Comparison Of Tobramycin Research Articles

Comparison of Tobramycin and Moxifloxacin eye drops in acute bacterial conjunctivitis: An open label randomized controlled institutional study from Kolkata

Comparison of Tobramycin and Moxifloxacin eye drops in acute bacterial conjunctivitis: An open label randomized controlled institutional study from Kolkata

Structural Analysis of the Tobramycin and Gentamicin Clinical Resistome Reveals Limitations for Next-generation Aminoglycoside Design.

Widespread use and misuse of antibiotics has allowed for the selection of resistant bacteria capable of avoiding the effects of antibiotics. The primary mechanism for resistance to aminoglycosides, a broad-spectrum class of antibiotics, is through covalent enzymatic modification of the drug, waning their bactericidal effect. Tobramycin and gentamicin are two medically important aminoglycosides targeted by several different resistance factors, including aminoglycoside 2″-nucleotidyltransferase [ANT(2″)], the primary cause of aminoglycoside resistance in North America. We describe here two crystal structures of ANT(2″), each in complex with AMPCPP, Mn(2+), and either tobramycin or gentamicin. Together these structures outline ANT(2″)'s specificity for clinically used substrates. Importantly, these structures complete our structural knowledge for the set of enzymes that most frequently confer clinically observed resistance to tobramycin and gentamicin. Comparison of tobramycin and gentamicin binding to enzymes in this resistome, as well as to the intended target, the bacterial ribosome, reveals surprising diversity in observed drug-target interactions. Analysis of the diverse binding modes informs that there are limited opportunities for developing aminoglycoside analogs capable of evading resistance.

197 Comparison of tobramycin 80 mg (IV-preparation) and 300 mg solution inhaled twice daily for chronic P. aeruginosa infection

197 Comparison of tobramycin 80 mg (IV-preparation) and 300 mg solution inhaled twice daily for chronic P. aeruginosa infection

Antibiotic bone cement for the treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa in joint arthroplasty: Comparison of tobramycin and gentamicin‐loaded cements

One hundred clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from 22 medical centers throughout Europe and were challenged with two aminoglycoside-loaded bone cements, employing a modified in vitro Kirby-Bauer susceptibility model. The results of this study show that Simplex P with tobramycin exhibits antibacterial activity against 98% of the strains tested, compared to 93% for Palacos with gentamicin. Additionally, for strains that were susceptible to the antibiotic bone cement formulations, the average zone of inhibition produced around the tobramycin-loaded cement disks was approximately 25% greater than that seen around the gentamicin-loaded cement disks. This difference was statistically significant (p << 0.01). Tobramycin-loaded bone cement is therefore the preferred formulation when addressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in septic joint arthroplasty.

Comparison of Tobramycin Pharmacokinetic Parameters Determined by Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay and Latex Agglutination Methods in Twenty-Seven Patients

Comparison of Tobramycin Pharmacokinetic Parameters Determined by Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay and Latex Agglutination Methods in Twenty-Seven Patients

Aminoglycoside toxicity following antibiotic prophylaxis in cardiac surgery

We have reviewed experience with aminoglycosides in cardiac surgical prophylaxis from 1984 to 1989. In the first two years, prospectively randomized trials (517 patients) allowed comparison of tobramycin (three-day course) with a non-toxic antibiotic, teicoplanin. A significant excess rise in serum creatinine was present at the end of the first postoperative week in patients given tobramycin (165 vs 149 patients, 95% CI 3-17 microM. P less than 0.01, which was most marked in ten oliguric patients with trough serum levels over 2 mg/l (95% CI 7-52 microM). However, no patient needed haemodialysis and only one case of possible ototoxicity was identified. During the next three years, of 912 patients given two to three days gentamicin, 29 patients were shown to have potentially toxic serum levels and oliguria. Three individual cases are described, including one of ototoxicity and one of nephrotoxicity neeeding haemodialysis. The hazards of aminoglycoside toxicity are probably small compared with the failure of other antibiotics to cover staphylococci that may later cause wound infection or endocarditis. However, surgeons should probably be advised to check the aminoglycoside level in all patients on the first post-operative day.

Tobramycin: an overview.

In spite of enormous progress in the chemotherapy of infectious diseases, major problems remain. Among these problems are the increase in gramnegative aerobic infections in hospitalized patients and the development of R-factor-mediated resistance to many of the antibiotics currently available. The introduction of gentamicin into the chemotherapeutic armamentarium in 1963 was a major advance. Nonetheless, bacterial resistance and certain aspects of the pharmacology and toxicology of all of the aminoglycosides made definite a need for research into the development of other agents in this class. Molecular modifications of the known structures have been sought, as has been the discovery of natural compounds with either a different antimicrobial spectrum or a decreased level of toxicity. Tobramycin, one of the newest aminoglycoside agents, is the subject of this review. Much of the material presented herein will be concerned with a comparison of tobramycin and other aminoglycosides, since only in this context can one determine the proper role for this agent. Tobramycin is 0-[3-amino-3-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl- ( 1-4) ]-0-[2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy