Comparative Study Of Attitudes Research Articles

The Watchdog Press in the Doghouse: A Comparative Study of Attitudes about Accountability Journalism, Trust in News, and News Avoidance

The watchdog role has been one of the most widely discussed normative functions of the press. In this study, we examine the public’s attitudes toward the news media’s watchdog performance and how they correlate with trust in news and news avoidance, two important phenomena for democracy and the health of the public sphere. We further examine how individual predispositions (e.g. political interest, ideology) and contextual variables (e.g. press freedom) moderate these relationships. Based on data from the 2019 Reuters Institute Digital News Report, and controlling for a range of factors, we find that across 38 countries, watchdog performance evaluations are positively associated with trust in news but that they are also positively associated with higher levels of news avoidance. Last, we find that evaluations of media in other functions like helping citizens understand the most important topics of the day and choosing relevant topics were more strongly associated to trust in news and lower news avoidance levels than watchdog performance evaluations.

A comparative study of attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in the rural and urban population of Uttarakhand, India

Background The public is hesitant about getting vaccinated for COVID-19, and a few people are still avoiding it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination among rural and urban populations of the Dehradun district in Uttarakhand, India. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to June 2021 in selected urban and rural areas of the Dehradun district, yielding 770 responses (385 from both rural and urban areas). The attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were collected via questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results There were no rural-urban differences in the mean score of attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination (49.22±12.89 vs 50.01 ±11.88; P=0.379). The majority of participants had a neutral to positive attitude, and very few had a negative attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination, equally in the rural and urban population. A significant positive association was found between attitude scores with COVID-19 vaccination and mortality among participant’s relatives and friends in rural areas, while participant occupation and number of family members in the urban area were associated with a more positive attitude. Conclusion These results suggest mainly neutral attitude among the rural and urban populations towards COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, it is important to design and implement innovative and efficient communication strategies to influence the neutral and offset the negative attitudes regarding vaccination drive to facilitate immunisation outreach and coverage.

A Comparative Study of Attitudes and Perceptions of LIS and non-LIS Students toward Library User Education at Sun Yat-Sen University

Using a quantitative questionnaire survey, this study investigates the perceptions and attitudes of a group of library and information science (LIS) students toward a variety of library user education (LUE) programs provided by Sun Yat-Sen University Library, located in Guangzhou, China. This study also compares the data of LIS students and non-LIS students (of various disciplines) to highlight their unique characteristics. In total, 457 responses were collected for this questionnaire survey (231 LIS, 226 non-LIS). Findings of this study reveal that the LIS student group placed a higher value on the importance of LUE programs. Unexpectedly, the LIS group gave slightly lower scores in rating certain aspects of LUE librarians’ professional competence. This study provides valuable insights for librarians to develop library services to support LIS students’ academic success.

A Comparative Study of Attitude Towards Science of College- Level Students in Relation to Sex & Socio-Economic Status

A Comparative Study of Attitude Towards Science of College- Level Students in Relation to Sex & Socio-Economic Status

Modern bioethical issues: Euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion. Comparative study of attitudes between physicians and law professionals.

We aimed to examine and compare the attitudes of physicians and law professionals on modern bioethical issues. Euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion were selected for this study, as they underline the conflict between human life as a fundamental value, and the individual's right to self-determination. The demand of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide services reflects each person's right to decide on the way their life will end, while the legalization of abortion determines the individual's right to self-determination. These are complex issues with moral, religious and social implications, and as such tend to divide public opinion. In order to investigate their attitudes, physicians of all specialties, as well as law professionals from all over Greece, were invited to participate in the study. In total, 220 professionals responded to the call and participated in the survey. The professionals involved showed fairly high rates of agreement in all the issues studied, but a significant difference in results was found when the occupation of participants was set as a criterion, with physicians being more negative to euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion than lawyers. Religiousness, age and male sex were negatively correlated with "positive" attitudes towards euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion. Moreover, participants' attitudes towards euthanasia and physician assisted suicide were found to predict their attitudes towards abortion, indicating a single ideological direction of agreement or disagreement, accordingly. Individuals' attitudes and opinions are complicated issues, not easy to be categorized. However, it is of scientific interest to shape a legislative framework that is close to the social consensus, ideological evolution and moral needs. This study tried to pave the way for a modern approach to the issues of euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion.

Comparative Study of Attitudes towards Communication Skills Learning between Medical and Dental Students in Saudi Arabia

Background: Communication skills (CS) learning is a core skill in medical and dental education. The comparison of attitudes towards CS between dental and medical students based on the taught curriculum (problem-based learning vs. traditional teaching) in Saudi Arabia awaits investigation. Aims: (1) To assess the attitudes of both undergraduate dental and medical students towards communication skills (CS) learning and (2) to compare the attitudes towards CS between Medical and Dental students in relation to sociodemographic and education-related characteristics. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional study, using an online survey, invited 260 conveniently sampled Taibah university medical and dental undergraduate students. The survey collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, education-related factors, and CS using Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) that assess positive and negative attitudes (PAS, NAS). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: Of the distributed questionnaire 91% responded (145 dental and 91 medical students). There were, overall, non-significant scores’ differences between medical and dental students on PAS (Medicine Median 51 vs. Dentistry Median 50, p = 0.059) and NAS (Medicine Median 32 vs. Dentistry Median 32, p = 0.596). Older medical students, those at clinical levels and those who reported they need to improve their communication skills and student whose parents were not doctors, tended to score statistically significantly (p = 0.032, 0.017, 0.034, and 0.004, respectively) on PAS compared with dental students; on the other hand, medical students with doctor parents scored significantly high in NAS compared to dental students (p = 0.015). Conclusion: Demographic and education-related characteristics underpinned medical student positive attitude towards CS compared to dental students. Although medical and dental students showed no differences in self-rating their attitudes towards (CS). Different factors influence medical and dental students’ attitudes towards CS learning.

Original Research Article: A comparative study of attitudes towards psychiatry among final year undergraduate, interns and post graduate medical students in a medical college in India

Original Research Article: A comparative study of attitudes towards psychiatry among final year undergraduate, interns and post graduate medical students in a medical college in India

A Cross-sectional and Comparative Study of Attitude and Manner of Medical, Dental and Paramedical Students Towards Cadaveric Dissection

Background: Anatomy is the initial, basic and foundational subject of the medical and dental curriculum. It is thought to be the toughest subject in the initial days of the medical and dental course of study. This toughest subject is made little easier through practice of dissection. Objectives: The cardinal purpose of this study is to evaluate the attitude and manner of dissection, also to explore the views and perspectives towards cadaver and dissection among medical, dental and paramedical students. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at a reputed and well-recognised medical college. Study population is made of 546 students (medical, dental and paramedical students). They were given a well-prepared student questionnaire (made of 35 questions) and the responses were obtained and analysed. Results: Among 546 students (224 males and 322 females); 328 are MBBS, 127 are paramedical and 91 are BDS students. Four best questions were selected in the distributed questionnaire based on significance as P values, in which the question asked “Are you interested in cadaveric dissection” is extremely significant with a P value of 0.0092. Conclusions: Many of the students opted for the use of pre-dissected human specimens, instead of cadaveric dissection. They felt that dissection can help them to work as a team and improves their group discussion ability. Though most of the students are interested in cadaveric dissection, they touch the cadaver less often.

A Comparative Study of Attitude towards Grading System of Teachers of Senior Secondary Schools in Rural and Urban areas of North-East Delhi

Evaluation of students about the success and failure of education shows, therefore, the better the evaluation system, the better the education and the shortcomings of education are found. The grading system is an evaluation system in which students do not score, But to know about its effectiveness, it is important to know the views of teachers, because one The evaluation system is not the same for all the students. The teachers know more about the best of the students.

A cluster analysis of attitudes to English in Germany and the Netherlands

AbstractAlthough English is becoming increasingly entrenched in Western Europe, large‐scale comparative studies of attitudes among the general public to this development are scarce. We investigate over 4,000 Dutch and Germans’ attitudes towards English based on responses to an attitudinal questionnaire. Respondents saw English as a useful additional language, but not generally as a threat to their national language. Using k‐means, an unsupervised clustering algorithm, we identified two attitudinal groups per country. Respondents with positive attitudes towards English, regardless of nationality, tended to be younger, urban, better educated and more proficient in English than their compatriots with more negative views of English. These within‐country differences outweighed between‐country ones, for example, that Germans were more confident in the status of their L1, whereas Dutch showed signs of ‘English fatigue’. The findings thus appear to confirm the previously identified divide between elite ‘haves’ versus ‘have‐nots’ of English.

Comparative Study of Attitude Towards Teaching Profession of Teachers of Secondary Level Government and Non-Government Aided Schools

Comparative Study of Attitude Towards Teaching Profession of Teachers of Secondary Level Government and Non-Government Aided Schools

A Comparative Study of Attitudes towards Mental Illness in Nursing Personal

A Comparative Study of Attitudes towards Mental Illness in Nursing Personal

A Comparative Study of Attitudes Towards Mental Illness Among Nursing Students

A Comparative Study of Attitudes Towards Mental Illness Among Nursing Students

A Comparative Study of Attitudes Regarding Digit Replantation in the United States and Japan

To compare the societal preferences for finger replantation between the United States (US) and Japan and to investigate factors influencing the preferences. A sample of the general population without current hand disease or condition was recruited via flyers posted in public areas of 2 major academic centers in the US and Japan. The recruited subjects completed a survey presenting finger amputation scenarios and various factors that may affect treatment decisions. We performed univariate analysis using treatment preference as the outcome and all other factors as possible predictors using the chi-square test. Most respondents in both countries preferred replantation and there was no significant difference between the US and Japan. Treatment preference was significantly associated with the importance of appearance, recovery time, and the chance of survival of the replanted digit. There was no association between treatment preference and attitudes regarding body integrity or estimate of stigma toward finger amputees. Japanese participants agreed more with statements of body integrity, and Japanese respondents rated appearance, sensation, and chance of survival of the replant as more important than did American participants. Patient preference is not driving the decrease in finger replantations in the US. The general public in both countries prefer replantation over wound closure for digit amputations. Economic and decision analysis III.

A Comparative Study of Attitudes towards Entrepreneurship between Polish and British Students

Abstract Background Entrepreneurship continues to gain momentum as a significant and relevant field of research. Policy makers in the rush to stimulate entrepreneurship in various countries, often rely on the success stories and prescriptions documented in the entrepreneurship literature in which most studies are set in the United States. Research aims The article present exploratory study addresses the subject of cross-cultural differences in attitudes towards entrepreneurship by focusing attention on two particular types of cultures of entrepreneurship British and Polish. Method The quantitative research (survey) was conducted in May 2014 among 153 Polish and 94 British graduate and postgraduate management students. Key findings The findings have some distinctive implications for government, policy makers and educators through determining the attitudes towards entrepreneurship among students.

Is Performance Measurement Applicable in the Public Sector? A Comparative Study of Attitudes among Dutch Officials

This article aims to study whether in the opinion of officials themselves, performance measurement can easily be applied in the public sector, and by what factors the differences in their views can be explained. Data from a survey of 26,876 civil servants were used. Among officials meeting certain criteria to be discussed, the majority are positive about the applicability of performance measurement. We conclude that supporters of the application of performance measures in their work are likely to see this as a tool that can be used to their own advantage, and which is in the interest of their organization.

The Comparative Study of Attitude toward E-learning Adoption between Korean and Vietnamese College Students

The Comparative Study of Attitude toward E-learning Adoption between Korean and Vietnamese College Students

A Comparative Study of Attitudes of Academic Staffs towards Academic Dishonesty between USA and Iranian Higher Educational Institutions

Cheating has been a global and widespread issue at higher educational institutions. While many studies have done to find out cultural differences in cheating and academic dishonesty of students at higher educational institutions in various countries, few have scrutinized the attitudes of the academic staff on the issue. We studied attitudes and beliefs of 226 academic staffs of two universities: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) in Iran and Central Washington University (CWU) in the USA. The results of this study show similarities and differences between attitudes and beliefs of the academic staffs of SBMU and the CWU towards cheating and academic misconduct. Our conclusions revealed cultural similarities and differences on the attitudes and beliefs of staffs at SBMU and CWU.

A comparative study of attitudes and preferences for water efficiency in homes

Water efficiency is the optimised use of water commensurate to need. Achieving water efficiency has, in the last decade, become an increasingly important part of policy programmes to ensure resource resilience and future supply. This study originated from a growing body of literature which purports differences in environmental behaviour in urban and rural residents. It presents initial findings from surveys conducted in two communities in Sussex, England. The objective of the study was to investigate and compare collective views on water efficiency by comparing users in different geographical contexts. The survey conducted in a rural and urban community started with the general assessment of basic household demographics and characteristics before investigating both water and energy use. Questions include factors that encourage or discourage water efficiency behaviour, views on information-led water efficiency interventions and limitations to the adoption of water efficient technologies. The paper concludes by discussing the differences and similarities found and the extent to which the findings are usable in water efficiency policies and processes, although it is worth highlighting that this study is the first set of a series of studies and is limited in its breadth.

A comparative study of attitudes toward psychiatry among nursing students across successive training years.

Context:Psychiatry nurses are an integral component of a multidisciplinary mental health-care team.Aim:The current study aimed at understanding the attitude of undergraduate nursing students toward psychiatry. Additionally, the attitudes toward psychiatry have been compared across the training years among these students.Materials and Methods:The study was carried out at a tertiary care nurse-training institute. All the nursing students enrolled with the institute at the time of the study constituted the sample frame. The study questionnaire used in the current study was a 29-item questionnaire that assessed attitudes toward psychiatry.Statistical Analysis:The data were analyzed using SPSS ver 17.Results:Overall, the majority of the nursing students from all four groups had a favorable response to the statements of the Likert scale. Most of the significantly positive responses (as assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance of the rank order) were from the third-year and internship students. These findings were supported by the significant correlation between these statements and ranked order of the nurse-training years.Conclusions:The findings of the current study present some interesting insights into the attitude of nursing students toward psychiatry.