Community Preferences Research Articles

Rhizosphere bacterial communities of three minor grain crops exhibit distinct environmental adaptations and assembly processes

AbstractDeciphering responses of bacterial communities to environmental change, and understanding how communities assemble in response to environmental change, are important subjects. The assembly processes governing the rhizosphere bacterial communities of minor grain crops are rarely explored based on regional scales, especially in terms of the environmental adaptation. Here, we investigated the environmental thresholds and phylogenetic signals for ecological preferences of rhizosphere bacterial communities of three minor grain crop taxa across complex environmental gradients to reflect their environmental adaptation. Additionally, we reported environmental factors affecting their community assembly processes based on a large‐scale soil survey in agricultural fields across northern China using high‐throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated a narrower range of environmental thresholds and weaker phylogenetic signals for the ecological traits of rhizosphere bacteria in proso millet than in foxtail millet and sorghum fields. The proso millet rhizosphere community was the most phylogenetically clustered. Null model analysis indicated that homogeneous selection belonging to deterministic processes governed the sorghum rhizosphere community, whereas dispersal limitation belonging to stochastic processes was the critical assembly process in the foxtail millet and proso millet. Mean annual temperature was the decisive factor for adjusting the balance between stochasticity and determinism of the foxtail millet, proso millet and sorghum rhizosphere communities. A higher temperature resulted in stochasticity in the proso millet and sorghum communities. For the foxtail millet community, the deterministic assembly increased with an increase in temperature. These results contribute to the understanding of rhizosphere‐associated bacterial community assembly processes in agro‐ecosystems on a large scale.Highlights Proso millet rhizosphere bacterial taxa exhibited weaker environmental adaptation than foxtail millet and sorghum taxa. Determinism governed the sorghum rhizosphere community, whereas stochasticity was the critical assembly process in the foxtail and proso millet. Mean annual temperature mediated balance between stochastic and deterministic processes.

Fat Grafting Practices and Preferences, Are We Any Closer to a Standardized Approach? A Survey Providing Insights on Current Trends in Small and Large Fat Grafting

INTRODUCTION: Fat grafting has revolutionized plastic surgery practices since Coleman brought it to the frontline in 1995, and it is now used in a variety of areas ranging from breast reconstruction to regenerative medicine. However, due to a lack of evidence-based studies, multicenter, prospective, and/or randomized trials, we still don’t recognize which variables influence fat grafting’s positive clinical outcomes. METHODS: Following International Society of Plastic Regenerative Surgeons (ISPRES) Board approval, a 30-item questionnaire online survey was designed for distribution to a randomized cohort of ISPRES members) from 2nd July to 16th July 2021, participation in the survey was voluntary and participants could exit the survey without submitting their responses at any time. No participant compensation was provided. The questionnaire was designed to delineate in addition to demographic information, experience, practices, and beliefs among surgeons with regard to the use of autologous fat for contour restoration. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 62 ISPRES members, with 93.5% of the participants having Plastic Surgery Board Certification Status. The mean age of the surveyed members was 53 (9.7). The majority of the members (69.4%) work predominantly in aesthetic plastic surgery. Experience with Large-volume Fat Grafting Donor Site Selection The most commonly used donor area selection criteria were based on the patient’s fat availability (59.7 percent). In addition, 35.5 percent said they preferred to go directly to the abdomen, and only three (4.8 percent) said the patients chose the donor area. Nevertheless, when asked which zones they prefer to remove fat, when possible, abdomen (88.7%) was the commonest site, followed by flanks (62.9 percent). Fat Grafting Harvesting Infiltration Solution, Harvesting Instrument and Technique The most common infiltration solutions used in high volume fat transfers are the 3: 1 ratio tumescent solution (41.9 percent), secondly the super wet solution (40.3 percent) and thirdly the wet solution {100-300 ml of liquid (with or without epinephrine) at each site to be treated} (14.5 percent). Most respondents chose multiple options for the preferred cannula size, tip, holes and method used for fat harvest. The most common instrument preferred for large-volume fat harvesting amongst the respondents are 3-4mm cannulas (69.5 percent). Respondents’ preference of type of cannula tip and holes for fat harvest in large-volume procedures were the three-hole standard cannulas. Handheld suction (59.7 percent) was the most preferred fat harvest method followed by vacuum machine suction (46.8 percent.) Fat Graft Processing Following fat harvest, 56.5 percent (n=35) respondents (without exclusivity) performed decantation of fat, 43.5 percent performed centrifugation. Routine addition of PRP (platelet-rich-plasma) and adipose stem cells have been reported by 12.9 percent and 9.7 percent respondents respectively. Furthermore, 13 respondents report employing additional processing steps to isolate, prepare and store adipose stem cells. Fat Injection For handheld injections (without exclusivity), respondents prefer 1-2mm cannula with 1cc syringe (58.1 percent), closely followed by 1-2mm cannula with 10cc syringe (56.4 percent). Assessment of Outcome Preoperative and postoperative picture evaluation (59.6 percent) and clinical assessment (20.9 percent) were the most commonly used for assessment of fat graft survival by respondents. Only 14.5 percent of participants use preoperative and postoperative 3D images to evaluate. Fat Transfer in Cosmetic Breast Augmentation and Application of Pre-expansion Devices for Breast Augmentation The most commonly preferred plane for fat injection in cosmetic breast augmentation were gland and subcutaneous tissue. Only 8.1 percent (n=5) respondents routinely use pre-expansion devices for breast augmentation before fat grafting. Experience with Small-volume Fat Grafting The majority (53.3 percent) of the responders performed none or less than 25 percent of the small volume fat grafts under general anesthesia. Although there are almost 29 percent of surgeons who apply general anesthesia in 50 percent or more of them, being that 8 percent of them perform almost all surgeries with general anesthesia. CONCLUSION: Evidence-based studies incorporating randomized controlled, prospective, multicenter trials are imperative to understand which variables influence positive fat grafting clinical outcomes. Our research shows preliminary findings analyzing the current practices and preferences of the ISPRES community. The respondents’ tendencies were similar to previous literature, with some exceptions, such as the technique for preparing fat and enrichment, as well as the disparity in responses in the use of cannulas. A cross-sectional survey study of a wider scope, involving national delegates and global representatives of plastic surgeons is anticipated.

Evaluating and volunteering for crowdsourced interventions: Cross-sectional data on COVID-19 safety from a University Survey.

Despite many innovative ideas generated in response to COVID-19, few studies have examined community preferences for these ideas. Our study aimed to determine university community members’ preferences for three novel ideas identified through a crowdsourcing open call at the University of North Carolina (UNC) for making campus safer in the pandemic, as compared to existing (i.e. pre-COVID-19) resources. An online survey was conducted from March 30, 2021 –May 6, 2021. Survey participants included UNC students, staff, faculty, and others. The online survey was distributed using UNC’s mass email listserv and research directory, departmental listservs, and student text groups. Collected data included participant demographics, COVID-19 prevention behaviors, preferences for finalist ideas vs. existing resources in three domains (graduate student supports, campus tours, and online learning), and interest in volunteering with finalist teams. In total 437 survey responses were received from 228 (52%) staff, 119 (27%) students, 78 (18%) faculty, and 12 (3%) others. Most participants were older than age 30 years (309; 71%), women (332, 78%), and white (363, 83.1%). Five participants (1%) were gender minorities, 66 (15%) identified as racial/ethnic minorities, and 46 (10%) had a disability. Most participants preferred the finalist idea for a virtual campus tour of UNC’s lesser-known history compared to the existing campus tour (52.2% vs. 16.0%). For graduate student supports, 41.4% of participants indicated no preference between the finalist idea and existing supports; for online learning resources, the existing resource was preferred compared to the finalist idea (41.6% vs. 30.4%). Most participants agreed that finalists’ ideas would have a positive impact on campus safety during COVID-19 (81.2%, 79.6%, and 79.2% for finalist ideas 1, 2 and 3 respectively). 61 (14.1%) participants indicated interest in volunteering with finalist teams. Together these findings contribute to the development and implementation of community-engaged crowdsourced campus safety interventions during COVID-19.

Stance and Engagement Markers in The Jakarta Post's Opinion Articles

A number of research has currently established that written texts represent interactions between writers and readers. A range of linguistic features have been identified as a contribution to the author’s projection of a stance to the material referenced by the text, and, to further extent, the strategies used to presuppose the active role of an addressee. Based on the investigation of ten (10) English written opinion articles published by The Jakarta Post, this study used a qualitative case study approach. This study attempted to address the stance and engagement markers used in the opinion-ed writers page written in English using stance and engagement theory proposed by Hyland (2005) as its framework. This model shows a comprehensive and integrated way of analyzing the means by which interaction is achieved in opinion argument and how the discoursal preferences of disciplinary communities’ construct both writers and readers. Findings show that the interaction is adequately appropriate. The use of stance markers and engagement markers is not necessarily balanced. The study found that the stance markers is used more often than the engagement markers. The writers could have been used more innovatively. The overall findings of the study have both pedagogical and future research implications.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and gender diverse and queer (LGBTQ) community members' perspectives on palliative care in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and gender diverse people, and queer people (LGBTQ people) are at increased risk of some chronic diseases and cancers. NSW Health palliative care health policy prioritises equitable access to quality care, however, little is known about community members' perspectives on palliative care. This study aimed to understand LGBTQ community views and preferences in palliative care in NSW. A community survey and follow-up interviews with LGBTQ people in NSW were conducted in mid-2020. A total of 419 people responded to the survey, with 222 completing it. Six semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with participants who volunteered for follow-up. The sample included LGBTQ people with varied levels of experience in palliative care. Thematic analysis was conducted on survey and interview data, to identify perceived barriers and enablers, and situate these factors in the socio-ecological model of health. Some perceived barriers from community members related to considering whether to be 'out' (i.e., making one's sexual orientation and gender known to services), knowledge and attitudes of staff, concern about potential substandard care or mistreatment (particularly for transgender health), decision making, biological family as a source of tension, and loneliness and isolation. Perceived enablers related to developing and distributing inclusive palliative care information, engaging with community(ies), fostering inclusive and non-discriminatory service delivery, ensuring respectful approaches to person-centred care, and staff training on and awareness building of LGBTQ needs and issues. Most of the participants who had experienced palliative care recounted positive interactions, however, we identified that LGBTQ people require better access to knowledgeable and supportive services. Palliative care information should be inclusive and services respectful and welcoming. Particular consideration should be given to how services respond to and engage with people from diverse population groups. These insights can support ongoing policy and service development activities to further enhance palliative care.

TRADISI KEMBAR MAYANG DALAM PROSES PERNIKAHAN ADAT JAWA DI KAPANEWON TEMPEL, KABUPATEN SLEMAN

The Javanese traditional wedding ceremony is still the community's preference because it includes a series of sacred processions, even though it is complicated since there are so many of them. One of these series, namely the Kembar Mayang, is considered a sign to the ancestors that a wedding ceremony is taking place. Therefore, this study focuses on Kembar Mayang research as a still-preserved culture or custom. This is a field study based on true events that was analyzed using an anthropological perspective; data was collected through observation, interviews, and literature review. This study reveals that residents in Kapanewon Tempel, Sleman, continue to consider the Kembar Mayang tradition, including its complementary series of offerings, janur, and tarub. According to the customs of the people, this tradition has become a necessity for traditional Javanese weddings, as it is believed to facilitate the process and prevent supernatural interference. Despite what might be expected, the Kembar Mayang tradition is not contrary with religion. Likewise, this practice or tradition provides numerous benefits. The people of Kapanewon Tempel, Sleman Regency agree that this ritual is not troublesome, as it has become a habit for every citizen that chooses for Javanese wedding traditions.
 
 Keywords : Customs, Kembar Mayang Traditions, Weddings, Culture

From sharing voices to making decisions: The case for centring community ownership in evaluation of health programme planning and management.

Community participation in health programme planning has gained traction in public health in recent decades. When an idea enters the mainstream, it becomes vulnerable to overuse and dilution, and public health professionals claiming "community participation" may intentionally or unintentionally prevent more meaningful participatory action. The principle of community-centred planning is seldom integrated into programme evaluation. We have previously argued that, to prevent ambiguity and abuse, a stronger and more explicit idea of community ownership is useful. Un-like "participation", "ownership" leaves little room for dilution. This perspective piece explores a framework to support evaluating community ownership in planning, by emphasising decision-making power in health planning and management as a necessary element for evaluation alongside other outcomes. After defining the concept of community ownership, we identify and discuss challenges and research gaps related to implementing community ownership in health programme planning, management, and evaluation. Such issues include considering which communities have claims to programme ownership, alternative approaches to representation and participation that support ownership, gathering community values and preferences, and incorporating them into ongoing programme planning, management and evaluation. We consider methodological issues likely to arise when transitioning from gathering community voices - which is valuable but incomplete work - towards community decision making power in planning and evaluation. We use cases from recent policy and research in Chile as examples to consider through the lens of this framework. Finally, we discuss some current constraints in implementing community ownership in healthcare planning and evaluation. We encourage exploring how to practice evaluation in ways that will further our ability to be helpful professional supporters of community self-determination in finding their paths to health.

Economic science and publication activity in a paternalistic state

The increasing impact of scientometrics and formal approaches to science management distorts employee motivation, which, in turn, impedes the growth and accumulation of scientific knowledge. The paper aims to gauge public opinion on the paternalistic state activity in the field of science using the results of a sociological survey. The methodological basis includes the principles of paternalism and scientometric management. The study uses the results of the survey of the economic community held by the New Economic Association in 2022. The methods of regression analysis and factor analysis modified for multiway data were applied. Formalization and bureaucratization of science management processes are viewed within the framework of the well-known conflict between the Higher Attestation Commission and the RSCI, which created numerous barriers for researchers who prepared candidate and doctoral dissertations. To assess the attitude of experts to the current situation, it is necessary to obtain a constant sociological cross-section of opinions, if possible. Public monitoring of economic journals and the MW-analysis methodology made it possible to rank journals for the year of 2022. The compiled private and aggregate rankings contain information about the preferences of the economic community and are markedly different from the RSCI scientometric-based indicators. The paper also presents an expert assessment of the proposals for reforming the journal activity, in particular, the proposal of creating material incentives by research periodicals for scientists to prepare high-quality articles.

Foraging microhabitat preferences of invertivorous fishes within tropical macroalgal meadows: identification of canopy specialists

Invertivorous fishes are key middle-order consumers that connect energy flows across different trophic levels. However, the potential for distinct functional roles to exist within this trophic guild has not been satisfactorily explored to date, meaning that current assessments of ecosystem resilience are likely to over-estimate the level of functional redundancy within a given invertivorous fish assembly. Our study examined the foraging behaviour and microhabitat preferences of invertivorous fish communities within the productive canopy macroalgal meadows of Ningaloo Marine Park, Western Australia. Our aim was to identify foraging specialisations that could yield distinct functional roles for species belonging to the guild. We found that invertivorous fishes at this location were chiefly represented by species belonging to the Labridae, Lethrinidae and Mullidae families. Individual species demonstrated strong preferences for foraging within specific microhabitat types, suggesting that the guild can be grouped into three categories of foraging specialists: ‘canopy forager’, ‘generalist’ and ‘abiotic forager’. Our results highlight subtle niche partitioning of foraging microhabitats within the trophic guild of invertivorous fishes associated with tropical macroalgal meadows. Moreover, this partitioning is consistent across seasons, despite significant fluctuations in canopy structure and biomass. The resulting refinement of foraging specialisations allows us to identify the functional roles of invertivorous fishes and afford greater protection to individual species that might otherwise be considered functionally redundant. Our results will help to inform knowledge of the functional impact of particular species and their ecological specialisations and improve our understanding of trophic flows in marine food webs for appropriate management and conservation.

PREFERENCE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIMS INVESTMENT

PREFERENCE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIMS INVESTMENT

Perception and reaction of Nanyang Technological University (NTU) researchers to different forms of research integrity education modality

BackgroundResearch and academic institutions use various delivery channels to deliver Research Integrity (RI) education in their communities. Yet there is no consensus on the best delivery method and the effectiveness of these channels in inculcating a positive RI culture varies across institutions. Hence, this study aimed to understand the preferences of the research community in Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore.MethodsAn online survey was conducted on NTU research community to understand their experience with, and preference for each RI education mode offered in NTU. The RI education modes surveyed in the general ranking question are Data Management Plan (DMP) workshops, Epigeum e-Learning, Compass e-newsletter (email), and NTU policy on Research Integrity and Responsible Conduct of Research. There were 242 responses, comprising 50% research students, 32.2% research staff and 17.8% faculty members. Non-parametric statistical techniques were used to analyse preferences across different RI education modes and within sub-groups (i.e., fields, age, native language, roles in research community).ResultsMore than 92% of respondents subscribed to the importance of RI education, but with different preferences for education modes. With respect to RI education in NTU, Compass e-newsletters were ranked the lowest (p < 0.05). Most felt that they were too wordy and unengaging, making it difficult to absorb information. Similarly, Epigeum e-Learning (p < 0.05) and ‘policy’ (p < 0.05) were found to be too lengthy in presentation. The compulsory NTU RI education modes (Epigeum e-learning and ‘policy’) enjoyed higher participation rates of 70–80% compared with 32–37% for the self-regulated modes (DMP workshop and e-newsletter). This suggests that regulatory mechanisms are still necessary to promote participation in RI education, and thus, core RI education content should be made compulsory in research/academic institutions. Although Epigeum is a compulsory course, some may not have participated in the programme due to technical issues or they might have forgotten to participate in the programme within the permissible timeframe. For all four RI education modes in NTU, the lack of awareness was among the top cited reasons for not participating.ConclusionsMost NTU researchers perceived RI education positively although they may have reservations for some approaches. Conversely, e-Learning is favored over all the other modes except for the mode of Policy. Findings from this study are useful for improving the design of RI education strategies to be more appealing to the research community by enhancing user experience in terms of user-friendliness, relevance to specialisation, providing concise information and better presentation of materials For institutions with similar modes of RI education as NTU, these results may be relevant in improving participation rates and presentation of RI education modes, such as the use of infographics and more concise information.

Public Preferences and Willingness to Pay for a COVID-19 Vaccine in Iran: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background and objectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major international threat and vaccination is the most robust strategy to terminate this crisis. It is helpful for policymakers to be aware of community preferences about vaccines. The present study aims to investigate the public’s preferences and willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine in Iran.MethodsThis research is a cross-sectional study performed using a discrete choice experiment for a sample of the public population of several provinces of Iran in 2021. The samples were divided into two groups: one group expressed their preferences regarding the vaccine’s attributes, and another group expressed their preferences regarding prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine. The discrete choice experiment design included five attributes including effectiveness, risk of severe complications, price, location of vaccine production, and duration of protection related to preferences for vaccine selection and six attributes including age, underlying diseases, employment in the healthcare sector, the rate of virus spread, the necessary job, and cost to the community related to preferences for prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine. A total of 715 individuals completed the questionnaire. The conditional logit regression model was used to analyze the discrete choice experiment data. Willingness to pay for each attribute was also calculated.ResultsThe willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine with 90% (70%) efficacy, the risk of severe complications for 1 (5) person per one million people, imported (domestic) vaccine, and 24-month (12-month) duration of protection attributes was about US$71 (US$37). The preference for vaccination for respondents was enhanced by increasing the efficacy and the duration of vaccine protection and decreasing complications and costs. The likelihood of prioritizing individuals to get a vaccination was increased for a person with an underlying disease, employment in the healthcare sector, the necessary job for the community, the high potential for virus spread in the community, and the high cost of death to the community. The age variable was not statistically significant for prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine.ConclusionsIn the setting of the COVID-19 vaccination program, the public’s preferences identified in this study should be considered. The obtained results provide useful information for policymakers to identify individual and social values for an appropriate vaccination strategy.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41669-022-00359-x.

Relational values of forests: Value‐conflicts between local communities and external programmes in Sulawesi

Abstract Studies found that rapid decline of biodiversity and ecosystems globally have adversely affected an estimated 1.6 billion rural people whose livelihoods both directly and indirectly depend on forests. To halt the loss of forests and other natural ecosystems that simultaneously support rural livelihoods, various external programmes have been developed and applied, including market‐based and rights‐based approaches. However, rapid biodiversity and ecosystem decline continues, and better incentives or more secure rights have not always led to local community participation and improved livelihoods. This suggests the need to better explain local communities' motivations in nature stewardship. We conducted a study of local communities in two villages in Sulawesi who voluntarily maintain forests but showed resistance to participation in formal Social Forestry programmes. The study aimed to identify motivations and underlying reasons of community preferences, guided by two research questions: (i) how did local people value forest landscapes? and (ii) how did those values interact with externally driven Social Forestry programmes? We applied the Relational Values concept to understand a community's relations with the forest (or its elements) and land and identified points of value divergence. Data collection involved in‐depth semi‐structured interviews, focus group discussions framed by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, participant observation and land use/land cover change analysis. Our findings show that people value their forests in relation to their identity, ancestral heritage, sense of place and spiritual values. We also identified the points of value divergence and their underlying reasons of resistance towards externally driven forestry programmes. This study thus contributes to the broader conceptualisation of values in conservation and community participation by providing empirical evidence on the importance of the Relational Values framework in understanding the motivation and behaviour of nature stewardship and in the evaluation of value conflicts. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Analysis of Outdoor Activity Space-Use Preferences in Rural Communities: An Example from Puxiu and Yuanyi Village in Shanghai

The creation of outdoor activity spaces in rural communities is an important indicator to enhance the happiness of villagers and an important means to promote rural revitalization through improving the living environment. However, the urbanization trend of spatial forms has caused problems in the construction of many new rural activity spaces, such as the homogenized design and the lack of attention to the real demands of local residents. In order to understand urban-rural differences as well as inter-rural difference of outdoor activity space preferences in today’s China, so as to optimize the planning and design of public space optimization in rural communities, this study took Puxiu and Yuanyi Village in the suburbs of Shanghai as examples, executed field questionnaire surveys to ascertain villagers’ general preferences for outdoor spaces as well as their personal diversities. The results suggested that urban-rural differences were generally reflected in the practicability, economy, rurality, and diversity of the spaces, and it was found that there are significant relationships between residents’ preferences and their personal attributes, such as gender, age, and occupation. Moreover, the essentials for optimizing community activity space design that reflect urban-rural differences as well as the characteristics of different types of villages were also discussed.

Malay's perception of Islamic banking credibility

This study aims to analyze the perceptions and preferences of the Malay community towards Islamic banking and examine the opportunities and challenges of Islamic banking in maintaining its credibility. This research method is carried out with a quantitative descriptive approach through a survey of 100 respondents. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling through the distribution of google forms. The study results indicate that the development of the number of customers of Islamic banks has indeed increased. However, compared to conventional banks, it still dominates the number of customers who save in conventional banks even though the Malay community, which is predominantly Muslim, should be the dominant interest in Islamic banks. There are various perceptions of the Malay community towards Islamic banking. Some Malay people think that Islamic banks are stated in a profit-sharing manner the same as conventional banks, with the term interest only differing in mentioning term. Due to the lack of promotion, many Malay people still use conventional banks for economic transactions. Human resources management influences the perception of the Malay community towards Islamic banking.

On the use of contingent valuation method to assess factors affecting the contribution of local people for the management of water hyacinth in Lake Tana, northwestern Ethiopia.

The colonization of freshwater lakes by invasive alien species is increasingly alarming primarily owing to nutrient loads from the watersheds. For the sustainable management of invasive weeds, preventive methods, such as watershed management and sustainable agricultural practices, are recommended. Watershed protection activities by the upstream local community are believed to be effective measures to reduce nutrient loading to the receiving water bodies and hence help prevent the spread of water hyacinth. However, their willingness and potential contributions determine the effectiveness of watershed management activities. The objective of this study is, therefore, to evaluate the preferences and contributions (willingness to pay and willingness to contribute labor) of the local community for the management of water hyacinth in Lake Tana (Ethiopia). A contingent valuation method for a hypothetical market "prevention of water hyacinth infestation of Lake Tana through watershed management program" was used to collect data from 560 randomly selected households. A multivariable interval regression model was used to identify factors affecting the contribution of local people. The mean yearly willingness to pay and to contribute labor of the respondents was 435.4 Ethiopian Birr (US$ 10) and 22.4 man-days, respectively. The place of residence (rural/urban), educational level, private farm plot area, annual income, and water hyacinth-related conference participation significantly influenced the willingness to pay. Similarly, the willingness to contribute labor was strongly associated with place of residence, location, educational level, and household family size. The economic value derived from this study reflects community preferences, which could be an input for informed and evidence-based decision-making regarding the prevention of weed expansion and sustainable use of ecosystem services. Therefore, local, regional, and national authorities are advised to mobilize the local community to contribute labor and/or money so as to halt the expansion of the weed.

Cluster analysis reveals latent structure in stakeholder interests relevant to the management of Blueskin Bay estuary, Otago, Aotearoa New Zealand

ABSTRACT Community participation is increasingly embedded into environmental policy with the aim of accelerating transformative change towards sustainable management. A common approach to engaging with communities is through key stakeholders, who are still often selected ad hoc based on their activities. We tested an analytical approach for identifying distinct groups of community preferences as part of a case study to develop a community-led management plan for Blueskin Bay estuary and its catchment. We interviewed 36 community members to elicit their preferences for predefined management objectives following a standardised protocol. Using an agglomerative hierarchical analysis, we determined value-preference clusters for high-level management objectives and more specific objectives. At both levels combined, preference clusters were attributed to some of the commercial interests, such as cockle harvesting, forestry or tourism, which we also identified ad hoc based on their activities in the Blueskin Bay area. However, in addition, cluster analyses revealed five additional preference types: Urban Development Advocates, Cultural Environmentalists, Economic Environmentalists, Integrative Thinkers and those with Diverse Interests. We conclude that cluster analysis more objectively and specifically maps community preferences and, consequently, increases the robustness of collaborative environmental management processes, such as the one underway for Blueskin Bay estuary.

Long-acting injectable cabotegravir: implementation science needed to advance this additional HIV prevention choice.

Long-acting injectable cabotegravir: implementation science needed to advance this additional HIV prevention choice.

Pedagogical System of Incentives in Parental labor

The article actualizes labor management in the context of considering the pedagogical system of stimulating parental labor. The author draws attention to the ways of correcting existing relationships in the family, forms, methods and means of raising children at the present time. The sources cited in this article reflect the current point of view on the problem under study. It is important in the article to consider the works of psychologists, in which models and styles of parental behavior, types of relationships, the formation of the foundations of parental behavior, psychological attitudes to parental work and pedagogical positions of parents were studied. The author claims that labor management is carried out with the help of economic, administrative-managerial and socio-psychological methods. The paper also proves the potential for widespread use by educational organizations of socio-psychological methods, in particular methods of support and encouragement. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the pedagogical systems of stimulating parental labor available in theoretical and practical terms, as well as evaluating their activities. Methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of the theory of human resources with the use of activity, humanistic and culturological approaches and management methods: incentives (economic, administrative, managerial and socio-psychological). In conclusion, it is concluded that the use of methods of stimulating parental labor in the educational environment currently remains poorly understood, the development of a system of stimulating parental labor should be carried out taking into account the preferences of the parent community.

Assessing the Impact of Community Factors on Acute Care Nurses' Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention.

Community factors may affect nurses' job behavior and decision making. There is a gap in the literature regarding the impact of community satisfaction, family ties, and community preferences on acute care nurses' turnover intention and job satisfaction. Furthermore, no studies have examined the differences in community satisfaction, community preferences, and family ties among nurses working in rural and urban settings. To identify the impact of family ties, community satisfaction, and community preferences on turnover intention and job satisfaction among acute care nurses working in Ontario's urban and rural areas. Descriptive correlational survey design was used in this study. A targeted stratified sampling technique was used to recruit acute care nurses working in Ontario's urban and rural areas (N = 349) between May 2019 and July 2019. Dillman's approach was used to guide data collection. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. A significant association was found between working settings and community preferences. A statistically significant positive relationship between community satisfaction and nurses' job satisfaction was identified. Furthermore, community satisfaction had a negative impact on turnover intention. Neither community preference nor family ties were significantly associated with turnover intention or job satisfaction. The study suggests that community satisfaction can influence important nurse work-related outcomes. Future studies should replicate and validate these results in different contexts and cultures. Retaining nurses may be difficult if they are not satisfied with their communities.