Hemodynamic Comparison Research Articles

大動脈弁置換術後遠隔期の弁機能

大動脈弁置換術後遠隔期の弁機能

Revascularization of the Lower Extremity : A Noninvasive Hemodynamic Comparison of Aorto-Femoral, Axillo-Femoral and Femoro-Femoral Bypass

Thirteen patients who underwent aorto-bifemoral bypass (A-F), 12 who had femoro-femoral bypass (F-F), and 8 who had axillo-femoral bypass (Ax-F) were evaluated to compare the hemodynamic improvement of the individual proce dures by recording mean preoperative and postoperative ankle/arm pressure index (API) in symptomatic extremities.. Hemodynamic improvement as measured by API was the same for A-F, F-F, Ax- F. A decision about whether A-F, F-F, or Ax-F would be appropriate should be made by considerations other than the expected immediate hemodynamic bene fit, for there is no statistically significant difference in the hemodynamic im provement among these three common bypass procedures.

A comparison of cat lung hemodynamics with model predictions: J.H. Linehan, A. Krishnan, C.A. Dawson and D.A. Rickaby Biomedical Engineering Division, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233; Research Service 151A, Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295; Dept. of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226

A comparison of cat lung hemodynamics with model predictions: J.H. Linehan, A. Krishnan, C.A. Dawson and D.A. Rickaby Biomedical Engineering Division, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233; Research Service 151A, Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295; Dept. of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226

Effects of beta-blockade on exercise capacity of trained and untrained men: a hemodynamic comparison

To study the effects of cardiovascular fitness on hemodynamic responses to exercise during beta-adrenergic blockade (BAB), submaximal [60% of maximum O2 uptake (VO2max)] and maximal treadmill exercise data were collected in 11 trained (T, VO2max 63.3 ml X kg-1 X min-1, 26.8 yr) and 11 untrained (UT, VO2max 44.5 ml X kg-1 X min-1, 25.0 yr) male subjects. Subjects completed two maximal control tests followed by a randomized, double-blind series of maximal tests after 1-wk treatments with placebo (PLAC), propranolol (PROP, 160 mg/day, beta 1- and beta 2-blockade), and atenolol (ATEN, 100 mg/day, beta 1-blockade). Treatments were separated by 1-wk washout periods. At 60% of control VO2max T and UT subjects experienced no reductions in O2 uptake (VO2) with either drug. Submaximal heart rate (HR, beats/min) was 134.8 PLAC, 107.0 PROP, 107.9 ATEN (P less than 0.05 both drugs vs. PLAC) in T subjects and 141.1 PLAC, 106.1 PROP, and 105.0 ATEN (P less than 0.05 both drugs vs. PLAC) in UT subjects. Cardiac output (1/min) for T was 17.3 PLAC, 16.9 PROP, 16.5 ATEN (P less than 0.05 ATEN vs. PLAC in T only) and for UT it was 12.2 (PLAC), 11.7 (PROP), 11.5 (ATEN) (P less than 0.05 both drugs vs. PLAC in UT). Stroke volume increased from 129.8 ml (PLAC) to 158.6 (PROP) and 156.2 (ATEN) in T (P less than 0.05 both drugs vs. PLAC) and from 86.8 (PLAC) to 110.0 (PROP) and 109.8 (ATEN) (P less than 0.05 both drugs vs. PLAC) in UT. The increases in stroke volume (SV) were similar in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A hemodynamic comparison of young and older endurance athletes during exercise

Page 2041: J. M. Hagberg, W. K. Allen, D. R. Seals, B. F. Hurley, A. A. Ehsani, and J. 0. Holloszy. “A hemodynamic comparison of young and older endurance athletes during exercise.” Page 2043: first sentence in the section entitled Vo2 max (Table 2) should read: The master athletes' Vo2 max was 9% lower than that of the matched young runners ( P < 0.01) when expressed either in milliliters per kilogram per minute, liters per minute, or milliliters per kilogram of LBW per minute.

In vivo hemodynamic comparison of porcine and pericardial valves

The bovine pericardial valve and the SupraAnnular valve have been developed to improve the hemodynamic function of tissue valves. Hemodynamic performances of the standard Carpentier-Edwards porcine valve, the Carpentier-Edwards SupraAnnular valve, and the Carpentier-Edwards bovine pericardial valve were compared in the aortic position. One hundred patients undergoing aortic valve replacement were studied intraoperatively. Mean gradient across the valve decreased for standard and pericardial valves as valve size increased. At the same flow rate, the 23 mm pericardial valve had larger valve orifice areas, higher performance indices, and lower gradients than the 23 mm SupraAnnular valve. The SupraAnnular valve is hemodynamically superior to the standard Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprosthesis. The Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valve, however, is less obstructive in the aortic position than either of the porcine valves.

Revascularization of the Lower Extremity: A Non-invasive Hemodynamic Comparison of Aorto-Femoral and Femoral-Femoral Bypass

Nine patients who underwent bilateral aorto-femoral bypass and seven patients who underwent femoral-femoral bypass were evaluated to determine the increase in ankle/ arm index (a/a index) in symptomatic extremities. All patients underwent pre- and postoperative noninvasive evaluation. There were 13 symptomatic extremities in the 9 patients undergoing aorto-femoral bypass. The mean pre-operative a/a index in the aorto-femoral group was 0.50±0.15. The mean post-operative value was 0.75±0.16 (p<0.0001). The mean pre-operative value in the femoral-femoral group was 0.39±0.30 and the mean post-operative value 0.74±0.24 (p<0.02). The increase in the postoperative a/a index was the same with femoral-femoral bypass as with aorto-femoral bypass. A decision as to whether aorto-femoral or femoral-femoral bypass should be performed should be determined by considerations other than the expected immediate hemodynamic effect. Extra-anatomic bypass has become an alternative to standard aorto-femoral bypass for lower extremity revascularization in selected patients. 1,2 There have been numerous reports which have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of both of these procedures in relieving ischemia.3 The hemodynamic effects of aorto-femoral bypass have been extensively studied non-invasively by comparing pre- and post-operative values of the ankle/arm index (a/a index).4 We have retrospectively studied the results of both aorto-femoral and femoral-femoral bypass to determine the relative effect of each in increasing the a/a index and to determine whether aorto-femoral bypass raises the a/a index more than does the femoral-femoral bypass.

Pre- and postoperative hemodynamic assessments and survival rates in patients with postinfarction ventricular septal perforation.

Pre- and postoperative hemodynamics were assessed in 14 consecutive patients who developed ventricular septal perforation (VSP) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Results were correlated with the surgical outcome and with postoperative clinical improvements. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the time intervals between the onset of AMI and the operation; acute (within 2 weeks after AMI), subacute (between 2 and 4 weeks) and chronic (after 4 weeks). In the above groups, 6, 2 and 6 patients were included, respectively. Eleven patients had anteroseptal infarction and 3 patients sustained inferior infarction. The survival rates were 33, 50 and 100% in the acute, subacute and chronic groups, respectively with an overall survival rate of 64%. Hemodynamic comparisons between survivors and non-survivors revealed that the systolic aortic pressure and left ventricular stroke volume index were significantly higher and the right ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly lower in survivors than in non-survivors (p less than 0.05). Although no statistical significance was obtained, left ventricular end-diastolic volumes and ejection fractions were higher in survivors. No difference was present between survivors and non-survivors in either Qp/Qs, Pp/Ps, Rp/Rs, systolic pulmonary pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure or cardiac index. Patients with low arterial pressure and high right ventricular end-diastolic pressure under intensive medical regimens, indicating the presence of cardiogenic shock and/or associated right ventricular infarction or severe failure, had a high mortality and should be considered for emergency operation. Postoperative hemodynamics improved significantly in all variables measured (p less than 0.05-0.01). Patients with a VSP should all be considered for surgery unless a definite contraindication exists.

Hemodynamic comparison of primary venous or arteriolar dilatation and the subsequent effect of furosemide in left ventricular failure after acute myocardial infarction

The hemodynamic effect of venous dilatation (intravenous isosorbide dinitrate [ISDN]) and arteriolar dilatation (intravenous hydralazine), both as firstline treatment and then combined with intravenous furosemide, were evaluated in a randomized, between-group comparison in 20 men with severe acute left-sided cardiac failure after myocardial infarction (Ml). Both ISDN (50 to 200 μg/kg/hour) (Group 1) and hydralazine (0.15 mg/kg) (Group 2) reduced systemic arterial pressure (p < 0.05) and vascular resistance (p < 0.05). Pulmonary artery occluded pressure was reduced (p < 0.01) only by ISDN, whereas heart rate (p < 0.01), cardiac output (p < 0.01) and stroke volume (p < 0.05) were increased only after hydralazine. After ISDN, furosemide (1 mg/kg) decreased left-sided cardiac filling pressure by 1 mm Hg (p > 0.05), whereas after hydralazine, furosemide in a similar dose reduced pulmonary artery occluded pressure by 5 mm Hg (p < 0.01). In both groups of patients, furosemide transiently increased systemic arterial pressure (p < 0.05). Cardiac output was reduced (p < 0.05) and systemic vascular resistance increased (p < 0.05) in Group 1 patients after furosemide. Similar changes in both variables in Group 2 patients did not attain statistical significance. In conclusion, ISDN induced venous dilatation is preferable to primary arteriolar dilatation by hydralazine as first-line treatment in acute left-sided cardiac failure. However, hydralazine and furosemide in combination were equally effective in reducing pulmonary artery occluded pressure and increasing cardiac output. The influences of each regimen on prognosis await further investigation.

Comparison of the systemic hemodynamics in normotensive and hypertensive rats

9. i0. M. G. Tikhova, L. E. Bakeeva, Yu. S. Chentsov, et al. D in: Proceedings of the Second National Congress on Biochemistry and Biophysics [in Russian], Varna, Bulgaria (1978), p. 73. A. V. Trubetskoi, in: Problems in Physiology and Pathology of the Circulation [in Russian], Stavropol' (1977), p. 28. B. Kisch, Electron Microscopy of the Cardiovascular System, Springfield (1960). E. Reynolds, J. Cell Biol., 17, 20 (1963). J. D. Sink, W. D. Currie, R. C. Hill, et al., Am. J. Physiol., 45, 394 (1980).

Hemodynamic comparison of dopamine and dobutamine in the postoperative volume-loaded, pressure-loaded, and normal ventricle

We compared dopamine and dobutamine in 17 patients after cardiac operations, with each patient serving as his own control for both drugs. Six patients had coronary bypass (Group I, normal ventricle); six had valve replacement for mitral or aortic insufficiency (Group II, volume-loaded ventricle); and five had valve replacement for aortic stenosis (Group III, pressure-loaded ventricle). Heart rate, right atrial, left atrial, pulmonary artery, and systemic arterial pressures, pulmonary vascular (PVR) and systemic vascular (SVR) resistances, and cardiac index were measured. Data were collected 18 to 24 hours postoperatively before, during, and after elective infusion of dopamine and dobutamine at 2.5 and 5.0 μg / kg / min. A 60 minute infusion of the first drug (30 minutes at each dosage) was followed by a 60 minute control period and then by a 60 minute infusion of the second drug. Control values before each drug, control versus peak response at 5.0 μg/kg/min, and the absolute values and mean percent changes from control were compared. In the normal ventricle (Group I), dobutamine is more chronotropic (heart rate increased 20%), causes a greater increase in cardiac output (+19%), and a greater reduction in SVR (- 13%) and PVR (- 19%) than dopamine. In the volume-loaded ventricle (Group II), dopamine and dobutamine augment heart rate (+31% and +36%) and cardiac output (+33% and +32%) equally, but dobutamine reduces left ventricular afterload (SVR fell 26%) significantly more than dopamine (SVR fell 11%). Neither agent produces significant hemodynamic changes in the pressure-loaded ventricle (Group III), although there is a trend toward greater left ventricular afterload reduction with dobutamine.

Hemodynamic comparison of intravenous amrinone and dobutamine in patients with chronic congestive heart failure

Amrinone, a new inotropic agent, has been shown to be beneficial in patients with congestive heart failure. However, its hemodynamic effects have not been compared with those of currently useful catecholamines. In this study, the effects of intravenously administered dobutamine and amrinone were compared in eight patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Dobutamine was infused until a maximal increase in cardiac index was reached or undesirable effects were produced. This dose was then continued for 8 hours. After a return of hemodynamic values to baseline level, amrinone was infused at a rate of 40 μg/kg per min for 1 hour and then 10 μg/kg per min for 24 hours. Both drugs significantly improved cardiac index while simultaneously decreasing systemic vascular resistance and right atrial and pulmonary wedge pressures (p <0.05). Initially no differences could be found between the drugs. However, with prolonged infusion amrinone produced a sustained improvement whereas dobutamine had a decreased effectiveness. Thus, amrinone is comparable in effect with the optimal dose of dobutamine and would appear to be an extremely promising drug in the acute treatment of severe congestive heart failure.

Hemodynamic evaluation of the carpentier-edwards bioprosthesis in the aortic position

The Carpentier-Edwards bioprosthesis is a glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine xenograft with a fully flexible thin-walled stent. Cardiac catheterization studies were performed in 17 patients to evaluate use of this valve in the aortic position. Hemodynamic studies established a mean peak gradient across the prosthesis of 19 mm Hg (range 5 to 65). The mean effective orifice area was calculated to be 1.6 cm 2 (range 0.8 to 3.3). All patients demonstrated an improvement in functional class after operation. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 51 ± 16 to 68 ± 9 percent ( P < 0.004) in eight patients operated on for aortic stenosis, but was not significantly changed in patients operated on for aortic insufficiency. Hemodynamic comparison of the Carpentier-Edwards bioprosthesis with the standard Hancock xenograft showed similar effective orifice areas for the 23 and 25 mm diameter valves. In two patients studied the 21 mm Carpentier valve demonstrated a greater effective orifice area than that previously reported for the standard Hancock xenograft. The Carpentier-Edwards bioprosthesis affords both clinical and hemodynamic improvement when used in the aortic position and may allow improved effective orifice area when used in the smaller aortic root.

Comparison of hemodynamics in conscious spontaneous and renal hypertensive rats

ARTICLESComparison of hemodynamics in conscious spontaneous and renal hypertensive ratsR. A. Ferrone, G. M. Walsh, M. Tsuchiya, and E. D. FrohlichR. A. Ferrone, G. M. Walsh, M. Tsuchiya, and E. D. FrohlichPublished Online:01 Mar 1979https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1979.236.3.H403MoreSectionsPDF (2 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByElabela Protects Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats From Hypertension and Cardiorenal Dysfunctions Exacerbated by Dietary High-Salt Intake27 July 2021 | Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol. 12Pivotal role of the renin-angiotensin system in Lyon hypertensive ratsPierre Lantelme, Ming Lo, Laurent Luttenauer, and Jean Sassard1 November 1997 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 273, No. 5Contribution of regional vascular responses to whole body autoregulation in conscious areflexic rats.Hypertension, Vol. 17, No. 6_pt_2Hemodynamic characteristics of the intestinal microcirculation in renal hypertension.Hypertension, Vol. 8, No. 1Systemic and regional hemodynamic changes associated with anterior hypothalamic lesions in conscious rats.Hypertension, Vol. 3, No. 2 More from this issue > Volume 236Issue 3March 1979Pages H403-H408 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1979 the American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1979.236.3.H403PubMed426074History Published online 1 March 1979 Published in print 1 March 1979 Metrics

Comparison of hemodynamic effects of exercise and isoproterenol infusion in normal young and old men.

Hemodynamic comparison of ergometer exercise with isoproterenol infusion was carried out in normal young and old men, and age associated difference in responses to exercise and isoproterenol was evaluated. Ergometer exercises of 50, 100 and 150 W in young men, averaging 23.0 years, increased heart rate in linear fashion from 73.8 to 149.2, while stroke index was raised at 50 W and remained at the same level thereafter. The isoproterenol infusion of 0.02 and 0.04 microgram/kg/min increased heart rate, stroke index and cardiac index by similar amount to 50 and 100 W or ergometer exercise respectively. Ergometer exercise elevated systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure linearly, while isoproterenol infusion lowered diastolic and mean blood pressure. In old men, averaging 73.0 years, the tolerable limit of ergometer exercise was 40 W. The increases in heart rate, cardiac index and blood pressure at the comparable work level were by similar amount to the young subjects, indicating the identical hemodynamic responses in young and old men at the same work load. Cardiac index to isoproterenol infusion of 0.02 microgram/kg/min showed less increase than ergometer exercise of 40 W in the aged. Furthermore, the increase in cardiac index to isoproterenol was less in old than young men, showing a decreased response to beta adrenergic stimulation in the aged.

A hemodynamic comparison of ventricular and atrial pacing after open-heart surgery

A hemodynamic comparison of ventricular and atrial pacing after open-heart surgery

Cl:nical and experimental studies on a hemodynamic comparison of the left ventricular and the right ventricular pacemaking

Cl:nical and experimental studies on a hemodynamic comparison of the left ventricular and the right ventricular pacemaking

Effects of catecholamines, histamine, and nitroglycerin on flow, oxygen utilization, and adenosine production in the perfused guinea pig heart.

Effects of catecholamines, histamine, and nitroglycerin on flow, oxygen utilization, and adenosine production in the perfused guinea pig heart.

Radiographic, Hemodynamic and Clinical Comparison of Pulmonary Venous Hypertension Complicating Acute Respiratory Failure in Severe Chronic Airway Obstruction

Radiographic, Hemodynamic and Clinical Comparison of Pulmonary Venous Hypertension Complicating Acute Respiratory Failure in Severe Chronic Airway Obstruction

Hemodynamic comparison of agents useful in hypertensive emergencies

Hemodynamic effects of trimethaphan camphorate (1 mg. per milliliter), a short-acting ganglion blocking agent, sodium nitroprusside (60 μg per milliliter), a vasodilator, and diazoxide (300 mg.), a thiazide congener and vasodilator, were administered intravenously to hypertensive patients. Each drug significantly reduced arterial pressure, but the immediate reduction by diazoxide returned toward pretreatment levels after 20 minutes. The hypotension observed with each agent was associated with reflexive increase in heart rate, but only diazoxide increased cardiac output and left ventricular ejection rate. These results indicate that nitroprusside and trimethaphan can achieve similar hypotensive effects to diazoxide but without additional myocardial stimulation.