Compact Dual-polarized Antenna Research Articles

A Compact Dual-polarized Probe-fed UWB Antenna System for Breast Cancer Detection Applications

This article proposes an electrically small, probe-fed Ultra-Wideband (UWB) monopole antenna on a slotted truncated ground plane for breast cancer detection. The physical footprint of the proposed antenna element is 33 mm × 35 mm × 0.5 mm. This element is designed on the low-cost FR4 Epoxy substrate with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The proposed antenna has an electrical size of 0.33λ × 0.35λ × 0.005λ at the lowest frequency of operation; the radiator offers an impedance bandwidth of 8.34 GHz, which implies a fractional bandwidth of 115.5%. A compact dual-polarized antenna topology with two orthogonally placed probe-fed monopole antennas is proposed to achieve polarization diversity. The impedance characteristics of the individual radiating elements are maintained in spite of the electrical proximity of the radiators. The numerically computed and experimentally measured results of dual-polarized electrically small UWB antenna agree quite well. The proposed dual-polarized antenna topology is investigated for its utility in breast cancer detection in simulation.

Compact Dual-polarized Antenna with Wide Band and High Isolation Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

Compact Dual-polarized Antenna with Wide Band and High Isolation Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

Bandwidth Enhancement of a Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna for Sub-6G 5G CPE

An ultrawideband dual-polarized antenna for fifth generation (5G) customer premise equipment is investigated and designed in a compact environment by using a double-loop-dipole structure and a co-planar-slot feeding concept. First, the existing design of dual-polarized octagonal loop dipoles is introduced at first. Then, a novel double-loop-dipole structure and co-planar-slot feeding are proposed and demonstrated in detail from the current distribution and physical structure sides. Finally, the proposed antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results present that the proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth of 86% from 2.2 to 5.5 GHz with the VSWR less than 1.8, high polarization isolation of 25 dB, and stable radiation patterns over the desired frequencies of 2.3–5.2 GHz. It is worth mentioning that the proposed ideas can effectively aid in impedance bandwidth improvement without adding additional cost for sub-6G 5G applications.

Broadband Dual-Polarized Antenna Array With Endfire Radiation for 5G Mobile Phone Applications

This letter presents a wideband compact dual-polarized antenna with endfire radiation pattern for the fifth-generation millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The antenna achieves a –10 dB <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> bandwidth of 16.5% (25–29.5 GHz). The antenna has a thickness of 1.6 mm and a clearance of 3.4 mm. The presented four-element array achieves a maximum realized gain of 9.9 and 9.1 dBi for horizontal mode (H-mode) and vertical mode (V-mode), respectively. The antenna has a wide beamwidth in both elevation and azimuth planes with good scanning performance for both H-mode and V-mode.

Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna with Low-Pass Response for Marine Communication

This paper proposes a compact dual-polarized cross-dipole antenna with low-pass filtering radiation response. The antenna consists of two pairs of orthogonally placed cross-dipoles, a circular patch, a filtering balun and a folded ground plane. Shape of the dipoles and installation of the patch are designed collaboratively to realize wideband and high efficiency in a compact size. The balun, which also contributes a resonance, simultaneously realizes low-pass filtering response at wide stop-band and low loss in passband, with a simple structure. For demonstration, the proposed antenna is implemented. Size of the radiator is 0.28*0.28*0.29 λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The measured 15-dB return-loss bandwidth of the prototype is 32.7%, which covers the 4G bands (from 690 MHz to 960 MHz). In the passband, efficiencies beyond 90% and peak gains of 9.05 ± 0.55 dBi are measured. The half-power beamwidth at passband is maintained 65° ± 5°. At frequencies ranging from 1.7 GHz to 4.0 GHz, the prototype can provide beyond 13 dB gain suppression. The proposed antenna can be a good candidate to integrate with elements operating at higher frequencies to form an aperture-shared array for shore-to-ship communication.

Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna With Enlarged Effective-to-Physical Aperture Ratio for Wireless Power Transfer and RFID

A composite approach is proposed to design a miniaturized dual-polarized antenna with high gain for wireless power transfer and radio frequency identification. The compact antenna has a small ground plane and a low profile. It consists of a patterned driven patch, an air substrate, a slotted ground, and feeding and parasitic patches. The current distribution on it is elaborately tailored to fulfill miniaturization and gain enhancement simultaneously. The multipolar analysis method is applied to guide and clarify the design process. The overall antenna size can be reduced to 0.3 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><b>0</b></sub> ×0.3 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><b>0</b></sub> ×0.015 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><b>0</b></sub> , whereas the gain still reaches 5.6 dBi, implying an effective-to-physical aperture ratio of 3. Moreover, the input matching, port isolation, and cross-polarization suppression are also discussed. The proximity coupling approach and structural symmetry are utilized for performance improvement.

Dual-Polarized Broadband Base Station Antenna Backed With Dielectric Cavity for 5G Communications

A compact dual-polarized antenna with total dimensions of 31 × 31 × 14 mm3 is proposed for the fifth-generation base stations at 3.5 GHz. The antenna consists of two orthogonal bow-tie dipoles. The bandwidth is enhanced using eight parasitic strips along with the dipole patches, two U-shaped slots around the feeding positions, and dielectric cavity, which brings two resonant frequencies closer to each other. The isolation between the dual polarization is improved by adding two shorting pins symmetrically with respect to the feeding cable. The proposed antenna operates in the range of 3.2–3.9 GHz with S11 ≤−15 dB and has port isolation better than 40 dB. The measured results show good performances in front-to-back ratio, cross-polarization discrimination ratio, and stable radiation patterns. Finally, the proposed antenna is used to construct a 2 × 4 multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with a compact size of 101 × 170 × 14 mm3 (1.16 λ 0 × 1.96 λ 0 × 0.16 λ 0). The MIMO antenna is fabricated and tested. Good results are observed.

Compact Dual-Broadband Dual-Polarized Antenna With Additional Ground Platform

A compact dual-polarized antenna element covering the frequency bands of 0.773~1.0405 GHz and 1.69~2.83 GHz is proposed in this paper. The nested scheme is adopted and the performances of the lower- and upper-band element are analyzed, respectively. A ground platform in the center of lower-band element lowers the resonance frequency of element, makes the structure compact, and suppress the mutual interference between the lower- and upper-band elements. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed structure has stable smooth radiation patterns and the peak gains of 8.83 and 9.34 dBi for the lower- and upper-band elements, respectively. Based on the proposed elements, an array composed of three lower-band elements and five upper-band elements is designed and measured. The results show that the array achieves a stable flat half-power beamwidth (HPBW), isolation better than 25 dB and cross polarization levels less than -15 dB are obtained. The proposed antenna is a candidate for the multi mobile communication systems.

Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna for Dual-Band Full-Duplex Base Station Applications

A compact single-radiator microstrip patch antenna with highly integrated duplexing and filtering functions is proposed for dual-band dual-polarized (DBDP) base-station applications, and the center frequency ratio of the upper and the lower operation band is just 1.14. The single radiation patch with four high isolation channels is oriented along the 45° diagonal of the ground plane to achieve the ±45° dual linearly polarizations (LP) at each of the two operation bands. For each polarization, the dual-band full-duplex characteristic is obtained by conceiving the strong mutual coupling between the combined resonator and the radiation path, and the mutual coupling then couples to two groups of resonator-based channels with different working frequencies. Therefore, high channel isolation is achieved, without resorting extra decoupling structures. Moreover, the mutual coupling of each resonator-based channel can help to improve its corresponding operation band and produce the third-order filtering feature, leading to enhancement of the full-duplex characteristic for the proposed antenna. Such a single-patch four-port DBDP antenna could significantly reduce the complexity and volume of the RF frontend of the base station. The removal of the bandpass filters and duplexers in the design could also reduce the potential cost of the RF frontend. The measured results agree well with the simulations, showing an excellent performance in terms of bandwidths, channel isolations, polarization isolations, radiation patterns, and gains.

Performance Improvement of Two-Hop Relay System Using Polarization Diversity

With growing demands for mobile data, providing reliable communication with high quality of service has become a critical issue. Wireless relaying has been recognized as an effective solution to enhance system coverage, data rate, reliability and energy efficiency by introducing additional network node-relay. However, complex wireless channel characteristics, such as fading, path loss, noise and interference limits the performance of such systems in a manner that it is dominated by the worst channel. That is why additional techniques are necessary to be implemented in order to improve the characteristics of this bottleneck link, and performance of relay system as whole. Multi-antenna relaying has emerged as a promising technique to overcome bottleneck effect in relay system and provide performance enhancements, but the small size of network nodes limits their use at wireless terminals. In this paper we propose the implementation of polarization diversity, where one compact dual-polarized antenna is used instead of two adequately separated antennas. Maximal ratio combining of diversity signals in amplify-and-forward relaying systems applying variable gain is analysed. Mixed Rayleigh/Ricean fading environment is assumed, while two diversity signals are described as two correlated and non-identical Rayleigh fading channels. Novel analytical model for determining the performance of the analysed relay system expressed through the system’s outage and bit error rate is derived. Excellent match between Monte-Carlo simulations and numerical results confirms the validity of the proposed analytical model. Furthermore, the presented results illustrate the effect of various channels parameters on the system performance, such as Ricean K factor, average signal to noise ratios, diversity signals’ correlation and cross-polar discrimination. For a given performance requirements, the proposed solution can significantly improve relay system performance.

Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna With High Selectivity and Low Cross Polarization

This paper presents a dual-polarized patch antenna with quasi-elliptic bandpass responses. The proposed antenna is mainly composed of a feeding network, a driven patch, and a stacked patch, with its entire height being $0.09\lambda $ . The feeding network consists of two orthogonal H-shaped lines that coupled to the driven patch, each for one polarization. The elaborately-designed feeding lines not only ensure a sharp roll-off rate at the lower band edge, but also help to achieve low cross polarization and high isolation between two feeding ports. On the other hand, the upper stacked patch provides improved suppression levels at the upper stopband and also an enhanced gain within passband. Consequently, a compact dual-polarized antenna with satisfying filtering performance is obtained, without using extra filtering circuits. For demonstration, an antenna is designed to fit the specification of LTE band (2.49–2.69 GHz). The implemented antenna achieves an average a gain of 9 dBi, a cross-polarization ratio of 29 dB, an isolation of 35 dB within LTE band. The out-of-band suppression level is more than 40 dB within the 2G and 3G frequency bands from 1.71–2.17 GHz. It can be used as the antenna elements in multiband base station antenna arrays to reduce the mutual coupling.

A Novel Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna

A novel compact dual-polarized antenna is proposed. The antenna has a 1.43% impedance bandwidth which is from 1801 MHz to 1827 MHz for return loss larger than 10 dB. The isolation between the two ports is above 28 dB in the bandwidth, and the gain is 6.6 dBi. The proposed antenna not only consists of a full-planar structure, but also is easy to be fabricated for its simple structure. Additionally, a section of slots and slits is cut on the radiation patch to reduce the area of it to 54% compared with the conventional square patch.

Design of Compact Dual-Polarized Antennas for MIMO Handsets

A design method of compact dual-polarized antennas has been proposed for multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) handset application. For the sake of high isolation in dual polarizations, a printed monopole and a hybrid slot antenna are combined using a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip hybrid feeding structure. The proposed topology will result in orthogonal current distribution modes for the different polarizations, which effectively reduces the mutual coupling of the two modes. The operation mechanism of the feeding structure is analyzed in principle and verified by simulation. Simulated and measured results show this compact dual-polarized antenna achieves isolation between the two ports of better than 25 dB, and the relative bandwidth is wider than 23.5%.

Compact, Dual-Polarized UWB-Antenna, Embedded in a Dielectric

A compact dual-polarized antenna is described for ultrawideband (UWB) applications. The main features of the antenna, besides an ultrawidebandwidth are low cross-polarization and small dimensions. The feed of the antenna is based on the tapered slot antennas, enclosed in a dielectric. The new antenna concept, including the feed of the antenna for dual-polarization and its integration, is described in detail. Prototypes are shown and their performances are demonstrated, based on simulation and measurement results in frequency and time domain. The antenna prototype input match is better than -10 dB, a maximal gain of 10.5 dBi and a mean polarization decoupling of approximately 17 dB in the main beam direction in the 3.1-10.6 GHz UWB band are achieved. In the time domain a peak value of 0.4 m/ns, a full width at half maximum of 100 ps and a ringing of 145 ps are measured. With a maximum antenna diameter of 35 mm and 53 mm length this new antenna is also suited for UWB antenna arrays.

A Dual-Polarization Slot Antenna Using a Compact CPW Feeding Structure

A dual-polarization coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed slot antenna is proposed in this letter. By exploiting the even and odd modes of a CPW structure, two orthogonal polarizations can be excited in a slot aperture by the same feeding CPW, which results in a compact dual-polarization antenna design with very good isolation between the ports. The -10-dB reflection coefficient bandwidths of two polarizations are 670 MHz (27.9%) for one polarization and 850 MHz (35.4%) for the other, and the isolation between the two ports in the WLAN band is better than -32.6 dB. The radiation pattern and efficiency of the proposed antenna are also measured, and radiation pattern data are compared with simulation results.

S-band dual-path dual-polarized antenna system for satellite digital audio radio service (SDARS) application

This paper presents a novel compact dual-polarized antenna system for S-band satellite digital broadcasting receivers. The demonstrated antenna system consists of a low form factor dual-polarized antenna pair and two-stage low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) integrated with each antenna. One antenna is a low-profile annular ring patch antenna having a 90/spl deg/ phase-delay element for circular polarization (CP) and the other antenna is a reactively-loaded monopole antenna for linear polarization (LP). Both antennas operate in the same frequency range, from 2.320 to 2.345 GHz, while providing different polarizations to take advantage of the polarization diversity. Switches are used to select the mode (polarization) of operation. This ensures that appropriate dc bias is supplied to the operating LNA to process the received signal while no power is consumed by the idle LNA. The measured gains of the antenna system are 31.3 and 21.9 dBi for the CP and LP modes, respectively.