Community Policing Strategy Research Articles

Implementing community policing practices to manage conflict resolution in Galeshewe, South Africa

Community policing has emerged as a vital instrument for combatting crime and enhancing public safety in South Africa. As a result, it has the capacity to go beyond traditional law enforcement functions as a mediator in disputes, fostering improved relationships between the police and the communities where they work. This paper analyses the implementation of community policing strategies by the South African police with the purpose of resolving conflicts. This study aims to address social crime prevention-related concerns through community policing methods in the Galeshewe police area within the Francis Baard policing regions of the Sol Plaatje Municipality, South Africa. The paper examines the tactics that community police employ to enforce the law, avoid social issues, and manage conflict resolution in the communities. A qualitative method and descriptive design were employed. Comprehensive document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and observations were employed as data collection strategies. An inductive reasoning model was used to analysis data. The findings of the study demonstrated that community policing plays an important role in optimizing problem mapping and it increases public knowledge of the importance of upholding security and order in the different police operations that support the community policing program.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Community Policing Strategies in Reducing Gender-Based Violence in Simanjiro District, Tanzania

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Community Policing Strategies in Reducing Gender-Based Violence in Simanjiro District, Tanzania

Exploring the scale and scope of community policing in North-Western Ghana

Global urban population growth appears to challenge governments’ ability to ensure access to essential urban services, such as policing. This situation is impeding the achievement of SDG target 11.1. However, citizens’ role in co-producing safe and secure neighbourhoods has been instrumental in augmenting limited governments’ efforts in the provision of adequate security. Acknowledging the relevance of co-producing community policing (CP) outcomes in neighbourhood crime management, this study critically examines the awareness, knowledge, understanding, and effectiveness of community policing strategies in North-Western Ghana. In a mixed methods research design, the study revealed a low level of awareness of community policing strategies in North-Western Ghana, which constrains the efforts to initiate and benefit from the outcomes of co-producing community policing. Consequently, knowledge, understanding, and effectiveness of community policing strategies appear very limited and, therefore, draw back the desire for inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities as detailed in SDG 11. Restoring community watch committees and enkindling effective co-production of community policing outcomes are critical parts to the global crime management strategies.

Community Policing Philosophy

A sociological understanding of crime can adequately respond to criminal challenges through practical engagement with society. Community policing is a proactive strategy that uses problem-solving methods and strategic partnerships to solve problems related to public safety, including crime and social disturbance. The core of this policing system is a flexible organizational structure and decentralized power, in which the officer decides how best to preserve security and order in line with local needs. Decentralized administration at both the command and decision-making levels has been used as an approach to promote the effectiveness of community policy. Consequently, police officers could independently interact with communities, identifying problems and developing feasible solutions. However, this idea has variations, particularly in the debate on how community policy can construct a social system to create better strategies against criminal acts. It is essential to analyze the sociological perspective to understand the main objective of the community-oriented policing strategy. Mainly, a theory that focuses on reducing crime and crime fear enhances the conditions of life for law enforcement personnel and members of society. Hence, this article analyses each strategy component using pertinent and specific sociological theories and criminological concepts, highlighting the significant contribution of sociologists in shaping the community policing strategy. Therefore, based on sociological perspectives, this article argues that community policy can create an inclusive social system within social actors’ collaboration. Keywords: community-oriented, crime, neighborhood, sociological perspective, partnerships

The Nexus of Climate Change and Policing: Guidelines to Improve Climate Change Governance

Abstract: Climate change has far-reaching ramifications for society, and its consequences cross conventional boundaries and affect many facets of life. While climate change's environmental, economic, social, and health consequences have received considerable attention, an important but frequently overlooked aspect of dealing with this crisis is its intersection with public safety and security and how law enforcement must be prepared to deal with climate breakdown. Climate change impacts and other natural catastrophes create complicated problems for governments in implementing appropriate police governance, notably regarding disaster risk reduction and management. Rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, catastrophic weather events, and sea-level rise are just a few of the global crisis manifestations causing havoc in these areas. Climate change has repercussions across society, affecting millions and jeopardizing their livelihoods. Drought, desertification, land degradation, water shortages, and food insecurity are some of the effects that are becoming increasingly prevalent with the rise in global temperatures. Climate change is viewed as a risk multiplier because it exacerbates many criminal and illicit activities. For example, human trafficking has several links to climate change. Furthermore, the disruption of migration patterns due to climate change is a particular concern, introducing an additional layer of complexity for law enforcement. The urgent necessity for comprehensive and context-specific solutions to improve law enforcement institutions' resilience and adaptive capabilities, particularly in developing courtiers, is emphasized. Law enforcement measures must be enhanced, as well as the formulation of community policing strategies and the promotion of inter and intra-service collaboration. This is not a hypothetical issue; it is a live reality that demands immediate attention, novel solutions, and cross-sector collaboration.

Making community policing work: A panacea to crimes and rural conflicts in Nigeria

Abstract In Nigeria, several community development initiatives abound either through the government or donor agencies. Despite all these efforts, little concern has been placed on the security of rural dwellers. This has enabled incessant conflicts in rural communities, leading to the loss of lives and an overall negative effect on food production. This chapter employed different conflict and mediation theories to explain the causes, drivers, and ways to resolve the conflicts. Materials were sourced from top-tier databases, including reports and publications from the International Association of Chiefs of Police, the African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum, and other reliable sources. It found that conflicts in rural communities have resulted in the destruction of lives and livelihood assets, a reduction in crop yield and income, an increase in fear and ethno-religious stereotypes, food shortages and rape. It identified a partial implementation of community policing strategy but noted the centralization of power to the Nigerian Police Force as an impediment to its effectiveness. Worthy approaches to ensuring the effectiveness of community policing strategy as a panacea to crimes and rural conflicts are: constitutional redress; developing programs and needed resources; training and re-training of officers and partners; planning an effective strategy using civilian volunteers; aligning performance measures of officers and partners; demonstrating leadership and taking risks; and making changes to the organization of departments under the community policing structure. However, it recommends operational community policing that incorporates all actors in the states and local governments with reliable legal frameworks for securing the farm and rural farming communities in Nigeria.

Influence of Community Policing Strategy on Service Delivery in National Police Service in Nairobi County, Kenya

Influence of Community Policing Strategy on Service Delivery in National Police Service in Nairobi County, Kenya

Beat Policing in Bangladesh: A Conceptual Framework

Beat policing is a community policing strategy designed to make an individual police officer responsible for the community’s policing needs in a defined geographical area or the beat. It is a philosophy and management approach that seeks the community involvement in the policing system. Community policing as one of the most widely adopted police strategy in the last several decades. Due to not getting expected result from community policing program, police professionals, community members, and policy makers are seeking an alternative model of policing that would be better for public safety and security. Because of high population and institutional limitations of police, public security has disrupted alarmingly in recent years. The beat policing is a door-to-door watching and proactive policing system which involves the beat residents with the police to work in partnership and mutual coordination. Beat officers are encouraged to take ‘leadership’ of their area and employ proactive strategies to identify the causes of crime and community problems within their beat. In addition to that information collection, one to one communication and increase surveillance by residents of their own neighborhoods are key strategies of beat policing system. It is a remarkable shift from the traditional model of policing to the beat area based model of policing. The main objective of this paper is to establish a conceptual framework of beat policing from the appropriate theoretical perspective and also the Bangladesh viewpoint.

Legal Reconstruction of the Authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in Settlement of Criminal Acts through Polmas Strategy to Realize Domestic Security Based on Restorative Justice Values

The research aims to analyze and discover the weaknesses of the regulatory authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through the community policing strategy to realize domestic security at this time and to reconstruct the authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through community policing strategies to realize domestic security based on restorative justice values using a constructivism paradigm, through direct interviews with informants empirically supported with studies literature through theoretical steps. Research Result Show that the Reconstruction of the regulatory authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving criminal acts through a community policing strategy in order to realize domestic security based on restorative justice values can be done by reconstructing Article 15 paragraph (1) letter b of Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Police of the Republic of Indonesia, Article 1 number 5, Article Article 3 paragraph (1), and Article 7 of the Regulation of the Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2021 concerning Bhayangkara Building Security and Public Order, and Article 1 number 3 of the Regulation of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2021 concerning Community Policing, which is related to the authority of Bhabinkamtibmas with a community policing strategy in resolving all forms of legal violations and other forms of disturbance that can disturb the community in a fair manner with a restorative and rehabilitative approach.

Engaging communities as partners: policing strategies in Johannesburg

PurposeThis paper aims to explore police perspectives on community engagement strategies within the context of crime prevention in South Africa, focusing on Johannesburg metropolitan police stations. The study’s objective is to scrutinise the effectiveness and challenges of community policing strategies.Design/methodology/approachThrough a qualitative research approach, this study conducted unstructured interviews with station commanders and visible policing officers across 10 Johannesburg metropolitan police stations.FindingsThe findings reveal that community policing strategies, such as community–policing forums, sector policing, street patrollers and social media utilisation, can effectively engage communities as partners in crime prevention. However, certain challenges such as resource limitations and difficulties in policing-specific regions, were also identified.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the broader understanding of community–policing partnerships and the practical implications of community–policing strategies in South Africa, suggesting areas for improvement and adaptation to the unique South African context. This knowledge can help optimise efforts to foster stronger relationships between police and communities, bolster public trust and ultimately improve crime prevention outcomes.

Public Administration of Police Accountability and Transparency

Police accountability and transparency have been long-standing concerns in public administration, as the actions of law enforcement have a significant impact on the lives of citizens. This research focuses on exploring the ways in which police accountability and transparency can be improved, particularly through the use of technology and community engagement. The study begins by examining the current landscape of police accountability and transparency, highlighting the challenges and limitations of traditional methods of oversight. This includes a discussion of the issues related to police misconduct, use of force, and biased policing. The study then turns to exploring potential solutions, including the use of body-worn cameras, data analytics, and community policing strategies. One of the key findings of the research is the importance of community engagement in improving police accountability and transparency. This involves fostering trust between law enforcement and the communities they serve, as well as providing opportunities for citizens to voice their concerns and provide feedback. The study also emphasizes the role of technology in facilitating transparency and accountability, particularly through the use of body-worn cameras and data analytics. Overall, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on police accountability and transparency in public administration. It underscores the need for innovative solutions that leverage technology and community engagement to promote greater trust and transparency between law enforcement and the public.

IMPACT OF COMMUNITY POLICING ON CRIME REDUCTION IN KADUNA CENTRAL SENATORIAL DISTRICT, NIGERIA

This study carefully examines the Effectiveness of Community Policing in Crime Reduction to the Community in Kaduna central senatorial district. Specifically the study intended to identify the community policing strategies used by the Police force to reduce crime, assessing the Impact of Community Policing in reducing Crime, identifying challenges facing Police Force in administering the Community Policing and evaluating the effectiveness of community policing on crime reduction. A case study research design was employed in which Kaduna south and Igabi Local governments were taken as a case study. The study used interview and questionnaires as data collecting tools. The study found that the main strategies used by police force to reduce crime includes; foot patrol, collaboration and community meetings, and public education programs etc. The show that, Community policing has little or no impact on reducing crimes as employed strategies have no effects in addressing the crime. Lack of training,poor implementation strategies, information gap and lack of involvement leads to unrealistic community expectations and present a challenge to the police force and the communities at large. In conclusion, the study recommends among others that community engagement should be the central focal point. Communities must participate in planning and choosing approaches as well as becoming equal owners of the process. Both the Police Force and communities need to have clearly defined roles and be given the skills and resources to carry it out. KEYWORDS: Community policing, Crime reduction.

Partisipasi Dalam Kerangka Program Pemolisian Masyarakat Menuju Masyarakat Aman: Tinjauan Naratif

The development of modernization and global dynamics basically brings a comprehensive impact on the socio-economic and cultural life of the community. In addition to being a shared goal, it also has a negative impact on society. This study uses a literature study methodology with a narrative analysis approach. The study uses data, theoretical literature, and previous studies as strengths in writing analysis. The results of the study show that technological developments have both positive and negative impacts on society, such as poverty, inequality, and other social ills. The impact was running which initially took place in urban areas, then continued in rural areas considering the trends that occurred in urban areas began to enter and develop in rural areas. On the other hand, the limitations of stakeholders (in this case the police) demand synergy with groups outside of these stakeholders, which in this case is the involvement of the community to contribute to creating stability, security and environmental order. In this regard, the community policing strategy becomes an alternative in overcoming and overcoming disturbances and threats to security and public order. The urgency and contribution of this study is that it is important to carry out community policing efforts to overcome criminal acts and even crimes in the community that can cause losses and damage in practice.

Building Trust between Police and Community to Ensure Public Safety: The Case of Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia

The primary objective of this study is to identify the critical factors playing a significant role in the implementation of community policing, partnering the police and community to work together on the safety, peace, and security of the area. Six woredas located in the West Wollega Zone of Oromiya Regional State were selected after consulting the crime statistics and performance reports of community policing. Informants enrolled in interviews and filling out the questionnaires were selected purposely. Percentiles and thematic analysis were the procedures employed to give meaning to data generated in multiple ways. The findings show that community policing strategies are not helping the inhabitants to ensure peace and safety. It further indicated that a lack of trust between the police and the communities is one of the factors impeding the implementation. The community's conception of peace and leaving all the responsibilities of ensuring law, peace, and order to the police are part of the findings. On the one hand, the residential community views the police negatively and is unlikely to share the responsibilities for the area's safety and peace. It is thus keen to build trust between the police and the community to set up a partnership on solid ground to achieve the strategic emphasis of community policing. Key Terms: Crime Prevention, Community Policing, Community, Police, Peace, Security DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/12-22-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2022

Assembling Community Policing: Peacekeeping and the Ghana Police Service’s Transformation Agenda

This article shows how peacekeeping experiences manifest in the Ghana Police Service’s (GPS) community policing strategies and practices in often inconspicuous and individualized ways. Peacekeeping constitutes an important element of what the article refers to as the community policing assemblage. However, the article emphasises that the shape of the community policing assemblage is conditioned by a wide range of discourses and practices beyond peacekeeping. Global and national policies and strategies relating to policing, including the GPS’s own transformation agenda, local and individual interpretations and translations of peacekeeping experiences and what community policing means, all play into how the assemblage is formed. Thus, the article disentangles the effects of peacekeeping and puts it in the context of broader policing in Ghana, based on in-depth interviews and observations with police officers, mainly from the GPS’s community policing headquarters in Tesano, Accra. It concludes that while several studies have shown how peacekeeping has shaped Ghana’s security institutions and sense of role in the world, it has not been able to chip away at or counteract the deep and deepening control that security institutions in the country are subjected to by politicians. Arguing that the peacekeeping experience may have a profound transformative effect on individual police officers, yet little if any impact in terms of depoliticising the GPS and policing more broadly, is a less sweeping conclusion. However, suggesting that the effects of peacekeeping often are local and individualized, at times deeply embodied experiences, is also a more accurate conclusion empirically.

Does Police Use of Twitter Align With and Enhance Community Policing Objectives? An Analysis of the New York City Police Department’s Twitter Activity

Prior research has examined how social media has been integrated into law enforcement operations; however, this research has not fully explored the potential for this technology to function as an effective community policing strategy. Through the creation of a uniquely large dataset constructed with individual “tweets,” the current study analyzed Twitter use by the New York City Police Department (NYPD) in 2016. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research identified linkages between social media and community policing, the level of adherence to community policing objectives, the potential for heterogeneity in usage across different NYPD patrol boroughs, and the degree of public engagement. Our findings suggest Twitter is inimitably positioned to contribute to each aspect of community policing, although its effectiveness varied across dimension typology. Second, heterogeneity was also observed across patrol boroughs, indicating both the objectives and application of social media varies within the agency. Lastly, engagement metrics reveal a few notable trends concerning police-community relations.

The Limits of Reallocative and Algorithmic Policing

Policing in many parts of the world—the United States in particular—has embraced an archetypal model: a conception of the police based on the tenets of individuated archetypes, such as the heroic police “warrior” or “guardian.” Such policing has in part motivated moves to (1) a reallocative model: reallocating societal resources such that the police are no longer needed in society (defunding and abolishing) because reform strategies cannot fix the way societal problems become manifest in (archetypal) policing; and (2) an algorithmic model: subsuming policing into technocratic judgements encoded in algorithms through strategies such as predictive policing (mitigating archetypal bias). This paper begins by considering the normative basis of the relationship between political community and policing. It then examines the justification of reallocative and algorithmic models in light of the relationship between political community and police. Given commitments to the depth and distribution of security—and proscriptions against dehumanizing strategies—the paper concludes that a nonideal-theory priority rule promoting respect for personhood (manifest in community and dignity-promoting policing strategies) is a necessary condition for the justification of the above models.

Community policing as a partnership between the police and the community: a european experience

The article analyzes the concepts, philosophy, principles and basic forms of Community Policing as a model of interaction between the National Police of Ukraine and the population. A historical digression of the formation of the Community Policing strategy was made and it was proved that it was based on the implementation of the basic principles of modern police of Robert Peel, modified and tested in the law enforcement agencies of democracies. It is proposed to define Community Policing in the sense of a community-based approach to policing, which recognizes that effective policing depends on community assistance and support and is based on innovative collaboration between the police and the community to jointly identify and solve problems. facing the community. It has been proved that Community Policing, as a model of interaction between the police and the population, has its own philosophy and certain organizational principles. The purpose of realization of the Community Policing model is substantiated and defined and the expected results of its introduction in Ukraine are formulated. The most promising forms of interaction between the police and the population within the model are analyzed. Community Policing operating in Ukraine. The experience of European countries on the implementation of Community Policing and the possibility of its implementation in Ukraine is studied, the main legal acts regulating the functioning of the Community Policing model in Ukraine are analyzed.

OPTIMALISASI STRATEGI POLMAS GUNA MENDUKUNG PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DALAM RANGKA TERWUJUDNYA SITUASI KAMTIBMAS YANG KONDUSIF

Many people have not implemented health protocols in carrying out their daily activities is a special phenomenon that deserves serious attention from various parties, including elements of the Police in it. This is possible considering the implementation of the main functions and duties of the Police in the field of Kamtibmas which can reach up to the smallest units in society through the implementation of the Community Policing (Polmas) strategy. Polmas through adjustments to the implementation of the main functions and duties of Bhabinkamtibmas as Community Policing Bearers (Polmas) which are oriented towards achieving increased public awareness and compliance in implementing health protocols. In this concept, the researcher conducted research using normative juridical methods. This juridical approach is because this research analyzes existing legal aspects, and is normative because this research focuses more on the analysis of existing laws and regulations and other regulations, using secondary data, namely scientific references or other scientific writings as study material that can support the completeness of this scientific work Specifically regarding adjustments to the implementation of the main functions and duties of Bhabinkamtibmas as Community Policing Carriers (Polmas) which are oriented towards achieving increased public awareness and compliance in implementing health protocols, the implementation is carried out with the support and involvement of the Police and Community Partnership Forum (FKPM).

Police, Policing, and the Community: Community Policing in Theory and Practice in Gulu, Uganda

In 2017 the Uganda Police Force (UPF) issued a Strategy for Community Policing (COP). The aim of the strategy is to provide a framework for the operationalisation of COP in the country. COP in Uganda is viewed both as a philosophy and an organisational strategy aiming at promoting new partnerships between the police and the community. This research examines how the UPF applies the COP strategy in Gulu Uganda to create new partnerships between the police and the community as part of the preparation for transforming Gulu into a city in Uganda. Anchored in qualitative research conducted in 2018–2019 in Gulu municipality, we examined COP in theory and practice. We fleshed out the different COP interventions installed by the police, observed how these applications of COP are perceived by the community and local leadership, and evaluated the extent to which these applications and perceptions contribute to creating new partnerships between the police and the public, as well as how these constitute an operationalisation of the UPF strategy for COP. There are several interventions labelled as COP in Gulu, including joint patrols, Mayumba Kumi, sensitisation activities, and partnerships with NGOs. Most of these applications are ‘old wine in new bottles’ and do not qualify as attempts to create new partnerships between the police and the public. In linkage to the mode of governance exercised by the Government of Uganda, the data collected indicates that the public at large still views the police as a corrupt, unpredictable, and a violent force that serves the interests of elites rather than a public service. As long as the police is viewed in such a way, it is difficult to create meaningful partnerships between the police and the public, and subsequently it becomes difficult to successfully apply the UPF COP strategy.