Comparison Of Manufacturing Research Articles

Uterine tamponade in postpartum hemorrhage with handmade balloons: Comparison of manufacturing, infusion, and total times.

To compare the manufacturing, infusion, and total times of handmade balloons for uterine tamponade using the El Hennawy and Alves techniques, given the failure of initial measures and uterotonic therapy to control postpartum hemorrhage. An open clinical trial (clinical article) was conducted among 30 physicians, residents, and assistants in an Obstetrics Department. Each participant manufactured and infused one of two different balloons compared in the study, in a randomly predefined sequence. The manufacturing and infusion times were timed by the researchers and their medians were compared using the t test or Mann-Whitney U test. The manufacturing time of the El Hennawy balloon was 72 s lower in relation to the Alves balloon (P< 0.010). Regarding the infusion time, the Alves balloon was filled faster than the El Hennawy balloon (P< 0.010). The total time (manufacturing and infusion) of Alves balloon was also lower than the El Hennawy device (P< 0.010). Although the El Hennawy balloon was manufactured more quickly, the total time of manufacturing and infusing the Alves balloon was much faster, which makes it the most suitable device to be used in critical situations of postpartum hemorrhage.

Assessing the Effect of the Size of R&amp;D Subsidies on the Economic Performance of SMEs: Comparison of Manufacturing and Service Firms in Korea

Assessing the Effect of the Size of R&amp;D Subsidies on the Economic Performance of SMEs: Comparison of Manufacturing and Service Firms in Korea

Advertising and pricing of online direct selling considering network externalities

PurposeConsidering the network externalities of online selling, this paper builds three different online direct selling models: manufacturer direct selling (MN model), network platform direct selling (NN model) and retailer direct selling (RN model). The optimal advertising and pricing decision and corporate profits under each selling model are investigated.Design/methodology/approachCombining the characteristics of online direct selling, this paper formulates direct selling models that are dominated by different companies as Stackelberg game models. Numerical analyses are carried out, along with the comparison of the equilibrium solutions for each model.FindingsThe authors' research shows that increasing network externalities is conducive to the development of enterprises. The network platform's profit is the lowest in the RN model and the highest in the NN one. The comparison of manufacturers' profits between the MN model and the NN model primarily depends on consumers' sensitivities for sales price and advertising promotion level. The manufacturer does not benefit from the RN model due to the lowest efficiency.Originality/valueCoupled with three different online direct selling models and detailed analyses of the optimal solutions, this study has enriched the theoretical foundation of online direct selling. Moreover, this study extends the research of network externalities to the field of e-commerce, revealing the network externalities' influence on the decision-making of the e-supply chain.

Capital Structure of Listed Indian Firms: A Comparison of Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing Sector

Capital Structure of Listed Indian Firms: A Comparison of Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing Sector

A Study on the Smart SCM Establishment of Companies by Enhancing RTE Capability: Focusing on Comparison of Manufacturing and Logistics Companies

A Study on the Smart SCM Establishment of Companies by Enhancing RTE Capability: Focusing on Comparison of Manufacturing and Logistics Companies

Evaluation across and within collaborative manufacturing networks: a comparison of manufacturers’ interactions and attributes

Evaluation on collaborative manufacturing network (CMN) structure characteristics has important implications for network operations such as production decision-making, product recovery, creating consensus. Several recent studies suggest that augmenting network structure with nodes’ attributes can provide a more fine-grained understanding of the network. However, there have been few studies to provide a systematic understanding of these effects in a CMN at scale. This gap is bridged using an industrial printing machinery CMN data-set collected on a web-based producing and outsourcing service platform. Novel phenomena with respect to both interaction and attribute metrics across and within the CMNs are observed. Moreover, although many studies employ either interaction or attribute data to study the relative roles of manufacturers in a CMN, relatively little is known about the relationship between these two types of data. This study explores this relationship by comparing two defined metrics (i.e. relational capability and node capability), which evaluate the manufacturers’ interactions and attributes, respectively. We examine to what extent the two metrics of manufacturers correlate with each other, and how possible dissimilarities and similarities can be explained based on the collected industrial CMN data-set. The insights thereby provide a better basis for efficient operations decision-making in CMN.

A Firm-Level Investigation of Innovation in the Caribbean: A Comparison of Manufacturing and Service Firms

A lack of growth remains a major concern for Caribbean countries. Private sector development has been identified as vital in addressing this problem. Innovation, a necessary condition for competitiveness, is a key channel through which the private sector can help to stimulate growth. An analysis of innovation at the firm level for Caribbean manufacturing and services sectors shows that patent rights, the level of domestic sales, collaboration for innovation purposes, innovation intensity (that is, the efficiency with which innovation funds are managed), availability of technology, knowledge about new market trends, domestic sales, and the size of the workforce are critical to the innovation process in both sectors. Several differences also exist. Innovative service firms are older, in contrast to manufacturing firms, which tend to be younger; foreign ownership is key for service firms; and both types of firms face different obstacles to innovation. Policymakers should tailor policies that take such differences into account.

The Impact of R&amp;D Activities, Technological Innovation and Financial Performance : A comparison of Manufacturing and service Firms in Korea

The Impact of R&amp;D Activities, Technological Innovation and Financial Performance : A comparison of Manufacturing and service Firms in Korea

Research on key technologies for immune monitoring of intelligent manufacturing system

The concept of an intelligent manufacturing system is proposed and described based on a comparison of manufacturing and biological organism systems. To promptly eliminate uncertain disturbances produced during the intelligent manufacturing system’s operation, an immune monitoring model for an intelligent manufacturing system is proposed that is analogous to a biological immune system mechanism. The implementation of immune recognition, assessment, learning, memory, and control regulation in response to abnormal disturbance factors is investigated. The system’s immune evaluation model based on the gray correlation analysis method is carefully analyzed. A neural network-based immune response method is used to deal with the disturbance. Finally, the paper shows how the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified experimentally through a simulation.

The Effect of Frontline Employee Co-creation on Service Innovation: Comparison of Manufacturing and Service Industries

The involvement of frontline employees is critical to successful service innovation. Frontline employees often know what their customers need as well as what types of services their firms offer. Service deliver is highly dependent on the actions of frontline employees, who are the focus of the current research. However, the understanding on the influences of co-creation with frontline employees on service innovation performance is insufficient. Therefore, the research model based on service-dominant logic and empowerment perspective was developed to investigate the effect of co-creation with frontline employees on the performance of service innovation. The results drawn from a survey of 149 IT firms and 103 finance firms suggest the followings. First, the frontline employee co-creation by two-way communication can facilitate frontline employees’ sentiment (i.e., motivation, commitment and satisfaction) for the implementation of new services in both the IT and financial industries. Second, for the IT industry, the frontline employees’ sentiment positively affects the financial performance and non-financial performance, except for the links of motivation–financial performance and commitment–non-financial performance. For the financial industry, the frontline employees’ sentiment positively affects the financial performance and non-financial performance, except for the commitment–financial performance. Third, the effects of satisfaction on financial and non-financial performance are stronger in the IT industry than the financial industry. The links of motivation–financial performance and commitment–non-financial performance are stronger in the financial industry than the IT industry. Finally, we offer some managerial and research implications for service innovation and frontline employee co-creation.

A comparison of manufacturing and disassembly systems from a cellular configuration point of view

The main aim of this research is to analyze the differences between cellular manufacturing and cellular disassembly systems. While doing so, this paper makes a relevant contribution. It proposes a mathematical programming formulation for robust manufacturing and disassembly cell formation problems. A solution method based on the Tabu Search schema is adapted for both problems and will be used for the comparison analysis. The fact that the Tabu Search algorithm has been effective in different cell formation approaches gives us confidence in its reliability, and although alternative metaheuristic approaches may be developed in the future, we opted for adapting this algorithm to the problem at hand, since our first aim is to obtain data to analyze the difference in the design of both types of production environments and not to develop new approaches to the cell formation problem. A full factorial design study is proposed in order to appraise the significance of controllable factors in cellular designs. Four dependent variables were considered in the experiments: total cost, size of the cells, number of intercellular moves, and machine utilization. The issue here is to see what happens with the solutions for each production environment (manufacturing and disassembly) when varying factors, in order to analyze the differences and similarities between both.

Inventory Investment Dynamics and Recoveries: A Comparison of Manufacturing and Retail Trade Sectors

This paper explores the existence of a bounce-back effect in inventory investment using the European Commission opinion survey on stocks of finished products in manufacturing and retail trade sectors. The data are quarterly balance for France, Germany and a European aggregate, from 1985q1 to 2011q4. Our empirical findings support the existence of a high recovery episode for inventory investment, during the quarters immediately following the recessions. This could in turn explain the real GDP growth rate bounce-back pointed out in previous empirical studies. Moreover, according to our estimates, the inventory investment bounce-back occurs later and lasts longer in manufacturing than in retail trade sector.

Quantifying Osteotome Sharpness

(1) To develop a method for quantification of osteotome sharpness in a rhinoplasty model, using artificial bone; (2) to demonstrate changes in osteotome sharpness over multiple uses; and (3) to compare osteotomes from different manufacturers in terms of sharpness and cost. Prospective surgical model. Academic hospital and engineering research facility. Osteotomes were used to make 4-cm cuts through 4-mm wedges of artificial bone. Sharpness was assessed at baseline and following 1, 4, 7, and 10 uses by measuring the load required to cut a #2 Prolene suture. Changes in sharpness from baseline were measured over time, and comparison of manufacturers was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Cost per use was computed for each osteotome. Five osteotomes were tested (Biomet, Black & Black, Miltex, NexEdge, Storz). At baseline, the Storz osteotome was sharpest (1.74 lb, P < .001), followed by Miltex and Biomet (2.50 lb, 2.68 lb) and NexEdge and Black & Black (3.48 lb, 3.40 lb). All osteotomes except NexEdge (P = .098) demonstrated significant decreases in sharpness over time (P = .02 to P < .001), although relative changes and absolute sharpness varied greatly. ANOVA demonstrated Storz to be significantly sharper at all time points (P < .001). Storz and Miltex were superior in cost-per-use analysis. Sharp osteotomes are important in cosmetic and functional rhinoplasty. Instruments may appear the same but can be quite dissimilar in efficacy and cost. Indeed, relative efficacy has not been previously tested. Quantitative analysis performance and cost-effectiveness analyses are reported here and can assist the surgeon in selection and maintenance of instruments.

Quantifying Osteotome Sharpness: Comparing the Major Manufacturers

Objective: 1) Develop a method for quantification of osteotome sharpness in a rhinoplasty model, using artificial bone; 2) demonstrate changes in osteotome sharpness over multiple uses; and, 3) compare sharpness of osteotomes from different manufacturers at baseline and after multiple uses. Method: Osteotomes were passed through synthetic bone blocks. Sharpness was measured using the Instron Universal Tester (force required to cut #2 Prolene suture) at baseline and after 1, 4, 7, and 10 osteotomies. Changes in sharpness over time were assessed using within-sample t tests. Comparison of manufacturers was performed with multiway ANOVA. Results: A novel, prospective surgical model was developed. Osteotomes from 5 manufacturers were tested (Nextedge, Black &amp; Black, Storz, Miltex, and Biomet). Baseline measurements showed that the Storz osteotome was sharpest (1.74 lbs, P &lt; .001), followed by Miltex and Biomet (2.50 lbs, 2.68 lbs), and Nextedge and Black &amp; Black (3.48 lbs, 3.40 lbs). All osteotomes except Nextedge ( P = .098) demonstrated a significant decrease in sharpness over time ( P = .02 to P &lt; .001), though relative changes and absolute sharpness varied widely between instruments. ANOVA showed the Storz osteotome was significantly sharper across all uses and timepoints ( P &lt; .001). The greatest decrease in sharpness over time was seen with Black &amp; Black (-1.28 lbs). Conclusion: Otolaryngologists use osteotomes in cosmetic and functional rhinoplasty. Millimeter-level accuracy in these procedures is essential to maximize outcome and minimize complications. Multiple similar-appearing instruments are available, but their relative efficacy is infrequently tested. We have demonstrated that, at least in the case of osteotomes, not all instruments are created equally.

Geographies, motivations and benefits from ISO 9000 standard: a comparison of manufacturing and service organisations

In this research we aim to empirically describe differences between manufacturing and service industries in terms of their geographies, motivations and benefits from ISO 9000 certification. Based on the response from 422 New Zealand based ISO 9000 certified organisations, we reveal that service organisations are focused on national business environment whereas manufacturing sector is more linked to international business. Furthermore, ISO 9000 service organisations experience less coercive pressure to get certified in comparison to their manufacturing counterparts and both sectors gain similar benefits from the certification. We have also concluded that our findings are relevant to global population of ISO 9000 certified companies as New Zealand patterns of ISO 9000 are comparable with patterns identified in other developed countries such as the USA, Australia or France.

A comparison of manufacturing and remanufacturing energy intensities with application to diesel engine production

Climate change reports and policies relating to end-of-use products, CO 2 emissions, and energy are causing manufacturers to examine their operations closely. Several reports have touted the economic and environmental benefits of remanufacturing, including claims of significant reductions in terms of energy and CO 2 emissions. However, large-scale remanufacturing of heavy equipment engine components has not been closely examined and no standard procedure exists to quantify the benefits of remanufacturing. A methodology is presented for determining the energy intensity and benefits of remanufacturing as compared to new manufacturing, and this is applied to a diesel engine example. These findings are used to estimate the embodied manufacturing/remanufacturing energy across multiple use cycles.

ISO 9000 series of standards: comparison of manufacturing and service organisations

PurposeWhile manufacturing organisations were early adopters of ISO 9000, lately, many service sector organisations have also pursued adoption. The aim of this paper is to compare the experiences with the standard of the two sectors.Design/methodology/approachThe research collected data from 149 service and 160 manufacturing organisations using a common survey measurement instrument.FindingsResults show that there are no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of time and cost of obtaining registration. Also, there are only small points of differences in motivation for registration and difficulties faced. There are greater differences between the groups in terms of benefits gained and management practices associated with the standard.Originality/valueThese results provide interesting insights into how the two groups perceive and engage with the standard, how cross‐industry diffusion could be taking place, and the veracity of the claims made about the universal applicability of the standard. These findings imply that service organisations can learn from the experiences of the manufacturing sector, but copying carte blanche the implementation strategies is fraught with risks. Further, the standard is not universally applicable and may need industry‐specific tailoring.

Incidence and Patterns of Representation Campaign Tactics: A Comparison of Manufacturing and Service Unions

Using data on 430 campaigns provided by organizers employed by eight U.S. unions, this paper examines the incidence and patterns of organizing tactics in representation campaigns. Three issues are addressed: how prévalent are various organizing strategies and tactics?; do tactics differ by union type?; and do patterns exist among campaign tactics?

Comparison of manufacturers’ specifications for 44 types of heat and moisture exchanging filters

Although heat and moisture exchanging filters (HMEF) are recommended for use during anaesthesia, the criteria for choosing a filter are not clearly defined. Manufacturers offer many different types of HMEF with various technical characteristics. We compared the technical specifications provided by the manufacturers for different types of HMEF. Filter manufacturers were asked to provide technical information. Additional information was obtained from websites. Information about 44 filters (16 mechanical and 28 electrostatic) was collated. Filter performances were estimated with different sizes of microorganism and durations of challenge. Twenty-eight filters had not been tested by independent laboratories. For 12 of the filters, information obtained from websites and from the manufacturers differed. Most filter specifications claimed high efficiency, particularly for filtration, microbial challenge number and test duration. Electrostatic filters used in anaesthesia were claimed to have high filtration efficiency, similar to the efficiency provided by mechanical filters. Excluding moisture output values did not alter the general conclusions. Technical aspects of the tests, international standards, and independent validation should be considered when a filter is chosen.

A comparison of manufacturers and financial services suppliers' and buyers' use of relationship management methods

Suppliers and customers work within a network in which they have a vast array of diverse relationships they have to manage [Easton, G. (1992). Industrial networks: A new view of reality. London: Routledge; Turnbull, P. W., & Moustakatos, T. Int. J. Bank Mark. 14 (1996) 26]. Past research in relationship portfolio analysis [Turnbull, P. W., & Cunningham, M. T. (Eds.). (1981). International marketing and purchasing: A survey among marketing and purchasing executives in five European countries. London: Macmillan Press; Fioca, R. Ind. Mark. Manage. 11 (1982) 53; Campbell, N. C. G. & Cunningham, M. T. Strateg. Manage. J. 4 (1983) 369; Reicheld, F. F. & Sasser W. E. Harv. Bus. Rev. (1990) 105; Krapfel, R. E., Salmond, D., & Spekman R. Eur. J. Mark. 25 (1991) 72] has sought to enable companies to allocate resources efficiently and effectively to different kinds of relationships. However, little research has been carried out to investigate how this concept can be applied across sectors, across functions, across manufacturing and financial services, and across suppliers and buyers. This research explores three methods of managing relationships: formal, documented systems, personal judgement, and meetings. The perceived usefulness of each method and combination of methods used varied across industrial sectors and functions. All three methods were used by the majority of financial suppliers and buyers and manufacturing buyers while manufacturing suppliers tended to use personal judgement and meetings. Overall, meetings were perceived as the most useful method for managing relationships. Formal, documented systems were generally perceived as the least useful method by all of the groups except the financial services buyers. Since relationship portfolio analysis is generally perceived as being less useful than personal judgement and meetings, researchers must reexamine the models put forward to improve their applicability and usefulness in industrial settings.