Comparative Analysis Of Intensity Research Articles

A Comparative Analysis of Intensity and Energy Flux in the Focus of the High-Numeric-Aperture Conventional and Spiral Zone Plates

A Comparative Analysis of Intensity and Energy Flux in the Focus of the High-Numeric-Aperture Conventional and Spiral Zone Plates

Assessment of Epidemiological Situation on Hemorhhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome around the World and in Russia, Forecast for 2020

Objective of the review is to characterize the nature of epidemiological situation on HFRS around the world and to conduct a comparative analysis of intensity and dynamics of the epidemiological process in the Russian Federation by Federal Districts, as well as make forecast for 2020. The analysis of the epidemiological situation is based on the materials of the official websites of healthcare organizations in the USA and Europe, WHO, the data from operational monitoring carried out by the reference center for HFRS monitoring “Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology”, materials provided by the Rospotrebnadzor Institutions in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The analysis included all administrative territories of the Russian Federation. Statistical processing was carried out by standard methods of variation statistics applying Excel software. The epidemiological situation on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome around the world and in Russia remains tense. In the Russian Federation, epidemically active foci are located in the European part of the country, in Western Siberia and in the Far East. Infections over the period of 2010–2019 were registered in 8 federal districts of the Russian Federation, in 58 constituent entities. However, the incidence distribution across the territory of the country was differential. In 97 % of the cases, the incidence was recorded in the European part of Russia. In the Volga Federal District, HFRS incidence amounted to 82.16 % of the total incidence recorded on the whole in Russia. High incidence rates are also recorded in the Central Federal District (CFD). Over the past 10 years (2010–2019), there has been an increase in the incidence of HFRS in the Central and North-West Federal Districts, and a decrease in the incidence in the Ural and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Varying degree of anthropogenic impact on the natural HFRS foci and climate change manifested in increased ambient air temperatures are of great importance for the spread of HFRS over the past decade. At the end of the review the forecast of the development of the epidemiological situation on HFRS in the Russian Federation for 2020 is presented.

Comparative Analysis of Mixing Intensity and Losses Due to Hydraulic Resistance in Mixers of Electrical Desalting Plants

A comparative analysis of the intensity of mixing processes and losses due to hydraulic resistance in variously designed mixers used in electrical desalting plants of oil refineries was made. The effect of the working fluid feed rate was studied to analyze the flow structure in the working space of the apparatuses and to determine the hydrodynamic conditions that are favorable for execution of the flow mixing process and that excludes formation of stagnant areas in the equipment. The obtained results of numerical simulation of velocity and pressure fields can be used at the initial stage of design of new mixers (to justify choice of the shape, size of the working area, etc.) and to determine the optimum technological conditions of the operating apparatuses for crude oil desalting and dehydration (to reduce energy and fresh water consumption).

Регулирование системы детско-юношеского туризма в целях устойчивого развития

The article analyzes the current state of children and youth tourism in the Russian Federation, as well as the development ways of management and control of children and youth tourism at the regional level for the sustainable tourism development. The author justifies the importance of the education of children and young people by means of tourism in the spirit of the global concept of sustainable development and proves the need for an integrated approach to solving the problems of the organization of youth tourism in Russia. The author also conducts comparative analysis of intensity of youth tourism in the federal districts of the Russian Federation. The article examines the structure of the organization system of children and youth tourism in the regions of Russia and its quantitative characteristics. The author notes that both the number of recreational facilities for children, and the structure of consumption of children and youth recreation have changed. In particular, the number of children having a rest in the city school camps with day stay, specialized camps and sanatoriums is gradually increasing, and with that the number of children having a rest in camps of work and rest, as well as country health camps is reducing. The article shows that the complexity of the establishment of the children and youth tourism management system lies in a large number of entities with different submission. The author provides an analytical structural model of the sustainable children and youth tourism management system in the region of Russia (by the example of Moscow region). The functions of main regional authorities in the regulatory system are defined; recommendations to improve the management of the system of children and youth tourism for sustainable development are given. The additions to the legislative acts of Moscow region are proposed, and the necessity of inclusion in the target program "Education of Moscow region" indicators characterizing the state of youth tourism is proved.

Acid gastroesophageal reflux and intensity of symptoms in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Comparison of primary gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux secondary to food allergy

The ability to differentiate between primary and secondary causes of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is extremely important during the diagnostic procedure. At the same time, the quality of symptoms and the intensity of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) should be estimated. Acid GER is assessed using 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring; the results of this diagnostic test should always be interpreted alongside the clinical picture. To establish the interdependence between the intensity of the clinical symptoms and the acid reflux index in children with primary GER and GER secondary to cow's milk protein allergy (CMA) and/or other food allergies (FA). A total of 138 children of various ages with symptoms of GERD were included in the study. The diagnostic procedure included 24-hour pH monitoring of the esophagus with a 2-channel probe (distal and proximal lead). For this purpose, ESPGAN diagnostic criteria were implemented. The type and intensity of typical manifestations of GERD were assessed with the help of our own scoring system. This diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm which includes an oral food challenge test, was applied to 138 children in order to differentiate primary GER from GER secondary to CMA/FA. Primary GERD was diagnosed in 76 patients (55.1%) with a mean age: x=25.20 months+/-27.28 (group 1) and GERD secondary to CMA/FA was confirmed in 62 children (44.9%) with a mean age: x=21.53 months+/-17.79 (group 2). The most important pH-metric parameter analyzed in study groups 1 and 2 was the GER index: total and supine. An assessment of the intensity of symptoms and a comparative analysis of intensity was evaluated against the GER index: total and supine. Among study group 1, the following gradation of symptoms was found: in 31 children (40.8%)-degree 3, in 33 children (43.4%)-degree 4, and in 12 children (15.8%)-degree 5, whereas among the patients in group 2:25 (40.3%) were in degree 3, 27 (43.6%) were in degree 4, and 10 (16.1%) were in degree 5. It was estimated that the higher the GER result in both total and supine positions (for both leads), the higher the level of symptoms noted. This interdependence was demonstrated for both groups. In seeking to determine any etiopathogenetic connection between primary GER or GER secondary to CMA/FA and their clinical consequences, 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring with a 2-channel probe is recommended, since it provides for better clinical control of GERD and its appropriate treatment.

Comparative analysis of intensity of thymidine-H3 labeling of splenic lymphocytes in intact and immunized mice

Comparative analysis of intensity of thymidine-H3 labeling of splenic lymphocytes in intact and immunized mice