Communities In Cyberspace Research Articles

Keeping it real: A signaling theory perspective on authentic claims of gang membership made on social media

The advent of social media has transformed the landscape of street gang dynamics. Although existing research has documented gang members’ use of social media—including identity performance, rival taunting, promoting gang culture, and conflict de-escalation—it often lacks a theoretical foundation and process-oriented view of these digital interactions. This study advances a signaling timeline approach to fill this gap. We apply it to a case study of Chicago Latino gangs and qualitative content analysis performed on 2849 posts and thousands more replies and comments web-scraped from a public Facebook page. Our theoretical framework decodes the intricate language of gang communications on social media to uncover the mechanisms behind interpretations and perceptions of gang members’ authenticity and the reasons behind the public nature of what might otherwise be considered clandestine activities. Ultimately this research contributes to understanding the digital negotiation of gang dynamics, highlighting the strategic use of communication in cyberspace.

Empowering communication strategy for safe cyberspace: insights from trust-based quality information

Purpose The recent trends of managing how to achieve communication in a safe cyberspace have attracted the particular attention from scholars worldwide. The strategic initiative of having an active organization of communication pathways is required for further scholarly elaboration to enable a subsisting safe community in cyberspace. An example of the challenges is the issue of trust in information or questionable issues denoting lack of detail and clarity. Thus, this obviously refers to a dubious circumstance that needs to explain the situation on addressing the critical issue of trust-based quality information. To respond to such an apparent situation, this paper aims to critically explore the insightful value of trust in information as essential element of quality assurance. Such arranged strategy would enable individual capacity and accountability in achieving the efficient communication management for a safe cyberspace. Design/methodology/approach The study attempted a critical review of recent literature by analysing peer-reviewed articles from journals, books, proceedings and book chapters related to theme of communication management for safe cyberspace. Findings The finding reveals that the strategic approach of enabling effective communication management for safe cyberspace is actualized through advancing trust-based quality information. Originality/value This paper aims to contribute towards enhancing communication management for safe cyberspace by addressing issues relating to trust that would lead to the quality of information.

Cyberterrorism as a Real Threat to the National Security of the Russian Federation

Introduction. The rapid change of the real-world situation is affecting our lives at a global scale and at the time of Russia carrying out the special military operation in Donbass the issues of terrorism of any kind are becoming acute. Since the Cold War times our country has not confronted such a hard-line challenge inspired by the unlawful ideology. The cybersecurity challenges and threats have reached such a scale that from the beginning of the 21st century the discussions about the cybercrimes, information warfare and information terrorism have started in the Russian legal field. In this regard, there arises the need for a comprehensive and consistent study of the structural organisation of the today criminal terrorist cyberspace communities. This will enable determining the disseminating potential of the ideological propaganda via Internet (the information and communication network), revealing the scheme of financing the cyber attacks on the critical infrastructural state facilities, and studying the methods and technologies of executing the terrorist offences in cyberspace. The research on cyberterrorism is relevant due to the widespread implementation of the information technologies into the national economy and the state administration authorities’ activities, vulnerability of the software and hardware to cyber threats, development of the international hacker network, and the improved level of organisation of the modern terrorist communities. The aim of the research is to form understanding about cyberterrorism, identify the reasons and determine the specifics of the modern terrorism-oriented cybercrimes in the context of transition to the polycentric world order.Materials and methods. The objects of the research are cyberterrorism and social relations arising from the establishment and enforcement of the cyberterrorism countermeasures in the frame of the criminal law. When conducting the study, the dialectical method of cognition was used as the main one, the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as specific juridical methods, i.e. empirical (generalisation of judicial practice, criminal-statistical) and legalistic methods were applied.Results. The current state of cyberterrorism and its place in the structure of the terrorist offences encroaching on the national security of the Russian Federation have been analysed. The provisions of the cyberterrorism countering regulatory documents have been studied. Substantiated conclusions about the reasons for the emergence and dissemination of the terrorist offences in cyberspace have been made.Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions drawn as a result of the research aim to supplement and expand the scientific knowledge about the essence of cyberterrorism, the reasons for its emergence and functioning in the modern geopolitical conditions, cyberterrorism legal regulation in the frame of the criminal law, as well as to serve the platform for further scientific research in this field.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ В УМОВАХ ВИКЛИКІВ СУЧАСНОСТІ

Communication in cyberspace with the use of digital technologies reflects a global trend and more effective implementation of social relations in general, and in the business sector in particular. The use of digital technologies in business significantly accelerates the exchange of various information, which increases the efficiency of business processes, in particular through the use of digital marketing, online platforms for negotiations, transactions, etc. At the same time the digital world has another side, which conceals a number of threats to businesses and their owners. Digitalization is the formation of a sustainable communication system using digital technologies and cyberspace. Therefore the integration of physical and virtual environments creates preconditions for the emergence of threats, which are mostly concentrated in cyberspace. Ensuring the security of cyberspace in the face of today’s challenges is a highly relevant and at the same time complex issue that requires a comprehensive approach. The article outlines the construct of the organizational and legal mechanism which regulates the organization of the process of ensuring cybersecurity of socio-economic systems in the legal field and highlights the main theses which reflect the essence of its functioning. It has been noted that the purpose of the organizational and legal mechanism for ensuring cybersecurity is to organize the process of cyberspace protection through the use of the regulatory framework as a regulatory instrument and effective management of an economic entity’s resources. It has been suggested to base the formation of an effective organizational and legal mechanism on the idea of creating a global cyber security system as a guarantee of civilization development in the conditions of the latest technologies. It has been established that process of protecting cyberspace is carried out with the help of human and financial resources. Training of cybersecurity specialists is an extremely important component of the process of ensuring cybersecurity of socio-economic systems, since a high level of cyber specialist qualification increases the ability of society to withstand cyber threats. At the same time, ensuring the process of cyber specialists training and forming the necessary material and technical base for cyberspace protection require sufficient financial resources. In this context, the issue of state funding for strategic cyberspace defense programs is important. It has been suggested to carry out international cooperation within the framework of cyber defense which involves ratification of international treaties in the field of cybersecurity, implementation of certain (effective) international legal norms into the national legislation of Ukraine.

Live TikTok Library: Promosi On-Fleek untuk Pengalaman yang Semakin Seru

In the ever-evolving digital era, libraries increasingly face the challenge of remaining relevant and connected to a fast-moving society. To expand reach and increase engagement, libraries are now involving themselves in social media platforms, and one of them is TikTok. Libraries' use of the live TikTok feature is a progressive step in presenting information, promoting collections, and building communities in cyberspace. Live TikTok provides a dynamic platform for librarians to communicate in real-time with patrons. How can this development improve the library's On-Fleek Promotion concept in interacting with today's digital society? The research method used is qualitative with an observational approach. Data was collected through direct observation of library live broadcasts on TikTok, including interactions between librarians and users, the type of content presented, and user responses. Analysis is carried out by detailing the findings that emerge from these interactions. The research results show that TikTok's live feature provides an interactive platform for libraries to communicate directly with followers. Observations reveal that live TikTok is effective in building user engagement, especially through comments, likes, and virtual gifts. Librarians can actively respond to questions, provide book recommendations, and explain library services. By combining qualitative and observational research methods, this study provides an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of interactions in the library's live TikTok environment. The implications of these findings provide guidance for libraries in designing more effective content strategies and enriching user experiences on these social media platforms.

A community partitioning algorithm for cyberspace

Community partitioning is an effective technique for cyberspace mapping. However, existing community partitioning algorithm only uses the topological structure of the network to divide the community and disregards factors such as real hierarchy, overlap, and directionality of information transmission between communities in cyberspace. Consequently, the traditional community division algorithm is not suitable for dividing cyberspace resources effectively. Based on cyberspace community structure characteristics, this study introduces an algorithm that combines an improved local fitness maximization (LFM) algorithm with the PageRank (PR) algorithm for community partitioning on cyberspace resources, called PR-LFM. First, seed nodes are determined using degree centrality, followed by local community expansion. Nodes belonging to multiple communities undergo further partitioning so that they are retained in the community where they are most important, thus preserving the community’s original structure. The experimental data demonstrate good results in the resource division of cyberspace.

Multidiscursivity of Cyberbullying as the Epiphenomenon of Social Media Communication in a Screen Society

Communication modes have significantly changed in recent years. Digitalisation and cybernation of social, scientific and cultural life have caused the emergence of new forms and means of communication. That induces shaping some specific behavioural profiles and manifesting negative traits on the web that sociocultural shifts drive. Cyberbullying has become a highly unwelcome epiphenomenon in social media communication. The inevitable transformation of rapidly changing worldview paradigms, cultural sets and stereotypes actualise the processes determining it. Language reflects those processes and objectifies the modes of communication in cyberspace. They require new research strategies within an interdisciplinary approach. Nonverbal forms of cyberbullying are also fairly common; they combine with language structures to form syncretic patterns. The article discusses the theoretical bases of circulation of those patterns in the multimodal aspect as that approach moves beyond merely language analysis and reveals the polymorphism and multidiscursivity of online communication. Depending on the type of cyberbullying, using various verbal and nonverbal techniques may be of interest in controlling a cyberbully. Clarifying the strategies for representing cyberbullying contributes to a greater understanding of one of the most crucial aspects of social media communication. Keywords: Networking, Bullying, Cyberspace, Language, Multimodality, Internet

Conversation Modeling to Predict Derailment

Conversations among online users sometimes derail, i.e., break down into personal attacks. Derailment interferes with the healthy growth of communities in cyberspace. The ability to predict whether an ongoing conversation will derail could provide valuable advance, even real-time, insight to both interlocutors and moderators. Prior approaches predict conversation derailment retrospectively without the ability to forestall the derailment proactively. Some existing works attempt to make dynamic predictions as the conversation develops, but fail to incorporate multisource information, such as conversational structure and distance to derailment. We propose a hierarchical transformer-based framework that combines utterance-level and conversation-level information to capture fine-grained contextual semantics. We propose a domain-adaptive pretraining objective to unite conversational structure information and a multitask learning scheme to leverage the distance from each utterance to derailment. An evaluation of our framework on two conversation derailment datasets shows an improvement in F1 score for the prediction of derailment. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of incorporating multisource information for predicting the derailment of a conversation.

Corporate Cyber Security in Turkey Investigation Of Legal and Corporate Infrastructure : A Meta-Synthesis Study

Network technologies, which were created to serve military activities in the early days, have gained a civilized concept Network technologies, which were created to serve military activities in the early days, have gained a civilized concept structure after the cold war period. In this context, the opening of internet technologies to civilian use has also made the use of information networks widespread. The spread of information networks has accelerated the information transformation in the social, commercial, military and cultural fields on a global scale. As an effect of this transformation, individuals and institutions perform almost all of their data storage, data transfer, instant communication and service provision in cyberspace. Although this situation creates advantages in terms of time, cost and energy, it has also brought important risks and security gaps due to the emergence of many attack methods, especially data theft, for cyber security. In parallel with this result, cyber attack methods have increased rapidly over time due to the rapid movement brought about by technological developments and have become a much larger, complicated and difficult to notice structure. Cyber security mechanisms developed to defend against attacks that seriously threaten personal data, such as cyber attacks, are also dynamic, just like cyber attacks. Today, it has become a necessity for every institution to develop and implement effective cyber security methods in order to be protected from cyber attacks and threats by structuring their own information systems in digitalenvironments and to ensure the information and data security they have. Such unstoppable developments in technology result in the emergence of new types of threats to cyber security, just as it has been up to now. In this context, the sustainability and operability of cyber security mechanisms are essential. In the light of all this information, in this study, especially in the corporate field, the methods of activity that threaten cyber security, as well as legal and institutional infrastructures are discussed and the level of current cyber security awareness is tried to be determined. As the application dimension of the research, the format and standards determined by the Presidency Digital Transformation Office in military institutions and EYP-2.0 (Electronic Transformation) in the system in the background Correspondence Package) package examined and a demo of the relevant package program has been created. In addition to these issues, the methods that can be developed within the framework of cyber attacks and defense against these attacks are evaluated. It is foreseen that the study will contribute to the literature in this context and will be a useful resource for institutions and organizations in terms of gaining the functionality and sustainability of cyber security mechanisms. Keywords: Corporate Cyber Security, Legal and Institutional Infrastructures, Risk and Vulnerabilities, Cyber SecurityMechanisms.

Digital ethics in higher education: Modernizing moral values for effective communication in cyberspace

The digitalization of education is critical to transforming the education system in the face of the challenges of the post-pandemic technologized world. This research aims to determine the content of digital ethics and its role as a tool of effective communication in the cyberspace of each college, suitable for the practical solution of the assigned educational tasks. The data come from a questionnaire of 150 students and 60 faculty members in bachelor's and master's degree programs, conducted in April-May 2021 as part of a distance learning program. In addition, 30 administrators and 20 graduates were interviewed. The research results show that traditional moral values are undergoing significant change and must be modernized and codified. Relationships in the digital environment should be based on moral norms: duty, the self-discipline of the actors involved, mutual responsibility, and respect. The moral qualities displayed by individuals in the digital environment using digital technologies are the leading indicators of their professional suitability. The article mentions the main problems faced by the actors: digital literacy, personal image, place of implementation of pedagogical interaction, and rules of remote dialog. The study will contribute to further analysis and evaluation of the adequacy of specific measures taken by higher education institutions to develop and implement programs for ethical modernization of the educational process within the tasks of state educational reforms.

Corporate Cyber Security In Turkey Investigation of Legal and Corporate Infrastructure : A Meta-Synthesis Study

Network technologies, which were created to serve military activities in the early days, have gained a civilized concept structure after the cold war period. In this context, the opening of internet technologies to civilian use has also made the use of information networks widespread. The spread of information networks has accelerated the information transformation in the social, commercial, military and cultural fields on a global scale. As an effect of this transformation, individuals and institutions perform almost all of their data storage, data transfer, instant communication and service provision in cyberspace. Although this situation creates advantages in terms of time, cost and energy, it has also brought important risks and security gaps due to the emergence of many attack methods, especially data theft, for cyber security. In parallel with this result, cyber attack methods have increased rapidly over time due to the rapid movement brought about by technological developments and have become a much larger, complicated and difficult to notice structure. Cyber security mechanisms developed to defend against attacks that seriously threaten personal data, such as cyber attacks, are also dynamic, just like cyber attacks. Today, it has become a necessity for every institution to develop and implement effective cyber security methods in order to be protected from cyber attacks and threats by structuring their own information systems in digital environments and to ensure the information and data security they have. Such unstoppable developments in technology result in the emergence of new types of threats to cyber security, just as it has been up to now. In this context, the sustainability and operability of cyber security mechanisms are essential. In the light of all this information, in this study, especially in the corporate field, the methods of activity that threaten cyber security, as well as legal and institutional infrastructures are discussed and the level of current cyber security awareness is tried to be determined. As the application dimension of the research, the format and standards determined by the Presidency Digital Transformation Office in military institutions and EYP-2.0 (Electronic Transformation) in the system in the background Correspondence Package) package examined and a demo of the relevant package program has been created. In addition to these issues, the methods that can be developed within the framework of cyber attacks and defense against these attacks are evaluated. It is foreseen that the study will contribute to the literature in this context and will be a useful resource for institutions and organizations in terms of gaining the functionality and sustainability of cyber security mechanisms.

Media Sosial sebagai Sarana Pendidikan Politik oleh Pejabat Publik (Studi pada Akun Media Sosial Nur Hidayat Sardini)

Social media plays an important role as a means of education, including as a means of political education. The use of social media as a means of political education is not only carried out by educational institutions, the media and the government, but also personally by actors within the government, including public officials. The development of digital technology today is a means for effective channeling of opinions and ideas, even digitizing information, one of which is through social media, which can affect the development of democracy. In the socio-political context, massive communication in cyberspace is currently able to influence the understanding and political awareness of citizens to their political preferences, so it is not surprising that many public figures use social media from just providing political education to campaigning, including those who become public officials. such as Nur Hidayat Sardini who uses social media as a means of educating electoral politics. This paper aims to analyze the extent to which the role of Nur Hidayat Sardini's social media can be useful in providing electoral political education to his audience. This paper is the result of a short research using digital ethnography as a research method. Supporting data comes from online news research journal articles, and social media analysis. The results showed that Nur Hidayat Sardini as a public official in the circle of election organizers seemed to have consistently contributed in the field of political education, especially in discussions related to electoral politics, the content presented was also technically communicative and easily digested by the audience, as an assessment of his social media accounts. can also be used as a reference for general public education materials.

Жанр интернет-комментария: аксиологический аспект

The article presents the analysis of evaluation in the speech genre “Internet comment” and focuses on the ways and means of its expression. The research is based on the comments on Instagram (organization banned on the territory of the Russian Federation) posts about sports, namely figure skating. The authors of the article define two relevant factors determining axiological characteristics of the Internet comment: anonymity of Internet communication and the desire of many users to stand out from other commentators. The anonymity factor leads to a more frequent use of negative evaluation and more explicit ways of its expression: online communication gives users more freedom in expressing their opinions. Since for many people expressing their opinion is equivalent to expressing disagreement with an opposite point of view, negative evaluation in the analyzed Internet comments significantly prevails over positive evaluation. Furthermore, anonymous and remote communication in cyberspace provides a suitable environment for criticizing other people’s ideas neglecting etiquette rules obligatory for face-to-face communication. The general tendency towards rather negative attitudes in the analyzed Internet comments results in more various means of expressing negative evaluation compared with the ones of expressing positive evaluation because users criticizing an Internet post may try to find more original ways of articulating their views. Thus, the research revealed that positive evaluation is mostly expressed with the help of evaluative vocabulary whereas negative evaluation in the analyzed comments can be also expressed by means of specific vocabulary as well as rhetorical questions, rhetorical exclamations, metaphors, neologisms. Indirect means of expressing evaluation can draw more attention to a comment, foster linguistic persuasion which finally helps the author of an Internet comment stand out from the crowd.

Studying the effects of sense of belonging to virtual communities in psychological well-being and adjustment to academic setting

The literature has shown a direct relationship between the psychological sense of belonging with psychological well-being and academic involvement in physical communities. However, new technologies have favored the formation of communities in cyberspace, with scarce research at the university level addressing their impact. For this reason, an ex post facto study has been designed with the aim of knowing the relationship between the psychological sense of belonging to virtual communities with psychological well-being, with academic involvement, academic satisfaction, and the perception of justice of the academic outcomes. In addition, the possible influence of the gender factor was considered. 1,035 undergraduate students from Spanish universities responded to the Scale of Psychological Sense of Community in Virtual Groups (SCGV), to the Scale of Psychological Well-being (EBP) and to an ad hoc instrument designed to measure academic involvement, academic satisfaction and perception of justice of the academic outcomes. The results revealed that the successful virtual sense of belonging is related to greater subjective, economic and academic well-being, while increasing academic participation, academic satisfaction and the perception of justice of the academic outcomes. Moreover, the influence of the gender factor was also found, as it revealed greater academic well-being in women and differences in academic participation between men and women. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of the benefits for the students of integration and participation in virtual academic communities for the well-being, academic involvement, academic satisfaction and perception of justice of the academic outcomes.

Информационно-психологическое противодействие экстремизму в киберпространстве

The article deals with the problem of spreading extremist ideas through modern means of communication and, fi rst of all, through the information and communication network Internet. The Internet has become an integral part of people’s everyday life, the possibility of active communication in cyberspace, which, in addition to the creative component, has a destructive one, creating a threat of infection with the ideas of extremism, as well as the involvement of criminal groups in extremist activities. On the example of social networks, ways of spreading and infecting with the ideas of extremism are shown. The specifi cs of mediated interaction in the virtual space, as well as the possibilities of creating forms, transferring, evaluating information that take place in social networks, provide certain opportunities for extremist criminals to identify and involve potential victims in criminal activities. The paper also analyzes the psychological characteristics of one of the risk groups for involvement in extremist activities — young people. In addition to the agerelated psychological characteristics of this group, its representatives are also the most active users of social networks, which further increases the vulnerability to extremist information and psychological impact. The paper presents the psychological characteristics of persons convicted of extremist activities. Ways are proposed to counter the spread of extremist ideas in the information space.

How emotional communication happens in social media: Predicting “Arousal-Homophily-Echo” emotional communication with multi-dimensional features

Pervasive emotional expression in cyberspace has increased uncertainties and brought challenges to governance. The occurrence mechanism of emotional communication can provide more ideas to tackle such problems. This study proposed the “Arousal-Homophily-Echo” model with multi-dimensional features as a frame of fine-grained research practice. The model divided Emotional Communication into three levels and we provided their definitions and measurements. Then we creatively combined machine learning and its interpretability to predict and explain how emotional communication happens. The data of the online public discussion on a representative incident was used to fit the prediction models, based on which we summarized important features and analyzed their influences. The optimal prediction models can be utilized to evaluate and monitor crisis communication in cyberspace, while the specific influences of important factors can guide the intervention strategies to alleviate adverse effects of emotional communication.

Cyber Muslims

This new book is a study of Islam in the digital world, containing a collection of scientific articles written by 16 scholars about the increasingly interesting and complex phenomena of the global Islamic world. Most of the authors teach at various universities in the United States and Canada (North America), and the editor of this volume is Robert Rosehnal, Professor in the Department of Religion Studies and Founding Director of the Center for Global Islamic Studies at Lehigh University, Pennsylvania, USA.
 
 This interdisciplinary volume highlights cutting-edge research with unique perspectives and new insights into the evolving Islamic cyber landscape, presenting case studies from multiple geographic and cultural locations, and multiple languages ​​(Arabic, Persian, Indonesian and Spanish). The main sources of the authors, the analysis and interpretation they use is digital multimedia technology. These “virtual texts” include websites, podcasts, blogs, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, online magazines and discussion forums, and religious apps. Websites and social media platforms are living “texts” that are constantly evolving, shrinking, changing, and even disappearing, leaving no trace. In this sense, this book needs to be seen as a portrait—or, rather, a screenshot—of the complex and deformed cyber world of Islam at some point in its ongoing evolution. This book explores widely the digital expression of various Muslim communities in cyberspace, or iMuslims, related to the world of imams, clerics, and Sufis, feminists and fashionistas, artists and activists, spiritualists and online influencers. Several articles map the diversity and vibrancy of Islamic digital media against the backdrop of broader social trends in particular hot issues affecting Muslims living in Western countries: racism and Islamophobia, gender dynamics, celebrity culture, identity politics, and fashions of piety, and changing religious practices. The case studies presented in this book cover a wide cultural and geographical area, namely Indonesia, Iran, the Arab Middle East, and North America.

The Effects of Facebook on Use Intention

Given the changes of time and advances in technology, cyberspace communities have gradually become the platform of content and information integration. Internet users enhances their interpersonal relationships and establish themselves multiple identities on the Internet in order to gain a sense of self-fulfilling achievement. This research applies questionnaires to collect data and targets Facebook users. The result shows four primary factors that exert positive influences on Facebook users’ Internet relationships and motivations, namely, self-disclosure, interpersonal needs, entertainment and leisure, and societal impact. This research can become a useful reference for future studies and Internet businesses on how users’ motivations can strengthen the versatility of the Internet community in self-disclosure, interpersonal needs, entertainment and leisure, and interpersonal relationship, in order to draw up strategies on promoting users’ motivation and loyalty

Netholism and Technological Interference as Manifestations of Communication in the Digital Environment

The Internet, communication in cyberspace, digital technologies and smart devices have a stable place in the educational process moreover due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They bring several advancements and benefits, quick search for current information and their immediate availability. In addition to the positives, there are several risks associated with the Internet, which are even more dramatic in connection with technological interference, in which users of technologies and the Internet are disturbed through various applications or notifications. One of the extremely significant risks is the phenomenon of netholism, which is gaining even more risk in connection with the educational process, as its negative consequences in this area (multitasking, procrastination, problems with concentration, comprehension of texts, etc.) are proven, especially among university students. It can be confirmed that the Internet causes a certain transformation in human cogitation, the way of thinking and perception. The aim of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of netholism and its impact on the education of university students from a theoretical and empirical point of view. The research sample consists of 785 respondents, qualitative methods (phenomenological and hermeneutic approach) and a quantitative research strategy in the form of a questionnaire were used. The findings of the research are presented verbally and graphically, in the conclusion, proposals are formulated to improve the current situation with an appeal to media education and literacy.

Legal Protection For The Community In Cyber Space Through Regulation Forming With The Omnibus Mehtod

ABSTRACT
 This study examines the laws and regulations in Indonesia that contain material related to cyberspace. The goal to be achieved is to provide a detailed description of the problems contained in laws and regulations, especially at the level of laws related to cyberspace, their implications in people's lives, and appropriate concepts to solve these problems. The method used is normative legal research with a state approach. The results of this study indicate that there is regulatory obesity that regulates cyberspace in Indonesia. There are 30 regulations at the statutory level. Moreover, the content material contained in it is still general in nature and has not been integrated with one another. This fact creates legal uncertainty in the realm of implementation, creating loopholes that can be exploited by irresponsible parties to carry out cyber crimes, such as the spread of negative content, cyber attacks, hacking and theft of personal data. The rise of crimes that occur in cyberspace is very detrimental to the wider community, disrupts security and public order, and even threatens the resilience of the state. Therefore, it is necessary to reform in the realm of law, namely by applying the omnibus method to draft universal sweeping laws that can integrate legal norms in many laws effectively and efficiently.
 Keywords: Legal Protection, Cyberspace, Regulatory Obesity, Omnibus Method
 
 ABSTRAK
 Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang memuat materi terkait ruang siber. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai yaitu memberi gambaran secara detail mengenai problematika yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, terutama di tingkat undang-undang yang terkait dengan ruang siber, implikasinya dalam kehidupan masyarakat, dan konsep yang sesuai untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan ialah penelitian hukum normatif (normative legal research) dengan pendekatan undang-undang (statue approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi obesitas regulasi yang mengatur ruang siber di Indonesia. Regulasi tersebut berjumlah 30 di tingkat undang-undang. Terlebih, materi muatan yang terkandung di dalamnya masih bersifat general dan belum terintegrasi satu sama lain. Kenyataan yang demikian itu menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum di ranah implementasi, sehingga menimbulkan celah yang dapat dieksploitasi oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab untuk melancarkan kejahatan siber, seperti penyebaran konten negatif, serangan siber, peretasan dan pencurian data pribadi. Maraknya kejahatan yang terjadi di ruang siber sangat merugikan masyarakat luas, mengganggu keamanan dan ketertiban umum, bahkan mengancam ketahanan negara. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan reformasi di ranah undang-undang yaitu dengan menerapkan metode omnibus untuk merancang undang-undang sapu jagat yang dapat mengintegrasikan norma-norma hukum dalam banyak undang-undang secara efektif dan efisien.
 Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Ruang Siber, Obesitas Regulasi, Metode Omnibus