Compatibility Chart Research Articles

Utility of a Compatibility Chart for Continuous Infusions in the Intensive Care Unit.

In the intensive care unit (ICU), multiple intravenous drugs are often administered through the same catheter line, greatly increasing the risk of drug incompatibility. We previously developed a compatibility chart including 27 drugs and have used it to avoid drug incompatibilities in the ICU. This retrospective study evaluated the utility of this chart by analyzing prescriptions and incidents of incompatibilities in an ICU. We analyzed 257 ICU prescriptions of two or more continuous infusions on the same day during the period between March 2016 and February 2017 and investigated the rate of compliance with the compatibility chart. Drug combinations were classified as "compatible," "tolerable compatible," "incompatible," and "no data." For all combinations, the compliance rate was defined as the ratio of compatible and tolerable compatible combinations. Additionally, using our hospital incident report database, we analyzed 27,117 injections administered in the ICU between March 2016 and February 2017 and investigated incidents related to incompatibility. Three hundred infusion combinations were identified in the prescriptions. The compliance rate was 97% (n = 293). Of the 113 combinations judged to be tolerable compatible, 98% (n = 111) consisted of three or more continuous medications injected through the same intravenous line. Of the two incidents related to incompatibility in the incident report database, the combination "nicardipine and furosemide" was defined as incompatible in the compatibility chart. The high rate of compliance with the compatibility chart suggested it was useful in preventing drug incompatibility.

Multidimensional Scaling Analysis and an Application

The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting student’s failure. For this, a survey study was carried out. In the questionnaire applied to people of all ages and occupations living in Turkey between 2013 and 2015, inferences were made on the answers of 4183 people, 2928 of whom were men and 1255 were women, regarding the relationship between 26 variables that are closely related to the success factor. In this study, non-metric multidimensional scaling technique was used considering the Euclidean distance. This is because the data is not quantitative and smaller size solutions can be obtained. As a result of the analysis, Kruskal's stress value was observed as 0.00 and no significant difference was observed between the variables. Therefore, the observation of stress values in the range of (0-0.025) clearly reveals that there is a "complete" agreement between the variables. Another one words, the measure of the actual figure compatibility chart obtained S=0.00 and shows full compliance. In this case, we can say that the results obtained adequately reflect the data set we have.

Analysis of drug compatibility in Y in intravenous therapy: preparation of a preventive tool for a university hospital in Petrolina – PE

Objectives: To elaborate instruments for the analysis of the compatibility of intrave-nous medications, in order to assist in the conduct and routines of the assistance teams of the Federal University of the São Francisco’s Valley (HU-Univasf) Methods: Injectable drugs were initially selected, which belong to the HU-Univasf stand-ardization list. Information on the pH of medicines, compatibilities and incompatibili-ties, were extracted from the databases: Lexi-comp® Inc, Micromedex IV Compatibil-ity, Internet website Stabilis and King Guide to Parenteral Admixtures®. This work was carried out in two stages: (1) Creation of a tool to analyze the compatibility of injectable medications used in the hospital in a guide format; (2) Elaboration of the cross-table for quick consultation of the compatibility of the most prevalent medica-tions in the Intensive and Semi-Intensive Care Unit (UCISIN), in the parenteral dos-age form for intravenous administration (IV). Results: The Guide for analysis of Y compatibility in intravenous drug administration for a University Hospital in Petroli-na-Pe, was published with ISBN (International Standard Book Number): 978-85-92656-19-5 and it is available on the HU-Univas institutional website for free ac-cess. This material suited as the basis for the construction of the drug compatibility chart that contains the 50 most distributed items from the pharmacy to UCISIN. From this table, 1,225 pairs of drugs were obtained, of which 36% (N = 444) corresponded to compatible pairs and 20% (N = 241) to incompatible pairs. It should be noted that a higher value of pairs was observed with the indefinite compatibility 44% (N = 540), that is, without data in the consulted literature. Conclusions: It was possible to prepare the Guide for Analysis of Y Compatibility in Intravenous Medication Administra-tion and the HU-Univasf Y-Drug Incompatibility Cross-Table Graph, already availa-ble for the entire team. Therefore, it is expected that these instruments facilitate the access of the multiprofessional team to quality information, expanding the role of the pharmacist in the care of critical patients, improving patient safety in the use of intra-venous medications in the hospital.

Using compatibility charts to optimize research into fire retardants

Introduction.Interdisciplinary research is a most relevant issue in science and education. The integration of intellectual resources with research and production infrastructure is acknowledged as the main goal of interdisciplinary research in the international practice.The main (analytical) part.The authors propose the following methodological approach to the study, based on the distribution of interdisciplinary methods into groups by the scale of the research subject (material). In this case, the studies have the following levels: microlevel, supramolecular level, material research, design research. The paper presents research methods used at each of these levels. The co-authors propose to optimize the study of performance characteristics of building materials and fire retardants through the use of a compatibility chart with regard for the study levels and the analysis of methods of experimental research at each level.Using a compatibility chart.The methodology of the study. A research into the fire retardant efficiency of esters of phosphoric acid, used to modify wood, was selected as a practical example for compatibility diagrams. The project encompasses a number of methods applicable to compatibility charts: the method of elemental analysis, the Gibbs energy assessment method, the sample surface assessment method, the electron microscopy method, methods of assessing fire-hazardous characteristics of wood, the water sorption method, strength and biosecurity assessment methods.Conclusions.The co-authors first proposed an algorithm for generalizing the empirical data on mechanochemical characteristics of materials using interdisciplinary methods in the form of a compatibility chart. This methodology optimizes research into any composite materials though it preserves targeted research methods and eliminates impractical and concomitant experimental studies, thus, reducing labour costs and environmental impacts.

Methodology for optimizing the study of fire-retardant compositions for building materials and structures

In Russia, a large number of domestic and foreign fire-retardant materials are used to reduce fire danger when using metal and wooden structures in construction, as well as cable products. Regulatory instruments are used to assess these properties of fire-retardant materials, which do not allow for sufficient performance assessment. In this regard, the use of interdisciplinary research methods is proposed. The authors propose a wide range of research methods, as well as a methodological approach based on the separation of interdisciplinary methods into groups by scale of the research object (material). Based on the level-based division of the study, as well as an analysis of possible experimental methods at each level, it is proposed to optimize the study of the operational properties of building materials and fire retardants through the use of a compatibility chart. A practical example of how to use a compatibility chart is shown.

Intravenous drug incompatibilities in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in India: Are they preventable?

Objective:The main aim of the study was to identify the physical and chemical incompatibilities among the drugs administered intravenously to patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a 1000 bedded hospital. The study also envisaged establishing pharmaceutical guidelines for the administration of incompatible medications.Methods:This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2018 in the ICU after getting approval from the Hospital Ethics Committee. A total of 104 medication charts were collected, and their data were analyzed. Compatibility of the selected drug with a second drug, when given together, was then analyzed using the Micromedex health-care series, Trissel's handbook of injectable drugs, and Manufacturer's product information. The pharmaceutical intervention was performed by preparing. The drug compatibility chart of selected drugs and the same was reported to the study department.Findings:Of 104 medication charts reviewed, 66 charts had incompatibility, accounting for 90 incompatibilities. Incompatibility between two intravenous (IV) bolus drugs constituted 68.8% with pantoprazole and ondansetron (85.4%) being the most frequent combination. Incompatibility between infusion-bolus was found to be 26.6%. Meropenem (infusion) and pantoprazole (bolus) constituted 16.6%. Incompatibility between two infusions in the same IV line was found to be 4.4%. A drug compatibility chart containing 19 selected drugs was prepared and submitted to the study department for their perusal.Conclusion:The current study showed that a significant number of drug incompatibilities occur in hospitalized critically ill patients in our tertiary care hospital. These incompatibilities could generally be prevented by adhering to proper medication administration techniques like flushing the line using compatible fluid or through a multi-lumen catheter or multiple IV access.

集中治療室における注射剤配合変化早見表の作成と有用性の評価

In an intensive care unit (ICU), diverse types of injectable drugs are administrated as continuous infusions according to the condition of the patient. Since incompatibilities of injectable drugs can result in loss of efficacy of medications, it is important that pharmacists quickly recommend appropriate administration routes and provide information on compatibility. In this study, we developed a compatibility chart of frequently used continuous infusions in ICU and evaluated its usefulness.The compatibility chart contained information on trade name, pH, pharmaceutical characteristics, and compatibility with other continuous infusions, for 35 injections. Compatibility determinations were based on information in package inserts, interview forms, and other publications. To evaluate the usefulness of the compatibility chart, we administered a questionnaire survey to 67 nurses and 29 physicians working in ICU.The response rate of nurses and physicians was 100% and 65.5%, respectively. Among the questionees, 91.0% of nurses and 36.8% of physicians had used the compatibility chart. Of the questionees who used the chart, 86.9% of nurses and all physicians rated it as “very useful” or “useful.” Many nurses found that use of the compatibility chart shortened the investigation time of compatibility. Furthermore, this chart provided the pharmacists with quick access to compatibility information.These results show that the compatibility chart for injections was useful in preventing injection incompatibilities in ICU.

Retrograde intramedullary nailing with a blocking pin technique for reduction of periprosthetic supracondylar femoral fracture after total knee arthroplasty: technical note with a compatibility chart of the nail to femoral component.

Periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) present a clear management challenge, and retrograde intramedullary nails have recently gained widespread acceptance in treatment of these fractures. In two cases, we found a blocking screw technique, first reported by Krettek et al., was useful in the reduction of the fractures. Both patients attained preinjury mobility after intramedullary nailing. Moreover, we present a chart summarizing the notch designs of various femoral components because some prosthetic knee designs are not amenable to retrograde nailing. We hope this will be helpful in determining indications for retrograde nailing in periprosthetic fractures after TKA.

Development of a Compatibility Chart for Intravenous Y-Site Drug Administration in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Pediatric patients admitted to intensive care units are likely candidates for intravenous drug administration. These patients may sometimes have limited vascular access, so availability of compatibility charts for intravenous Y-site administration may help daily clinical practice. A 2-dimensional table with the 47 intravenous drugs more commonly administered in the authors' pediatric intensive care unit was drawn up based on a review of 4 databases routinely used for checking drug compatibilities. The level of concordance between the various sources used for the review was strong (κ>0.8). However, an awareness of the limitations of each of these databases will help to optimize search results.

Mixing and compatibility guide for commonly used aerosolized medications

A mixing and compatibility guide for commonly used aerosolized medications was developed. Compatibility guides for injectable drugs are available as a reference for pharmacists, nurses, and medical personnel. These charts are commonly used in hospitals and other health care institutions and provide a quick, easy reference for compatibility of frequently used intravenous medications. Respiratory therapists are frequently directed to administer various aerosolized medications and are often faced with the challenge of uncertain compatibility of these drugs when mixed together. However, there appear to be limited data regarding the compatibility of these aerosolized admixtures. After a careful review of the literature, a compatibility chart was developed that should provide significant value to pharmacists, nurses, and respiratory therapists who administer aerosolized medications. The authors of a recently published evaluation of the compatibility of common inhalation solutions summarized their findings in a concise table. This table served as a template to develop a more comprehensive mixing and compatibility guide in the form of an easy-to-use reference chart, which includes additional agents, compatibility references on the chart, and compatibility information for pharmacists, nurses, physicians, and respiratory therapists. A compatibility guide for aerosolized medications was developed for use by staff who administer these agents.

Handbook of Drugs in Intensive Care: An A-Z Guide

This book does exactly what it says on the cover. It is small enough to carry, is concise (269 pages), and contains all essential information on most drugs used in critical care. With new drugs being introduced and with more patients surviving with complex co-morbidity, a sound knowledge of pharmaco-dynamics and kinetics is required, and a quick reference guide is essential. The third edition of this popular pocket reference book provides such a reference for doctors, nurses and pharmacists. This latest edition follows successful earlier formats with three sections, the positions of which are sadly not indicated on the foredge. First, more than 120 drugs are described alphabetically by nonproprietary name. Concise information on uses, administration, contraindications, side effects, cautions, and use during organ failure is provided. In the second section there is a section of 'short notes', including pharmacokinetics and monitoring, with specific reference to the critically ill; the management of various clinical scenarios, such as status epilepticus and hyper-kalaemia; and the use of antiarrhythmics, inotropes, sedative drugs and renal replacement. However, some of these short notes, such as the clinical description of the technique of pleuradhesis or the management of anaphylaxis, do not seem to fit into a book concerned primarily with pharmacology, and we would not have looked for them here if we had wanted an update. Other short notes are very relevant and helpful, such as a comparison table of steroid potency, and dose changes in renal failure, but these are not cross-referenced from the applicable drugs in the first section, and so they may be missed by many casual readers. In the final section there is a selection of charts, including reference charts for ideal body weight, creatinine clearance and a comprehensive coloured compatibility chart. Once again, cross-referencing to some of these charts within the book would be very helpful. There have been additions to earlier editions, with the inclusion of nearly 30 new drugs including terlipressin and drotrecogin alpha (activated). The compatibility charts have also been enlarged and printed in colour to aid quick reference. These changes result in a book that is easy to read and contains a good balance of information. A notable absence is information on the mechanism of action of each drug. This would not only tell us how the drug works but also how it may produce unwanted effects. Paw and Park have successfully updated their excellent quick reference guide, which should continue to aid and inform doctors, nurses and pharmacists in their daily clinical practice in intensive care.

Erstellung einer Kompatibilitätstabelle für die intravenöse Pharmakotherapie auf neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivstationen

Modern neonatal and pediatric intensive care includes a sophisticated pharmacotherapy with numerous drugs, mainly administered intravenously. Often, despite the use of multi-lumen central venous lines, more peripheral venous accesses are required. To reduce the necessity of numerous venous lines on one hand and on the other hand to avoid complications from incompatibilities of the administered drugs, we compiled a compatibility chart, encompassing more substances than covered in previously available charts. Information on compatibility of commonly prescribed drugs was collected by analysis of manufacturers' information, medical and pharmaceutical handbooks, and a literature research. Available data on compatibility of 78 drugs were displayed in a two-dimensional chart. Beside the pH of each drug, compatibility of drug combinations was encoded for simultaneous infusion. Special emphasis was on security of the therapy. The compatibility chart gives quick reference for Data on compatibility of intravenously administered drugs in neonatal and pediatric intensive care.

Chemical compatibility chart aids elastomer seal material selection

Precision Polymer Engineering (PPE) has developed an online, interactive chemical compatibility chart for elastomer seals. Visit www.worldpumps.com for the latest pump industry news

Controversy over accuracy of compatibility chart

Controversy over accuracy of compatibility chart

Critical Care Nursing of Infants and Children

Section I: Holistic Pediatric Critical Care Nursing. The Essence of Pediatric Critical Care Nursing. Critical Illness and Intensive Care During Infancy and Childhood. The Impact of the Critical Care Experience on the Family. Section II: The Practice Environment. Leadership in Pediatric Critical Care. Professional Development. Legal Implications of Pediatric Nursing Practice. In the Best Interest of the Child: Ethical Issues. Environmental Hazards. Section III: Phenomena of Concern. Tissue Perfusion. Oxygenation/Ventilation. Acid-Base Balance. Intracranial Dynamics. Fluid and Electrolyte Regulation. Nutrition. Thermal Regulation. Host Defenses. Skin Integrity. Pain and Aversive Stimuli. Section IV: Final Common Pathways. Cardiovascular Critical Care Problems. Pulmonary Critical Care Problems. Neurologic Critical Care Problems. Renal Critical Care Problems. Gastrointestinal Critical Care Problems. Oncologic Critical Care Problems. Endocrine Critical Care Problems. Hematologic Critical Care Problems. Section V: Multisystem Problems. Organ Transplantation. HIV in the Critically Ill Child. Shock. Trauma. Thermal Injury. Toxic Ingestions. Resuscitation of Infants and Children. Section VI: Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Critical Care. Guidelines for the Care of the Critically Ill Infant and Child. Clinical Practice Guidelines. Guidelines and Levels of Care Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Appendix I: Normal Vital Signs. Appendix II: Growth Charts. Appendix III: Normal Immunization Schedule. Appendix IV: Emergency Cart Contents. Appendix V: Resuscitation Drugs. Appendix VI: Drug Compatibility Chart. Index.

Management of chemical plants using chemical compatibility information

AbstractOSHA's Process Safety Management Standard, 29 CFR 1910.119 (September, 1992) requires that process hazard evaluations be performed on covered processes. The regulations contain 14 areas for consideration, six of which are related to the need to provide comprehensive information of all process materials, including the consequences of inadvertent mixing of process materials. This information can be made available to those involved in the manufacturing process through the development of an Interaction Matrix. A brief overview of the subject is given in a publication by the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) [1].In 1996 AIChE announced the availability of the computer package CHEMPAT that provides a straight‐forward method of generating and documenting the interaction matrix, or Compatibility Chart, and accompanying database. CHEMPAT was developed, and used internally, by the Dow Chemical Company since 1987. It was donated by Dow to AIChE in 1995 for use by the chemical process industries.This paper outlines the approach used to develop chemical compatibility information and briefly describes the use of CHEMPAT in that process.

The determination of compatibility via thermal analysis and mathematical modeling

AbstractNew regulations in 1991 (HM‐183) have required that materials may not be coshipped in the same cargo tank motor vehicle if, as a result of their mixing “…an unsafe condition would occur, such as an explosion, fire, excessive increase of pressure or heat or the release of toxic vapors.”In order to determine the potential hazards resulting from inadvertent mixing which would result in a hazardous condition, a technically sound evaluation procedure was needed which was reasonably accurate as well as time and cost effective. This required both thermodynamic (heat and/or pressure released) and kinetic parameters (is the energy released immediately or does it take a day, week, month etc.?). A model has been developed using the SimuSolvA Trademark of the Dow Chemical Co. computer program and Microsoft's EXCEL™ spreadsheet which combines the kinetics and thermodynamics for a reaction with the heat transfer parameters for a given tanker truck. Real heat loss data were then obtained for a typical compartmentalized tanker truck for use in the model. The rates and enthalpies for reaction input can be taken from ARC, DSC, or literature data. Since a very large number of binary combinations of potentiai mixtures are possible, materials were grouped according to chemical functionality. A model compound was chosen to represent each functional group. These materials were chosen to best represent the worst‐case reactivity of the group, unimpeded by steric or other factors. A single material/formulation could be classified into more than one grouping. Representative data were complied from experimental studies (Mixing calorimetry, ARC, DSC, etc.) and a wide variety of internal and external literature sources. Where outside sources described a potential incompatibility between groups, the data were gathered on model compounds and input into the model to determine pertinent compatibility. A compatibility chart was constructed for the resulting potential binary mixtures based upon these results.

Drug compatibility chart

Drug compatibility chart