Comparative Study Of Clonidine Research Articles

A comparative study of clonidine and magnesium sulfate premedication on perioperative hormonal stress responses, hemodynamic stability and postoperative analgesia in patients with gallbladder diseases undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study

ABSTRACT Background Hemodynamic derangement due to pneumoperitoneum and postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be detrimental; this study investigated whether preoperative intravenous (I.V.) infusion of clonidine or Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) could attenuate hemodynamic responses, reduce serum cortisol level and improve post-operative analgesia. Materials and Methods In total, 105 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to either group C (I.V. infusion of clonidine 1.5 µg/kg), group M (I.V.infusion of MgSO2 30 mg/kg) or group S (I.V. infusion of isotonic saline) 15 min before induction of general anesthesia. Outcome variables were heart rate (H.R.), mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum cortisol leveln, total analgesic requirements and recovery time. Results HR was significantly lower in group C than that in groups M and S. MAP and serum cortisol were significantly lower in groups C and M than that in control group. Pain score was better in groups C and M than group S at the first 2 hours post-operative with (P values 0.024 and 0.19), respectively. Reduced post-operative analgesic requirement with delayed onset to first analgesic request were observed in groups C and M compared with the control group . Recovery time was significantly rapid in group C than that of groups M and S. Conclusion Pre-operative I.V. infusion of clonidine and MgSO4 significantly attenuated the hemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum, reduced serum cortisol level, reduced postoperative pain and analgesic requirement as compared to controls in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Clonidine was superior compared to MgSO4 regarding H.R. control and rapid recovery.

Comparative study of clonidine vs dexmedotomidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine for lower abdominal surgeries

Comparative study of clonidine vs dexmedotomidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine for lower abdominal surgeries

A Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine with 0.5% Levobupivacaine in ultrasound-guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgeries

Background: Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an additive to Levobupivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block are not studied well. Hence, this study was designed to compare the efficacy of the Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine, used as an adjunct to Levobupivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block in upper limb elective surgery.Materials and Methods: Eighty patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I/II undergoing upper limb elective surgery were divided into two equal age/gender-matched groups. Group-LD received ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block using injection 0.5% Levobupivacaine 20 ml+dexmedetomidine (1 μg/Kg), and group LC received ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block using injection 0.5% Levobupivacaine 20 ml + Clonidine (1.5 μg/Kg). The onset and duration of sensory and motor block, hemodynamics, and side effects were recorded. Results: The time for onset of sensory block and motor block in group LD was significantly faster than group LC (4.53±1.07 and 7.88±1.29 min vs. 5.90±0.81 and 8.85±1.81min, p<0.0001). The duration of motor block in group LD was significantly longer than group LC (Sensory and motor block: 662.50 ± 50.95 and 625.50 ± 51.95min, vs 567.75 ± 62.33 and 560.62 ± 67.19 min. p< 0.0001). The sedation score was highly significant at 30 min (p<0.0001) and was significant at 60 min (p<0.05), postoperatively. Conclusion: The addition of Dexmedetomidine (1μg/Kg) as an adjuvant to Levobupivacaine (0.5%) for upper limb surgeries by axillary brachial plexus block had provided the rapid onset of sensory block and motor block and enhanced duration of sensory and motor block with arousable sedation without any adverse effects compared to clonidine (1.5μg/Kg).

A comparative study of clonidine versus dexmedetomidine in attenuation of stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation

Background: Endotracheal intubation produces various cardio vascular complications. Sometimes these complications lead to mortality. Various anaesthetic drugs are tried before intubation to reduce the haemodynamic changes. The present study aimed to evaluate the clonidine versus dexmedetomidine in attenuation of stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Materials and Methods: The study was done in Department of Anaesthesia , Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Trivandrum, Kerala. A total of 50 patients included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two group each of 25. G-I received Clonidine (2mcg/kg) and G-II Dexmedetomidine (0.5mcg/kg). Drugs are given to respective groups 10 min before induction. Demographic data (age and gender) and clinical data (heart rate, SBP, DBP and MAP) was recorded. SPSS (20.0) version was used for analysis. Results: Group-I and II not showed any significant difference on comparison of demographic data. Comparison of mean heart rate between the group-I and II not showed any significant difference. SBP (PI, AL), DBP (PI) and MAP (PI) showed significant difference when compared between the group-I and II. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine in the dose of 0.5µg/kg, given 10 minutes before laryngoscopy and intubation is better choice than clonidine in attenuating the haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation.

Comparative study of clonidine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy: A prospective randomized study

Comparative study of clonidine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy: A prospective randomized study

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to LA for USG Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block (SBB)

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to LA for USG Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block (SBB)

A Comparative Study of Clonidine &amp; Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Bupivacaine in Epidural Anaesthesia

A Comparative Study of Clonidine &amp; Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Bupivacaine in Epidural Anaesthesia

A Comparative Study of Clonidine and Lignocaine for Attenuating Pressor Responses to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Neurosurgical Cases.

Background and Aims:Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are associated with reflex sympathetic stimulation, known as pressor response and can cause major complications. We compared the attenuating effect of time-tested lignocaine versus clonidine on the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation in neurosurgical cases.Design:A prospective, randomized, comparative, double-blind study with a sample size of sixty patients.Methods:Sixty patients undergoing elective neurosurgery were randomly allocated into one of the two groups: Group L (n = 30) received lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) before induction and Group C (n = 30) received clonidine 2 μg/kg i.v. before induction. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at baseline, after drug, after induction and 1, 2, 3,5,10, and 15 min after intubation.Statistical Analysis:Statistical software, namely, SPSS, version 15.0 by SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA was used for the analysis of data with Chi-square test to compare intergroup hemodynamic parameters.Results:Mean HR remained above baseline at all times after intubation in lignocaine group but decreased at 2 min after intubation and remained below baseline at all times in the clonidine group. SBP, DBP, and MAP all increased above baseline at 1 min after intubation in lignocaine group, and decreased below baseline at 2 min after intubation, whereas in the clonidine group they all decreased below baseline after drug administration and remained below baseline at all times. Therefore, clonidine is very effective in attenuating pressor responses and this difference between the groups is statistically very significant with P < 0.001.Conclusion:Clonidine is more effective than lignocaine for attenuating the pressor responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in neurosurgical cases.

Comparative Study of Clonidine with Ropivacaine versus Ropivacaine Alone in Epidural Anesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery.

Background:Epidural anesthesia has been well established as a safe and effective technique not only for perioperative anesthesia but also for postoperative analgesia. Various adjuvants have been added to local anesthetic agent in an effort to prolong this duration.Aims:The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the anesthesia and analgesic property of ropivacaine to its combination with clonidine for lower limb orthopedic surgery under epidural.Materials and Methods:In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, eighty adult patients undergoing lower limb surgeries received either 0.75% ropivacaine or 75 μg clonidine with 0.75% ropivacaine through epidural route. Patients were compared for hemodynamic variability, quality of motor and sensory block, intra- and post-operative analgesia, and the side effects associated.Statistical Analysis:Data analysis was done by Student's paired t-test, Chi-square test, and Mann–Whitney test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The time taken for onset of the motor as well as the sensory block was significantly shorter in ropivacaine with clonidine group as compared to ropivacaine alone group. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly higher in patients who received clonidine as an adjunct (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference observed in the incidence of hemodynamic changes or side effects.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that use of clonidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine through epidural route provides a hemodynamically stable, faster, and prolonged epidural block and a longer analgesic effect as compared to ropivacaine alone.

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Magnesium Sulfate Used as Adjuvant to Epidural Bupivacaine in Orthopedic Lower Limb Surgery

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Magnesium Sulfate Used as Adjuvant to Epidural Bupivacaine in Orthopedic Lower Limb Surgery

A Prospective, Randomized, Double blinded, Comparative Study of Clonidine and Tramadol for Control of Shivering under Spinal Anesthesia

Corresponding Author Dr Sowmya M Jois No 335, I Floor, 10th main Srinivasnagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Email: drsowmyasharma@gmail.com ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Shivering is a common complication of spinal anesthesia. We compared the efficacy of intravenous clonidine and tramadol for the treatment of shivering under spinal anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective, randomised, double blinded, comparative study, 80 patients coming for lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries under spinal anesthesia were included. Patients were grouped into group C and group T who received clonidine 0.5mcg/kg and tramadol 0.5mg/kg respectively after the onset of shivering. Time of onset of shivering, cessation of shivering after administration of drug, vital signs and side effects were noted. RESULTS: Time of cessation of shivering was shorter in group C compared to group T (2.51±0.66minutes and mean time taken by Tramadol to control shivering was 4.82±0.90 min). Group C had more incidence of decrease in heart rate and blood pressure and higher sedation scores. Group T had higher incidence of nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION: Our study concludes that both study drugs Clonidine and Tramadol are effective in controlling shivering under spinal anesthesia but clonidine took shorter time to achieve cessation of shivering compared to tramadol. There is a significant improvement in SPO2 values following control of shivering. Clonidine causes decrease in heart rate and systolic blood pressure. The occurrence of bradycardia, hypotension, dry mouth, sedation is higher in clonidine group. The occurrence of nausea and vomiting are higher in Tramadol group compared to clonidine group. Clonidine is safer and effective alternative to Tramadol in controlling shivering in patients receiving spinal anesthesia for surgery. KEYWORDS-spinal, shivering, anesthesia, clonidine, tramadol

A comparative study of clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Background and Aims:Various additives are mixed with local anesthetic agents to increase the quality of block in regional anesthesia. We compared clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block with respect to the onset and duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia.Material and Methods:Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists Grades I and II patients scheduled for various orthopedic surgeries of the upper limb under supraclavicular brachial plexus block were divided into two equal groups in a randomized, double-blind manner. Patients were assigned randomly to one of the two groups. In Group C (n = 30), 39 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine plus 1 ml (1 μg/kg) clonidine and in Group D (n = 30), 39 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine plus 1 ml (1 μg/kg) dexmedetomidine were given. The onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, and quality of anesthesia were studied in both the groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the onset of sensory and motor block in both the groups. The durations of sensory and motor block were 316.67 ± 45.21 and 372.67 ± 44.48 min, respectively, in Group C, whereas they were 502.67 ± 43.78 and 557.67 ± 38.83 min, respectively, in Group D. The duration of analgesia was 349.33 ± 42.91 min, significantly less in Group C compared to 525.33 ± 42.89 min in Group D (P < 0.001). The quality of anesthesia was significantly better in dexmedetomidine group compared to clonidine group (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The addition of dexmedetomidine prolongs the durations of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia and improves the quality of anesthesia as compared with clonidine when injected with bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Comparative study of clonidine versus esmolol on hemodynamic responses during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

BackgroundLaparoscopic surgical procedures have various benefits to the patient in terms of decreased tissue damage, early ambulation, decreased hospital stay and reduced analgesic needs. Pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide (CO2) leads to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system which can be a risk factor in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, reverse Trendelenburg position affects homeostasis in laparoscopic surgeries. In this study, we compared the efficacy of clonidine (which is α2 adrenergic agonist) versus esmolol (which is ultra short acting cardio-selective β1-receptor antagonist) on the hemodynamic response during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Materials and methodsA total of 60 patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned into two groups: Group C: received 2 μg/kg of clonidine diluted in 20 ml normal saline, given with slow intravenous infusion over 10 min just before induction of GA and Group E: received 1.5 mg/kg of esmolol as a loading dose over a period of 5 min just before induction of GA followed by 10 μg/kg/min as a maintenance dose throughout the procedure. No hypnotic medication was given on the evening before surgery. Systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressures and heart rate were recorded at (1) baseline, (2) three minutes after endotracheal intubation, (3) before pneumoperitoneum, (4) fifteen minutes after pneumoperitoneum, (5) thirty minutes after pneumoperitoneum, (6) five minutes after release of CO2 and (7) five minutes after extubation. Degree of sedation according to Ramsay sedation score was assessed 15 min after reaching PACU.ResultsBoth groups were similar with respect to demographic data. Clonidine group showed more stability in hemodynamic responses than esmolol group in all hemodynamic variables but with more postoperative sedation.ConclusionThis study concluded that clonidine and esmolol provide hemodynamic stability in laparoscopic cholecystectomy but clonidine provides more stability with postoperative sedation.

A Prospective Randomized Double Blind Comparative Study of Clonidine, Dexmedtomidine and Tramadol for Treatment of Shivering Under Spinal Anaesthesia

A Prospective Randomized Double Blind Comparative Study of Clonidine, Dexmedtomidine and Tramadol for Treatment of Shivering Under Spinal Anaesthesia

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery

Background: Among alpha 2 adrenergic agonists the role of Clonidine as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics to prolong duration of block is extensively studied but effect of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics in brachial plexus block is not much investigated. Aim: To compare effects of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine with inj. Ropivacaine 0.5% in brachial plexus block with regard to block characteristics, post operative analgesia, hemodynamic stability and complications. Materials and Methods: 50 patients of ASA gr I and II undergoing upper extremity surgeries were selected and randomized to receive Clonidine(group RC) or Dexmedetomidine(group RD) with inj. Ropivacaine 0.5% 30 ml in supraclavicular brachial plexus block .Onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, duration of post operative analgesia, hemodynamic parameters and adverse effects were compared. Results: Significant difference was observed in relation to duration of sensory block 346.8(±74.54) minutes in group RC and 540 (±56.12) min in group RD, duration of motor block 386.4(±67.82) min. and 586.8 (±55.51) min. respectively. Duration of post operative analgesia 372(±70.86) min in group RC and 559 (±55.40) min in group RD. No significant difference was observed in onset of sensory block which is 11.92(±2.55) min in group RC and 11.36(±2.14) min in group RD and onset of motor block which is 18.56(±2.12) min in group RC and 17.28(±2.70) min in group RD. Conclusion: The duration of sensory motor blockade and post operative analgesia was significantly prolonged by Dexmedetomidine with inj Ropivacaine in brachial plexus block without significant hemodynamic alterations. Key words: brachial plexus block, adjuvant, alpha-2 agonists, Clonidine, Dexmedetomidine

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery

Comparative Study of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant with Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery

A comparative study of clonidine and gabapentin for attenuating hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation

Background: Laryngoscopy and intubation causes reflex sympatho-adrenal response in the form of tachycardia and hypertension. The present study compared oral gabapentin with oral clonidine for attenuating hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients of American society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II in the age-group of 18-60 years, of either sex, posted for elective surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30). On the morning of surgery, the study medications were given orally with sips of water 2 hour pre-operatively as: Group I received 200 μg clonidine, Group II received 900 mg gabapentin, and Group III received placebo. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure were observed and recorded as 0 minute (baseline) and at 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after endotracheal intubation. Results: Oral clonidine (200 mcg) attenuated the increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure better than oral gabapentin (900mg). The increase in heart rate was significantly attenuated by clonidine as compared to gabapentin and placebo (P < 0.001). Gabapentin also attenuated tachycardiac response but it was not completely eliminated. As compared with placebo, gabapentin attenuated rise in diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure at 3 and 5 minutes after intubation (P < 0.38, 0.007 at 3 and 5 minutes. Conclusion: Both clonidine and gabapentin attenuate hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Clonidine is a better drug compared to gabapentin and tachycardiac response was significantly attenuated.