Communication Technologies Research Articles

Exploring the Linkages between ICT, Energy-Economic Growth in Mitigating Ecological Footprints: Evidence from D – 8 Member States

The member states of D-8 organization is facing various environmental challenges. There is a rapid environmental contamination caused by the usage of fossil fuels for energy. As a result, developed and developing nations alike are implementing a variety of approaches to address environmental issues. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the interrelationships among information and communication technologies (ICT), natural resource rent (NNR), economic growth, green technology innovation (GTI), green finance (GFI), and ecological footprints (EFP) in the D – 8 countries. Reliable methodologies and annual data covering the period from 1995 to 2022 were employed to present the results. To find out how the thing changes over short and long periods, we used a method called cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL). The results showed that the EKC theory is true in this specific area. Depletion of natural resources and economic expansion both contribute to an increased ecological footprint. Green finance, information and communication technologies innovations, and technological advancements all contribute to the reduction of the ecological footprints. A unidirectional causal relationship was established between economic growth, green finance, ecological footprints, and information and communication technologies via the D-H causality test. The present study incorporates novel insights from the D – 8 countries into the extant body of knowledge concerning the origins of environmental contamination. Furthermore, this research offers a standard by which policymakers and government agencies in these industries can assess their investments in information and communication technologies green finance, and environmentally friendly technologies, in an effort to reduce environmental contamination.

Perkembangan Masyarakat Menuju Digitalisasi Di Kampung Tahu Binjai

The development of information and communication technology has encouraged global society in the era of digitalization, including in rural areas such as Kampung Tahu Binjai. However, these challenges in the form of limited access to technology, low digital literacy, and resistance to change are the main obstacles in this transformation process. This research aims to identify the problems faced by the people of Kampung Tahu Binjai in moving towards digitalization, recommend strategic approaches to accelerate adaptation, and spread the impact on social, economic and cultural aspects. The approach used includes participatory methods by conducting field observations, in-depth interviews, and digital literacy training based on local needs. The proposed solutions include providing technological infrastructure, integrated training programs, and strengthening collaboration with the private sector and government. The research results show that the implementation of digital initiatives such as e-commerce for marketing local tofu products and digital application-based education increases the economic welfare of the community by up to 35%. In addition, better digital literacy accelerates society's adaptation to new technologies, increases production efficiency and expands market access. In conclusion, digitalization has a significant impact in empowering the people of Kampung Tahu Binjai, as long as it is supported by an inclusive and sustainable strategy

Reformulation Of The Law On Information And Electronic Transactions In The Enforcement Of Criminal Acts Related To Fake News Through Social Media

The rapid development of information and communication technology has had a significant impact on society, particularly through the use of social media as the primary means of disseminating information. However, this convenience has also triggered serious problems related to the spread of fake news (hoaxes), which can cause public unrest and even have implications for social and legal stability. This study aims to analyze the enforcement of laws against the criminal act of spreading fake news through social media, examine the urgency of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (EIT Law), and formulate alternatives for reformulating Article 28(1) of the EIT Law to make it clearer and more applicable. The method used is a normative legal approach with qualitative analysis, supported by case studies and observations of the implementation of the law by the Cyber Crime Unit of the West Kalimantan Regional Police, as well as an examination of the Joint Ministerial Decree of 2021. The results of the study indicate that law enforcement against hoaxes still faces challenges in terms of proving legal elements and the ambiguity of the wording of the norms in the ITE Law. Additionally, the urgency for regulatory updates is high, as the improper application of certain provisions in some cases has led to potential violations of the right to freedom of expression. Therefore, a reformulation of Article 28(1) is necessary, emphasizing objective terminological boundaries and the actual impact of false information. This reformulation is expected to provide legal clarity, enhance enforcement effectiveness, and ensure the protection of civil liberties in the digital age.

Penguatan Kompetensi Pedagogi Guru SMPN 3 Semarang Melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial Intelligence) dalam Pembelajaran di Sekolah

The development of information and communication technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), holds great potential to enhance the quality of education. SMPN 3 Semarang initiated an AI training program for teachers to strengthen their pedagogical competence. The development of AI in education presents opportunities to enhance teacher competence through technology-based training.This community service activity uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires given to training participants. The results of the activity demonstrate that this training offers a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental concepts of AI, its applications in education, and practical skills in utilizing various AI tools and platforms. Additionally, several challenges were identified during the implementation of AI, including limitations in technological infrastructure and teachers' resistance to change.Nevertheless, this training successfully improved teachers' pedagogical competence and made a positive contribution to the quality of learning in schools. This community service activity also made the training in the use of artificial intelligence at SMPN 3 Semarang a model and reference for other schools in improving the quality of learning in this digital era.

A Survey on Semantic Communications in Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV), as the core of intelligent transportation system, enables comprehensive interconnection between vehicles and their surroundings through multiple communication modes, which is significant for autonomous driving and intelligent traffic management. However, with the emergence of new applications, traditional communication technologies face the problems of scarce spectrum resources and high latency. Semantic communication, which focuses on extracting, transmitting, and recovering some useful semantic information from messages, can reduce redundant data transmission, improve spectrum utilization, and provide innovative solutions to communication challenges in the IoV. This paper systematically reviews state-of-the-art semantic communications in the IoV, elaborates the technical background of the IoV and semantic communications, and deeply discusses key technologies of semantic communications in the IoV, including semantic information extraction, semantic communication architecture, resource allocation and management, and so on. Through specific case studies, it demonstrates that semantic communications can be effectively employed in the scenarios of traffic environment perception and understanding, intelligent driving decision support, IoV service optimization, and intelligent traffic management. Additionally, it analyzes the current challenges and future research directions. This survey reveals that semantic communications have broad application prospects in the IoV, but it is necessary to solve the real existing problems by combining advanced technologies to promote their wide application in the IoV and contributing to the development of intelligent transportation systems.

Revisiting Wireless Cyberattacks on Vehicles

The automotive industry has been a prime target for cybercriminals for decades, with attacks becoming more sophisticated as vehicles integrate advanced digital technologies. In response, new standards and regulations have been introduced, requiring manufacturers to implement robust cybersecurity measures to obtain necessary certifications. Modern vehicles have an extensive attack surface due to the increasing number of interconnected electronic components and wireless communication features. While new technologies improve connectivity, automation, and comfort, they also introduce new vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the attack surface of modern vehicles, focusing on the security risks associated with wireless communication technologies. Each technology is examined in detail, highlighting existing research, known vulnerabilities, and potential countermeasures. Furthermore, this study identifies key research gaps in the field, providing insights into critical areas that require further investigation. This work aims to guide future research efforts in order to enhance vehicle cybersecurity in the evolving landscape of smart, autonomous, and connected vehicles.

Does financial inclusion and ICT influence the economic growth: an evidence from ‎select emerging economies using panel data estimates

Information Communication Technology (ICT) 's contribution to financial ‎services and economic growth is extensively researched. With technological development, the ‎financial systems are converging with ICT platforms, thereby leading to digital financial systems‎, creating opportunities that bridge the gap between affluent and disadvantaged sections in ‎emerging economies. In this study, we employ the panel data estimation method to evaluate the ‎impact of ICT in providing financial services that would lead to sustainable economic growth in ‎‎12 emerging economies from 2010 to 2024. The findings emphasize the critical role ‎of digital financial services and ICT infrastructure in boosting financial inclusion and driving ‎inclusive economic growth. The Random Effect model has inferred that there exists a moderate ‎effect of fixed telephone lines and mobile cellular subscribers on GDP by simplifying digital ‎applications, integrating regional languages. By ensuring secure systems in places, the regulators ‎and service providers can contribute to the sustainable economic growth of both the country ‎and the underserved communities‎.

Review of Design and Implementation of New Software Radio System based on GNU Radio and USRP

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the design and implementation of software-defined radio (SDR) systems based on the GNU Radio platform and Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) hardware in China. The study highlights the evolution of wireless communication technologies, emphasizing the technical advantages of SDR, including flexibility, scalability, interference resistance, and cost-effectiveness. The analysis explores widely used software platforms (GNU Radio and LabVIEW) and hardware peripherals (USRP and HackRF One), comparing their specifications, functionality, and suitability for diverse communication scenarios.A detailed examination of recent Chinese academic research reveals numerous practical implementations, such as adaptive interference cancellation systems, dual-protocol transceivers, spectrum monitoring platforms, visible light communication (VLC) systems, and MIMO-OFDM architectures. These systems leverage the modularity of GNU Radio and the high performance of USRP to address challenges in real-time data processing, spectrum efficiency, and channel interference. Experimental results from case studies demonstrate advancements in packet error rate (PER) reduction, spectral efficiency (up to 10 bit/s/Hz), and interference suppression (e.g., 20 dB self-interference cancellation for full-duplex systems). Challenges such as hardware limitations, environmental interference, and synchronization issues are discussed, alongside proposals for future enhancements, including hardware upgrades, multi-platform integration, and algorithm optimization. The paper underscores the role of open-source SDR frameworks in democratizing wireless innovation while providing critical insights into emerging trends and practical constraints in software radio research.

Teacher and School Mediation for Online Risk Prevention and Management: Fostering Sustainable Education in the Digital Age

(1) Background: The increasing use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in educational environments has introduced new challenges related to digital safety and sustainability. Teacher mediation and institutional initiatives are pivotal for preventing and managing Internet-related risks. This study investigates teacher and school mediation strategies for online risk prevention, analysing differences across educational settings and stages in Spain to inform inclusive digital safety practices. (2) Methodology: a quantitative study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey design involving 550 elementary and secondary school teachers from both mainstream and special education schools. (3) Results: Most schools implement intervention plans to mitigate risks associated with students’ Internet use, although the approach to these plans varies according to educational stage and school setting. Teachers employ strategies such as setting classroom rules and supporting students with online challenges, with secondary school teachers and those in mainstream schools tending to adopt more comprehensive or conversation-based prevention strategies. (4) Conclusions: Teachers and schools play a crucial role in ensuring digital safety and sustainability. Future efforts should strengthen digital skills, foster responsible online behaviour, and build inclusive, flexible learning environments according to the differing needs observed across stages and school settings.

Assessing Of Telepharmacy in Rural Healthcare Settings

The term "telepharmacy" indicates a form of pharmaceutical care in which pharmacists and patients are not in the same place and can interact using information and communication technology (ICT) facilities. Telepharmacy has been adopted to provide pharmaceutical services to underserved areas and to address the problem of pharmacist shortage. The benefits of Telepharmacy include increased value for pharmacies and pharmacists and adapting to patients´ needs, enhanced interprofessional care and increased efficiency of health systems and increased provision of patient- centred services, among others. People living in rural, remote and underserved geographical locations are considered vulnerable for many reasons, including their inability to access essential medications at times of need for their ailments. Telepharmacy refers to providing pharmaceutical care with the help of digital technology and telecommunication to persons who cannot access pharmacists physically. This becomes crucial in reducing healthcare disparities as we can ensure equitable access to pharmaceutical care for those in remote settings.

Examining public rural science high school teachers’ use of technology: portraiture in educational action research

ABSTRACT Recent initiatives in the Philippines, the site of this study, have stressed the importance of teachers engaging in education research, emphasizing its importance in professional progress. In this study, we employed the, sometimes characterized, ‘messiness’ of action research to reframe the relatively uncontrolled circumstances brought about by the wider implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) policies and initiatives in the context of science education. We draw from the first author’s overlapping identity as an insider-outsider-in-between in relation to the five science teacher-participants and their pre-to-post video production engagements and reflections during science video workshops throughout a 45-day fieldwork. We also draw on portraiture methodology to examine select science teachers’ challenges as they integrate ICT in their classes. Portraiture, with its emphasis on how people construct, co-construct, and characterize their lived experiences, offers researchers a set of approaches that offer a sense of participants’ agency, and to gain a better sense of their life experiences. With further analysis of participants’ interviews during the pre-to-post video production stages framed through the lenses of technological, pedagogical, content knowledge (TPACK) and funds of knowledge (FoK), this study offers three portraits of science teachers’ challenges. These portraits highlight teachers’ understandings of, and responses to Philippine government policy in ICT implemented in public and rural high schools in the country, teachers’ use of technology for their professional development, and their science teaching practices rooted in local knowledge.

Impact of innovation on firm performance via corporate entrepreneurship and the role of information and communication technology use

Impact of innovation on firm performance via corporate entrepreneurship and the role of information and communication technology use

Dual-Functional Transparent Projection Film with Privacy Protection via Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks.

Transparent projection screens are widely used across various industries for applications that require overlaying digital content onto real-world environments while maintaining high transparency. However, existing technologies face challenges in balancing transparency, projection quality, and privacy protection. In this work, a novel transparent projection screen is based on cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) polymer networks is developed. The CLC networks are designed and fabricated to have a small birefringence to achieve a narrow bandwidth. This allows a selective reflection of designed colors for full-color projection, while allowing other light to transmit. The CLC films, designed with multi-layer CLC networks, selectively reflect red, green, and blue light to achieve high-quality full-color projection while maintaining transparency. The tri-layer CLC film demonstrates an average transparency of 70.2% and a color gamut covering 112% of the sRGB standard, ensuring vibrant and accurate color reproduction. To incorporate privacy protection, a hexa-layer CLC structure is developed, reflecting ≈100% of RGB light and preventing interior light from escaping, while still allowing ambient outdoor light to pass through. This dual functionality highlights the potential of CLC-based transparent projection films for applications in secure communication, immersive displays, and advanced visual technologies where both transparency and privacy are essential.

Students’ Attendance Management System with Data Analytics using Near-field Communication Technology

The checking of students’ attendance is a tiresome activity on the part of the faculty when done manually. To mitigate some challenges encountered in the current process, the proponent developed a web-based attendance management system with data analytics using near-field communication technology. This study specifically aims to evaluate the performance of both manual and developed systems regarding usability, reliability, and performance efficiency. This study used mixed methods of research, such as developmental and descriptive-evaluative. The Agile Method was utilized throughout the development process of the system. At the same time, the descriptive-evaluative was employed to ensure that the system being developed was evaluated as to its performance using the adapted survey questionnaire from ISO 25010 Software Quality and Product Model. The data were treated using statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, and t-test to show specific findings and significant results. The study revealed a difference of 2.05 points in the overall mean of the two (2) attendance systems, and it shows that the majority of the respondents had seen the importance of the developed system. Further, the results also revealed a significant difference between the manual and the developed system, which indicates that the developed system is “so much useful,” “very reliable,” and “very efficient.”

Exploring teachers’ technology adoption: linking TPACK knowledge and UTAUT-3 constructs

For a number of years now, the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the education sector has grown significantly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between teachers' perceived usage of technology and the knowledge domains from the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework and the Universal Theory of Acceptance of Use of Technology (UTAUT-3) framework's constructs. This study used a quantitative research design. Participants in this study included in-service educators from both public and private secondary schools in Botswana. The results of this study demonstrated relationships between the UTAUT-3 components and the knowledge domains of TPACK teachers. There were favourable relationships between Performance Expectancy (PE) from UTAUT-3 and Technological Content Knowledge (PCK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Content Knowledge (CK), and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), technological content knowledge (TPCK), technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK), and CK. The findings also demonstrated that teachers' use and integration of technology in teaching and learning, as well as their behavioural intention to use it, were positively impacted, if weakly, by perceived ease of use as measured by Effort Expectancy (EE).

Implementation of laser speckle analysis for designing effective graded microwave absorbers

Abstract Laser speckle analysis is a highly sensitive, non-destructive optical technique that plays a crucial role in material surface analysis, particularly for designing of effective graded microwave absorber. Unique inherent features of laser speckle facilitates to characterize the surface and structural properties of any polymer blended fiber reinforced decorated with graphene nanoplatelets. The technique provides detailed insights into critical parameters such as surface roughness and micro structural uniformity essential for optimizing electromagnetic absorption and shielding performance. By enabling precise surface characterization, laser speckle analysis facilitates the tailored design of the composite’s graded architecture to achieve impedance matching and enhance microwave absorption. Experimental results reveal a strong correlation between laser speckle metrics with the surface roughness which influences the different microwave absorption properties such as reduced reflection coefficient approaching towards threshold reflection coefficient −20 dB over X-band frequency range. The speckle contrast reflects the surface texture of nanofiller material has perturbed surface enabling the high absorption followed by skin depth demonstrating superior performance as microwave absorber. This study underscores the indispensable role of laser speckle analysis in advancing efficient, lightweight, and sustainable microwave absorber as shielding material for aerospace, stealth, and communication technologies.

International Law in Islam: An Analysis of Its Theoretical Construction and Application in the Diplomacy of Muslim Countries

International law plays an important role in maintaining stability in interstate relations, including in the Islamic context which emphasises principles such as ukhuwah Islamiyah and the caliphate. This research aims to investigate the role of international law in Islam and its impact on the diplomacy of Muslim countries. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach, which includes the analysis of various sources such as books, journals, and international documents. The results show that in Islam, international legal theory is based on sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, Ijma’, Qiyas, Istihsan, and Maslahah Mursalah, with basic principles such as justice, equality, and state sovereignty. The concept of Islamic interstate relations includes dar al-Islam, dar al-Harb, and the laws of war and peace. While there are challenges in the application of Islamic international law, such as differences in interpretation and political dynamics, there are positive prospects for the future, including increased cooperation between states and advances in communication technology.

AN EXPLORATION OF THE IMPLICATION OF THE BURDEN OF MULTIPLE TAXATION ON THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR

The telecommunications services have witnessed exponential growth in the recent past. This is not unconnected with developments in Information and Communications Technology. Despite this growth, the telecommunications industry has been bedevilled with high and multiple taxation, the resultant effect of which has adversely hindered the overall development in the telecommunications sector. This paper therefore seeks to examine the issue of multiple taxation and how it has impacted on quality telecommunications services. The methodology employed in this paper is doctrinal with the use of both primary and secondary sources of law. The primary source includes statutory provisions and relevant judicial authorities while secondary source includes journal articles and other internet materials. It has been found that the adverse effects of multiple taxation on both the telecommunications service providers and subscribers are too enormous on quality telecommunications services. And this is, among others, as a result of multiple regulatory regime. The paper therefore recommended that all laws and regulations governing telecommunications services should be reviewed with a view to identifying unpleasant multiple regulatory regimes on taxation of telecommunications services and amend or repeal such laws and regulations in such a way to avoid multiple taxes of telecommunications services.

Beyond 50 Gbps 100 m visible light laser communication single-transmitter-multi-receiver system utilizing triple branch neural network

In the forthcoming 6 G communication era, traditional electromagnetic spectra are increasingly inadequate to meet growing demands. Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology offers a promising high-speed solution due to its flexible deployment and cost-effectiveness. However, long-distance VLC applications are challenged by factors such as atmospheric turbulence and nonlinear distortions. To address these issues, laser diodes (LDs) with high modulation bandwidth and reliable, easily deployable channel estimation techniques are essential. This paper presents what we believe to be a novel visible light laser communication (VLLC) single-transmitter-multi-receiver system utilizing red, green, and blue (RGB) laser diodes. We successfully achieved a 100-meter free-space transmission using time-domain hybrid huffman coding (TDHHC) combined with a triple branch neural network (TBNN) technique. The system attained transmission rates of 51.05 Gbps in turbulence-free conditions and 46.5 Gbps under strong turbulence, while maintaining a bit error rate (BER) below the stringent 3.8E-3 threshold specified by the 7% hard decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) standard. To our knowledge, this represents the highest data rate recorded in a 100 m tri-color VLLC system.

AI-Readiness in the Eating Disorders Field.

This commentary responds to the article by Linardon etal. which presents findings from a survey of eating disorder clinicians and people from the community in regard to their experiences and attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical eating disorder practice. This commentary explores the inevitability, benefits, risks, and opportunities provided by AI integration in eating disorder health care. Recommendations are provided for researchers, clinicians, health service providers, and Information and Communication Technology experts.