Community Of Practice Framework Research Articles

Planning and evaluating chemistry outreach: a case study of one collegiate group's approach

Chemistry outreach, a type of informal science education commonly practiced by college students, has primarily been studied by looking at individuals' approaches and perspectives. However, it is much more common for college students to plan and conduct chemistry outreach events as part of a group/club/chapter, not independently. In this case study, we looked at the planning and evaluation processes for a single student group conducting a chemistry outreach event. Using pre- and post-outreach event focus groups, we sought to understand how the group was structured and how they collectively planned and implemented their outreach event. Using the Framework for Effective Chemistry Communication and Communities of Practice, we identified the steps the group took to plan, implement, and evaluate their event, as well as the group's structure and member dynamics. Findings showed a misalignment between goals used to plan the outreach event, and those evaluated when reflecting on the event's success. Additionally, the Communities of Practice framework was able to highlight the membership structure underlying the group's planning process, as well as areas for growth and improvement. Overall, findings provide further support that collegiate chemistry organizations/student groups need more resources and training to successfully conduct chemistry outreach.

A65Development and Impact of a Simulation Community of Practice across Nursing and Allied Health Professions in a Higher Education Institution

The Nursing and Allied Health Professions (AHP) Departments of one of the largest providers of health and social care education in the UK, have implemented simulated practice-based learning placements across a range of their pre-registration healthcare courses. These simulated placements aim to improve students’ preparedness to practice, enhance the student experience and increase placement capacity. The simulation leads from each department identified that there was no cross-department collaboration around these new innovations. They developed and introduced a Simulation Community of Practice (CoP) across the three nursing fields and eight AHP professions. The aims were to share knowledge and best practice, enhance skills, creation of new knowledge and improve practice. A CoP is defined as a ‘group of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic, and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis’ [1]. The development of the CoP was led by the nursing and AHP simulation leads and was based on Wenger’s (2002) CoP framework [1]. Support was gained from senior management to ensure commitment and resources. Terms of reference for the group were developed with clear aims and objectives. Relevant staff across all professions were identified and invited to join. Meetings occur every two months for a duration of two hours, initially online and more recently face to face or hybrid format. Agenda items include sharing and reflections of practice, challenges and solutions; demonstrations of simulated scenarios, online learning packages and virtual reality. Guest speakers are invited to share simulation expertise and research. A Teams site is used to house information, share new developments and opportunities and to allow staff to ask questions and maintain communication between meetings. Staff have gained valuable professional development by learning from others, sharing designs and experiences of simulated placements and learning about best practice. They have enjoyed networking and connecting with others from different professions. They have valued seeing examples of simulated scenarios and innovations and having dedicated time to reflect and discuss innovations and research opportunities. They have found it a supportive environment and a creative space. 100% of staff involved would recommend the CoP to others. The successful introduction of a multidisciplinary Simulation CoP has enabled collaboration and development of knowledge and skills around simulated practice-based learning, including the underpinning pedagogies of simulation design and debriefing. Authors confirm that all relevant ethical standards for research conduct and dissemination have been met. The submitting author confirms that relevant ethical approval was granted, if applicable.

Evolution of a Continuing Professional Development Program Based on a Community of Practice Model for Health Care Professionals in Resource-Limited Settings.

The Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) Network supports a network of independent nongovernmental organizations providing health care for children and families in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Using a community of practice (CoP) framework, a continuing professional development (CPD) program was created for health professionals to enhance knowledge and exchange best practices. An online learning platform (Moodle), videoconferencing (Zoom), instant messaging systems (Whatsapp), and email listserv facilitated learning and interaction between program participants. Target participants initially included pharmacy staff and expanded to include other health professionals. Learning modules included asynchronous assignments and review of materials, live discussion sessions, and module pretests and posttests. Evaluation included participants' activities, changes in knowledge, and assignment completion. Participants provided feedback on program quality via surveys and interviews. Five of 11 participants in Year 1 earned a certificate of completion, and 17 of 45 participants earned a certificate in Year 2. Most modules showed an increase in module pretest and posttest scores. Ninety-seven percent of participants indicated that the relevance and usefulness of modules were good or outstanding. Ongoing evaluation indicated changes in Year 2 for program improvement, and notable outcomes indicated how CoP added value in developing a true community. Using a CoP framework allowed participants to improve their personal knowledge and become part of a learning community and network of interdisciplinary health care professionals. Lessons learned included expanding program evaluation to capture potential value creation of the community of practice in addition to individual-level development; providing briefer, more focused programs to better serve busy working professionals; and optimizing use of technological platforms to improve participant engagement.

From ‘quarantini party’ to academic impact: An early childhood visual arts special interest group becomes a community of practice

ABSTRACT The Community of Practice (CoP) framework has been successfully utilised in a number of sectors to underpin meaningful collaborations. However, to date, the application of CoP in early childhood education (ECE) has been limited, with no studies having explored the unique intersection of early childhood and visual arts CoP. A qualitative case study was conducted with nine geographically dispersed visual arts ECE academics and practitioners who formed an early childhood visual arts special interest group (SIG) to facilitate social and professional connection in response to COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020. The research collected and thematically analysed, questionnaire and focus group data to investigate how the practice of the virtual, international, ECE visual arts SIG aligned with CoP framework elements. Overall, the practices and experiences of the SIG were well aligned with the CoP framework, particularly in relation to the Domain and Practice elements. In addition, the model of an online, international CoP described in this study proposes that virtual CoP opportunities that foster strong relational connections alongside professional networking sustains the activity of the CoP to offer participants not only rich opportunities for professional learning and collaboration with like-minded colleagues, but also offers a platform for significant research translation and impact.

The Other Side of the Coin: An Analysis by Turkish Public Relations Professionals on the Qualifications of Public Relations Academics and Curricula

This study aims to investigate the opinions and perceptions of senior Turkish public relations practitioners on the knowledge, skills, competencies, and personal attributes of public relations academics and public relations curriculums. A total of 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with public relations practitioners working in corporations or consultancies. Results show that the top knowledge areas for public relations practitioners include sociology, psychology, and communication, the most prominent skills include communication skills, IT skills, and visioning, the most important personal attributes include good image, sensitivity/humanity, and life-long learner, and the top competencies are performing and creating. Practical knowledge is as important as theoretical knowledge. Public relations professionals have respect for public relations academics, appreciate their input, but they suggest that the public relations curriculum should be improved and that the graduates should be better informed. This paper also reveals how a dialogue can be established between Turkish public relations academics and professionals. The collected data were analyzed under the guidance of Wengers’ communities of practice framework, and suggestions for forming communities of practice were proposed by taking the dimensions of events, leadership, connectivity, membership, learning projects, and artifacts into account. By providing data from Turkey, the findings of this work can help us improve industry–academia ties and subsequently contribute to the professionalization of public relations.

When There's No Handbook: One Urban Elementary School's COVID-19 Crisis Response.

Using qualitative methods and a Communities of Practice framework, we studied one urban elementary school's crisis response to COVID-19 during the emergencyremote education phase, Spring 2020.In the last two years, there has been overwhelming variety in schools' instructional modalities in our state-face-to-face, remote, hybrid-leaving Spring 2020 the first fully remote experience to study. In this study we focus on the remote learning pivot, specifically highlighting the campus' use of digital literacies and the caregiver, student, and teacher responses to the immediate, unplanned modality change. Findings are meant to assist schools in planning ahead of future crises, including ways to usedigital literacies to strengthenlearning communities.

Creative Independent Investigative Documentary Storytellers in the Streaming Age: Toward a Community of Practice Framework

ABSTRACT This study articulates the motives, craft, practice, and urgent needs of creative independent investigative documentary as a distinct field of practice that utilizes both the subjective expression of artistic cinema with the objectivity-based legacy practices of watchdog journalism. Leveraging community of practice theory, based on in-depth interviews and a two-year investigation of ten of the inaugural films supported by the International Documentary Association (IDA) Enterprise Documentary Fund award—launched in 2016 as the first contemporary institutional recognition of creative investigative documentary as a distinct sub-genre—this study demonstrates how recognizing the unique experiences of this distinct dual journalistic and artistic practice is vital in order for scholars to more widely appreciate the potentiality and significance of this journalistic practice, and to more widely engage with the unique security challenges and needs that it faces, largely overlooked in prevailing conversations in journalism today.

Creating a Robust Community of Practice as a Foundation for the Successful Development of a Pediatric Neurocritical Care Program

BackgroundThere has been a growing impetus for developing pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) programs to improve care delivery for children with critical neurological conditions. We sought to develop a unique PNCC program using the concept of Community of Practice (CoP). MethodsThis is a process improvement project in an academic Children's Hospital. Using CoP framework (domain, community, practice), we created a domain of PNCC with a stated vision and formal organizational structure, a core community of intensivists and neurologists interested in PNCC, and a standardized practice approach by establishing core competencies for PNCC and implementing practice guidelines. ResultsWe evaluated the program through the Four-Frame Model of Organizational Theory and Behavior (structural, human resource, political, symbolic) and by the Neurocritical Care Society's (NCS’s) standards for a Level I Neurocritical Care Unit (Neuro-ICU). Structural frame included opening a pediatric Neuro-ICU, identifying PNCC leaders across specialties, and developing a multidisciplinary care delivery model. Human resource frame included forming physician and nurse groups with a primary role in PNCC and ongoing education through workshops, lecture series, and certification. Politically, program implementation was tailored to each department gaining institution-wide support for program initiatives. Symbolically, the PNCC program highlighted the vision to advance knowledge and best practices. Our program met 232 of 252 (92%) proposed NCS standards. ConclusionsThe CoP as the foundation for program development has enabled us to achieve the majority of standards proposed by NCS for a Level I Neuro-ICU. The generalizability of these frameworks may facilitate the development of a PNCC program for other institutions.

Participation and learning in prek teacher workgroups: a communities of practice analysis of mathematics-focused professional development

ABSTRACT Professional collaboration is widely seen as an important component in educator professional development, but we know little about the interactional processes that undergird teacher learning in collaborative workgroups. This paper focuses on four collaborative workgroups in a yearlong, mathematics-focused professional development series for pre-Kindergarten teachers. Using a communities of practice framework, we analyzed teacher workgroup conversations to understand how these interactions mediated teachers’ learning. We identified three modes of participation that characterized workgroup conversations and influenced the availability and quality of learning opportunities afforded to participants: interpersonal management, validation, and collective reasoning. Findings provide insight into how interactional processes in teacher workgroups may advance or inhibit teachers’ learning.

Changes in Cognitive Control Following a Novel Resilience-Focused Nursing Educational Program: An Exploratory Study

Patient care is currently challenged by various factors including stress and nurse fatigue that can negatively impact nurses’ health and patient safety. Emotional exhaustion and burnout among nurses are at an all-time high. Canadian nurses are reporting clinical rates of depression, anxiety, and panic at disproportionately higher rates than other public safety personnel. Innovative educational programs are desperately needed to mitigate stress and relieve distress, which will ultimately promote a healthier and more productive workforce. Little is known about the effectiveness of research informed cognitive control education within a community of practice (COP) to help nurses and nursing students process difficult experiences in order to thrive in stressful work environments. The purpose of this exploratory mixed methods study is to determine if a novel nursing educational program that was embedded in a COP framework leads to changes in cognitive control in a combined group of 16 nurses and nursing students. It included the delivery of 20 hours of community interaction over a 5-week period. Changes in cognitive control were evaluated through electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements before and after completing the course. Participants’ perceived values and priorities for improvement were captured through a focus group. Data demonstrated an increase in cognitive control before and after the COP intervention. The focus group identified nine themes that centered on promoting connection, self-efficacy, non-attachment, accountability, and trauma-informed support, and culture change. Addressing emotional pain through structured relational practice and resilience development provides a larger context for understanding workplace stress, overload, and degraded function. Connecting these disparate stressors clarifies the supporting relationships between cognitive control, personal value, social identity, and spiritual purpose. Resilience development education within a COP improved cognitive control, promoted an alignment with personal values, buffered participants from workplace stress, and empowered them to carry their learnings as change agents in healthcare. The study was limited by a small sample size and a relatively homogenous population. Further research is needed to examine the impact of evidence-informed and resilience-focused COP on patient care, safety, and costs. Résumé Les soins aux patients sont touchés par divers facteurs, dont le stress et la fatigue des infirmières, qui pourraient avoir un impact négatif sur la santé des infirmières et la sécurité des patients. La prévalence de l’épuisement émotionnel et professionnel chez les infirmières n’a jamais été aussi élevée. Les infirmières canadiennes présentent des taux cliniques de dépression, de troubles d’anxiété et de panique disproportionnellement plus élevés que les

Social justice in medical education: inclusion is not enough—it’s just the first step

IntroductionMedical schools worldwide are creating inclusion policies to increase the admission of students from vulnerable social groups. This study explores how medical students from vulnerable social groups experience belongingness as they join the medical community.MethodsThis qualitative study applied thematic analysis to 10 interviews with medical students admitted to one medical school through an affirmative policy. The interviews followed the drawing of a rich picture, in which the students represented a challenging situation experienced in their training, considering their socio-economic and racial background. The analysis was guided by the modes of belonging (engagement, imagination, and alignment) described by the Communities of Practice framework.ResultsParticipants struggled to imagine themselves as future doctors because they lack identification with the medical environment, suffer from low self-esteem, aside from experiencing racial and social discrimination. Participants also find it troublesome to engage in social and professional activities because of financial disadvantages and insufficient support from the university. However, participants strongly align with the values of the public health system and show deep empathy for the patients.DiscussionIncluding students with different socio-economic and racial backgrounds offers an opportunity to reform the medical culture. Medical educators need to devise strategies to support students’ socialization through activities that increase their self-esteem and make explicit the contributions they bring to the medical community.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s40037-022-00715-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Global community of practice: A means for capacity and community strengthening for health professionals in low- and middle-income countries.

BackgroundLow- and middle-income countries face distinct challenges in providing health care services and training. The community of practice (CoP) has been described as a method of facilitating much-needed connections and conversations on this topic and has been adapted over time to include virtual CoPs. We describe the development and evaluation of a global Clinical Lead Forum (CLF) using a CoP framework to structure informal continuing professional development (CPD) and enhance the capacity of health care professionals in low- and middle-income countries.MethodsBaylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) and its network of affiliated, independent non-governmental organizations (NGOs) provide paediatric and maternal health care for vulnerable populations around the world. We established virtual sessions across the network to discuss clinical topics, which evolved based on the need to include a COVID-19 series. We collected demographic, participation, participant and facilitator assessments, as well as leadership notes from each session as part of an educational quality improvement study. We developed and evaluated the program using the Logic Model and used the Kirkpatrick Model to assess learning outcomes.ResultsA total of 299 unique participants engaged in sessions, representing a total of 10 disciplines. There were a total of 1295 participants who joined for the 11 sessions in the regular CLF series and the 23 sessions in the COVID-19 series. Survey responses were overall consistent with a value-added intervention.ConclusionsThe CLF, via both the regular sessions and the COVID-19 series, served as an impactful global health CoP for CPD. By focusing on creating a safe and inviting space, ensuring equity and inclusion, activating champions, fostering engagement, and promoting innovation and adaptability, this program decreased professional isolation, strengthened peer relationships, and enhanced the knowledge and practices of health care professionals. Our model may be scaled to other systems across the world to bridge divides and create similarly meaningful communities.

Physical Education Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding Competitive Activities: An Examination Through Social Media

This study investigated physical education Facebook social media platforms to analyze comments by in-service teachers regarding their perceptions and experiences using competitive activities during secondary physical education classes. The last 5 years’ worth of initial postings and successive comments by a member and group members were examined. The community of practice framework guided this study. Data were compared with appropriate practice in sport. Over 745 lines of data, teachers’ responses were analyzed using NVivo (version 10.0). The first theme focused on the real game and the athlete. The second theme discussed separating genders; this theme had two subthemes, including (a) skill and gender: coed is great if you have skill and (b) gender-specific activities. The third theme focused on inappropriate activities, toughening up students, and that keeping score is fun. Results indicated teachers’ shared and conflicted perceptions that involved skill and gender during competitive activities.

It\u2019s how we practice that matters: professional identity formation and legitimate peripheral participation in medical students: a qualitative study

BackgroundThe process of Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP) within a community of practice framework (CoP) was used to explore graduate entry medical students’ professional identity formation (PIF) during their first year of study. A conceptual model has been developed that can be used by medical educators to better understand PIF and to aid the explicit incorporation of PIF activity within the undergraduate curriculum.MethodsTen students from one UK medical school participated in the longitudinal study and were interviewed at three points during the first year. Semi-structured group interviews were used to explore students’ experience of the clinical environment and the nature of their interactions with both clinicians and patients in a community-based medicine practice. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to identify overarching themes which are represented as facets in the model of PIF.ResultsResults demonstrate that students are legitimately peripherally participating within both medical student CoPs and wider medical CoPs. Themes identified within the narratives have allowed the development of a new model to understand PIF within the context of LPP in a CoP. This has five facets: Awareness, Collaboration, Negotiation, Evaluation and Realisation. Sophisticated reflection-in-action is shown to be an important aspect of PIF and enables a more conscious understanding of the change that is occurring in our students.ConclusionPIF is a complex, non-linear process that is supported by reflection-in-action and early student introduction to clinical practice. It can be recognised in students’ narratives in their changing use of language, their understanding of the medical COP, and their evolving relational participation with those around them. This study adds to those that have previously explored PIF. The model of PIF developed in this study illustrates how experiences in the clinical environment support PIF. Medical educators may find this model helpful when considering how PIF can be explicitly encouraged in the medical curriculum and how reflection may be used for the purpose of identity change.

Using Mentor Texts to Develop Disciplinary Literacy of Scholarly Practitioners Through Dissertations in Practice

In this essay, we described how we use mentor texts (MTs) to foster students’ disciplinary literacy—reading, writing, thinking, and performing abilities in an area related to their problem of practice. We did this by carefully creating scaffolded learning experiences affording them with multiple, situated learning opportunities over time that allow students to move to central roles as scholarly practitioners where they now contribute in meaningful ways to disciplinary-based literacy. In this process, students were transformed from being readers of MTs where they were consuming the MTs for content to being producers, writers, of MTs that influenced others. This transformation was couched in Wenger’s Community of Practice framework. We provided a detailed presentation of how we implement the MT process throughout the EdD program. We discussed challenges and next steps and concluded with questions readers might consider as they contemplate whether using MTs might be beneficial to students in their programs.

Fostering political participation through the organisation of party education in Sweden

Political parties are often construed as playing an imperative role in democratic systems. However, what happens inside a party once people have joined as members and during their continued engagement is underexplored in research. This paper investigates the organisation of party education within political parties in Sweden and how political participation may be fostered. The vantage point is the institutional level in the party organisation when designing education and providing learning opportunities for party members. The empirical material consists of interviews with central representatives from all eight parties represented in the national parliament following the elections in 2018. This collected material has been analysed using concepts from the community of practice framework. The results indicate attempts by the parties to affect both individual members and local party branches through the organisation of party education.

The complexities of meaningful experiential learning: Exploring reflective practice in music performance studies

The purpose of this study was to examine the intersections of experiential learning and critical reflection within the unique context of the Accademia Europea dell’Opera (AEDO), a music performance summer program specializing in opera. Researchers explored the development and implementation of a responsive model of reflection and considered the impact this model had on helping music students shift between multiple spaces of musical performance and skill development. Data were analyzed through a communities of practice framework, and findings drawn from the analysis are explored through the following themes: the complexities of building a new community, synergy between intrapersonal and interpersonal engagement, and participants’ processes of reflecting and learning together.

“This Is Just What We Do”: PhD Students on Becoming Scholars in a Community of Practice

Increasingly librarians are interested in how the Community of Practice (CoP) framework can provide a more complete picture of how information literacy practices are influenced by situated and social learning. Doctoral students are socialized into the practices of the academy and gradually take on the identity and work of a scholar in their field. As an illustration of the CoP framework among doctoral students, the author shares data from a qualitative study with a small group of early-career education PhD students who are developing their information literacy skills within their disciplinary and social contexts, using the CoP as a source of support and reflection around their identity development as scholarly researchers and writers. Using critical reflection, the author considers the role of a librarian-researcher in an existing CoP of doctoral students and what role librarians can play in supporting students’ research and writing practices within the community.

Expert learning in (micro)communities of practice: a case study examining teacher professional development

ABSTRACT This article reports on a qualitative case study investigating a multi-year, professional development as a form of community of practice (CoP). Data were collected over 4 years and included pre-post surveys, field notes, and archival data. Findings suggest a refinement of the CoP framework to include the existence of micro-communities of practice (MCoP). MCoPs only exist as areas of specialisation within a larger, complex CoP. We describe the emergence of two such micro-communities and propose the phenomenon needs further research.

Preservice science and mathematics teachers’ acculturation into communities of practice: A call for undergraduate research in science and mathematics teacher preparation

Current mathematics and science standards, namely the Common Core State Standards of Mathematics (CCSSM) and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), emphasize engaging students in mathematical and scientific practices. This review article is driven by the question: How can we expect science and mathematics teachers to appropriately engage students in the practices of the scientific and mathematical disciplines, when most teachers themselves lack experience practicing as scientists and mathematicians? To address this question, we review the literature on teachers’ understanding of their discipline’s practices, disciplinary practices as means to engage in inquiry, and how preservice teacher engagement in undergraduate research experiences may contribute to fostering desirable understandings of their disciplines’ practices. We further posit that the communities of practice framework allows teacher educators to conceptualize how undergraduate research can foster understandings of inquiry through engagement in science and mathematical practices, thereby enabling science and mathematics teachers to construct communities of scientific and mathematical practice, respectively, in their own classrooms. We conclude with a call to both provide undergraduate research experiences to preservice science and mathematics teachers as well as an exploration of research that is needed to fully conceptualize the benefits of undergraduate research for preservice science and mathematics teachers.