Competitiveness Of Agro-industrial Complex Research Articles

Household farms of the population in conditions of modernization of agricultural sector of Kazakhstan

Household farming contributes to a country's food security, increased livelihoods, better management of natural resources, environmental protection and sustainable rural development. The goal is to study the socio-economic characteristics of the potential of household farms in the context of modernization of agricultural sector, which determine the real competitiveness of rural entrepreneurs. Methods – analysis, comparison, generalization, allowing to identify the problems of individual-household agricultural sector of Kazakhstan, to assess the current state of the social and labor sphere of small forms of business, to show the main reasons for the reduction in employment in this segment, the backlog of rural areas in terms of social conditions of life and underestimated labor motivation due to the lack of a stable payed job. Results – the author notes that low productivity of the use of labor potential in rural families, the withdrawal of large areas of agricultural land from economic circulation and their subsequent degradation, the outflow of the population, especially young people, from the village are negative. On the basis of a sociological survey, the significance of sociocultural and motivational factors that contribute to the growth of the prestige of individual household forms and development of cooperation by uniting small farmers for the joint economic activities, expanding the scale of production, increasing investment attractiveness and competitiveness of agro-industrial complex is substantiated. Conclusions – the need for a comprehensive implementation of social, economic, environmental and spiritual interests of rural residents, assistance measures to increase production and labor resources of subjects of the rural household economy has been proved; expediency of consistent and systematic state support. All this contributes to the influx of agricultural personnel in agriculture, their consolidation in rural areas.

Diversification strategy in agro-industrial complex

The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the importance of diversification of production aimed to increase the competitiveness of agro-industrial complex at the present stage of economic development. The goal is to analyze the features of transformation of organizational and production structure of agricultural enterprise, which consists in supplementing it with new types of products, technologies, suppliers, etc. Objectives to show the importance of diversification processes to ensure sustainability of agricultural producers to negative changes in the external and internal environment. Results – it is noted that the priority areas of diversification in agro-industrial production include the organization of new branches of crop and livestock production, the inclusion of productive species, varieties or hybrids of crops in crop rotations, the development of processing sectors, the system of material and technical supply and marketing of products, etc. commodity diversity, reorientation of sales markets in agro-industrial complex is especially important in view of high risks of doing business associated with the high dependence of its results on weather conditions of the year, soil and natural-climatic factors, etc. The conducted analysis shows that the important conditions for deepening structural restructuring include developed agricultural policy of the State, a system of effective measures for regulating and supporting the industry, attracting investment in the development of agricultural sector and financial markets. The performed studies allowed us to draw the following main conclusions – diversification of production is a promising direction for the development of economic activity of enterprises, ensuring the growth of their proceeds from product sales, profits and profitability.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of agriculture and trends in its development in the North Caucasus Federal District. The NCFD has a significant natural and climatic, labor and industrial and technical potential. But according to the main socio-economic indicators, the NCFD shows lower results compared to other federal districts of the country. The article notes that the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District are significantly differentiated in terms of land, labor and production capital. The authors analyzed the dynamics of agricultural production, which allowed us to determine the share of various types of agricultural products in the national production volume. The analysis of investment development in the NCFD showed that over the past five years, investment in fixed assets has decreased by almost 10%. The main exported products of the district are cereals, meat and edible meat offal, and imported products are dairy products. The assessment of tax revenues from the agricultural sector to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation showed that their volumes are insignificant, in the share of tax payments 56% is accounted for by the personal income tax and about 10% by the unified agricultural tax. The authors noted a number of negative trends that have formed in the NCFD: a large subsidized budget, a high share of agricultural production in low-quality and inefficient households, a low volume of private investment in the industry, and a significant level of unemployment. These problems are interrelated and need to be addressed systematically. The authors propose the main directions of development of agricultural policy of the NCFD, including technological modernization and increase of competitiveness of agroindustrial complex, development of transport, logistical and information infrastructure, improve the investment climate and increase investment attractiveness of the industry based on public-private partnerships, improving labour productivity and quality of personnel potential and formation of a branched network of agricultural cooperatives.

COMPETENCY SYSTEM OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX WORKERS

The problem of ensuring the competitiveness of agroindustrial complex is causing at present a serious concern to the scientific community and practitioners. Agriculture exists and functions in conditions of internal and external problems, which to some extent threatens the welfare, interests and aspirations of employees. Analyses of the current state of the agroindustrial complex indicate a lack of efficiency of economic entities, which is associated not only with adverse socio-economic conditions and inadequate training. In conditions of reducing employment in the industry best protection of a person from loss is its competency and professionalism. This is due to the fact that there is a constant complication of the labor process, which leads to an increase in the demand for workers with advanced skills and knowledge. An agricultural production need workers that will be able not simply to execute certain functions on the set algorithm, but will decide solve complex problems, will find a way to solve unusual production situation, be able to foresee the consequences of decisions. Preparations of specialists, where criteria are the required professional knowledge, implies a high competitiveness of their labour market and further develop skills directly in the workplace. The author developed a system of competencies that reflect modern requirements to professional activity of workers of agroindustrial complex. During the study, the proposed division of competences into two blocks: basic (cultural) and professional. The practical significance of scientific results is determined by the objective need to identify prospects for the development of professional competencies in modern agriculture.