Comparison Of Profitability Research Articles

Policies for Selecting the Advance Selling Mode in a Supply Chain Considering Network Externalities

ABSTRACTThe marketing strategy of advance selling new products through e‐commerce channels is becoming increasingly popular among merchants and users. In advance selling on e‐commerce platforms, network externalities and the probability of consumer satisfaction with products are important factors affecting consumers' strategic behavior. This study considers network externalities and the probability of consumer satisfaction with products in the advance selling decision‐making problem in the supply chain. Using game theory and prospect theory, three scenario models—advance selling considering network externalities, advance selling without considering network externalities, and nonadvance selling—are designed to construct theoretical models for supply chain decision‐making. The optimal decision‐making problem of supply chain members is discussed. Furthermore, through a comparison of pricing, demand and profits, the impacts of advance selling with or without considering network externalities on the decisions of retailers and manufacturers are analyzed. By comparing the differences in decision‐making between manufacturers and retailers, the feasible area for advance selling under network externalities is obtained. Furthermore, through numerical experiments, the impacts of the strength of network externalities, and the probability of consumer satisfaction with products on the decision‐making of supply chains are analyzed.

Optimal recycling model selection in a closed-loop supply chain for electric vehicle batteries under carbon cap-trade and reward-penalty policies using the Stackelberg game

In recent years, a large number of electric vehicle (EV) batteries have retired owing to the significant growth of EVs. Developing an efficient closed-loop recycling system and effective management of retired EV batteries have become crucial. Motivated by this challenge, a closed-loop supply chain for the EV battery is formulated with four mixed-channel recycling models under the carbon cap-trade and reward-penalty mechanism. In the forward supply chain, the retailer purchases EV batteries from the manufacturer and then sells the batteries to the customers. In the reverse supply chain, the collection of retired EV batteries is carried out by either the retailer, third-party recycler, echelon firm, or a combination of these members. These collected EV batteries are classified into echelon utilizable or non-echelon utilizable batteries. The echelon-utilizable batteries are modified into echelon products, while the non-echelon batteries are recycled for extraction of raw materials to manufacture new EV batteries. The findings are derived by using actual market data and Stackelberg game theory. The influence of carbon trading prices, reward penalty intensity, costs associated with the firms, and competition coefficients are studied to provide a detailed and comprehensive analysis. A comparison of optimal profits pertaining to different models is also conducted. The results indicate that (i) different models of recycling EV batteries do not influence the optimal decisions in the forward supply chain; (ii) it is beneficial for the members to participate in the reverse chain; (iii) manufacturer’s profit increases when the carbon quota rises and decreases when the price of carbon trading increases; (iv) the involvement of echelon firms in the recycling sector has a positive effect on reducing the recycling load and increasing the profitability of the manufacturer. Managerial insights and concluding remarks are provided to guide manufacturers and recyclers in selecting the most suitable recycling model based on their specific requirements.

Profit Comparison of Computer System with Hardware Redundancy Subject to Different Repair Activities

In this research paper, main concentrate of the authors on the profit comparison of computer system with hardware redundancy by introducing the concept of priority to software up-gradation, hardware preventive maintenance (PM) and hardware maximum repair time (MRT). The system fails independently from normal mode. All the repair activities such as hardware repair, software up-gradation, hardware preventive maintenance before failure and hardware replacement after maximum repair time are carried out by a single server immediately on need basis. All random variables are statistically independent. The negative exponential distribution is taken for the failure time of the component while the distributions of repair time, up-gradation time, preventive maintenance and replacement time are assumed arbitrary with different probability density functions. Semi-Markov process and regenerative point technique are used. The behaviour of profits of the system models have been examined for different parameters and costs.

Analisis Rekonsiliasi Fiskal terhadap Perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan pada PT Dwi Putra Karya Sukses

In the Astra International company, there is a reconciliation phenomenon in the asset depreciation section where there are different depreciation methods for commercial financial statements compared to fiscal financial statements research objectives: 1. To find out the calculation of Fiscal Reconciliation at PT Dwiputra Karya Sukses 2. To find out the calculation of taxes payable at PT Dwiputra Karya Sukses 3. To find out the calculation of the comparison of commercial profit and fiscal profit The type of research method used by the author is descriptive qualitative method. According to Bogdan and Biklen in Sugiyono (2020: 7) descriptive qualitative research methods are data collection in the form of words or pictures, so they do not emphasize numbers. By doing the right Fiscal Reconciliation, PT Dwiputra Karya Sukses can see the comparison between Taxable Income (PKP), namely before making a fiscal correction of Rp. 52,777,780 and after Fiscal Correction of Rp. 52,607,673. the difference in Taxable Income (PKP) also results in differences in Income Tax Payable that will be paid. The amount of income tax before fiscal correction is Rp. 5,808,555 and the amount of income tax after fiscal correction is Rp. 4,665,952. There is a difference in income tax payable of Rp. 1,142,603. Fiscal reconciliation of commercial financial statements is closely related to each other. Because it starts from revenue and expenses to the preparation of fiscal profit and loss and ends in income tax that must be paid by the company.

Profitability analysis of the use of a variable dosing system for the differentiated application of fertilizer in corn crops

Objective: a profitability comparison was made between corn production with the use of a variable doser and a conventional fertilizer doser. The variable doser for the differentiated application of fertilizer was built at CENEMA of INIFAP. An experimental plot was established, applying the recommendations established in the technological package for grain corn production, by INIFAP, in the State of Mexico.With the variable doser, it was verified that the fertilizer needs of the soil required 11.5 % less than that supplied by a constant application doser. The yield obtained was 5.6 % higher than in the conventional one. The B/C benefit/cost ratio of corn production with the variable doser was 1.60, while with the conventional doser it was 1.44, for both cases the profitability is positive, with a difference of $0.16 cents. The profitability with the use of the variable doser was higher than with the conventional doser.

Inventory pricing model under different carbon emission policies

Considering carbon emission in inventory management model is a hot topic in current academic circles. Studying inventory pricing can provide managers with better managerial insights. Economic order quantity model mainly solves the inventory management problem of demand determination. However, due to the complex market environment in real life, it is difficult to meet the conditions of constant demand. In addition, with the enhancement of low-carbon awareness of enterprises, the study of pricing model based on low-carbon policies has also attracted the attention of a large number of scholars. The robust optimization theory is applied, the inventory pricing model of demand fluctuation under carbon cap, carbon tax and carbon cap-and-trade policies is considered, the robust equivalence form of the problem is studied. The profit comparison under different policies is given. Numerical experiments show that the carbon cap-and-trade policy can better control the carbon emission of enterprises.

Financing and online recycling channel decisions in a closed-loop supply chain

In the context of “Internet + recycling”, remanufacturing enterprises seek cooperation with recycling platforms to develop online recycling channels. Given that many manufacturers have capital constraints in the recycling and production process, we consider bank and recycling platform to provide financial assistance to the manufacturer. This paper constructs a Stackelberg game model under bank financing and recycling platform financing based on two forms of online recycling cooperation: entrusted recycling and direct recycling. Through the comparison of equilibrium profits, the participants’ financing and recycling channel preferences are explored. The results show that the recycling platform is willing to provide financing service for the manufacturer with a larger capital gap, but there are feasibility conditions for the setting of its loan interest rate. The manufacturer with less initial capital tends to choose the financing scheme with a relatively low interest rate, while the reduction of capital gap increases the propensity for bank financing. The lower platform commission prompts the manufacturer to implement direct recycling, and the increase in cost saving rate of remanufacturing and platform interest rate makes the superiority of direct recycling even more significant. However, entrusted recycling is always more profitable for the recycling platform regardless of the financing scheme. Furthermore, differentiated product sales and portfolio financing can have a certain impact on the manufacturer’s financing and recycling decisions.

DEVS: Secure and optimal decentralized energy trading scheme for Electric Vehicle and Charging Station using game theory

SummaryWith the advent and popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), the intelligent transportation system has adopted them as an alternative to fossil fuel or gasoline vehicles owing to their benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emissions. However, it becomes critical to schedule the vast EVs at the charging station (CS) efficiently while maintaining security, privacy, and optimality during the energy trading. Therefore, we propose a blockchain and zero‐sum game theory‐based energy trading scheme, that is, DEVS, for optimal and secure EV charging at the CS. We incorporate the Interplanetary File System with the blockchain to ameliorate the cost‐efficiency and reliability of EV energy trading. Furthermore, we implement the zero‐sum game theory between players EV and CS to yield an optimal payoff based on pure and mixed strategies during the energy trading procedure. Moreover, we deploy and execute the smart contract (SC) of the blockchain‐based proposed DEVS scheme in the Remix integrated development environment to secure EV energy trading transactions. Additionally, the security of the proposed DEVS scheme is checked and analyzed using a fuzzing‐based Echidna tool for protected energy trading. Finally, the performance evaluation of the proposed DEVS scheme is analyzed using various standard metrics such as profit comparison based on strategies, energy price comparison, CS profit comparison for pure strategy (based on arrival time), convergence comparison, and profit (EV and CS) at saddle point and mixed strategy to avail preserved and optimal energy trading for EVs.

Solar or electric: A comparison of farm profitability for groundwater-fed irrigation under different water development regimes in western zone of Tamil Nadu

Solar or electric: A comparison of farm profitability for groundwater-fed irrigation under different water development regimes in western zone of Tamil Nadu

Comparison Of Capital Structure, Profitability, And Third-Party Funds (DPK) Between Bank Bri And Bank Syariah Indonesia: A Comparative Analysis

The banking sector plays a crucial role in the Indonesian economy, becoming the backbone that supports the country's economic growth and stability. In this dynamic landscape, two financial institutions stand out, namely Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) as a representative of conventional banks, and Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) which is committed to Islamic financial principles. The purpose of this study is to determine the comparison of capital structure, profitability, and third party funds (DPK) between BRI banks and Indonesian Islamic banks. This research method uses the Mixed Methods Comparative method, this approach involves the collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative data separately and at the same stage. The results of this study show that  the comparative analysis between Bank BRI and Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) highlights the different dynamics in the capital structure, profitability, and deposits of both. BRI, with its conventional approach, demonstrates flexibility and excellence in diversifying financial resources. On the other hand, BSI, as an Islamic bank, provides evidence that Islamic principles can provide profitability and a sustainable financial foundation. These results provide a better understanding of each bank's role in meeting the needs of society, both in terms of financial services and business ethics principles. Stakeholders, including regulators, investors, and the general public, can use the results of this analysis to make informed decisions and support the sustainable growth of the banking sector in Indonesia.TRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian //  TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//

Exponential growth of ESG funds: a comparison of funding speed and profitability

In this paper, the general objective is to investigate and compare the speed of fundraising and the profitability of ESG Funds in relation to traditional investment funds in the Brazilian financial market between 2010 and 2021. To achieve this goal, we focused on three specific objectives: analyzing the growth rate of ESG Funds' net assets, evaluating the profitability of these funds and examining the impact of macroeconomic variables such as GDP, IPCA and interest rate (CDI) in this context. Using a quantitative methodology, the research analyzed comprehensive financial data on the funds, including information on asset value and profitability indicators. The results show an exponential growth in the ESG Funds' assets over the period studied, setting them apart from traditional funds. In addition, the profitability of ESG Funds proved to be competitive, often surpassing that of conventional funds, suggesting a paradigm shift in the Brazilian financial market. This study provides valuable insights into the evolution of ESG Funds in Brazil, highlighting their growing importance and potential for economic sustainability. The analysis of macroeconomic variables also revealed that ESG Funds not only remain resilient in different economic scenarios, but can also offer a sustainable and profitable path for investors aware of environmental, social and governance challenges.

Gender Intra-Household Dynamics Comparison of Paddy Profitability Due to the Adoption of Improved Agriculture Technology

To compare gender intra-household dynamics of paddy profitability due to the adoption of improved agriculture technology. The study used secondary information gathered from 1,184 Tanzanian households in 2020. The gross margin return was used, and a two-sample t-test with equal variance was used to compare profitability between males and females with regard to the intra-household dynamics. The findings revealed that males are dominant in the intra-household dynamics. There was a significant difference in profit between Male (M = [-80009.6], SD = [719178.8]) and Female (M = [-120980.8], SD = [371716.2]); t(7937) = [2.9561], p = [0.0031] for decision on input use. In farm plot ownership there was a significant difference in profit between Male (M = [-79309.96], SD = [717650.8]) and Female (M = [-134222.8], SD = [179688.6]); t(7951) = [3.7523], p = [0.0031] and For the role in land preparation there was a significant difference in profit between Male (M = -75546.25], SD = [7445178]) and female (M = [122535.2], SD = [358831.1]); t(7937) = [3.4394], p = [0.0006].In addition, the study has found that smallholder farmers, in general, are making a loss in production, although females are making higher losses compared to males. Farmers should use improved agricultural technology in package thus combining technology such as use of improved seeds, fertilizers, herbicide, labor saving machine and irrigation. Also empower female paddy producers by offering agricultural credits to smallholder farmers with favorable terms such that farmers can adopt improved agricultural technologies that will improve their rationality and, hence, the economic well-being of their households.

Повышение эффективности работы пассажирской транспортно-логистической системы

The article presents a complexed data analyses concerning the number of passengers, transferred on municipal regular transportation routes during 12 months. A comparison of the factual profit on routes with an estimated indicator of transfer fare has been made, determined according to the sectoral regulations. On the results of the analyses it is proposed to increase the effectiveness of the logistics of passenger transportation system due to the risks reduction of overpayment or transportation service underfunding.

Business Model Analysis and Profitability Comparison of Internet Celebrity Brokerage Companies

Business Model Analysis and Profitability Comparison of Internet Celebrity Brokerage Companies

Profit comparison analysis in production system simulation based on lean principles to achieve sustainable manufacturing

Companies can achieve effective and efficient process if they make continuous improvements to achieve sustainability. In general, companies are aware of waste in the production process, but do not carry out measurements and analyzes related to this waste, including unit cost and profit analysis. A production system is needed that is able to minimize the unit costs and maximize profits in the company, one of the concepts used is the lean concept. This study aims to analyze the cost unit and profit generated in production systems that apply lean principles. Production system simulation is carried out using the concepts of Heijunka, Jidouka, and Kanban System. These three concepts are applied to a production system simulation that uses miniature cars with unit cost and profit comparison outputs with traditional production systems, pull systems, heijunka, jidouka, and Kanban systems. The results show that the unit cost of simulations 1 to 6 is getting lower, while the profit is increasing. In simulations 1 and 2 no profit was obtained because of implementing the traditional system while in simulations 3 to 6 there was an increase in profit because they had applied lean principles to the production system. Simulations that have implemented the lean concept have low unit costs and increasing profits, but what distinguishes the work methods applied. Production systems that apply the lean concept can help a company achieve sustainability in the economic field.

PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT VOLUME PENJUALAN SERTA PROFITABILITAS SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH SERTIFIKASI HALAL (STUDI PADA PT. MARTINA BERTO TBK)

The aim of this study is to determine the comparison of sales volume and profitability of companies before and after getting halal certification. In this study the authors used the method of the event study approach, event windows and event date. Using the financial statements 5 years before halal certification and 5 years after halal certification, namely in 2007 to 2017. The results of the study by the author can be concluded that there are differences in sales volume and profitability after halal certification, sales volume has increased, while profitability remains not after halal certification.

Pengaruh Akuisisi Terhadap Performa Finansial Pada Perusahaan di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The purpose of this observation is to determine the impact of acquisitions on the financial performance of companies that implement acquisition strategies listed on the IDX. To assess a company's financial performance, comparisons are usually used, including: Comparison of current assets with current debt, comparison of total debt with total assets, and comparison of net profit after tax with sales. The literature review method is applied in this observation which is carried out by reviewing the results of past observations that are in line with this topic, but there are inconsistent outcomes. Observations applied by (Utari, Asriany, and Hamid 2022) which state that in acquiring companies they must be able to assess the financial performance of target companies so that the risk of loss will be reduced. While the observations applied by (Firdaus and Dara 2020) provide information that there is no change in the company's financial performance after the acquisition, the company's financial performance remains stable between pre and post acquisition. Based on this explanation, this observation was chosen to determine the impact of acquisitions on the financial performance of companies with acquisition strategies listed on the IDX.

Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Community-Scale Pyrolysis Technology in Bogor City and its Financial Feasibility

Population growth affects the generation of plastic waste and could potentially increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the burning process. This has become a severe problem as it contributes to global warming. Therefore, plastic waste management is required, for instance, by using pyrolysis technology on a community scale. Such a project will reduce plastic waste and GHG emissions by processing plastic into valuable products. This study aims (1) to estimate potential GHG emissions before the project implementation, (2) to estimate potential GHG emissions reduction after the project implementation, and (3) to assess both potential revenue and profit of pyrolysis products. This study employs SNI 19-3694-1994 method to estimate household waste generated, the clean development mechanism (CDM) method to estimate GHGs emissions reduction, and the profit comparison method (PCM) to asses both revenue and profit of pyrolysis products. The results show that GHG emissions before the project will be 3.69 t CO2e in 2021 and could increase to 4.61 t CO2e in 2030. Potential GHG emissions reduction depends on the fuel types to heat the reactor. Only electric pyrolysis will reduce GHG emissions by up to 0.46 t CO2e (13%) annually. This project is not financially feasible because operational costs (15,772,779 IDR) exceed the annual revenue (1,014,000 IDR).

Profits and inequality during an export boom. Evidence from tax records in Lima, Peru

ABSTRACT Some studies have shown that inequality increased in pre-1930 Latin America as the economy and foreign trade grew. Others have shown that there was no clear relationship between economic growth and inequality. The information on nineteenth-century Peru is useful to estimate income inequality during a period of rapid economic growth. This article estimates the distribution of profits in Lima between 1838 and 1859 using information from tax reports. Mobility across social classes was possible for some guild members. However, financiers and large merchants experienced higher growth in profits than artisans and small traders. In addition, a comparison of profits and wages shows that the richest entrepreneurs experienced a rapid increase in profits during a period of declining real wages. Thus, the income gap between the richest and poorest residents of Lima widened during this period.

What is more relevant? A comparison of cash flows indicators versus profit or loss from listed European companies

What is more relevant? A comparison of cash flows indicators versus profit or loss from listed European companies