Comparative Analysis Of Efficacy Research Articles

Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety between D-TACE + HAIC + lenvatinib and D-TACE + lenvatinib in the treatment of unresectable massive hepatocellular carcinoma

Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety between D-TACE + HAIC + lenvatinib and D-TACE + lenvatinib in the treatment of unresectable massive hepatocellular carcinoma

Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of combined immunotherapy and immune targeted therapy in the first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: a real-world study

Aim. To compare of efficacy and safety of combined immune therapy (dual immune-oncology – IO combination therapies, IO-IO) and immune targeted therapy (ITT) in the first line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated in real world clinical practice. Materials and methods. The ambispective study enrolled patients with metastatic RCC aged ≥18 years, with measurable neoplastic lesions, who were treated with first-line IO-IO therapy or ITT. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results. The study included data from 126 patients treated with IO-IO [46 (36.5%) patients of the IMDC intermediate and poor prognostic groups] or ITT [80 (63.5%) patients of all IMDC prognostic groups]. In a median follow-up of all patients of 16.1 (0.1–44.9) months, the median PFS was 16.1 (10.9–21.3) months, the median overall survival (OS) was not reached; one-year OS was 83.0%; the objective response rate on the first line of therapy was 44.4% with a complete response rate of 3.2%. The rate of tumor control was 88.1%. In the overall population, ITT versus IO-IO provided a significant benefit in terms of ORR (51.2% vs 32.6%; p=0.032), PFS (median 22.9 months vs 8.0 months; p=0.004) and one-year OS (87.5% vs 65.2%; p=0.042). In the IPTW population, multivariate analysis confirmed the independent prognostic significance of the treatment regimen for PFS (hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–4.8; p=0.037) and OS (hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval 1.1–4.8; p=0.037). No difference in the safety profile of IO-IO and ITT was identified. Conclusion. The results support the hypothesis that ITT is more effective than IO-IO in the first-line treatment of advanced RCC in patients of IMDC intermediate and poor prognostic groups.

Enhanced Preoperative Planning for Intracranial Aneurysms Through Multimodal Image Fusion of Silent/Time-of-Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Computed Tomography Using 3DSlicer: A Comparative Efficacy Analysis With Computed Tomography Angiography.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of multimodal image fusion (MIF) using silent and time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography (CT) for preoperative planning in patients with intracranial aneurysms who have contraindications to contrast media. A retrospective study included 40 patients with intracranial aneurysms, diagnosed using three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (CTA). These patients underwent both Silent and TOF MRA scans, followed by a CTA scan. The multi-image fusion (MIF) technique, applied using 3DSlicer software, integrated the silent/TOF-MRA with CT images for preoperative assessment. This study compared the image quality, aneurysm detection sensitivity, and anatomic accuracy of the MIF images with those of three-dimensional CTA. Silent-MRA-CT fusion images demonstrated higher sensitivity (95.5%) and lower false negative rates (4.5%) compared with TOF-MRA-CT. Furthermore, silent-MRA-CT fusion images outperformed TOF-MRA-CT in terms of signal homogeneity, venous signal interference suppression, and aneurysm visibility (all P < 0.05). The interclass correlation coefficient and kappa values for aneurysm morphology and shape indicated superior measurement consistency and shape concordance of silent-MRA-CT with CTA compared with TOF-MRA-CT (all P < 0.01). This study supports the use of silent/TOF-MRA-CT fusion imaging as a reliable alternative to CTA, noting that silent-MRA-CT closely mirrors CTA. Contrast-free MRA-CT fusion images have the potential to be used for preoperative planning in patients with intracranial aneurysms who have contraindications to contrast.

A Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Rituximab in Patients with Primary Membranous Nephropathy

A Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Rituximab in Patients with Primary Membranous Nephropathy

Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Endoscopic versus Open Carpal Tunnel Release

Objectives: To compare the efficacy between endoscopic and open carpal tunnel release procedures for carpal tunnel syndrome patients. Design and setting: Randomised control study in a single neurosurgery department Participants: 30 patients aged 35-69 years with clinically diagnosed carpal tunnel syndrome Main outcome measures: Primarily - operative duration, bleeding, pain score on day one, requirement of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), time spent in hospital and days taken to return to work. Other outcomes include infection, wound status/cosmesis, injury to median nerve, chronic regional pain syndrome and patient satisfaction. Results: 15 patients were allocated to open surgery, and the other 15 for endoscopic. The average operative duration for open surgery was 9.9 minutes compared to 52 minutes spent for the endoscopic procedure. Cauterization had to be performed 4:1 times in endoscopic compared to open. Pain scores rated 3x higher after open surgery and resulted in increased NSAIDs use. Time spent in hospital after open surgery was 0.7 hours compared to 2.2 in endoscopic, however patients were able to return to work an average of 10.6 days earlier after endoscopic surgery. Conclusions: In carpal tunnel syndrome, endoscopic surgery allowed patients to experience less post-operative pain and return to work several days sooner than in open surgery.

Bilingual Education Models: Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and Outcomes

This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of three bilingual education models: Transitional Bilingual Education (TBE), Dual-Language Immersion (DLI), and Maintenance Bilingual Education (MBE). It examines their efficacy in enhancing language proficiency, cognitive development, and cultural competence. Through a combination of quantitative data and qualitative insights from interviews and case studies, the findings reveal that DLI and MBE models are particularly effective in promoting bilingualism, cognitive advantages, and cultural understanding. The study provides policy recommendations and strategies for funding and sustaining these programs, emphasizing the need for comprehensive support and community engagement.

Optimal Surgical Approaches for Thyroid Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and Complications.

BACKGROUND Completion thyroidectomy (CTx) is performed following hemithyroidectomy (HTx) when the risk of malignancy persists or is discovered postoperatively. Different surgical approaches, including CTx after HTx (CTx-HTx), total thyroidectomy (TTx), and revision surgery after TTx (RTx-TTx), offer varying risks and benefits, including pathological outcomes and complication rates. Understanding the predictors and rates of malignancy in these procedures is crucial for optimizing surgical management of thyroid disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from January 2014 to October 2019, including 60 patients each in the CTx-HTx and TTx groups, and 47 in the RTx-TTx group. The CTx-HTx group was subdivided based on benign or malignant findings in CTx specimens. Clinicodemographic data and pathological features such as tumor type, size, side, capsular and vascular invasion, extrathyroidal spread, multifocality, and lymph node metastasis were reviewed. RESULTS Age and sex distributions were similar across groups. In the CTx-HTx group, 76.7% of specimens were benign and 23.3% malignant. No significant predictors of malignancy were found between the benign and malignant subgroups in univariate and multivariable analyses. In the TTx group, 75.0% of initial lobes and 13.3% of contralateral lobes were malignant. TTx was associated with a significant postoperative decrease in calcium and longer hospital stays. Multivariable analysis identified TTx as an independent risk factor for hypocalcemia. CONCLUSIONS Reducing overtreatment in thyroid cancer may involve limiting CTx after HTx and considering more conservative initial surgeries, particularly when indications for TTx are not definitive.

Comparing the efficacy and safety of HepaSphere drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy alone in unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

3565 Background: Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) are widely employed treatments for unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Limited evaluation exists regarding TACE plus HAIC versus HAIC alone. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining HepaSphere DEB-TACE with HAIC compared to HAIC alone in patients with unresectable CRLM. Methods: A total of 259 CRLM patients aged over 18 years, treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital between March 2015 and November 2022, were included in this retrospective study. Among them, 157 patients received HepaSphere DEB-TACE combined with HAIC (DEB-TACE-HAIC), while 102 patients received HAIC alone. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to avoid selection bias and enable comparative analysis of efficacy and safety between the two cohorts. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints comprised hepatic progression-free survival (hPFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety. Results: PSM resulted in 83 pairs, achieving comparable baseline between DEB-TACE-HAIC and HAIC cohorts. Of these pairs, 116 were male and 50 were female. Notably, 51.2% of patients harbored mutations in either KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF genes. Prior to enrollment, 94.6% of patients had received systemic treatments. Median hPFS, PFS and OS were all higher in the matched DEB-TACE-HAIC cohort (median hPFS: 7.6 vs. 4.1 months, P=0.023; median PFS: 5.1 vs. 3.5 months, P=0.092; median OS: 15.5 vs. 14.7 months, P=0.513). ORR was 37.3% in the DEB-TACE-HAIC group and 27.7% in the HAIC group, with DCR of 75.9% and 69.9%, respectively. There were no treatment related deaths. Serious adverse events were comparable between the two groups, except for nausea, which occurred more frequently in the HAIC group (39.8% vs. 22.9%, P=0.019). Conclusions: DEB-TACE-HAIC demonstrated superior survival compared to HAIC alone in unresectable CRLM, even in patients refractory to systemic therapy. The combination of HepaSphere DEB-TACE and HAIC appears promising as a regional treatment option with improved outcomes and a comparable safety profile.

Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery versus percutaneuos nephrolithotomy for complex pediatric stone disease: A comparative analysis of efficacy and safety

INTRODUCTIONDecision-making for complex pediatric urinary system stone disease is still a challenge for pediatric urologists. The interest in supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is increasing among centers to achieve high surgical success rates with less morbidity. Despite advanced retrograde intrarenal surgery armamentarium, percutaneous approaches remain the first-line surgical treatment modality for >2 cm and complex renal stones. There are no comparative studies yet in the literature for pediatric endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) OBJECTIVEIn this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature by evaluating the safety and efficacy of ECIRS by comparing it with PCNL. STUDY DESIGNPatients under 18 years of age who underwent PCNL and ECIRS for urinary tract stone disease at our Pediatric Urology department between 2012 and 2024 were included. Preoperative (demographic characteristics, stone characteristics, biochemical parameters), perioperative (duration of surgery, number of accesses, lasing and fluoroscopy times, endoscopic and fluoroscopic stone-free rates) and postoperative (hospital stay, urinary tract infection, complication and radiological stone-free rates) parameters were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTSA total of 68 children [28 (41%) girls and 40 (59%) boys] aged 5 (0-17) years were included in the study. ECIRS was performed in 19 (28%), supine in 28 (41%) and prone PCNL in 21 (30%) patients. Age (p = 0.029), Guy's stone score (p<0.001), S.T.O.N.E. (p<0.001), and Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity (S-ReSC) scores (p=0.001) for preoperative parameters were found to be higher in ECIRS group over both PCNL methods (Summary Table). However, Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) score was seen lower for ECIRS group patients compared to other groups (p=0.028).Surgery time (in favor of supine over prone PCNL), fluoroscopy time (in favor of ECIRS and Supine PCNL over Prone PCNL), preferred laser type (prone PCNL group was mostly performed with holmium laser, whereas other groups were balanced between Holmium and Thulium Fiber Laser) and exit strategy (the preferred exit strategy was DJ Stent in most of the ECIRS patients, whereas nephrostomy tube was used in some of the PCNL group) showed significant difference among the groups as perioperative parameters (p=0.042, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). Surgery time was lower for supine PCNL compared to prone PCNL. For postoperative parameters, stone-free rates, complication rates and urinary tract infections were similar between the 3 groups, while a difference was detected in terms of length of hospital stay in favor of ECIRS over both supine and prone PCNL (p = 0.006). DISCUSSIONThe current trial suggests that stone-free and complication rates of ECIRS and supine PCNL were similar in the pediatric complex stone patients. Although, the stones in the ECIRS group we found to be more complex. Also, ECIRS was superior to PCNL in terms of fluoroscopy exposure and hospital stay. CONCLUSIONWith the widespread use of new generation ureteral access sheaths and flexible ureterorenoscopes, ECIRS may have an important role in treatment of complex pediatric kidney stones.

Comparative efficacy analysis of mannitol and hypertonic saline in the management of traumatic brain injury: a scientific exploration of neuroprotective strategies

Comparative efficacy analysis of mannitol and hypertonic saline in the management of traumatic brain injury: a scientific exploration of neuroprotective strategies

Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Lactic Acid 30% with Ferulic Peel 12% (Combination Peel) Versus TCA 10% with Ferulic Peel 12% (Combination Peel) for Photoageing Skin.

Chemical peels are used to treat photoageing, pigmentation, improve complexion and dull skin, fine lines and scars. The objective of this study is to do comparative analysis of Lactic Acid 30% with Ferulic peel 12% (combination peel) versus TCA 10% with Ferulic peel 12% (combination peel) for Photoageing Skin. This is a retrospective study from September 2021 to 2022 with total 50 female patients aged between 25 and 40years were treated. Randomisation of patients was done (simple randomisation using lottery method) for both groups with 25 patients enrolled in each group. The first group (Group A-25 patients) were treated with lactic acid 30% with Ferulic peel 12% (combination peel). The second group (Group B-25 patients) were treated with TCA 10% with Ferulic peel 12% (combination peel). Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been defined for the study. Two scales have been used for assessing the results: Allergan Skin Roughness Scale (ASRS) and Allergan Fine Line Scale (AFLS). ASRS and AFLS scores were assessed at pre-treatment (pre) and post treatment (post-1month after last peel session). Data were summarised in Mean ± SD (standard deviation). Pre and post groups were compared by paired t test. The pre to post change in outcome measures between two independent groups were compared by independent Student's t test. Discrete (categorical) groups were compared by Chi-square (χ2) test. A two-tailed (α=2) P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were performed on SPSS software (Windows version 22.0). Patients were followed up for 6 months post treatment. In Group A, comparing the pre and post ASRS score, paired t test showed significant (P < 0.001) decrease or improvement of 56.1%. In Group B, comparing the pre and post ASRS score, paired t test showed significant (P < 0.001) decrease or improvement of 52.8%. Comparing the pre to post mean decrease or improvement in ASRS score of two groups, Student's t test showed similar (P > 0.05) improvement between the two groups though it was 2.5% higher in Group B as compared to Group A. In Group A, comparing the pre and post AFLS score, paired t test showed significant (P < 0.001) decrease or improvement of 63.2% at post as compared to pre. In Group B, comparing the pre and post AFLS score, paired t test showed significant (P < 0.001) decrease or improvement of 58.8% at post as compared to pre. Further, comparing the pre to post mean decrease or improvement in AFLS score of two groups, Student's t test showed similar (P > 0.05) improvement between the two groups though it was 16.7% higher in Group A as compared to Group B. Study found both the treatments equally effective in the management of ageing skin after 6months of treatment. However, study needs further validation on larger sample size, varied age groups and male gender. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Comparative analysis of efficacy of different forms of Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum on functional dyspepsia in rats based on composition-pharmacodynamics

A systematic evaluation of the differences in the chemical composition and efficacy of the different forms of Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum(GGEC) was conducted based on modern analytical techniques and a functional dyspepsia(FD) rat model, which clarifies the material basis of the digestive efficacy of GGEC. Proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, amino acids, and flavonoids in GGEC powder and decoction were determined respectively. The total protein of the powder and decoction was 0.06% and 0.65%, respectively, and the pepsin and amylase potency of the powder was 27.03 and 44.05 U·mg~(-1) respectively. The polysaccharide of the decoction was 0.03%, and there was no polysaccharide detected in the powder. The total L-type amino acids in the powder and decoction were 279.81 and 8.27 mg·g~(-1) respectively, and the total flavonoid content was 59.51 μg·g~(-1). Enzymes and flavonoids were not detected in the decoction. The powder significantly reduced nutrient paste viscosity, while the decoction and control group showed no significant reduction in nutrient paste viscosity. FD rat models were prepared by iodoacetamide gavage and irregular diet. The results showed that both powder and decoction significantly increased the gastric emptying effect, small intestinal propulsion rate, digestive enzymes activity, gastrin(GAS), motilin(MTL), ghrelin(GHRL) and reduced vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), 3-(2-ammo-nioethyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-indolium maleate(5-HT), and somatostatin(SST) content in rats(P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.01). Comparison of GGEC decoction and powder administration between groups of the same dosage level showed that gastrointestinal propulsion and serum levels of GAS, GHRL, VIP, and SST in the powder group were significantly superior to those in the decoction and that the gastrointestinal propulsion, as well as serum levels of MTL, GAS, and GHRL were slightly higher than those of the decoction with two times its raw dose, and the serum levels of SST, 5-HT, and VIP in the powder group were slightly lower than those of the decoction with two times its raw dose. In conclusion, both decoction and powder have therapeutic effects on FD, but there is a significant difference between the two effects. Under the same dosage, the digestive efficacy of the powder is significantly better than that of the decoction, and the decoction needs to increase the dosage to compensate for the efficacy. It is hypothesized that the digestive efficacy of the GGEC has a duality, and the digestive active ingredients of the powder may include enzymes and L-type amino acids, while the decoction mainly relies on L-type amino acids to exert its efficacy. This study provides new evidence to investigate the digestive active substances of the GGEC and to improve the effectiveness of the drug in the clinic.

Development of the Efficient Scheme of Cow Mastitis Prophylaxis

Introduction. Among many diseases reducing cow milk productivity, mastitis occupies a special place — the milk yield losses due to this widespread infectious disease equal, in average, to 8–15% of the total losses caused by all diseases in cows. Only an integrated approach can ensure achievement of the best results in solving this acute problem. Within the integrated approach, the use of various sanitary disinfectants before and after milking is primary important. To multiply the effect, we decided to combine the disinfecting treatment with the vaccination of cows against mastitis — a preventive measure becoming popular nowadays. The aim of the research is to develop the efficient scheme of cow mastitis prophylaxis based on the comparative efficacy analysis of applying the various disinfectants in immunized and nonimmunized animals.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out at the premises of the Agricultural Production Cooperative “Plemzavod Maiskii” (Maiskii Breeding Farm) during five months after the vaccination of cows (from November 2021 to March 2022). The cows were vaccinated with the home-developed inactivated associated vaccine against mastitis of cows. The post-milking treatment was carried out with the disinfectants “ProfiClean Iodine” and “Lorena”. For conducting the study, 4 groups of cows per 10 heads each were selected: the control group (in which only “ProfiClean Iodine” disinfectant was used), the experimental groups No. 1 (in which "Lorena" disinfectant was used), No. 2 (in which “ProfiClean Iodine” disinfectant was used in vaccinated animals) and No. 3 (in which “Lorena” disinfectant was used in vaccinated animals). The vaccination efficacy coefficient was calculated according to the formula EC = ((B – A)/B) × 100, where EC is the efficacy coefficient (%); A — is the cow mastitis incidence in vaccinated animals; B — is the cow mastitis incidence in non-vaccinated animals.Results. It has been established that the efficacy of “ProfiClean Iodine” for mastitis incidence prophylaxis in vaccinated animals compared to the non-vaccinated animals was 78.0%; the same prophylactic efficacy indicator of “Lorena” lotion was 89.0%. Monthly bacteriological examinations of the cow udder secretion resulted in isolation of the Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) culture, which is the prevailing infectious agent of cow mastitis, in 30.0% of cows in the control group. Pathogenic streptococci and enterobacteria have not been isolated. Opportunistic pathogenic staphylococci have been found in the udder secretion of animals in all studied groups, whereas the maximum amounts have been recorded in the control group and group No. 1 (50.0 and 40.0 % respectively) and the minimum – in groups No. 2 and 3 (10.0% each).Discussion and Conclusion. The research clearly demonstrates the efficacy of the integrated approach in solving the problem of the cow mastitis incidence — the incidence was 4.5 times lower in the experimental group No. 2 and 9.0 times lower in experimental group No. 3 compared to the control group. The combined use of the disinfectants and the inactivated associated vaccine against cow mastitis is a workable scheme providing 78.0 – 89.0% prophylactic efficacy, therefore it can be recommended for implementation into the agricultural enterprises of the appropriate profile.

A Comprehensive Review of Current Management Trends in Medial Compartment Arthritis of the Knee Joint.

Medial compartment arthritis of the knee joint presents a significant clinical challenge, with diverse management options ranging from nonsurgical interventions to various surgical procedures. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the management trends in medial compartment arthritis, highlighting both nonsurgical approaches such as physical therapy, pharmacological interventions, and intra-articular injections as well as surgical interventions, including arthroscopic debridement, high tibial osteotomy, and knee arthroplasty. Through a comparative analysis of efficacy, complication rates, and patient outcomes, this review underscores the importance of tailoring treatment strategies to individual patient characteristics and preferences. Furthermore, emerging techniques and technologies promise to advance the field, necessitating ongoing research efforts to refine treatment algorithms and establish standardized guidelines. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach and integrating evidence-based practices, clinicians can optimize the management of medial compartment arthritis and enhance patient care outcomes.

Assessing cardiac resynchronization therapy response in heart failure patients: a comparative analysis of efficacy and outcomes between transvenous and epicardial leads

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for selected heart failure (HF) patients. Although transvenous implantation is the standard method, it is not feasible in some patients, so the epicardial lead emerges as an alternative. We aim to compare CRT response, procedure-related complications, and the occurrence of clinical outcomes between patients with transvenous and epicardial leads. In a single-center retrospective study, we enrolled consecutive HF patients submitted to CRT implantation with a defibrillator between 2013 and 2022. Clinical response was defined as an improvement of at least one of the New York Heart Association classes with no occurrence of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization in the first year of follow-up. Echocardiographic response was attained with an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction 10% or a reduction of left ventricular end-diastolic volume &gt;15% at 6-12 months after CRT implantation. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalization) and all-cause mortality were evaluated. From a total of 149 patients, 38% (n=57) received an epicardial lead. Clinical (63% versus 60%, p=0.679) and echocardiographic (63% versus 60%, p=0.679) responses were similar between the transvenous and epicardial groups. Patients in the transvenous group had a shorter hospital stay (2 versus 7 days, p&lt;0.001). Procedure-related complications were comparable between groups (24% versus 28%, p=0.572), but left ventricular lead-related complications were more frequent in the transvenous group (14% versus 2%). During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, the rate of MACE was 30% (n=44), with no differences in both groups (p=0.591), neither regarding HF hospitalization (p=0.917) nor cardiovascular mortality (p=0.060). Nevertheless, the epicardial group had a higher rate of all-cause mortality (35% versus 20%, p=0.005), the majority occurring during long-term follow-up (&gt;12 months), with no deaths in the postoperative period. Considering the comparable rates of CRT response, procedure-related complications, and MACE between groups, we conclude that epicardial lead is a feasible alternative for CRT when transvenous lead implantation is not possible. The occurrence of a higher number of all-cause deaths in epicardial patients in the long-term follow-up was mainly due to infectious complications (unrelated to the lead) and the progression of oncological/chronic diseases.

Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Epidural Analgesia vs Intra-operative Cocktail for Post-operative Pain Management in Total Knee Replacement (TKR) Patients

Comparative Analysis of Efficacy of Epidural Analgesia vs Intra-operative Cocktail for Post-operative Pain Management in Total Knee Replacement (TKR) Patients

Evaluation of Nitazoxanide versus Metronidazole in Pediatric Giardia lamblia-Induced Diarrhea: A Comparative Efficacy Analysis

Background: The choice between shorter-duration Nitazoxanide and longer-duration Metronidazole regimens for treating Giardia lamblia-induced diarrhea in children requires careful consideration of efficacy, safety, and treatment adherence. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of a 3-day treatment regimen with Nitazoxanide to a 5-day treatment regimen with Metronidazole in children with diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT). Settings: Department of Paediatric, Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran Pakistan. Duration: From 1st September, 2022 to February 2023. Methods: Pediatric patients aged 1 to 12 years diagnosed with diarrhea attributed to Giardia lamblia infection. Exclusion criteria were children suffering from chronic gastrointestinal diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, or those who had undergone anti-parasitic medication in the last month. Subjects were randomised to one of two treatment groups in a random manner: Nitazoxanide Group: The patients were administered a 3-day regimen of Nitazoxanide at a dosage of 15 mg/kg/day, split into two separate doses. Metronidazole Group: Patients were administered a 5-day regimen of Metronidazole at a dosage of 30 mg/kg/day, which was divided into three equal doses. The primary outcome measure was the resolution of diarrhea, assessed by the absence of loose or watery stools for at least 24 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS to compare outcomes between the two treatment groups. Results: The mean age of patients in the Nitazoxanide group was 6.7 ± 2.3 years, while in the Metronidazole group, it was slightly lower at 6.3±2.1 years. In terms of gender distribution, there were 40 males (53.3%) and 35 females (46.7%) in the Nitazoxanide group, whereas in the Metronidazole group, there were 35 males (46.7%) and 40 females (53.3%). In the Nitazoxanide group, 90% of patients achieved resolution, with 68 patients. In contrast, 85% of patients in the Metronidazole group had resolved diarrhea, totaling 64 patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study found comparable efficacy between nitazoxanide and metronidazole for treating Giardia lamblia-induced diarrhea with 95% parasite clearance in nitazoxanide and 90% in metronidazole. However, nitazoxanide exhibits superior parasite clearance, suggesting its potential as a promising alternative in pediatric clinical practice.

Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and AD26.COV2.S

Vaccine technology has been going through some radical and incremental advancement over the years for its importance as the most crucial tool in the prevention and elimination of transmissive diseases. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, several vaccine platforms were being studied, developed, and entered the market. Among the platforms, vector viral vaccines attracted particular attention for the cooperation of viral vectors to deliver genetic material of the pathogens. While the mechanism has improved the flexibility of vaccine design and efficacy, the adverse events after vaccination were worth attention at the same time. Taking ChAdOx12 nCov-19 and AD26.COV2.S. as the subjects, the efficacy and safety of the two vaccine platforms were compared and analyzed. In this paper, the initial vaccine efficacy, the resistances against virus variants, and various post vaccination adverse events were looked in more detail to identify the different factors that could affect the performance of viral vector vaccines.

PP172 Comparative analysis of efficacy of first-line CDK 4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy in HR-positive, Her2-negative metastatic breast cancer: Real world experience

PP172 Comparative analysis of efficacy of first-line CDK 4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy in HR-positive, Her2-negative metastatic breast cancer: Real world experience

Comparative analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of omalizumab biosimilar in the treatment of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

BACKGROUND: Importance of optimizing strategy for treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria is highly becoming relevance for the clinicians. Nowadays monoclonal antibodies are preferred option of treatment the refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria, main of that is omalizumab.&#x0D; AIM: to establish comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of Genolair (JSC Generium, Russia) and Xolair (Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland) in the treatment of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 36-week, open parallel-group study was conducted. Were included 43 adult patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria who were resistant to ongoing therapy with standard and escalated doses of second-generation H1-antihistamines. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group (MG; n=18) ― patients who administrated Genolair; the comparison group (CG; n=25) ― patients who firstly administrated Xolair and then switching therapy to Genolair. Throughout the study period, patients completed questionnaires on the assessment of disease activity (UAS 7), urticaria control (UCT), quality of life index (DLQI). Additionally, the level of total IgE in blood serum was assessed. For statistical data processing, EXCEL 2010 and STATISTICA 7.0 software packages were used.&#x0D; RESULTS: After 4 weeks from the start of monoclonal antibody therapy, patients in both groups were responders to omalizumab. At the same time, there were no significant differences when comparing scores on the UAS 7, UCT scale between patients of the MG and the CG during the entire observation period (p 0.05). The change in treatment paradigm in CG also did not have a statistically significant effect on the indicators of urticaria activity and disease control (p 0.05). At the same time, the quality of everyday life changed more positively in the MG, which was reflected in a more pronounced change in the DLQI index at the time of the control assessment since 20 weeks of therapy (p=0.032). An increase in the level of total IgE in the blood serum of all patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria after the initiation of a course of immunobiological therapy was demonstrated, while there were no statistically significant intergroup differences in relation to changes in this laboratory parameter (p 0.05).&#x0D; CONCLUSION: During the treatment of patients with severe chronic spontaneous urticaria, resistant to ongoing therapy with standard and escalated doses of second-generation H1-antihistamines, comparable clinical efficacy and safety of the study drug Genolair and the reference drug Xolair were shown.