Common Radio Resource Management Algorithms Research Articles

Common Radio Resource Management Algorithms in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks with KPI Analysis

The rapid increase of number of personal wireless communication equipped devices boosts the user service demands on wireless networks. Thus, the spectrum resource management in such networks becomes an important topic in the near future. Notwithstanding, typically, users equipped with multiple wireless interfaces, thus the access operational scenario is no longer based on single Radio Access Technology (RAT). In this work, we studied the heterogeneous wireless communication scenarios, as a joint cooperative management of different RATs through which network providers can satisfy as possible as wide variety of user services demands in a more efficient manner by exploiting their varying characteristics and properties. To achieve this objective, a Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) algorithms and techniques are proposed and designed to efficiently manage and optimize the radio resources in a heterogeneous wireless networks. In this context, this work studies and analyzes some common radio resource management techniques to efficiently distribute traffic among the available radio access technologies while provid- ing adequate quality of service levels under heterogeneous traffic scenarios. The most interesting algorithms have been critically analyzed and then some in depth investigations with attention on implementations and techno-economic issues are performed on some of the identified CRRM algorithms.

Performance Analysis of the Intelligent Mobility Optimization CRRM Approach Using a Markovian Chain Model

Due to the increasing demand of wireless services, mobile technology has rapidly progressed towards the fourth generation (4G) networking paradigm. This generation will be heterogeneous in nature and it can be achieved through the integration of different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) over a common platform. Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) was proposed to manage radio resource utilization in heterogeneous wireless networks and to provide required Quality of Service (QoS) for allocated calls. RAT selection algorithms are an integral part of the CRRM algorithms. Their role is to decide, when a new or Vertical Handover (VHO) call is requested, which of the available RATs is most suitable to fit the need of the incoming call and when to admit them. This paper extends our earlier work on the proposed intelligent hybrid mobility optimization RAT selection approach which allocates users in high mobility to the most suitable RAT and proposes an analytical presentation of the proposed approach in a multi- dimensional Markov chain model. A comparison for the performance of centralized load-balancing, distributed and the proposed intelligent mobility optimization algorithms is presented in terms of new calls blocking probability, VHO calls dropping probability, users' satisfactions probability, average networks load and average system throughput. Simulation and analytical results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the centralized load- balancing and distributed algorithms.

Intelligent Hybrid Cheapest Cost and Mobility Optimization RAT Selection Approaches for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

The evolution of wireless networks has led to the deployment of different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) such as UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Mobile Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) which are integrated through a common platform. Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) was proposed to manage radio resource utilization in heterogeneous wireless networks and to provide the required Quality of Service (QoS) for allocated calls. RAT selection algorithms are an integral part of the CRRM algorithms. Their role is to decide, when a new or Vertical Handover (VHO) call is requested, which of the available RATs is most suitable to fit the need of the incoming call and when to admit them. This paper extends our earlier work on the proposed intelligent mobility optimization and proposes an intelligent hybrid cheapest cost RAT selection approach which aims to increase users’ satisfaction by allocation users that are looking for cheapest cost connections to a RAT that offers the cheapest cost of service. A comparison for the performance of centralized load-balancing, proposed and distributed cheapest cost and mobility optimization algorithms is presented. Simulation results show that the proposed intelligent algorithms perform better than the centralized load-balancing and the distributed algorithms.

Performance Analysis of an Improved Common Radio Resource Management Algorithm Based on Load Balance and Service Characteristics

In order to provide users with satisfactory quality of service and reduce service cost as much as possible, a key issue is how to manage radio resources reasonably and effectively in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs). Based on load balance and service characteristics, a common radio resource management (CRRM) algorithm for HWNs consisting of CDMA2000 and IEEE802.11 is proposed. The proposed algorithm selects appropriate access and handoff networks for new and handoff calls respectively, according to users' mobility characteristic, location information, service type and network load. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed based on a three-dimensional Markov chain model. Based on the HWNs model and handoff rate analysis, the model's parameters are determined. In order to resolve the steady-state distribution of the three-dimensional Markov model, successive over-relaxation iteration method is adopted to work out steady state equations. According to the steady state probabilities of the Markov model, the closed formulas of HWNs performance metrics are given to evaluate the proposed CRRM algorithm, e.g. call blocking probability, handoff blocking probability, throughput, and service cost. For the purpose of illustrating advantages of the proposed algorithm, two other CRRM algorithms are employed for comparison. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce call blocking probability, and improve HWNs throughput.

Common Radio Resource Management Algorithms for Multimedia Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Heterogeneous wireless systems are envisaged as the integration and joint cooperative management of diverse radio access networks and technologies through which network providers can satisfy the wide variety of user/service demands in a more efficient manner by exploiting their varying characteristics and properties. To achieve this objective, a key tool is common radio resource management technique designed to jointly manage the radio resources from different radio access technologies. In this context, this work proposes and optimizes new common radio resource management techniques designed to efficiently distribute traffic among the available radio access technologies while providing adequate quality of service levels under heterogeneous traffic scenarios. The obtained results demonstrate the ability of the proposed solutions to provide high user/service satisfaction levels while adequately exploiting the overall system resources.

A hybrid simulation framework for the evaluation of common radio resource management scenarios

We present a hybrid modeling framework with interacting simulative and analytic submodels for the efficient evaluation of common radio resource management (CRRM). It enables a cost–benefit investigation of different CRRM algorithms and architectures. Centralized as well as decentralized scenarios can be clearly defined by five standard components, namely the radio access system, the environment, the user equipment, the CRRM information manager, and the CRRM decider. The costs and time consumption of CRRM operations are taken into account via chargeable messages. The clarity of the model enables an efficient investigation of CRRM algorithms based on optimization theory, game theory, physical models, and other methods. The resulting framework has been implemented as a hybrid simulation model using the discrete event simulation system OMNeT++. A convenient and straightforward integration of different wireless network technologies and user service demands is also supported; models for the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) and the global system for mobile communications/enhanced general packet radio service (GSM/EGPRS) are already integrated. The scope of the proposed framework is demonstrated by the evaluation of realistic scenarios.

A Cost Function Model for CRRM over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Heterogeneous cellular networks performance is usually analysed by taking several Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) into account, their proper balance being required in order to guarantee a desired Quality of Service (QoS). An approach to simplify and integrate a set of KPIs into a single one is presented, by using the proposed Cost Function model that includes these KPIs, providing a single evaluation parameter as output, and reflecting network conditions and Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) strategies performance. This paper proposes a Cost Function that enables the implementation of different CRRM algorithms and policies, by manipulating KPIs according to user's or operator's perspectives, allowing for a better QoS. Results show that different policies can in fact be established, with a different impact on the network, e.g., with median values ranging by a factor higher than two.

Energy and connectivity performance of routing groups in multi‐radio multi‐hop networks

AbstractThis paper explores the logical device aggregation of terminals in future generation networks, where the availability of several different radio access techniques is integrated by means of common radio resource management algorithms. In particular, we investigate the creation of routing groups (RGs) among adjacent nodes, which might be beneficial in order to improve connectivity, decrease signaling overhead and increase transmission efficiency. A simple analytical approach is proposed, which allows the performance evaluation of device aggregation algorithms. We measure the performance of establishing RGs with special focus on two metrics of interest: the connectivity of the nodes and the energy consumption. Within this framework, many detailed insights are obtained and presented throughout the paper. In particular, we focus on the effectiveness of these aggregation techniques in improving network connectivity and on the cost incurred in getting the extra information needed to build and maintain group structures. In the final part of the paper, we provide simulation results which further validate our discussion and highlight additional aspects that are to be considered in real scenarios. Our work is a first step in the investigation of the effectiveness of in‐network aggregation of terminals equipped with multiple radio technologies. The results derived in the paper are encouraging and motivate further research on the topic. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The common RRM approach to admission control for converged heterogeneous wireless networks

As the wireless environment becomes ever more populated and complex, individual networks offering single or restricted services will become ever more uncompetitive. Common radio resource management algorithms and strategies are used in heterogeneous or converged wireless networks to integrate multiple physical radio interfaces to support different levels of data rates, mobility, and traffic. Admission control in a common RRM environment is used to select the most appropriate wireless access based on service type, user preference, and network load. This is used to provide a balance between real-time and non-real-time traffic across the available access technologies. The development of common radio resource management strategies requires a suitable platform of coupled access networks and is the motivation behind the development of a converged wireless test platform. The tightly coupled platform supports voice and data call setup and delivery over UMTS and WLAN