Community-based Social Movements Research Articles

Gender violence: marketplace violence and symbolic violence in social movements

ABSTRACT Drawing on a retrospective case study involving LGBTQ populations and the tobacco industry, we demonstrate how a duplicitous stance by Big Tobacco illuminates the ways that symbolic violence is perpetrated on consumers. We define marketplace violence as the actions and narratives of powerful market actors that perpetuate inequalities that less powerful market actors experience. This research delineates how marketplace relationships perpetuate gender and sexual orientation discrimination, and how powerful market actors engage in invidious action under the guise of community support, thereby undermining community-based social movements.

Capital, the State, and Environmental Pollution in Nigeria

This research discusses the environmental pollution by the capital in the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria and identifies two historical agents that have the potential to harmonize their social power through a common language that may create a new social and political agency. We argue that the working class and the community-based social movements are necessary but not sufficient agents of transformation in the Nigerian oil-dependent capitalist economy. The cooperation between the global and local sites of resistance is an imperative: a synergy and deliberate action by the conglomerate of trade unions, community-based social movements, nongovernmental organizations, local and global activists, nurtures the potential to transform the capitalist domination, exploitation, and expropriation in Nigeria. Using secondary literature sources, we re-visit the conversation on the role of capital and the pollution of environment in Nigeria through the concept of “Movement of Movements”.

The capital, state and the production of differentiated social value in Nigeria

ABSTRACT This paper re-visits secondary literature on racial capitalism and problematises the Nigerian oil-dependent capitalist economy. The economy of oil extraction dispossesses the peasants of their land and exposes them to pollution. This Oil economy creates a contradiction by producing the agent of its transformation; the community-based social movements. The state and the capital respond to these contradictions by instrumentalizing differences to prevent communal solidarity. Consequently, the indigenous people are racialised as a minority people and within the oil-producing region as sub-ethnic communities. The absence of communal solidarity promotes unmitigated environmental disaster, state hegemony and high returns for the capital; local and global in Nigeria.

Preparing Teachers as Democratic Professionals

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the concept of democratic professionalism and argues that it offers a way to frame teacher education so that it can contribute to more productively managing long standing tensions between public schools, minoritized communities, and teacher preparation programs, and to more closely realizing the democratic potential of public education and teacher education. This decolonial approach to teacher education that actively attempts to benefit from the expertise in local minoritized communities seeks to “disrupt” existing power and knowledge hierarchies and create the basis for new alliances between teachers, teacher unions, teacher educators, and community-based social movements in marginalized communities that are seeking an active role in transforming their own communities. The result is a new hybrid structure for teacher education programs that models the emancipatory vision that is often articulated by programs but not practiced.

Social Movement of Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (Bos) Foundation Based On Communities In Orangutan Safety In Central Kalimantan

The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) Foundation is an Indonesian non-profit organization dedicated to the conservation of the Bornean Orangutan and its habitat. The BOS Foundation is the largest reintroduction program in the world. This study aims firstly to describe the process of community-based social movements conducted by the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) Foundation and secondly to describe the type and motive of social movement actors that give awareness of the importance of orangutan conservation. This research type is descriptive research. This study aims to describe the phenomenon in addressing Central Kalimantan Orangutan. The approach used is case study. The results of this study indicate that the emergence of BOS movement is caused by an endangered orangutan population. The destruction of forests has resulted in this endangered orangutan population, the loss of biodiversity, as well as rising greenhouse gas emissions that could trigger global warming. In addition to the impact of forest fires in 1997, the ex-PLG Million Ha area also caused a decrease in the Orangutan population. Therefore, BOS is present to make efforts to save the Orangutan

Social Movement of Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (Bos) Foundation Based On Communities In Orangutan Safety In Central Kalimantan

The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) Foundation is an Indonesian non-profit organization dedicated to the conservation of the Bornean Orangutan and its habitat. The BOS Foundation is the largest reintroduction program in the world. This study aims firstly to describe the process of community-based social movements conducted by the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) Foundation and secondly to describe the type and motive of social movement actors that give awareness of the importance of orangutan conservation. This research type is descriptive research. This study aims to describe the phenomenon in addressing Central Kalimantan Orangutan. The approach used is case study. The results of this study indicate that the emergence of BOS movement is caused by an endangered orangutan population. The destruction of forests has resulted in this endangered orangutan population, the loss of biodiversity, as well as rising greenhouse gas emissions that could trigger global warming. In addition to the impact of forest fires in 1997, the ex-PLG Million Ha area also caused a decrease in the Orangutan population. Therefore, BOS is present to make efforts to save the Orangutan

Legal Aid's Once and Future Role for Impacting the Criminalization of Poverty and the War on the Poor

Recent media coverage and advocacy efforts on behalf of individuals subjected to criminal sanctions as a result of their poverty status has resulted in increased attention on this nation’s troubled history of oppression and control of the poor and people of color. At the federal, state, and local levels, a growing number of policies create criminal sanctions for poverty-related circumstances. These, in turn, result in collateral consequences that unfairly affect those who lack the means to afford their criminal justice experience (i.e., processing costs, fees, and fines), or affect their ability to access employment, housing, or other basic services. These policies also disproportionately affect people of color, and the origins of many of these policies share a twisted history in decades of racial oppression and discrimination. In many respects, these criminal sanctions and collateral consequences lay on the surface of deep-seated social and economic ills that have been neglected, festering over decades and breaking out now in events over the past two years from Ferguson to Baltimore. Challenging these entrenched social and economic inequities will be necessary in order to produce real change for communities struggling against the criminalization of poverty. Legal challenges must be coordinated with community-based social movements emerging in these communities in order to confront the barriers to opportunity and structures that perpetuate inequities. Legal Aid programs have a historical grounding in this type of community-based impact advocacy work and are uniquely positioned to work together with community groups to bring about meaningful change.

Cultural Politics and Resistance in the 21st Century: Community-Based Social Movements and Global Change in the Americas

Local Communities and Global Resistance: Social Change and Autonomy Struggles in the Americas K.Dellacioppa PART I: CULTURAL RESISTANCE AND IDENTITY New Political Actors in Rural Mexico: The Challenges and Achievements of Indigeneosu and Peasant Women A.H.Castillo & G. E.Damian The Rebel Girls of the Other Campaign: The EZLN and Teenage Activism in Mexico City J.Taft Zapatismo and Community-Based Social Change: Toward a Feminist Global Praxis? M.Govea La Otra Educacion: Hip Hop, Zapatismo, and Popular Education O.Marquez PART II: POLITICAL RESISTANCE AND IDENTITY Maiz y Pais: Indigenous Mexican Struggles against Biotechnology in Agriculture J.Rogers Generating Hope, Creating Change, Searching for Community: Stories of Resistance against Globalization at the U.S.-Mexico Border M.Tellez The Nonprofit Industrial Complex: Struggling for Social Movement Autonomy in a Global Port City C.Weber Present in the World Economy: The Coalition of Immokalee Workers (2006-2009) A.Drainville Global Movements? Local Movements? C.Weber

Multiple forest activities, multiple purpose organizations: Organizing for complexity in a grassroots movement in Guatemala’s Petén

Forest community-based social movements are today assuming increasingly important roles in environmental governance in the world’s forests. As these “forest community stewards” promote local resource access and management, their organizations often take on greater internal complexity. This paper draws on the experience of the Association of Forest Communities of Petén (ACOFOP), Guatemala and the community-based concessions it serves to examine interactions among multiple forest activities, participants, interests and objectives in increasingly complex community-based organizations. Interntal interactions and tensions among multiple activities inevitably arise as these organizations seek to maintain their responsiveness and legitimacy amid rapidly changing social, political and environmental contexts. This paper suggests that rather than seek to eliminate tensions emerging from increased internal diversity and complexity, grassroots forest organizations should confront and manage these tensions to ensure continued viability while responding appropriately to moments of “structural choice”. Seeing these community-based forest organizations as social movement processes managed over time by their participants rather than as sets of static principles best designed a priori allows more accurate analysis of the complex factors that shape success or failure, and of how appropriate external support may be provided.

Reconstituting Community: Moral Economy and Community-Based Social Movements in Industrial Nations

Reconstituting Community: Moral Economy and Community-Based Social Movements in Industrial Nations