Communicative Approach Research Articles

From Conversation to Interaction: A Pedagogical Exploration of Applying Conversation Analysis in EFL Classrooms

Within the communicative language teaching approach, current instructional materials often lack explicit guidance or fail to provide L2 learners with a wide range of resources in the target language. Conversation analysis (CA), which focuses on authentic talk, has been proposed as a potential resource for language classrooms. This study examines the effectiveness of using CA as a pedagogical approach in an EFL classroom and its impact on learners’ attitudes toward English language learning. The study engaged eight adult learners in a structured program, encompassing a pre-test, a 4-week explicit CA-informed instruction, and a post-test. After four weeks, learners demonstrated progress in their knowledge and skills of interaction, different aspects of English speaking, interactional competence, and confidence in speaking English. Additionally, the CA-informed instruction positively influenced learners’ attitudes toward English language learning and their appreciation of interactional features. The results strongly suggest that language teachers should consider incorporating CA insights into their teaching practices to enhance both linguistic and attitudinal outcomes.

Development of the cognitive-behavioral communication (CBC) framework: A novel approach for mass communication in contact tracing during infectious disease outbreaks

The Cognitive-Behavioral Communication (CBC) Framework was developed to improve public compliance with contact tracing during infectious disease outbreaks, addressing the gaps exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. These gaps, including public distrust, misinformation, and privacy concerns, hindered traditional contact tracing efforts. The CBC Framework integrates mass communication theories, cognitive-behavioral strategies, and AI-driven message personalization to enhance public engagement. The framework was tested through comparative field trials, with one group receiving personalized communication via the CBC model and another receiving standard public health messages. Results showed that the CBC group achieved a significantly higher compliance rate (85.6% vs. 66.4%) and a 33% reduction in privacy concerns. AI-driven messages also increased relevance over time, with 86.2% of participants reporting improved message relevance. Public trust was significantly higher in the CBC group, with positive sentiment at 67.5% compared to 45.2% in the control group. These findings have particular relevance to the U.S., where challenges like distrust and privacy concerns have impeded the effectiveness of contact tracing. The CBC Framework presents a scalable solution to improve compliance, trust, and overall public health outcomes during future outbreaks.

Designing persuasive communication models for vaccine acceptance in isolated communities: A mass communication approach

This study introduces the Persuasive Communication Model as a novel approach to address vaccine hesitancy in isolated U.S. communities, where infectious diseases such as measles and influenza continue to pose significant public health threats. By integrating mass communication theories like the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), with AI-driven message personalization, the model effectively tailors health communication strategies to the cultural, cognitive, and socio-economic contexts of vaccine-hesitant populations. In a randomized controlled trial, the model increased vaccination uptake by over 20% compared to traditional methods, while also enhancing trust in healthcare systems. The model’s adaptive communication, utilizing both digital platforms and community leaders, was instrumental in overcoming barriers related to geographic isolation, religious beliefs, and cultural resistance. These findings are particularly relevant for enhancing national public health security and reducing the economic burden of vaccine-preventable diseases. The study highlights the model's superiority over static communication frameworks, offering scalable applications for broader public health interventions.

Effect on comprehension of an AI patient-friendly hospital discharge letter: a quasi-RCT

Abstract Background During transition from hospital to home care, discharge letters serve as a bridge of information between hospital physicians, general practitioners, and patients. However, the complexity of these letters often hinders patient comprehension, leading to medication errors and adverse outcomes. We assessed the effect on patients’ comprehension and satisfaction of using AI to transform discharge letters into patient-friendly versions. Methods An online quasi-randomized controlled parallel-group trial was conducted in Italy. A synthetic discharge letter for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient was drafted. GPT-4 rephrased the letter into an easier-to-understand version. Participants were assigned to receive either the original or AI-generated letter and completed comprehension assessments and satisfaction survey. Results Out of 460, 166 participants received the original letter, and 175 the AI version. The AI group showed significantly higher comprehension scores (median 4;IQR 2-4 vs. 2; IQR1-2, p < 0.001) and outperformed the control group in understanding diagnosis, medications, and antibiotic instructions. Perceived satisfaction was higher in the AI group across all measures (p < 0.001). Health literacy was a good predictor of comprehension in both arms (p = 0.013; p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis revealed the AI letter nearly bridged the comprehension gap between non-healthcare individuals and healthcare professionals receiving the original letter. Conclusions AI-optimized discharge letters improved patient understanding, and satisfaction compared to traditional letters. The study underscores the influence of sociodemographic factors like healthcare experience and health literacy on comprehension, advocating for adaptive communication strategies. These findings contribute to discussions about integrating AI in healthcare to develop patient-centered communication approaches. Key messages • AI-generated patient-friendly discharge letters significantly improved comprehension and satisfaction compared to traditional letters. • Integrating AI in healthcare communication can help bridge comprehension gaps and promote patient-centered care.

Preferences regarding the Booster Dose of Covid-19: a cross-sectional study in Central Italy

Abstract Background Examining information sources, communication channels, and preferred content formats is crucial for adapting and improving future communication strategies in vaccination campaigns. This study aims to evaluate the information and communication preferences regarding the booster dose of Covid-19 among employees of the Central Tuscany Local Health Authority (CT-LHA). Methods From July to October 2022, a questionnaire was administered to 7,000 out of approximately 15,000 CT-LHA employees. The questionnaire analyzed communication, organizational, and access aspects regarding preferences for the Covid-19 booster dose. The sample was stratified into healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-healthcare workers (NHCWs). Chi-squared tests were performed using STATA, with the significance level set at 95%. Results The returned questionnaires were 1,885 (26.9%), with the majority being HCWs (64.4%). HCWs rated the quality of communication significantly lower compared to NHCWs, who rated it very high (p < 0.05). HCWs also rated the ease of booking the Covid-19 booster dose and access modalities to vaccination significantly lower than NHCWs (p < 0.05). NHCWs expressed a preference for receiving scientific information from Ministry of Health tutorials, while HCWs preferred information from their general practitioner (p < 0.05). HCWs preferred to receive organizational information from healthcare management, while NHCWs preferred information from vaccination physicians (p < 0.05). Additionally, HCWs preferred company operating procedures for disseminating information, whereas NHCWs preferred corporate communications circulars (p < 0.05). Conclusions HCWs and NHCWs showed differences in perceived quality of communication, ease of access to vaccination services, and preferred sources of information. HCWs rated the quality of communication and access to vaccination services lower than NHCWs. This results suggest the need for tailored communication strategies to effectively reach both groups. Key messages • Health organizations need to develop targeted communication approaches that address the specific needs and preferences of their employees. • Flexibility and adaptability are crucial to adapt communication methods and channels to strengthen vaccination initiatives and promote public health outcomes.

Women’s perspectives on the acceptability of risk-based cervical cancer screening

BackgroundThe increased knowledge of cervical cancer (CC) risk factors and suboptimal performance of present screening programs has generated interest in shifting from a universal screening approach to one based on individual risk assessment. To inform the future development of risk-based CC screening programs, it is crucial to gain insight into the factors influencing the acceptability of such approach among screening target group women. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the acceptability of risk-based CC screening and to identify potential barriers.MethodsIn this qualitative study, one-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample including women aged 30–65 years to explore women’s perspectives on the acceptability of risk-based CC screening. The study was conducted in Estonia, and interviews were conducted from March to September 2023. Potential participants were approached in person by a member of the study team or by their healthcare providers at primary care or gynaecology clinics. The interview guides were developed based on the concept of acceptability of healthcare interventions.ResultsTwenty participants (mean age 44.5, SD = 8.6) with diverse backgrounds were interviewed. The seven components of acceptability (affective attitude, burden, ethicality, opportunity costs, perceived effectiveness, self-efficacy, and intervention coherence) were explored as key themes. Generally, women supported risk-based screening. However, we identified several factors that may compromise the acceptability of risk-based screening. The participants were reluctant to accept less intense screening for low-risk women and anticipated that if risk-based approach was implemented, more frequent testing would remain an option. Providing in-person clinician support was expected, requiring additional healthcare resources. Knowledge gaps in CC prevention highlighted the need for accessible information and education. Most women were unworried about sensitive data inclusion in risk score calculations. However, some participants were concerned about potential confidentiality breaches by healthcare workers.ConclusionThis study indicates that risk-based CC screening is acceptable, except for testing low-risk women less frequently. Our findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive understanding of the needs and concerns of the target group women for program development. Healthcare organizations are required to proactively address these needs by implementing comprehensive information dissemination and efficient communication approaches.

Sappho Scientific Evidence Platform on Gender: Narratives of Academics and Non-Academics about a Community Science Case

Modern society's digitization has led to the creation of online science platforms. Research shows that academic-oriented platforms boost active research teams, enhance scientific collaboration, and encourage manuscript reviews. However, there is limited research on platforms for citizen participation in science. This study examines the Sappho Scientific Evidence Platform, which aims to provide a science-based participatory tool with a focus on gender-related issues. Using a qualitative communicative approach, 10 users (6 primary school teachers, 2 researchers, and 2 university professors) were interviewed about their platform usage, impacts encountered, and the dialogues between citizens and scientists. The findings reveal that both academics and non-academics can contribute to science on Sappho. Participants reported improved scientific literacy, enhanced conversations about scientific evidence, and the use of this evidence in their personal and professional lives. The platform empowers users to critically engage with gender issues. These results highlight Sappho's positive impact and its potential as a valuable tool for promoting scientific evidence among its users.

Language Teaching and Curricular Practices: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Language teaching has evolved over the decades, driven by advancements in educational theories and the growing need for learners to communicate effectively in a globalized world. Curricular practices in language education have shifted from traditional grammar-based approaches to more communicative and task-oriented models. However, the implementation of these curricula varies across different contexts, raising questions about their effectiveness and adaptability. This comprehensive literature review aims to analyze the current trends, challenges, and best practices in language teaching and curriculum design. By synthesizing findings from empirical studies, the review examines how various curricular approaches impact language proficiency, learner engagement, and teaching methodologies. The study also explores the role of institutional support and teacher training in facilitating successful language education reforms. The review finds that communicative and task-based curricula significantly improve language proficiency and learner motivation. However, successful implementation requires adequate teacher preparation, appropriate resource allocation, and flexibility in curriculum design. Additionally, challenges such as cultural differences, institutional rigidity, and assessment practices can hinder the effectiveness of innovative curricular models. In conclusion, while communicative and task-based approaches show promise, their success is highly context-dependent. Future research should focus on developing adaptable curriculum models that accommodate diverse educational settings and explore long-term outcomes of these approaches.

Communication as a Strategic Asset of Sustainable Development Planning of Rural Territorial Systems

Successful application of the communicative approach focused on the involvement of local communities in the process of planning the sustainable development of rural territorial systems greatly increases the effectiveness of planning processes. Where state management policy guarantees the participation of local communities in the process of rural territorial systems development, creates conditions for their involvement in the dialogue with local authorities, the chances of successful implementation of sustainable development plans increase significantly. The article makes an attempt to substantiate the necessity of introducing the communicative approach into the management system of rural territorial systems, as it will allow transforming the system of regional planning in Russia and achieving real breakthrough results in the sphere of development of social-ecological-economic components of rural territorial systems.

Dietary Health Communication and Conversation Analysis: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT Globally, many people don’t eat a healthy diet despite policies and public health frameworks deployed to improve dietary status. Healthy diets can prevent, manage, and even reverse chronic disease, highlighting the importance of health professionals addressing healthy diets in clinical consultations. Conversation analysis (CA) is a method that can be used to understand dietary talk in these clinical consultations; however, it is unclear to what extent CA has been used for this purpose. Using PRISMA guidelines, a scoping review was conducted with the aim of identifying and summarizing research where CA was used to examine the dietary health conversations between health professionals and adults. A systematic search resulted in 4161 articles retrieved, with 13 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Included studies used CA to examine a variety of phases of dietary health encounters, including dietary assessment, advice-giving and resistance to this dietary advice, and dietary (lifestyle) behavior change negotiations, with n = 6 using audio or video recording, respectively. Studies were conducted in seven countries and across primary, secondary, and tertiary settings. We highlighted that dietary talk, irrespective of purpose (e.g., evaluation, assessment, or persuasion [e.g., behavior change]), is under-researched within the CA field. This is a need for further research using CA on dietary talk across a range of settings, conditions, populations, and talk purposes to understand how health professionals impact patient dietary behaviors. Such understanding has the potential to contribute to the improvement of dietary health communication approaches and patient outcomes.

Simulation-Based Approaches for Training Communication and Counseling Skills in Clinical Education in Audiology: A Scoping Review.

This review article aimed to obtain an understanding of the positive outcomes and challenges associated with the use of simulation-based approaches for teaching communication and counseling skills in clinical education in audiology as described in the literature. A scoping review was conducted during October 2023 to identify published journal articles that described how simulation-based approaches were used for teaching or assessing communication and/or counseling skills among audiology students. Database searches yielded 208 articles initially. Following abstract screening and full-text review, 17 articles were included for analysis. Most studies focused on using simulation-based approaches for teaching, and there was a stronger focus on pediatric audiology. Most studies involved the use of standardized patients, with data collected via quantitative approaches using rating scales and surveys. Simulation-based approaches can offer positive learning experiences and practice opportunities for students acquiring communication and counseling skills. However, the benefits of simulation over traditional methods are unclear. Students may struggle to integrate technical and communication skills in simulated learning experiences. Engaging with simulation-based approaches may provide important practice opportunities, but these methods are not sufficient to ensure acquisition of communication and counseling skills. More qualitative studies are needed to understand the nuances of if and how students might acquire such skills via simulated learning experiences. We offer some suggestions for improvement of future studies on this topic.

The Role of Workplace Communication on Employees’ Performance in Tanzania: A Case of Tanzania Electric Supply Company (TANESCO)

Effective workplace communication is pivotal in enhancing employee performance, particularly in today's global business environment characterized by diversity and remote work dynamics. This study aimed to examine the role of workplace communication on employee performance within Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO), focusing on how communication influences job correctness, decision-making, planning, and overall employee productivity. The study utilized a descriptive research design to collect data. A total of 36 participants were sampled using simple random. Data were gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS for quantitative data insights. The findings indicate a significant correlation between effective communication and enhanced employee performance. Specifically, open communication with supervisors was strongly linked to increased job correctness and performance (mean = 4.81). Communication was also found to facilitate decision-making and planning (mean = 3.53), and there was a recognized relationship between effective communication and overall employee performance (mean = 3.97). However, the traditional top-down communication approach was noted, with a mean score of 3.65, suggesting areas for improvement in adopting more inclusive communication practices. The study confirms the critical role of effective workplace communication in enhancing employee performance at TANESCO. Open and transparent communication, particularly with supervisors, significantly contributes to job accuracy and employee productivity. The study recommends that TANESCO implements structured programs to foster open dialogue, develops comprehensive communication strategies that balance hierarchical and inclusive approaches, and invests in regular training and assessment of communication practices. Additionally, adopting an 'open door' policy and engaging in active listening are suggested to enhance the communication framework within the organization.

Just Give Me A Reason: How goal setting increases the number of blood donations

In general, there is a positive attitude towards blood donation but only a very small percentage of the population are eligible to donate blood actually does. Based on ability-opportunity-motivation theory and goal-setting theory, we espouse that asking potential donors to commit to a donation goal in the form of a specific reason for donating blood increases donation frequency. In an online experiment with a sample of 168 respondents conducted in Austria, different donation goals were developed based on medical data and tested. As a result, we were able to show that asking people to “just” donate, which is currently the standard communication approach of many blood donation organizations, if applied to 100 potential donors would result in 98 blood donations. However, motivating blood donors to reach a goal that requires multiple blood donations more than doubles the number of blood donations over the course of a year. If we think one step further and have potential blood donors select the most appropriate donation goal for them based on the effectiveness, this will triple the amount of blood donated compared to "just donate blood again”. The goal of blood donor organizations should therefore be to use appropriate communication measures to encourage potential blood donors to commit to a blood donation goal that suits them best. This could then motivate them to donate blood more frequently, which would increase the amount of blood donated and secure a continuous supply of much-needed blood.

Creativity and Creative Subject in the Field of Social Communications: modern understanding and basic characteristics (part I)

The article examines the dynamics of creativity perception in successive attempts to study its interpretations in the social sciences and proposes a social and communicative approach to understanding the categories of creativity and the creative subject. The authors analyze the approaches to defining creativity in various research paradigms, which shows the applicability of the socio-communicative approach with a critical view on socio-psychological and sociological definitions of creativity. The text represents the discussion of the criteria and features of creativity and consider the main parameters and criteria of creativity as a communicative phenomenon. The authors propose a new understanding of the concept of creativity and explain it through three related concepts: (1) creative process, (2) creative subject and (3) creative product. At the end, the authors substantiate the typology of creative products and discuss the essence of the consumer value of creative products, highlighting its rational and emotional dimensions.

Application ofcommunication approach in studying English for military purposes

The article discusses the use of communicative approach in teaching English to cadets at military universities. Today, the communicative approach is an effective way to learn a foreign language. It is focused on the communication situation. Its important advantage is the ability to overcome the language barrier.

Model Komunikasi dalam Mitigasi Bencana Banjir di Kabupaten Kerinci dan Sungai Penuh

This article discusses the problems of development communication in flood disaster mitigation in Kerinci Regency and Sungai Penuh City. Kerinci Regency with its mountainous topography and extensive river network often experiences flood disasters, which have worsened in recent years. This study aims to explore an effective communication model in reducing the impact of flooding and improving community preparedness. Using a literature study method, this study highlights the importance of two-way communication between the government and the community, community-based education, and the use of modern technology such as social media and mobile applications. The results of the study indicate that a participatory communication model that actively involves the community and a technology-based early warning system can improve disaster mitigation and community response. This article provides a more inclusive communication approach, involving various stakeholders, to strengthen community resilience to future disasters.

Membangun Komitmen Aktivitas Karyawan Kelurahan Tegal Sari Mandala III Medan di Era Digital melalui Desain Komunikasi Organisasi yang Efektif

Abstract This research aims to investigate the role of technology and digital communication in building commitment to employee activities in Tegal Sari Mandala III Medan Village in the digital era through effective organizational communication design. Employee activity commitment is a key factor that influences organizational performance and success. However, the digital era brings new challenges in building employee commitment through changes in communication and interaction patterns in the work environment. Using a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, this research combines surveys, in-depth interviews, and participant observation to collect data. The research results show that the effective use of digital communication technology, such as email, instant messaging applications, and online collaboration platforms, has a significant positive relationship with the level of employee activity commitment. The more effective the use of digital communication technology, the higher the level of affective, sustainable and normative commitment that employees have. This research also identified challenges in implementing digital communication technology and effective communication design, such as varying levels of digital literacy among employees. To overcome these challenges, organizations need to provide training and mentoring to employees, as well as adopt an integrated communication approach. In general, this research confirms that efficient organizational communication design, supported by the appropriate use of digital communication technology, can be a key factor in strengthening employee engagement in the digital era. Organizations that are able to optimize the potential of technology and digital communications well will have a competitive advantage in building a team of human resources that is qualified and has a high level of commitment.

Bridging the Generation Gap: Communication Strategies at Golkar Sidoarjo DPD

Background: Effective communication in organizations is crucial for fostering collaboration, especially in diverse generational settings. Specific Background: This study investigates the communication dynamics at DPD Golkar Sidoarjo, using a qualitative approach to explore interactions among staff from different generations. Knowledge Gap: While previous research has addressed generational gaps in workplace performance, there is limited understanding of how communication strategies can effectively bridge these divides. Aims: The study aims to analyze vertical and horizontal communication, alongside openness and feedback, in addressing generational differences. Results: Findings reveal that adaptive communication strategies successfully manage these differences, enhancing inclusivity and productivity. Novelty: This research provides insights into tailored communication approaches that respect generational preferences. Implications: The study highlights the need for strategic communication frameworks in human resource management to facilitate effective interactions among diverse generational cohorts, improving organizational performance. Highlights : Adaptive Strategies: Effective communication tailored to generational preferences enhances collaboration. Team Dynamics: Horizontal communication fosters teamwork and idea-sharing among staff. Productivity Impact: Addressing generational gaps through communication improves overall organizational performance. Keywords: organizational communication, generational differences, qualitative study, DPD Golkar Sidoarjo, inclusivity

Provider Perceptions and Use of Audit-Feedback and Communication Strategies to Improve Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake

ObjectiveHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal among US adolescents. A cluster randomized trial was conducted at six primary care practices in southeast Minnesota to assess the impact of parent reminder-recall letters and provider audit-feedback reports on 11–12-year-old HPV vaccine uptake. Audit-feedback reports included access to a web toolkit with instruction on two communication approaches. We evaluated the process of the audit-feedback report intervention to inform future adaptations. MethodsWe sent a survey to providers assigned to the intervention and asked about their use and perceptions of the reports, web toolkit, the communication approaches, and HPV vaccine recommendation. ResultsSurveys from 95 providers were analyzed. Most (97.9%) recalled receiving audit-feedback reports, with 92.4% finding them somewhat to very easy to understand, 86% somewhat to very familiar with their content and objectives, and 69.9% using them five or more times in the past year. Few respondents (11.6%) recalled receiving access to the web toolkit. Web analytics showed that the toolkit was rarely used. Most reported familiarity with communication approaches but less than half reported that these positively impacted the tone of the clinical encounter. Higher familiarity with audit-feedback reports (OR=2.58) and perceived peer approval about using presumptive language (the first of two communication approaches) to recommend HPV vaccination (OR=2.16) correlated with higher frequency of vaccine recommendation. ConclusionsImplementation of the audit-feedback reports showed good acceptability. Low utilization of the web toolkit suggests a need to further examine provider preferences on delivery and usability of training materials.

'You're Just Thinking About Going Home': Exploring Person-Centred Medication Communication With Older Patients at Hospital Discharge.

The hospital discharge process poses significant safety risks for older patients due to complexities in communication and coordination among stakeholders, leading to potential drug-related problems post-discharge. Adopting a person-centred care (PCC) approach in medication communication by healthcare professionals (HCPs) is crucial to ensure positive health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the practice of PCC in medication communication between older patients and HCPs during the hospital discharge process. We conducted a qualitative study using non-participatory direct observations of patient-HCP consultations during hospital discharge, followed by semi-structured interviews with observed patients and, when applicable, their informal caregivers. Data collection occurred from October 2020 to May 2021 at two Swedish hospitals. We gathered data using an observational form and audio-recorded all consultations and interviews. The data were analysed thematically using the systematic text condensation method. Twenty patients were included (median age: 81 years [range: 65-94]; 9 female) in observations and 13 of them participated in interviews. Two patients were accompanied by an informal caregiver during the interviews. Three main themes were identified: (1) The impact of traditional authoritarian structures, depicts power dynamics between patients and their HCPs, showing how traditional structures influence the practice of PCC in medication communication during hospital discharge; (2) Consultation timing and mode not on patients' terms, describes suboptimal times and settings for consultations, along with the use of complex language that hinders effective communication; and (3) Discrepancy in expectations of self-care ability, illustrates a mismatch between the self-care guidance provided by HCPs during hospital discharge and the actual needs and preferences of patients and informal caregivers. Medication communication between older patients and HCPs during hospital discharge is frequently inconsistent with the practice of PCC. Not only must HCPs improve their communication strategies, but patients and their informal caregivers should also be better prepared for discharge communication and encouraged to participate in their care. This involvement would give them relevant knowledge and tailor communication to their individual needs, preventing problems in managing their medications after discharge. An advisory group of six patients and/or informal caregiver contributors provided input on the study design, edited the consent forms, and helped develop the interview guide.