Comparative Analysis Of Profitability Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Profitability between Public and Private Sector Banks in India: A Study of SBI, Syndicate Bank ICICI Bank, and HDFC Bank

This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of profitability between public sector banks and private sector banks in India, focusing on four prominent institutions: State Bank of India (SBI), ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, and Syndicate Bank. By examining key financial metrics such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Cost-to-Income Ratio, this research aims to elucidate the differences in profitability and operational efficiency between these banks. The analysis draws on secondary data from various financial sources, employing descriptive statistics, graphical representations, and ratio analysis to highlight trends and performance disparities. The study reveals that while public sector banks like SBI and Syndicate Bank exhibit substantial growth in total assets and deposits, private sector banks, particularly ICICI and HDFC, demonstrate superior profitability and cost efficiency. The findings underscore the impact of management practices, technological advancements, and macroeconomic conditions on bank performance. This research provides valuable insights for investors, regulators, and bank management, contributing to a deeper understanding of the factors driving profitability in the Indian banking sector.

Comparative Analysis of Profitability, Water and Energy Productivity in Curry Leaf Cultivation: Drip vs. Conventional Production Systems in Coimbatore district, India

The aim is to analyze the cost and returns of curry leaf production under different irrigation methods, assess water and energy productivity and draw conclusions regarding the sustainability and profitability of drip irrigation. The study utilizes a sample of 60 respondents from two blocks in Coimbatore district, employing a multi-stage random sampling technique. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires administered via personal interviews between June and September 2023. Cost concepts were employed to calculate cultivation costs, while water and energy consumption were assessed to determine productivity. This study investigates the economic and environmental implications of adopting drip irrigation over conventional furrow irrigation for curry leaf cultivation in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, India. The results demonstrate that drip irrigation significantly reduces operational costs and improves yields compared to furrow irrigation. Gross and net incomes are substantially higher with drip irrigation, highlighting its economic advantages. Moreover, drip irrigation shows higher water and energy productivity, indicating its potential for resource conservation and sustainability. The results emphasize the importance of governmental support in promoting drip irrigation adoption to enhance water efficiency and facilitate value-added product export. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of drip irrigation in enhancing profitability, conserving resources and promoting agricultural sustainability in curry leaf cultivation within the Coimbatore region.

Comparative analysis of profitability and efficiency of conventional and organic pea production: A case of Northwestern Himalayas

The cultivation of vegetables serves as a vital pillar in horticulture, offering an alternative avenue towards achieving economic sustainability. Unfortunately, farmers often lack adequate knowledge on optimizing resource utilization, which subsequently results in low productivity. Furthermore, there has been insufficient research conducted on the comparative profitability and efficient use of resources for pea cultivation. So, the present study was conducted to examine the profitability and resource use efficiency of conventional and organic pea production in Northwestern Himalayan state. Using the technique of purposive sampling, the districts and villages were selected based on the highest area. By using simple random sampling, a sample of 100 farmers was selected, out of which 50 were organic growers and 50 were inorganic growers, who were further categorized as marginal and small. The cost incurred was higher for the cultivation of inorganic vegetable crops, whereas returns and output-input ratio was higher in organic cultivation. The cultivation of peas revealed that the majority of inputs were being underutilized, and there was a need for proper reallocation of the resources, which would result in enhanced production. Further, major problems in the cultivation of vegetable crops were a high wage rate, a lack of organic certification, a shortage of skilled labour and a lack of technical knowledge.

Comparative analysis of profitability of catfish business using conventional and biofloc systems in Maros District

Maros Regency is one of the coastal and marine areas that has the potential to develop large inland and marine fisheries in South Sulawesi. Catfish is a freshwater fish that has economic value. This research aims to analyze the profitability of the catfish business in Turikale District and Mandai District, Maros Regency using conventional and biofloc methods. This research method uses the quantitative analysis method with the location chosen deliberately, namely Turikale and Mandai Districts. Sampling was carried out using snowball sampling. Data collection techniques using interview techniques. Data analysis using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the research are the total profits obtained by catfish farming with conventional techniques in the Mandai and Turikale Districts of IDR 10,493 and 854.71/harvest profits for conventional techniques of IDR 4,669,332.40 and for the Biofloc technique. IDR 5,824,522.31 which means the advantage of the biofloc technique is greater than conventional

Comparative Analysis of Profitability Before and After Using E-Commerce (Case Study: PT Mustika Ratu,Tbk)

The rapid development of information technology affects changes in people's behavior, especially in shopping, thus encouraging companies to innovate and adapt to technological advances. PT. Mustika Ratu Tbk cooperates with the company e-Commerce marketplace Ralali.com to expand the sales distribution network of Mustika Ratu products and provide ease of the easy and safe buying Online through online channels owned by Ralali.com. This study aims to compare the significance of profitability before and after using e-commerce at PT. Mustika Ratu. This study analyzes financial statements profit including NPM, ROA, ROE. The financial data used are financial statements from 2018-2021 using PT Mustika ratu's financial statements using profitability ratios related to the company's net published on the www.mustika_ratu.co.id website

Trends in Profitability of Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprises in India during the Post-Liberalization Era

The liberalization of the economy in 1991 has changed the market dynamics with private sector playing a greater role in shaping the industrial landscape. As a consequence, the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) have exposed to competition from domestic and overseas companies. Some CPSEs have been able to reorient their business strategies and benchmark their performance with best practices while others failed to do so. As a result, there has been a significant change in the profitability trend of these companies during the post-reform period. This paper attempts to make a comparative analysis of profitability of Maharatna CPSEs during the post-reform period. The issue addressed in the present study has used appropriate statistical tools and technique as per requirement. The study discloses that GAIL and ONGC jointly proved themselves as highest profit earners during the period under study by skirmishing all the obstacles emanated from liberalization, globalization and competitiveness.

Italian university spinoffs vs Italian innovative companies: a comparative analysis of profitability, liquidity and efficiency profile

This paper, as part of the PRIN "University spin-offs: competitiveness, attractiveness and value", intends to increase the knowledge on the performance of university spinoffs, studied until now especially for the dynamics of constitution and development that characterize them. The study attempts primarily to measure the financial performance of Italian university spinoffs and Italian innovative start-ups and SMEs. Furthermore, it aims to determine whether the Italian academic spinoffs's financial condition tends to be different respect to Italian innovative companies. In order to reach these objectives, the financial statement analysis, with financial ratios to ascertain profitability, liquidity and efficiency profile, and the t-test have been used. University spinoffs have higher value of ratios if compared to innovative startups and SMEs. Furthermore, t-test highlights the existence of significant differences in the profitability, liquidity, structure and efficiency profile between two groups of companies. Keywords: university spinoffs, innovative companies, financial performance, financial ratios DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/12-23-05 Publication date: December 31 st 2021

Enterprise Activity Modeling in Walnut Sector in Ukraine

The main goal of this study was to provide a critical analysis of the oil and fat sub-complex for deep walnut processing, to determine and compare the profitability of enterprises’ activities under different business models for implementation in the agro-food value chain. The latter was considered as an important factor for the development of the domestic market of walnuts and export opportunities. Business modeling of the enterprise activity in the oil and fat sub-complex for deep walnut processing was carried out. The stages of production and marketing activities of the enterprise from the garden planting or the purchase of the processed raw materials to the sale of the processed raw materials and products obtained from walnut processing depending on the chosen business model were considered. A comparative analysis of profitability of the enterprise activity and absolute values of income and profitability indicators under various business models of the enterprise activity were shown. The most cost-effective business-model entailed the combination of walnut production and its processing, which will provide profitability of up to 4640.32% in the 20th year of the project implementation. The results of the given study are intended for the agricultural enterprises of central region of Ukraine.

Comparative analysis of profitability and resource use efficiency between Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei in India.

The study aimed to highlight the profitability and production function analysis of Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei in intensified shrimp farms in Gujarat (India). Two hundred and twenty (220) shrimp farm households were used to identify (principal component and cluster analyses) 8 clusters of management practices that reflected various scales of production intensity ranging from 0-2999 kg/ha/crop to 9000kg/ha/crop and above for both the species. The Cobb-Douglas production function, which relates production output to several independent input variables, was used to determine productivity. The budgeting analysis for both the species showed that more intensively managed farms performed more than the less intensive farm. Empirical results show feed as most significant input for Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei seed and labor that affected production. Average net returns/ha/year for Penaeus monodon was $16313.13 and for Litopenaeus vannamei $41640.99. Aquaculture exhibited decreasing returns to scale for both the species and estimates on resource use efficiency revealed that in Penaeus monodon the resources were economically utilized and in case of Litopenaeus vannamei the output was likely to increase if more of seed and less of labor would have been used. The major constraint for the shrimp farmers was diseases which can be mitigated by optimum stocking densities and proper feed management.

Financial Performance Analysis of the Selected Cooperative Banks in Kerala

Co-operative Banks have assisted in enhancing the growth rate of Indian economy by providing a boost to agricultural production by making available cheap and easy agricultural credit in the country. A healthy cooperative banking system is vital for the Indian economy to achieve sustainable growth in a competitive environment. A comparative analysis of profitability, liquidity (debt coverage), management efficiency and asset quality were done using ratio analysis and through CAGR. Finally, the banks were ranked according to their performance using Garrett ranking technique. The comparative study was conducted among the selected cooperative banks for the period of 2012-13 to 2016-17, and the banks were ranked by considering various parameters of profitability, debt coverage, management efficiency and asset quality. Each bank was strong in different parameters. For better performance of the banks, it is recommended that they should increase the membership as it directly influences the deposits as well as loans. It is suggested to increase the investments by the co-operatives by diverting excess liquid cash maintained in the banks were possessing high cash to deposit ratio compared to commercial banks.

Comparative analysis of profitability of major and minor crops in Pakistan

Abstract this article is based on Pakistan's empirical data to analyze the profitability of major and minor crops for 1981-2018. The purpose of the paper was to analyze the pattern of average income per hectare of minor and major crops in Pakistan. The null hypothesis claimed that the average income per hectare of minor crops is equal to or less than the average income per hectare of major crops, in contrast to the alternative hypothesis that the average income per hectare of minor crops is higher than the average income per hectare of major crops. The result obtain on the basis of the analysis was 1.10, i.e. more than one, and came to the conclusion that the average income per hectare of minor crops is higher than the average income per hectare of major crops. The profitability of minor crops also dominated the crop sector. But some fluctuations were observed in 1980, 1981, 1983, 1990, 1992 and from 2004 to 2010, when the profitability of minor crops was lower than that of the major crops. In general, the profitability of small crops demonstrates a steady upward trend since 2011 and contributes to an increase in farmers' income.

Comparative analysis of profitability of real estate, industrial construction and infrastructure firms: evidence from India

PurposeThis study aims to identify the most profitable segment of construction firms amongst real estate, industrial construction and infrastructure. This paper also examines the determinants of profitability of real estate, industrial construction and infrastructure firms.Design/methodology/approachThe data of 67 firms (20 real estate, 21 industrial construction and 26 infrastructure) is collected for a 15-year period (2003–2017). Two models are created using total return on assets (ROA) and return on invested capital (ROIC) as dependent variables.. Leverage, liquidity, age, growth, size and efficiency of the firm are identified as firm-specific independent variables. Two economic variables, i.e. growth in GDP and inflation, are also used as independent variables. Initially, the models are tested for stationarity, multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity, and finally, the coefficients are estimated using Arellano–Bond dynamic panel data estimation to account for heteroscedasticity and endogeneity.FindingsThe results suggest that industrial construction is the most profitable segment of construction, followed by real estate and infrastructure. Their profitability is positively driven by liquidity, efficiency and leverage. The real estate firms are somewhat less profitable compared to industrial construction firms, and their profitability is positively driven by liquidity. The infrastructure firms have low ROA and ROIC.Originality/valueThe real estate, infrastructure and industrial construction drastically differ from each other. The challenges involved in real estate, infrastructure and industrial construction are altogether different. Therefore, authors present a comparative analysis of the profitability of real estate, infrastructure and industrial construction segments of the construction and compare their determinants of profitability. The results provided in the study are robust and reliable because of the use of a superior econometric model, i.e. Arellano–Bond dynamic panel data estimation with robust estimates, which accounts for heteroscedasticity and endogeneity in the model.

Comparative analysis of profitability of honey production using traditional and box hives.

Information on the profitability and productivity of box hives is important to encourage beekeepers to adopt the technology. However, comparative analysis of profitability and productivity of box and traditional hives is not adequately available. The study was carried out on 182 beekeepers using cross sectional survey and employing a random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Cobb-Douglas (CD) production function and partial budgeting. The CD production function revealed that supplementary bee feeds, labor and medication were statistically significant for both box and traditional hives. Generally, labor for bee management, supplementary feeding, and medication led to productivity differences of approximately 42.83%, 7.52%, and 5.34%, respectively, between box and traditional hives. The study indicated that productivity of box hives were 72% higher than traditional hives. The average net incomes of beekeepers using box and traditional hives were 33,699.7 SR/annum and 16,461.4 SR/annum respectively. The incremental net benefit of box hives over traditional hives was nearly double. Our study results clearly showed the importance of adoption of box hives for better productivity of the beekeeping subsector.

A Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Broiler Production Systems in Urban Areas of Edo State, Nigeria

This study investigated the cost implications of raising broilers under the battery cage and deep litter system of poultry production. The data used in the study were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of broiler farmers in Edo State from October– December, 2013. A multi-stage sampling process was used to select the 211 respondents for this study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and profitability ratios. The study showed that the mean age of farmers that adopted the battery cage system was 48 years and 46 years for the farmers that used deep litter system. The Gross Margin analysis gave a value of ₦ 2,422.24 and a Net Farm Income (NFI) of ₦ 2,412.40 per bird for battery cage system while the deep litter system had a gross margin of ₦ 1,601.77 and NFI of ₦ 1,593.80 per bird. The profitability ratios showed Rate of Return on Investment (RRI) of about 92%, Return on Labour (RL) of ₦ 18.03, Return on Feed (RF)of ₦ 144.22 and Return Per Naira Invested (RNI) of ₦ 0.91 for the battery cage system as against RRI (71%), RL ( ₦ 30.28), RF ( ₦ 117.95) and RNI ( ₦ 0.71) for the deep litter system. This shows that both systems were profitable and viable in the study area. It was therefore concluded that farmers should be enlightened on the relative profitability/viability of the battery cage system of broiler production over the deep litter system in the study area, as a guide to future investment in the enterprise. Keywords: Battery cage, Cost, Deep litter, Net Farm Income, Viability

Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Rice Production among Men and Women Farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Rice Production among Men and Women Farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Local and Foreign Banks in Ghana

The implementation of the Financial Sector Adjustment Programme has beckoned to a number of foreign banks to flock into the country to do business. This has brought about intense competition in the banking industry with its attendant implications for profitability in the industry. In the light of this, the study seeks to make a comparative analysis of the profitability of foreign and local banks in Ghana. The study uses a sample of six banks of which three are foreign banks. Financial statements of the selected banks from 2008 to 2014 are used for the analysis employing profitability ratios such as Return on Assets (ROA), Capital Adequacy (CA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Management Efficiency (ME). We find wide fluctuations in the profitability ratios of the banks. Again, the foreign banks are found to have outperformed the local banks in ROA, CA and ROE. The local banks however, performed better than the foreign banks in ME, except in 2009. We conclude that, the foreign banks are more profitable than their local counterparts during the period under study. It is therefore recommended that, protective measures be put in place to make the local banks more competitive. For instance, the local banks could be required to make less minimum capital requirements than the foreign banks.

Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Layers Production in Esan North East and Ovia North East Local Government Areas of Edo State, Nigeria

This study examined profitability in layers production from day old chicks to point of lay in Esan North East and Ovia North East Areas of Edo State. A simple random sampling of 135 poultry farmers was carried out in the study area in order to generate data for the analysis. Data collected were analyzed using Net Profit (NP), Gross Margin (GM), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Rate of Return on Investment (RRI), Rate of Return on Fixed Cost (RRFC), Rate of Return on Variable Cost (RRVC) and Return per Naira invested (R/N) and . Results of the study showed that the business of layers production was profitable and viable in the study area with the following mean indices; BCR =N1.39, RRI=N138.67, RRFC=N2,097.12 RRVC N139.43 and R/N= N0.41 in. the mean gross revenue for the respondents was computed as N7,324,350, with a gross margin of N2,144,638.00 and net profit was N2,042,371.96. Result of the regression analysis showed that three of the eight explanatory variables contributed significantly to income earned from poultry business; these are fixed cost (P <0.10), layers mash (P < 0.01) and miscellaneous expenses (P <0.05). © JASEM

Comparative Analysis of Profitability and Technical Efficiency of Fish Farming Using Different Rearing Techniques in Nigeria

In Nigeria, fish farming has emerged as a fast growing sector and a viable alternative to declining capture fisheries. The paper attempts to evaluate and compare the profitability and technical efficiency of different rearing techniques among fish growers in Lagos State, Nigeria using budgetary technique and Stochastic Frontier production model. Concrete tanks system is the dominant form for rearing fish, occupying 58.3% of the total tank and pond area. All the rearing techniques show some level of appreciable profit with concrete tanks delivering the highest net profit. The benefit: cost ratios for different techniques varied between 0.82 in earthen pond to 5.20 in concrete tank. The mean technical efficiencies are 0.84, 0.86, 0.95 and 1.0 in plastic tank, concrete tank, earthen pond and fibre tank respectively. Adhering strictly to the recommended fish management practices were found to be critical for improved fish farming in the country. Efforts should be directed in reducing cost of feed by removing tariffs on imported feed or production of locally fish meal which formed the main cost component of fish feed. This study also compares the technical efficiency of four different rearing techniques. The results of analysis indicate variation in the distribution patterns of technical efficiency estimates from the four techniques. The mean levels of technical efficiency are 86%, 95%, 84% and 100% for concrete tanks, earthen pond, plastic and fibre tanks respectively.

A Comparative Analysis of Profitability of SAIL and RINL

This paper makes a comparative analysis of profitability of selected two public sector units from Indian Steel Industry. India is among the top producers of all forms of steel in the world. Availability of low cost of human resource and preference of abundant resources make India competitive in the global set up. Finance is needed for day to day operation. It is considered as a life blood for business. Profitability is the profit earning capacity which is a crucial factor contributing for the survival of the firms. Here I have examined the adequacy of the Profitability of these two firms SAIL and RINL. The objective of this study was to make a comparative profitability analysis of SAIL and RINL through profitability ratios. Profitability is a measure of efficiency and control. It indicates the efficiency or effectiveness with which the operations of a business are carried on. These potential changes can be analyzed with a support of income statement and balance sheet. The study is purely based on secondary data. Profitability position is mainly determined by the direct and indirect expenses and F-test of ROI of selected steel company.

Comparative analysis of profitability of NERICA rice and local rice varieties production in Chukun local government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria

This study examines the costs and returns and the problems confronting rice production. One hundred and eighty (180) farmers were randomly selected from one thousand two hundred rice producers from two districts, namely Kujama and Kakau of Chukun LGA of Kaduna State. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistic and budgeting technique were used to analyse the data. The costs and returns analysis show that labour and fertilizers inputs accounted for greater parts of the total variable costs incurred in both NERICA rice and local rice varieties and were represented by 73.99 and 52.75 percent respectively. The farm gate price of paddy rice ( N 80/kg) for NERICA and N 50/kg for local rice were used in estimating the revenue and comparing with the total variable costs to obtain the gross margin which measured the economic performance of the two rice varieties. The gross margin analysis shows that from one hectare of land cultivated, the total cost of production for NERICA rice and local rice were N116,638.10 and N85,803.45 and gross revenue of N351,280.00 and N157,500.00/ha respectively. Thus making a gross of margin of N234,641.90, and N71,699.00/ha respectively. The gross margin analysis shows that with adequate management, NERICA rice production is a more profitable venture. The major problems identified in rice production were inadequate improved seed varieties, bad road network,pests and diseases, lack of capital and storage facilities. This paper recommends that intensification of NERICA rice production will generate more returns to farmers than local rice. Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to invest their resources in the improved (NERICA rice) production for increase rice productivity which in turn will increase the farmers’ income and improve their standard of living.