Compare Cone-beam Computed Tomography Research Articles

CBCT vs panoramic radiography in assessment of impacted upper canine and root resorption of the adjacent teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The IC may cause reabsorption of adjacent teeth; therefore detailed assessment of its position would enhance decision-making in the clinical workflow. The objective was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiography (PR) in assessing the position of the impacted upper canine (IC) and root resorption of adjacent teeth. Pubmed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were searched for studies published before August 2023. Studies that evaluated IC by using both imaging methods were included. For statistical analysis, the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Biostat; Englewood, NJ) was used, p≤0.05. A total of 17 articles were included, with 877 patients (average age of 17.6 years) and 1,115 ICs. The most frequent mesio-distal location of the IC was in sectors 3 and 4. The meta-analysis was performed with eleven studies. CBCT was more accurate in determining the labio-palatal position compared with PR (p<0.001) (CI 95%; 60% in labial position, 0.254-0.542, OR:0.398; 56% in palatal position, 0.350-0.533, OR:0.441; 78% in mid-alveolus position, 0.188-0.234, OR:0.221). For IC angulation to the midline, CBCT showing a smaller and more accurate angle than PR (p<0.001) (CI 95%, 18.008-33.686). IC angulation to the occlusal plane and lateral incisor, there was smaller angle in PR compared to CBCT (p<0.001) (CI 95%, 51.292-65.934; CI 95%, 30.011-55.954). With PR, fewer cases of root resorption of teeth adjacent to the IC were visualized compared with CBCT (86% less) (p<0.001) (CI 95%, 0.089-0.186; OR value: 0.138; n=1049). CBCT showed statistically significant differences compared to PR in the assessment of IC position and root resorption of adjacent teeth. CBCT provided clinically relevant information that may contribute to diagnosing and planning IC treatment when PR was not sufficient. Key words:Canine teeth, tooth, impacted, panoramic radiography, Cone-beam computed tomography, systematic review, meta-analysis.

Observer agreement of imaging measurements used for evaluation of dentofacial deformity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

To examine the precision of imaging measures commonly used to assess mandibular morphology in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Secondly, to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the measurement of condylar height. Those included were children diagnosed with JIA during 2015-18 who had had an MRI, a CBCT of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and a lateral cephalogram (ceph) of the head within one month of each other. Agreement within and between observers and methods was examined using Bland-Altman mean-difference plots and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). A 95% LOA within 15% of the sample mean was considered acceptable. Minimal detectable change (MDC) within and between observers was estimated. 90 patients (33 males) were included, with a mean age of 12.8 years. For MRI, intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were relatively narrow for total mandibular length: 9.6% of the sample mean. For CBCT, condylar height, both intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were wide: 16.0 and 28.4% of the sample mean, respectively. For ceph, both intra- and interobserver 95% LOA were narrow for the SNA-angle and gonion angle: 5.9 and 8% of the sample mean, and 6.2 and 6.8%, respectively. We have identified a set of precise measurements for facial morphology assessments in JIA, including one MRI-based (total mandibular length), one CBCT-based (condylar height), and three ceph-based. Condylar height was higher for MRI than for CBCT; however, the measurement was too imprecise for clinical use. MDC was also determined for a series of measurements.

Assessing mandibular body changes in growing subjects: a comparison of CBCT and reconstructed lateral cephalogram measurements

The aim of this study is to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and bi-dimensional reconstructed lateral cephalograms (RLCs) in assessing mandibular body length and growth and to evaluate how mandibular reshaping influences the error in measuring mandibular body growth in bi-dimensional radiographs. Twenty-five patients with two CBCT scans taken at a mean distance of 2.21 ± 0.5 years were selected. The following measurements were performed: right and left mandibular body length at each point in time, mandibular growth, inter-gonial distance and mandibular symphyseal angle. From each CBCT, an RLC was obtained, and mandibular body length and growth were measured. Data analysis revealed a statistically and clinically significant difference in CBCT and RLC regarding the mandibular length of each patient at each point in time. However, mandibular growth was almost identical. A linear regression was performed to predict growth distortion between RLCs and CBCT depending on the ratio between transverse and sagittal mandibular growth. The expected maximum and minimum distortion, however, appeared not to be significant. In fact, a second linear regression model and a Bland–Altman test revealed a strong correlation between measurements of average mandibular body growth by CBCT and RLCs. As the same distortion occurs in the first and second RLCs, bi-dimensional radiographs remain the method of choice in evaluating mandibular body growth.

Comparison of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Periapical Radiography to Determine the Proximity of Periapical Lesions to Anatomical Structures in Premaxillary Area prior to Surgical Endodontics: A Clinical Study.

AimIn the anterior maxillary region when periapical (PA) surgery is contemplated, knowledge of relation between root apices and lesion, spatial relationship of tooth root to adjacent anatomical structures is essential. The aim of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and PA radiography to determine the proximity of PA lesions to anatomical structures in the premaxillary area for decision-making before apical surgery.Materials and methodsTwenty subjects were selected. Three endodontists viewed PA radiographs and CBCT images. These observers (1) determined proximity of lesion to anatomical structures and (2) made decisions on treatment based on each imaging modality. Chi-square test was used to check the relationship between the treatment plans given by PA radiographs and CBCT images. Reliability of the observations was evaluated using intraclass correlation (ICC).ResultsSignificant difference was noted in the treatment plan selected by the observers using the two modalities (p < 0.05).ConclusionAfter the lesions were observed with CBCT, there was an increase in the number of teeth involved with the lesion. A change in the observer's treatment plan was recorded after viewing the CBCT scans.How to cite this articleSheth K, Kapoor S, Daveshwar S, et al. Comparison of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Periapical Radiography to Determine the Proximity of Periapical Lesions to Anatomical Structures in Premaxillary Area prior to Surgical Endodontics: A Clinical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(4):322–326.

Comparison Efficiency of Posteroanterior Cephalometry and Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Detecting Craniofacial Asymmetry: A Systematic Review.

Objectives:The aim of this systematic review is to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and two-dimensional radiography in the assessment of facial asymmetry.Methods:Three valid electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for articles published from 1973 to February 2017. Hand searching was done through references of selected articles, internal thesis, and national and international conferences. The titles and abstracts obtained from the search were evaluated by reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:The established search strategy identified 2137 articles. A total of 2079 articles were from electronic search in three international databases and 58 articles from hand searching. After eliminating duplicate articles and on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles and 1 thesis entered the final analysis. Bayesian meta-analysis was done due to the heterogeneity of articles and the differences related to the methodology of the studies. According to this method, analyzing J-J landmark in two studies showed that there were no statistical differences between posteroanterior (PA) radiography and three-dimensional method with reference standard.Conclusion:The results of the study showed that there was no preference between the two techniques in measuring and diagnosing the landmarks and evaluating asymmetry. It can be concluded that in patients having problems other than asymmetry and need more information for the treatment plan, CBCT is more helpful than PA cephalometry.

CBCT and MRT imaging in patients clinically diagnosed with temporomandibular joint arthralgia

ObjectivesTo compare cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthralgia in respect of the evaluation of bony structures, and to correlate joint space distances measured in CBCT with the morphology and the position of the disc visualized in MRT. Materials & methods26 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) in 13 patients clinically diagnosed with TMJ arthralgia were examined by both CBCT and MRT. All images were evaluated by use of a form. The results were compared in regard of conformability of the diagnoses of osseous structures established by each imaging method. Anterior, superior and posterior joint space distances measured in CBCT-images were related to disc morphology and position visualized in MRT. ResultsConformability of CBCT and MRT in the evaluation of bony TMJ structures ranged from 69.3 to 96.6 %. Osseous alterations such as erosions, osteophytes and cysts detected by CBCT could partly not be discerned by MRT. The correlation of joint space distances with disc morphology (biconcave or not biconcave) was not statistically significant. The correlation of joint space distances and disc position was statistically significant only for the superior joint distance. ConclusionCBCT outclasses MRT in the visualization of osseous alterations, which are diacritic in the differentiation of simple arthralgia from osteoarthritis. Therefore, CBCT imaging is appropriate in patients clinically diagnosed with TMJ arthralgia.Superior joint space distance not being the highest joint space in sagittal CBCT indicates an anterior disc displacement.For the visualization of structural changes or displacement of the disc frequently associated with osseous changes, MRT is the optimal tool. Thus, the combination of the two imaging methods allows a comprehensive diagnosis in TMJ arthralgia patients.

Marginal Leakage of Class V Composite Resin Restorations

Introduction: Marginal leakage is one of the significant causes of restoration failure. This in-vitro study was conducted to compare cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dye-penetration methods for determining marginal leakage at gingival surface of class V resin composite restorations. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of nineteen caries-free extracted human molar teeth. Cavities were conditioned and filled. The teeth were immersed in a 50% w/w aqueous silver nitrate solution for 24 h and were taken out and rinsed with distilled water. Then, they were put into a developing solution. Whole specimens were first viewed with CBCT and were then sectioned and evaluated by stereomicroscope. Results: Measurement of agreement between CBCT and stereomicroscope revealed that 15 (78.9%) teeth had score 0, 1 (5.3%) tooth had score 1, and 1 (5.3%) tooth had score 2 in both techniques. Measurement of agreement between CBCT and stereomicroscope techniques, in the detection of marginal leakage, was 89.5% (Kappa coefficient = 0.627, P = 0.00). The Wilcoxon paired rank test revealed no significant difference between the results of CBCT and stereomicroscope in measuring the leakage at gingival margin (P = 0.157). Conclusion: Considering the limitations of the study, there was no significant difference between the results of CBCT and stereomicroscope in measuring the leakage at gingival margin of class V composite restorations. CBCT can be used noninvasively to detect the marginal leakage of gingival wall of class V composite restorations using aqueous silver nitrate solution as a tracer.

A comparative study of cone-beam computed tomography and digital panoramic radiography for detecting pulp stones.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital panoramic radiography (DPR) for the detection of pulp stones.Materials and MethodsDPR and CBCT images of 202 patients were randomly selected from the database of our department. All teeth were evaluated in sagittal, axial, and coronal sections in CBCT images. The systemic condition of patients, the presence of pulp stones, the location of the tooth, the group of teeth, and the presence and depth of caries and restorations were recorded. The presence of pulp stones in molar teeth was compared between DPR and CBCT images.ResultsPulp stones were identified in 105 (52.0%) of the 202 subjects and in 434 (7.7%) of the 5,656 teeth examined. The prevalence of pulp stones was similar between the sexes and across various tooth locations and groups of teeth (P>.05). A positive correlation was observed between age and the number of pulp stones (ρ=0.277, P<.01). Pulp stones were found significantly more often in restored or carious teeth (P<.001). CBCT and DPR showed a significant difference in the detection of pulp stones (P<.001), which were seen more often on DPR than on CBCT.ConclusionDPR, as a 2D imaging system, has inherent limitations leading to the misinterpretation of pulp stones. Restored and carious teeth should be carefully examined for the presence of pulp stones. CBCT imaging is recommended for a definitive assessment in cases where there is a suspicion of a pulp stone on DPR.

The association between condylar bone changes revealed in cone beam computed tomography and clinical dysfunction index in patients with or without temporomandibular joint disorders

The aim of the present study was to compare cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) findings pertinent to patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and patients without TMD (non-TMD), as well as to investigate the correlation between these findings and the clinical dysfunction index (Di). In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of temporomandibular joints (TMJs) were evaluated for condylar bone changes in 84 patients with TMD. The patients were assigned a score using Helkimo's clinical Di, ranging from 1 to 25, and were thereafter subdivided into 3 groups based on the degree of Helkimo's Di. CBCT and clinical records of sex- and age-matched non-TMD patients were used as the control group. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of all types of bone changes between TMD and non-TMD groups (all P<.05), except for loose joint bodies. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the total amount of bone change and the Helkimo Di score (P<.001). Evaluation of CBCT images in the present study revealed significant differences between TMD and non-TMD condyles. There was also a significant relationship between the Helkimo clinical Di and the total amount of condylar bone change in patients with TMD.

Comparison of bisecting and parallel intraoral radiography and cone-beam computed tomography for detecting various horizontal angle root fractures

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with intraoral radiography (parallel and bisecting techniques) for their detection capabilities of various horizontal angle root fractures in human teeth.

Comparison of tooth angulations on CBCT to those on conventional panoramic and panoramic-like images in different head orientations

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to conventional panoramic and panoramic-like radiography with regard to the accuracy of angulation measurements between the long axes of adjacent teeth using different head orientations. MethodsThis cross-sectional study used pretreatment records from 30 orthodontic patients who had undergone concurrent (interval, <6 months) CBCT imaging in a 12-in field of view and conventional panoramic radiography. Three panoramic-like images were constructed on each CBCT scan: 1) ideal head position (0°); 2) head rotated upward (+10°); and 3) head rotated downward (−10°). The upper and lower right central and lateral incisors as well as the upper and lower right premolars were selected on each image. The angles between adjacent teeth on frontal and lateral views on CBCT were measured and compared to the corresponding angles on the panoramic views. ResultsInterdental angles on CBCT imaging were significantly greater compared with those on panoramic (P ≤ 0.001) and panoramic-like (P ≤ 0.003) imaging in the upper and lower anterior areas. At +10° on panoramic-like imaging, the interdental angles between the upper central and lateral incisors tended to be decreased significantly compared with those on CBCT. Other sites did not show significant variations. ConclusionsIn the present study, the anterior teeth showed more parallelism on panoramic imaging (conventional or panoramic-like) compared with CBCT. In contrast, the posterior region showed no differences between CBCT and radiography. Interdental angles in the anterior region of panoramic like image are more close to CBCT measurements when head oriented ideally or slightly downward.

Detection of foreign bodies by spiral computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography in maxillofacial regions.

Background and aims. The imaging techniques commonly used for foreign body detection include plain radiography, xeroradiography, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography. The aim of the present study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with conventional CT scan in determination of the exact location of a foreign body in the maxillofacial area in vitro.Materials and methods. In this descriptive study, seven different materials were selected as foreign bodies with dimensions of approximately 2 mm, 1 mm, and 0.5 mm. These materials consisted of metal, glass, wood, stone, plastic, graphite and tooth. These foreign bodies were placed in a sheep head between the corpus of the mandible and muscle, in the tongue and in an air space. One conventional CT scan and two CBCT scans were made on the models.Results. Tooth, metal, stone and glass foreign bodies were seen clearly on CT and CBCT scans made by NewTom at the smallest size in air. However, CBCT scan by NewTom was a more effective technique for visualization of foreign bodies in air compared to conventional CT. Foreign bodies measuring 0.5 mm made of metal, stone, glass, graphite and teeth were detected by all devices in muscle tissue and adjacent bone.Conclusion. According to the results, CBCT scans of NewTom and Planmeca are appropriate tools for detecting foreign bodies with relative high density in the maxillofacial area.

Cone-beam computed tomography and microtomography for alveolar bone measurements

To compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and microtomography (micro-CT) for alveolar bone measurements. Forty teeth and alveolar bone blocks of five pigs were scanned on a micro-CT with a 9.05μm pixel size, and on a CBCT device at 0.125mm voxel size. One height and four thickness measurements were performed twice in standardized slices by two radiologists to verify reliability. Agreement between imaging methods was assessed by correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and the difference was tested by a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Regarding intra- and interobserver agreements, all bone measurements presented excellent precision values for micro-CT, but interobserver agreement for CBCT presented good to moderate values. Bone height differed about 0.3mm, but no statistically significant differences were found for the bone thickness measurements. CBCT underestimated bone height. No statistically significant differences were found for bone thickness. Regions of thin bone tissue may not be visualized on CBCT images. There are risks of underestimating bone measurements with CBCT and assuming bone loss that does not exist clinically. Although the difference of the bone height measurement was small, the clinical relevance must be analyzed on how to interpret CBCT.

A comparative study between cone-beam computed tomography and periapical radiographs in the diagnosis of simulated endodontic complications

To compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with periapical radiography for the identification of simulated endodontic complications. Sixteen human teeth, in three mandibles, were submitted to the following simulated endodontic complications: G1) fractured endodontic file; G2) root perforation; G3) cast post with deviation; G4) external root resorption. Periapical radiographs were taken of each tooth at three different angles, and CBCT scan was taken. One calibrated examiner who was specialized in dental radiology interpreted the images. The results were analysed using the following scoring system: 0 - unidentified alteration; 1 - alteration identified with inaccurate diagnosis; and 2 - alteration identified with accurate diagnosis. Data were analysed using McNemar and Wilcoxon tests (alfa=0.05). In the overall assessment, CBCT was superior when compared with periapical radiographs (P<0.05). When individual results on each complication were evaluated, CBCT was superior only in the identification of external root resorption (100% Score 2) (P<0.05). Cone-beam computed tomography could be an alternative to periapical radiographs especially in the detection and assessment of external root resorption.

Cone-beam computed tomography in assessment of periodontal ligament space: in vitro study on artificial tooth model

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to conventional radiography (RG) in the assessment of the periodontal ligament space. A phantom with a variable "artificial" periodontal ligament space (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 microm) was used as a model. The examinations were performed simultaneously with RG and NewTom 9000 digital volume tomograph. Assorted after increasing widths, 15 RGs and 15 CBCT images were presented for judgment to 20 dentists (DD), 20 dental assistants, and 20 dental students. Several weeks later, the same images were randomly mixed and presented to the same 20 DD again. The trial shows that RG gaps wider than 200 microm could be correctly identified by all participants with an accuracy of nearly 100%. A significant difference was observed between the modalities (p<0.05 and p<0.001) where conventional RGs performed better than CBCT for assessment of periodontal ligament space. Interobserver variation in relation to each technique was evaluated and no significant difference was found (p>0.05). In subjective evaluations of image quality with CBCT, the results were basically inferior for images of artificial periodontal ligament space, regardless of the experience of the observers.