Competitiveness Of National Economy Research Articles

Green Logistics Research Review Report

With the rapid development of the social economy, the modern logistics industry is, on the one hand, an important part of supporting the development of the national economy and enhancing the national economic competitiveness. On the other hand, logistics activities are also one of the main factors leading to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the waste of social resources, the development of green logistics has become the key to the transformation of the logistics industry. The article uses CiteSpace software to conduct a quantitative analysis of the literature on the theme of "green logistics", aiming to sort out the knowledge structure and research hot spots in the field of green logistics, summarize the research process of green logistics at home and abroad; secondly, classify the research and development directions of logistics Explore.

Социально-экономическое благополучие как условие формирования потенциального человеческого капитала

The materials of the article are a continuation of a series of the authors’ research devoted to the study of correlation relationship closeness between the level of socio-economic development of the countries and the development of national human capital. Quantitative relationship between the level of socio-economic well-being of the country and development potential of future human capital is the object of attention in the article. Based on the author's interpretation of the concept of "potential human capital" from the standpoint of correlation and regression analysis, influence of socio-economic well-being parameters on the current opportunities of formation and realization of human capital of future generations is considered. Within the framework of the methodological tools of regression analysis, based on calculations of correlation coefficients, there was an attempt to quantify the degree of influence on the dependent variable (potential human capital) of various parameters of socio-economic well–being of countries – per capita income, non-cost characteristics of social development (competitiveness of national economy, level of social progress, level of prosperity, and level of happiness).

The influence of innovative development in the EU countries and Ukraine on the competitiveness of national economies: A comparative analysis

Russian aggression adversely affected the economy of Ukraine and emphasized the need to adapt the best practices of EU countries to determine steps to restore the country’s competitiveness. This study aims to determine the influence of the innovative development of countries on their competitiveness and identify prospects for Ukraine’s post-war economic recovery. The study constructed neural networks to assess the relationships between the factors of innovative development and the competitiveness of the EU countries and Ukraine. Six main factors of innovative development of countries are identified: “innovations in business (S1),” “intellectual property (S2)”, “innovations in industry (S3),” “eco-innovations (S4),” “innovation management (S5),” and “digital innovations (S5).” Groups of factors are determined by the strength of influence (strong, moderate, or weak). For Ukraine, S1 and S6 have a strong effect (33.3%), S5 shows moderate (16.7%), S2, S3, and S4 show weak effects (50%). For EU countries, S1 and S6 have a strong influence, S2 and S3 – moderate, S5 and S4 – weak. This comparative analysis concluded that EU countries consider intellectual property, green economy, and state innovation policy as key components of their competitiveness. The results discovered a weak relationship between intellectual property protection, innovation in industry, and competitiveness of Ukraine compared to EU countries. However, digital innovations significantly and positively affect Ukraine’s competitiveness.

Differentiation of innovation ecosystems of the countries being the Global Innovation Index leaders in the global competitive context

Innovations have become pivotal for the growth and competitiveness of national economies. Generating innovations necessitates a comprehensive ecosystem as a set of conducive conditions. With competition intensifying and focusing on innovation, countries increasingly prioritize the enhancement of their innovation ecosystems. The foundation for this lies in international comparisons, particularly among countries that are global leaders, as it aids in identifying their specific characteristics and advantages. The aim of the study is to differentiate the innovation ecosystems of world-leading countries by highlighting the indicators in which they differ the most.The paper covered the top 15 countries according to the Global Innovation Index, each characterized by 23 indicators in their innovation ecosystems. In the first stage, using mathematical processing (the k-means method), the countries were divided into six clusters. Then, to find the parameters that differentiate the obtained clusters, a classification analysis was conducted (the “decision tree” method), resulting in 11 indicators that, in various pairwise combinations, most differentiate the analyzed countries. These indicators reflect the features and most important advantages (or weaknesses) of each innovation ecosystem and are also priorities for increasing the parameters of these ecosystems to improve the position of countries. It is advisable to use these indicators to form state innovation policy.

The Role of Accountants in Facing Economic Digitalization Towards The Era of Society 5.0

In preparation for the era of Society 5.0, economic digitization has brought drastic changes that have triggered the evolution of the accounting profession. The Society 5.0 zone is seen as an area that encourages interaction between humans, technology and robots to improve the quality of life. Economic digitalization is a global phenomenon that is driving structural changes in the business and financial sectors. In the modern informatics era, technological advances have had a significant impact on accounting practices and strategic decision making by organizations. This research aims to track the development of economic digitalization and provide an overview of the important role of accountants in the context of Society 5.0. The results of this research show that the role of advanced accountants must be broad and flexible in order to participate in the digital revolution that is taking place. Competent and responsive accounting professionals will play a vital role in promoting national economic stability and competitiveness, as the country advances towards Society 5.0.

Behind the Huawei sanction: national security, ideological prejudices or something else?

Digital supremacy is fundamental to national security and global economic competitiveness. An imperative of protecting critical information infrastructure (CII) is the theoretical basis for cybersecurity policies. The cyber competition has the potential to reshape global tech supply chains and international economic governance. The winner will make standards and rules that can take the most advantage of a first mover. The assumption that governments across jurisdictions embrace similar policies, regardless of their ideologies, is not a paradoxical proposition any more in the time of globalisation 2.0. Both the US and China use law enforcement power to advance their national strategic interests. The imposition of sanctions against Huawei is an epitome of the current US–China cyber competition game far beyond the mere economic scenario. This study seeks to explore whether the unilateral approaches would be well justified in a new normal of the decoupling era and how to establish a viable global cyber governance regime.

Labour Productivity, Wages, and Inflation: Evidence from Selected Central and South-East European Countries

The relationship between inflation, worker wages, and labour productivity growth has been a widely discussed topic among academics in recent decades. Labour productivity is a critical component for maintaining and improving the competitiveness of national economies and establishing sustainable economic growth. The increase in labour productivity serves as the foundation for increasing workers' wages, thereby enhancing their purchasing power and overall well-being. However, empirical data from Southeast European countries indicate that labour productivity growth rates have been insufficient to enable catch-up with their Western European counterparts. Additionally, these countries have experienced significant inflation rates in recent years, resulting in a notable decline in real wages for workers. Therefore, the gap between labour productivity and workers' wages has not only failed to diminish but has, in fact, widened over the past few decades.
 The primary objective of this paper is to examine the interrelationships among labour productivity, workers' wages, and inflation in Central and Southeast European countries, specifically the Balkan EU countries, Balkan non-EU countries, and the Visegrád group of countries. The findings reveal a short-term causality among inflation, labour productivity, and the statutory minimum wage in these three groups of countries. Furthermore, there is evidence of a bidirectional causal relationship running from the minimum wage and inflation to labour productivity, and vice versa, in the short term. Additionally, the introduction of a minimum wage shock significantly influences the future values of labour productivity and inflation. The adverse effects of an externally induced increase in the statutory minimum wage are particularly noticeable in Western Balkan non-EU countries.

DRIVERS AND BARRIERS OF CROSS-BORDER DIGITAL INVESTMENTS

Modern international competition has an ambiguous impact on the processes of digital transformation, both from the perspective of mastering new digital technologies and in the context of further stimulation of innovation by countries around the world. The article evaluates the prospects for effective management of the changes that arise under the influence of new drivers of the digital transformation of the world economy. The potential and advantages of new digital technologies create new opportunities for achieving the goals of sustainable socio-economic development of the countries of the world and their economic growth. However, for digital transformation, technologies for ensuring, maintaining and increasing the international competitiveness of national economies are of decisive importance.

ВАЛОВИЙ ВНУТРІШНІЙ ПРОДУКТ ЯК ІНДИКАТОР РІВНЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ КРАЇНИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЧЕСЬКОЇ РЕСПУБЛІКИ)

The article addresses the current issue of researching and analyzing Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as an indicator of national economic competitiveness on a global scale and its impact on the macroeconomic stability of the Czech Republic. The authors emphasize the importance of GDP analysis for effective economic management, planning, forecasting, and ensuring macroeconomic stability. The study is based on a review of previous research and publications by both Ukrainian and foreign scholars. As a result, the concept of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is thoroughly analyzed, with three main aspects of the concept elucidated: "gross," "domestic," and "product." Furthermore, the article provides crucial explanations to enhance comprehension of the GDP concept. Moreover, the article extensively analyzes the dynamics of nominal and real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Czech Republic from 2016 to 2022. Special attention is given to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Czech economy and its adverse effects in 2020. The causes of GDP decline are highlighted, along with data on economic recovery at the end of 2020 and an assessment of GDP dynamics in 2021 and 2022. The significance of evaluating GDP growth rates and their potential implications for the Czech economy are underscored, as well as the importance of GDP per capita as an indicator of Czech economic competitiveness and the country's position in the GDP per capita ranking. Additionally, the article examines the impact of declining household consumption on Czech GDP due to inflation and low investments. The methodology of correlation-regression analysis is employed to identify trends in GDP dynamics, along with projected GDP values for 2024 and 2025. It is noted that the main drivers of Czech economic growth should be the export activities of companies and the recovery of household demand. However, further research is needed to explore the analysis of GDP dynamics as an indicator of macroeconomic stability, its impact on forming global competitiveness rankings, and positioning the Czech Republic in the global economic community.

Antecedents to Thai Consumer Insurance Policy Purchase Intention: A Structural Equation Model Analysis

This study delves into the factors influencing consumer purchase intention of Thai insurance company policies, focusing on service quality, corporate image, perceived value, and insurance technology. Employing a quantitative approach and multi-stage random sampling, the study selected 440 consumers from 10 Thai insurance agencies in January 2022, using a Google Form link distributed via social media for data collection. The structural equation model path analysis was conducted using LInear Structural RELations (LISREL) 9.1, complemented by descriptive statistics analysis in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows Version 21. Expert input informed adjustments to questionnaire items, and a pilot test with 35 participants ensured item reliability. The results reveal that insurance technology (0.68), corporate image (0.54), perceived value (0.53), and service quality (0.34) were all influential factors affecting purchase intention, collectively explaining 76% of the variance ( R2). Seven of the nine hypotheses tested found support, with the corporate image-perceived value relationship proving the strongest, followed by a moderately strong association between perceived value and insurance technology. Among the 25 observed variables, the quality of services and data standards provided by service quality stood out, with consumers valuing clear, concise, and convenient services as pivotal for agency satisfaction. This research contributes to the existing literature by offering post-COVID-19 insights into consumer insurance purchase intentions in Asia. It also provides valuable knowledge for policymakers and regulators seeking to enhance their sectors and strengthen national economic competitiveness.

Державне регулювання процесу ініціювання інноваційних проектів за умов обмеженого фінансування

Державне регулювання процесу ініціювання інноваційних проектів за умов обмеженого фінансування

Planning a Risk Management System for PPP projects to Increase the Competitiveness of Business Structures

This article addresses the critical need for effective public-private partnership (further - PPP) models amidst economic, social, and political challenges in Kazakhstan. The results of the study are aimed at improving the identification of risks for making informed decisions. It delves into scientific achievements relevant to assessing business activity and nurturing entrepreneurial culture. Employing comparative analysis, the research examines domestic PPP practices, drawing insights from statistical data. The findings emphasize PPP's role in ensuring national economic competitiveness, with legislative improvements positively impacting growth. The analysis of foreign practices critically examines the evolution of public-private partnership (PPP) development in Kazakhstan by juxtaposing it with the experiences of leading nations. The United Kingdom has demonstrated successful partnership models based on transparency, clear terms, and mutually beneficial relationships, serving as an example for Kazakhstan in enhancing collaboration between the public and private sectors. The SWOT analysis identifies inefficiencies, stressing the importance of transparent project teams and systematic risk management. Sectoral insights highlight a decline in private sector involvement, emphasizing the need for regulatory improvements and risk reduction in PPP implementations. The study emphasizes PPP's indispensable role in Kazakhstan's socio-economic development, advocating for continuous reforms and advanced risk management. The proposed PPP project management algorithm aims to foster efficiency, address challenges, and stimulate economic activity, paving the way for sustainable infrastructure development.

THE IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES

Modern technological transformations associated with Industry 4.0 have a significant influence on the competitiveness of national economies on a global scale. The article analyzes the impact of the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies on the implementation of international competitive strategies, focusing on key economies such as China, the United States of America, Germany, France, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Brazil, South Africa, Pakistan, Venezuela, and Ukraine. The main competitive strategies that take into account the new technological context are considered. These include digital transformation strategies, the use of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and other aspects of Industry 4.0. In particular, the article examines which technological innovations are reflected in the strategies of leading countries and how they contribute to their international competitive success. Great attention is paid to the aspects that influence the formation of competitive strategies of national economies, such as changes in global supply chains, development of digital platforms, cybersecurity and response to the challenges of technological shifts. The main focus is on the fact that enterprises tending to increase their international competitiveness should develop strategies taking into account the new technological context. The core strategies are digital transformation, globalization, innovation, and partnership. These strategies include adjusting to new technologies, increasing international presence, seeking innovation, and cooperating with other parties for common success. The paper highlights not only the positive aspects of implementing Industry 4.0 technologies, but also the risks associated with the unequal distribution of technological capabilities between countries. It emphises the interaction of countries in the context of international economic relations and the development of cooperation strategies to ensure mutual benefits. The article can serve as an important source for specialists in the field of economics, public administration and business, as well as for researchers interested in the relationship between technological development and the competitiveness of national economies in the modern world.

WINE PRODUCTION IN ROMANIA – DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FOOD SECURITY AND SAFETY

In the last 30 years, the transition from the centrally-planned economy system to the rigours, requirements and constraints of the market economy has generated significant structural and behavioural changes at national level, which had an impact both on the performance and competitiveness of national economy and on the capacity to ensure food security and safety for the population. Like in most activity sectors from agri-food economy, yet with higher intensities, the wine sector in Romania, both the primary and the secondary (processing) sector, has faced numerous problems for the last 30 years, with a direct effect on the capacity to ensure food security and safety at this level. From this perspective, the present approach aims to carry out a diagnosis of the wine production in Romania, in terms of its capacity to meet the domestic consumption needs and valorise the obtained production.

Human Resources as the Main Direction of the Development of Public Administration of Technological Development in the Context of Digital Transformation

Relevance. The economic success of any state is inextricably linked with the development of education, science and innovative technologies based on them, which contribute to the growth and development of the country as a whole, as well as the creation of conditions for further human development. Attention to the problem of human resource management has increased in recent years, due to the increasing gap between ongoing changes in production (orientation towards innovative development) and their actual state.The development of new technical principles and technologies requires certain models of thinking and action, which are put into practice through the human resource development system. Therefore, when determining the role of human resources in the technological development of countries, it is necessary to pay special attention to education, which is a powerful engine of economic growth that increases the efficiency and competitiveness of national economies. The ongoing changes will require people to develop fundamentally new skills and competencies necessary to participate in the creation and dissemination of digital technologies.The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between human resources and technological development of the state.Objectives: to analyze the quantity and quality of human resources of the Russian Federation and countries close in terms of technological development, to consider the level of education and the level of economic activity of the population in the Central Federal District and the Kursk region.Methodology. The study is based on a review of the works of domestic economists, analysis of statistical data.Results. In the course of the work, the place of the Russian Federation in the global innovation rating was analyzed, a comparative analysis of the quantity and quality of labor resources with countries in similar positions of the rating was carried out, a more in-depth analysis of the labor resources of the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District was carried out, the influence of human capital on the technological development of the region and countries as a whole was proved. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that human capital is recognized as an integral factor of economic growth.

Quantitative Analysis of Economic Complexity and Industrial Competitiveness of Asian Countries

This paper mainly quantifies the economic development situation and industrial competitiveness of Asian countries by measuring the Generalized Economic Complexity Index (GECI) and statistical indicators. The measurement results reveal that it can reflect the real and effective national economic industrial competitiveness more accurately than traditional macro-economic indicators promptly. Another new finding is the GECI of economies, which shows clear geographical differences, with relatively the highest in the East Asia. Besides, we compare the potential of industrial upgrading and conclude that China, Turkey and India have stronger industrial upgrading, while Qatar and Kuwait are obviously weaker.

The impact of Ukraine’s international image on the prospects of its post-war innovative development

The aim of the article. Is to determine the impact of the international image of Ukraine (considering changes in its characteristics during the war period) on the prospects of the post-war recovery of the national economy in the concept of innovative development. The results of the analyses. It was established that the international image of the country directly affects the formation of its national brand. The interdependence of the national brands’ positions with indicators of business entities’ innovative activity and network readiness of the respective countries was established. These countries determine the competitiveness of national economies and businesses on international markets in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0). The positive influence of Ukrainians’ resistance in the war with Russia on the international image of Ukraine was substantiated. The world community perceived Ukraine as a country with a rich history and culture, good natural conditions, a free, democratic, industrial-agrarian state open to cooperation with high technologies and a powerful resource base, a free-spirited, inventive, hardworking, highly educated and tolerant people, a member of the European family. These characteristics are attributes of Ukraine's positive international image, which directly affects the attitude of economic counterparties and contact audiences in international markets, and accordingly, the country's investment attractiveness, the competitiveness of the national economy and business. The positive influence of Ukraine’s international image formed during the war on the prospects of innovative development of its industries and enterprises was determined. The range of problems caused by positive perception of Ukrainians and Ukraine by the world community was outlined. In particular, a huge brain drain and intellectual capital loss necessary for post-war recovery and innovative growth. Activities to prevent these problems were proposed. The prerequisites for the post-war innovative growth of Ukrainian economy are outlined: a positive international image, intellectual capital, institutional support for the innovative process. The competitive advantages and shortcomings of Ukraine from the standpoint of the formation and implementation of its post-war innovative development strategy were determined. Conclusions and direction for further research. The obtained results deepen the principles of innovation marketing in terms of the development of an information and analytical base for managing the international image of the state in the context of the formation of prerequisites for its innovative development in the conditions of IR4.0. They also develop principles of innovation management in terms of improving the marketing support of the innovative development strategies of the state in the conditions of IR4.0. Further research should be aimed at forming the foundations of the organizational and economic management mechanism of the post-war recovery of the state and its innovative growth in the conditions of technological transformations caused by IR4.0 and changes in technological way.

Transatlantic strategic convergence on China and the scramble for critical minerals

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the trend of transatlantic strategic convergence and policy coordination in response to Chinese trade practices and technological competition, specifically in the critical minerals sector. Design/methodology/approach The research draws on primary and secondary source material to identify evidence of and examine the drivers, manifestations and prospects for effective US-European efforts to advance the shared aim of reducing vulnerabilities in critical minerals supply chains. Findings The interests of the USA and Europe would be best served by prioritizing their own security, diversification and resilience strategies while seeking areas of common ground and constructive engagement with China. Research limitations/implications The research offers a fresh perspective on the growing alignment and persistent gaps in US and European perspectives on China’s rising influence and assertive behavior. Originality/value The research highlights the vital role of critical minerals in national security, economic competitiveness, technological advancement and sustainable resource management. It underscores the shared recognition on both sides of the Atlantic that securing a stable supply of critical minerals – essential for maintaining strategic capabilities, driving innovation and ensuring long-term economic prosperity – necessitates tighter transatlantic coordination as well as constructive engagement with China.

Determining the key factors of the innovation gap between EU countries

Innovation plays a crucial role in ensuring economic growth and competitiveness of national economies, creating conditions for their sustainable development. By focusing on supporting innovation, the EU is particularly helping to accelerate the development of those member states that lag far behind the EU average. This requires the selection of the indicators reflecting the development of innovation that determine the differences between member countries to the greatest extent. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify the key factors of the innovation gap (FIG) between EU countries based on a comparison of indicators characterizing the national innovation systems (NIS). For this purpose, 22 relative indicators were selected from the indicators included in the Global Innovation Index to form an array of empirical data. At the first stage, the EU countries were divided into four clusters using the k-means method. At the second stage, using the decision tree method, a group of indicators was identified that together distinguish the obtained clusters to the greatest extent and, accordingly, determine the differences between EU countries and can be considered as FIG, namely: “Researchers”, “GERD financed by business”, “Joint venture/strategic alliance deals”, “Software spending”, and “High-tech manufacturing”. This allows individual member states to prioritize the development of those indicators (i.e. FIG) that most determine their position in the EU and therefore improve their NIS. At the EU level, this will contribute to the complementarity of the NIS, overcome differences between member states and increase the overall level of convergence in innovation.

Research on Issues and Countermeasures of Innovation Education among College Students

In today’s world, innovation is increasingly becoming a key factor in national economic and scientific and technological competition, and plays an important role in measuring a country’s comprehensive national power. Youth is the future of the country and the hope of the nation, and college students are one of the most energetic and creative groups of youth. With the continuous development and change of the society, it is more and more important to cultivate the innovative thinking and practical ability of college students for the development of the country and the progress of the society. Universities are the cradle for young people to grow up and become successful, and they are committed to cultivating innovative talents, shaping the innovative spirit of college students and improving their entrepreneurial ability. College students are the backbone of the future development of the country by cultivating students’ creativity, critical thinking and problem-solving ability, they can become the innovative leaders of the future society. However, in reality, there are still some problems that need to be solved in college students’ innovation spirit, such as the interaction of multiple factors such as the education system, neglect of colleges and universities, and the lack of attention of individuals, etc. We can improve the cultivation mode, establish a long-term mechanism, create an innovative atmosphere, and pay attention to self-cultivation in order to cultivate modernized talents with the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurial ability for the construction of an innovative country.