelling subscale score of PMSS (r=−0.079), but there was no correlation with the changes in the sleeping habits subscale score (r=0.024). There was correlation between BDI scores and occupation, education, perception of outcome, domicile, and a history of psychiatric disorders of the women. There was correlation between PMSS scores a history of psychiatric disorders and complaint of dysmenorrhea in the women. ConclusionsIn conclusion, women who experienced premenstrual syndrome had higher depressive symptoms than women without premenstrual syndrome. Women with premenstrual syndrom should be assessed for depression by health professionals.

The effects of n-3 fatty acids and Rosa damascena extract on primary dysmenorrhea

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is painful contractions of the lower abdomen without abnormal pelvic pathology. Aims: Because high prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effects on women’s social activities, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of separate and concurrent supplementation of n-3 fatty acid and Rosa damascene extract (RDE) on primary dysmenorrhea complaints. Study design: Double blind clinical trial. Methods: In this study, 120 university students were randomly allocated with equal size into two groups [Fish oil (FO) Factor groups: one with one-gram soft gel capsule of fish oil (60) and other without it (60)], then each group was randomly allocated with equal size into two groups (RDE Factor groups: one with one-gram capsules of RDE (30) and other without it (30)), for 2 months. And all data was measured three times in these four groups, at the beginning of the study 30th day and 60th day. Pain intensity and quantity of bleeding were measured by visual analog scale (VAS), Higham Pictorial blood loss assessment charts methods respectively. Results: After 2 months treatment, pain intensity was decreased significantly in FO (p=0.02), and RDE (p<0.01) groups but remained high among those who received both of FO and RDE (p=0.27). Reduction of bleeding days was significant (p<0.01) with separate supplementation of FO and RDE but concurrent use of them has no significant effect (p=0.75) on bleeding duration. The amount of bleeding does not changed significantly in any groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest, omega-3 fatty acids and RDE separately have analgesic effect on pain severity and can decrease bleeding duration of dysmenorrhea as nutritional supplements only when used separately.

Adenomyotic cyst of the uterus associated with pelvic pain: A case report

Adenomyotic cysts of the uterus are extremely rare and this case report is to document an adenomyotic cyst of the uterus associated with pelvic pain. A 27-year old nulliparous patient admitted to the hospital with the complaint of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and pain in the right pelvic region for the last 3 months. Transvaginal ultrasonographic examination revealed a 50 × 36 mm intramural cystic lesion on the right region of the corpus uteri. Hysteroscopic examination showed that it did not deteriorate the endometrial cavity. During laparatomy dissection of the uterine wall revealed 5 cm cystic lesion that was excised circumferentially protecting the surrounding myometrial tissue. The definitive pathology report came out as adenomyotic tissue. Imaging techniques are critical in differential diagnosis of adenomyotic cysts and to choose the appropriate intervention. Medical therapy or surgical intervention like excision of the cyst or hysterectomy may be the choices of treatment.

Frequency of MEFV mutation and genotype–phenotype correlation in cases with dysmenorrhea

We aimed to investigate the relation between mutations and polymorphisms playing roles in the onset of clinical findings of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) and clinical phenotypic reflections manifesting with painful episodes, such as dysmenorrhea. A total of 1000 female patients who had not responded well to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the menstrual period, and who had presented to the emergency room with the complaint of recurrent pain episodes were included in the study. All the patients were Turkish women living in Istanbul. In this study, the mutations most frequently seen in the Mediterranean Fever Gene (MEFV), namely M694V, E148Q, M680I(G/C), V726A, P369S, R761H, A744S, M694I, K695R, F479L, M680I(G/A), and I692del were examined using the DNA sequence analysis following DNA isolation. The number of individuals who had a mutation in at least one allele for FMF was 511 out of 1000 patients. Of these 511 patients, homozygous mutations were found in 21% (n = 109), compound heterozygous mutations were found in 27% (n = 136), and heterozygous mutations were found in 52% (n = 266). The most frequent homozygous genotype seen in our study population was M694V/M694V. The most common compound heterozygote genotypes were M694V/M680I, M694V/V726A, M694V/E148Q, and M680I/V726A; and 11.7% (n = 60) of the families in whom mutations were found had consanguinity. Women who present to the emergency room with the complaint of dysmenorrhea that is irresponsive to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have several types of MEFV mutations that are responsible for FMF.

Effect of fennel on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea: A placebo-controlled trial

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical effect of Foeniculum vulgare on primary dysmenorrhoea. Sixty virgin girls with complaints of dysmenorrhoea were enrolled in this study, out of which 50 cases were completed the course of treatment and were divided in two groups (study and placebo) and were under treatment for two cycles. In study group a capsule of 30 mg fennel extract, four times a day for three days from start of their menstrual period and in placebo a capsule containing wheat flour in same dose was administered. Intensity of pain was reported by using a 10 - point linear analogue technique. In study group the mean age of menarche was 13.1 ± 0.1 and onset age of dysmenorrhoea was 14.5 ± 0.1 years. Both groups were relieved but there was significant difference between study and placebo group. Study group shown more effective results than placebo in pain relief (P`0.05). Based on the observations, it can be concluded that, fennel is an effective herbal drug for menstrual pain.

Uterus Didelphys with Obstructed Right Hemivagina, Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis and Right Pyocolpos: A Case Report

Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA Syndrome) is a rare congenital anomaly of the female genital tract. Uterus didelphys occurs when the midline fusion of the mullerian ducts is arrested, either completely or incompletely. Women with didelphic uterus may be asymptomatic and unaware of having a double uterus. They may present with complaints of dysmenorrhoea and dyspareunia. A 25 year old woman attending the infertility clinic at Nizwa regional referral hospital presented with history of dysmenorrhoea and foul vaginal discharge with right cystic pelvic mass. She was diagnosed as a case of double uterus with obstructed right hemivagina and right pyocolpos with ipsilateral renal agenesis after routine ultrasonography in the clinic followed by MRI. Excision of the right vaginal septum with drainage of 200 ml of purulent discharge was performed. She was relieved of her symptoms and conceived promptly after the surgical excision of the partial vaginal septum.

Etonogestrel implant in adolescents: evaluation of clinical aspects

Background This prospective noncomparative observational study evaluated the clinical aspects of adolescents who received an etonogestrel implant within 6 months of delivery. Study Design The study population comprised 44 adolescents managed at the Family Planning Sector of São Paulo Federal University. The implant was inserted, on average, 102 days after delivery and patients were followed during 1 year. At each monthly visit to the clinic, the participants were weighed, had their blood pressure measured and were asked to report on symptoms experienced during the last 30 days. Results Approximately one-third (38.6%) of the participants reported symptoms, mostly headaches. There were no complaints of dysmenorrhea, breast tenderness or lower leg edema throughout the 12 months of follow-up. Mean body weight dropped 1.2 kg on average, from 56.4 kg at implant insertion to 55.3 kg at the end of the 1-year period. Body mass index also decreased 0.5 kg/m 2 on average, although these changes did not reach statistical significance. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged throughout the study period. There were no pregnancies and none of the participants discontinued the method (528 women-months). Conclusion These findings suggest that the etonogestrel implant is a safe and effective contraceptive method that is well accepted by adolescents after a pregnancy.

Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression in ovarian endometriomas is associated with higher risk of recurrence

Cyclooxegenase-2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in endometrioma tissue samples taken from 109 patients, of whom 53 had recurrence by 30 months after surgery and 56 did not. Cyclooxegenase-2 overexpression, along with previous medical treatment of endometriosis and the presence of adhesion, is predictive of recurrence of ovarian endometrioma within 30 months after surgery, with a resultant sensitivity of 72.5% and a specificity of 72.4%, suggesting that there are intrinsic and identifiable biomarkers that confer recurrence risk.

Effects of three different sterilization methods on utero-ovarian Doppler blood flow and serum levels of ovarian hormones

Objective:The aim of the study was to assess pre-operative and post-operative serum levels of ovarian hormones and changes in utero-ovarian arterial blood flow by Doppler ultrasonography in women in whom one of three different sterilization methods was applied. Study design:The Pomeroy method of tubal ligation, fimbriectomy, or laparoscopic bipolar coagulation were applied in 42 patients. Serum levels of sex hormones were checked, and utero-ovarian arterial Doppler measurements were performed pre-operatively and post-operatively. The presence or absence of dysmenorrhea was noted before and after the operations. Results:We detected a significant increase in the average uterine arterial resistivity index (RI) and both ovarian arterial pulsatility index (PI) values in the Pomeroy method group (p<0.05). There was a significant increase in dysmenorrhea complaints in the total number of patients (p<0.05), particularly in the fimbriectomy group. Conclusion:The significant increase in uterine arterial Doppler measurements with the Pomeroy method may be due to the removal of a larger tubal segment. Even though the increase is not statistically significant, fimbriectomy should not be applied in young women, because it may increase dysmenorrhea and the procedure is not reversible.