Common Lip Research Articles

Lip Print Pattern among Children Visiting Dental Out patient department.

Lip print patterns are unique in every individual. The uniqueness of lip print pattern assists in the personal identification. The objectives of the present study were to study the different lip print patterns among the children visiting Kanti Children's Hospital, and to compare the distribution of lip print patterns based on gender and race. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 children visiting the Dental Outpatient Department of Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Convenience sampling method was used to choose the study subjects. Digital photography method was used to record the image of lips. The study showed 'Long vertical' (Type I) as the most frequent (41%) type of lip print pattern, whereas 'Unspecified' (Type V) was the least frequent (2.7%) type. Prevalence of 'Type I' pattern was significantly higher in males as compared to females (p=0.007) whereas prevalence of 'Type IV' pattern was significantly higher in females as compared to males (p=0.006). 'Type I' pattern was the commonest lip print pattern among both Caucasians and Mongolian, whereas 'Type V' (2%) and 'Type IV' (3.7%) were the least common lip print patterns in Caucasians and Mongolian children respectively. 'Long vertical' (Type I) was the most common lip print pattern among the children visiting the Dental Outpatient Department of Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Nevertheless, in higher or lesser numbers, all kinds of lip print patterns as described by Suzuki and Tsuchihashi were seen in the study population.

Estimating the Age of an Individual by Analyzing the Lip Print through Suzuki and Tsuchihashi's Classification

A forensic examination method called cheiloscopy uses the ridges and grooves on lips to distinguish between forensic instances and those that are not. The goal of the study is to identify the common lip print pattern and its variations across different age groups using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi's kinds classification. Totally 180 participants were split into three age groups (Groups 1: 21–30, Group 2: 31–40, and Group 3: 41–50). The study area is located in a small part of Puducherry. Subsequently, the lip prints were photographed and stored for digital analysis. To enhance visualization, the lip print photographs were uploaded onto Adobe Photoshop 2019, and filters were applied to identify the patterns. Concluding this study, the identification of age groups among individuals might be facilitated through the recognition of these six patterns. This capability will aid in categorizing people in the event of a disaster or explosive case. Since every person has a unique lip print, it is elementary to identify, document, and analyze these patterns when using digital picture analysis.

An association between Landsteiner-Rhesus typing of blood and cheiloscopy among female students in Bengaluru Rural: Forensic Medicine perspective

Introduction: Cheiloscopy is the term used for the study and analysis of lip impressions. In the field of forensics, identification is of utmost importance.Objective: To study the relationship between lip prints and blood groups in female students in rural Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.Materials: Lip prints and blood groups were obtained and recorded using cotton swabs, lipstick, antisera for slide agglutination test, slides, lancelets, sanitizer, and hand towels.Methods: 189 students from the MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital participated after giving informed written consent. By applying cello tape to lips that had been painted with lipstick and then affixing the tape to the proforma sheet, the lip prints were collected. Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification was used to categorize the same. The slide agglutination method was used to determine the blood group. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test. P value of 0.05 was considered of statistical significance.Results: Type II or branching type was the most common lip print in our study. Most individuals (181 out of 189 participants) belonged to the Rh-positive blood group. The study participants with blood type O were the most commonly seen. Association between type II lip print and blood group O were found to be the most common.Conclusions: This research shows the relationship between cheiloscopy and blood groups. These are frequently discovered evidence at a scene of the crime and are crucial for identification.

The scientometric characteristics of cheilitis researched by multidisciplinary specialists: A comparative study

Background/purposeCheilitis is a relatively common lip disease with many etiologies and causes including concomitant mucocutaneous or systemic diseases, which needs multidisciplinary communication. The purpose of this study was to compare the scientometric characteristics of cheilitis publications by multidisciplinary specialists. Materials and methodsAll the papers on cheilitis were comprehensively retrieved from the Scopus database, and divided into three groups (dermatologists, stomatologists, and other scholars). ResultsThere were 478 and 241 papers on cheilitis published by dermatologists and stomatologists, respectively. The total citation count was 5838 and the h index was 36 for cheilitis publications by dermatologists, and the total count was 2983 and the h index was 27 for cheilitis publications by stomatologists. Interestingly, we observed that dermatologists preferentially concerned contact cheilitis/dermatitis and plasma cell cheilitis, while stomatologists preferentially concerned cheilitis-related lip neoplasms including squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia, and precancerous conditions. The most common disorder researched by both dermatologists and stomatologists was actinic cheilitis. The keywords such as patch test, cosmetic, edema, drug efficacy, toothpaste, lipstick, allergens, and granulomatous inflammation were common in dermatologists' publications; while the keywords such as protein expression, metabolism, risk factor, prevalence, malignant transformation, and carcinogenesis were common in stomatologists’ publications. ConclusionThis study for the first time reported the scientometric characteristics of cheilitis as an interdisciplinary disease researched by specialists. It highlights that cheilitis-related specialists through reciprocal collaboration and communication will improve the patients’ outcomes.

Lip morphometry and morphologic pattern variation by ethnicity.

The aim of this research is to document and classify common lip print patterns and lip measurements, to evaluate their variations in Polish, Russian, Lithuanian women populations. 371 women (151 Lithuanians, 145 Poles, 75 Russians) from Vilnius University participated in this research. A questionnaire and lip print collection were administered. Each lip print was divided into six sextants, examined and classified. 120 women were photographed by Vectra M3 3D (Canfield Imaging Systems, USA) camera, lip morphometry was analyzed. In all lip print sextants, Type I was the most common among Lithuanians, Type III - among Polish and Type V - among Russian women. A statistically significant difference was found between Type I lip print pattern and Lithuanian ethnicity (p = 0.001) and Type III and Polish ethnicity (p = 0.015). The values of medial vertical height of cutaneous upper lip (p = 0.045), height of upper lip (p = 0.034), philtrum width (p = 0.020), height of lower vermilion (p = 0.015), upper lip vermilion area (p = 0.022), upper lip volume (p = 0.034) and total lip volume (p = 0.05) statistically significantly varied between the ethnicities. Morphometric findings were similar to other morphometric research on Caucasians.

Venous Tributaries of the Lip: Implications for Lip Filler Injection.

Demand for lip filler injection continues to increase. Despite the current literature's acknowledgement of the role both venous and arterial vasculature play in minor and major side effects, research addressing the venous vasculature of the lower one-third of the face is scarce. A photographic analysis of the venous vasculature of 26 participants was performed using a vein transilluminator to display the venous flow around the perioral region. The data were analyzed for commonalities among participants and then compared with common lip filler injection techniques and locations. Venous tributaries were identified in all patients, with slight variation in pattern, superior to the upper vermilion border between the nasolabial fold and philtral column on each side of the mouth. Venous tributaries were noted approximately 1 to 1.5 cm lateral to the oral commissures extending inferiorly to the chin and along the labiomental crease. Four areas of venous pooling were deemed significant: a small area approximately 2 mm superior to the Cupid's bow, along the middle tubercle of the upper lip, along the wet-dry line of the lower lip; and centrally along the vermilion border between the lower lip tubercles. Perioral venous mapping provides a guide for injectors performing lip enhancement procedures in identifying areas at risk for injury because of venous pooling. Avoiding these anatomically vulnerable regions can minimize the potential for inflammation and ecchymosis associated with intravenous injection and prevent dissatisfactory aesthetic results because of lumps, excessive bruising, swelling, or asymmetry.

High sensitivity CIP2A detection for oral cancer using a rapid transistor-based biosensor module.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common lip and oral cavity cancer types. It requires early detection via various medical technologies to improve the survival rate. While most detection techniques for OSCC require testing in a centralized lab to confirm cancer type, a point of care detection technique is preferred for on-site use and quick result readout. The modular biological sensor utilizing transistor-based technology has been leveraged for testing CIP2A, and optimal transistor gate voltage and load resistance for sensing setup was investigated. Sensitivities of 1 × 10-15 g/ml have been obtained for both detections of pure CIP2A protein and HeLa cell lysate using identical test conditions via serial dilution. The superior time-saving and high accuracy testing provides opportunities for rapid clinical diagnosis in the medical space.

Cross-Sectional Study of Sexual Dimorphism in Lip Prints among Students Doing a Professional Course in Bengaluru

Background: Identification of human beings forms the basis of any criminal investigation. Lip print study, also known as cheiloscopy is the study of patterns formed by the ridges and grooves on the external surface of lips. This study aims to classify lip prints and study its correlation to sex. Methodology: 205 student participants who volunteered were included in this study of which females were 123 and males were 82. A food safe pigment was applied to the lips. Over this pigment, the glued portion of the cellophane tape strip was placed and the subject was asked to make a lip impression in the normal rest position of the lips by dabbing it in the centre first and then pressing it uniformly toward the corners of the lips. The cellophane strip was then stuck to the white chart paper for permanent record purpose, then visualized by magnifying lens and analysed quadrant wise.Conclusion The most common lip print in the upper lip was found to be type 3 and in the lower lip was found to be type 4. Statistically significant difference with respect to sex was observed in first quadrant only (p = 0.01) and not in others.

A description of lip print pattern and lip shapes in children’s and their parents among Abbottabad population in KPK, Pakistan.

Objective: To assess for any peculiar lip prints in relation to the lip shapes of individual, and determine the most common lip print type among the members of biological families. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Women Medical & Dental College, Abbottabad. Period: January 2018 to June 2018. Material & Methods: A total of 216 individuals (father, mother, both children’s), who underwent descriptive study of lip impression collection without any anesthesia or drug, were enrolled into the present study. Father, mother and two babies of each family were selected. Lip prints of Father, mother and both babies of each family were recorded. Each lip of 54 offspring’s was compared with the corresponding lip of his/her father mother and other baby. The segments of each lip of the offspring’s that matched/ resembled with either of father mother and biological babies were recorded. Results: Out of 54-total families, biological babies of 19(35.18%) families observed resemblance with father, whereas biological babies of 35(64.81%) families observed resemblance with mother. There was no definite identical lip print observed in any of the children. Furthermore, the prevalence of Type II lip prints was higher type present in males and in females. We observed that lip shape 7 was the most frequent lip shape type in most of individuals. Conclusion: Lip prints of study participants did not clearly match with each other, evenly distributed in both genders and distinctive similar to finger prints. The data did not show any specific association of the lip print type with lip shape. It is considered feasible to apply lip prints features in personal identification.

Cheiloscopy - A Tool For Identification in Twins

Introduction : Lip prints are an adjuvant tool for identification in forensic medicine. The grooves onthe lips have discrete characteristics to make it different from one other. This study was conductedon 24 pairs of twins out of which 22 pairs were Monozygotic twins and 2 pairs were Dizygotictwins. Dizygotic twins are unique in all aspects while Monozygotic twins are similar phenotypicallyand genotypically. The objective of this study is to find the most common pattern in the twins , thecommonest pattern among the male and female twins and to know the variations in the pattern of lipprints among Monozygotic and Dizygotic twins.Materials and Methods: A lipstick, drawing chart and magnifying lens were the materials used torecord the imprints of the lips. A four compartment method with a clockwise direction approach wasused and the analysis was done based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification.Results: The present study shows Type 1’ was the most common lip prints observed among the 24pairs of twins. This pattern was predominantly present in the right lower lip quadrant. Out of the studysubjects of 24 pairs of twins, 38 were males and 10 were females in which Type I ‘ is common in malesand type I is common in females. Among the monozygotic twins those which had < 50 % resemblancewere 14 pairs, 50% resemblance were 6 pairs, >50% resemblance were 2 pairs in which Type is thecommonest. Among the dizygotic twins, both the pairs were totally different from each other yet Typewas the common pattern.Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the lip print patterns among monozygotic twins, though similaritieswere prevailing between them , they are not identical .Whereas among dizygotic twins both the pairs oftwins are unique. Hence Lip print can be utilized as a differentiating tool for identification.

Prevalence and Clinicopathologic Features of Lip Lesions based on Biopsy

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of lip lesions for early diagnosis and suitable treatment of patients. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study on158 patients with lip lesions whose information was recorded in the Department of Pathology of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital from 2008-2012. Then the data were analyzed bySPSS software ver. 16, Chi- Square and Fisher’s Exact Test. In this study p-value was considered significant (P<0.05). Results: This study was performed on 158 cases (77 male and 81 female) with age ranged of 4-93 years. From those, 44 had malignant and 114 had benign lesions. The most common malignancy in this study was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC), respectively. In benign lesions reactive ones, benign tumors and inflammatory lesions were more common, respectively. Conclusion: The most common lip lesions were generally benign tumors, involving the lower lip. In addition, the incidence of malignant lesions was directly related to aging. For this purpose, in any elderly person with a lip lesion, specially squamous cell carcinoma, must first be ruled out.

A Study of Cheiloscopic Pattern in Relation to Gender and Blood Groups in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Chennai

Personal identification is of vital importance in forensic odontology for ethical, humanitarian and criminalenquiries. The applicability of Cheiloscopy ( study of pattern of lip print), one of the easiest tools availablein individual and medicolegal identification, is an area of extensive research in recent years. With theobjective to investigate the uniqueness of lip patterns in relation to gender and blood groups, this study wasconducted on 100 subjects, which included 50 males and 50 females. The lip prints obtained were studiedby applying Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification.Type 2 (37%) was the most common lip print type inmales and Type 3 (38.5%) was the most common lip print type in females. The Lower lip print can helpin gender determination. No significant statistical correlation was found between the lip print patterns andblood group. Along with the traditional methods of identification like fingerprint analysis,Cheiloscopy canalso be helpful in the identification of a person.However, the utility of the same in forensic medicine stillremains largely untapped and unacknowledged. Similar studies with larger sample sizes are required toobtain statistically significant reports thereby allowing a more impactful emergence of lip print patternsusage in forensic analysis.

Recurrent Herpes Labialis in Children and Dental Health Workers

One of the most common lip lesions pediatricians and pedodontists may encounter is recurrent herpes labialis. Herpes Virus Type 1 is from the herpes virus family. Contact with infectious secretions of the mucosa of the mouth, skin, and eyes can lead to primary infection. Primary HSV-1 infections are subclinical and generally occur in children, teenagers, and young adults. Reactivation of the virus can cause an asymptomatic release of the virus into saliva and oral secretions, which is itself an important risk factor for the transmission of the disease. Herpetic whitlow, recurrent herpes labialis, and herpes keratitis are usually caused by reactivation of this virus. Recurrent herpes labialis infection is a potential professional risk for oral health care workers. The purpose of this letter was to inform health professionals about the clinical symptoms, complications, and treatment of the herpes virus.

Patterns of Lip Print and Fingerprint in Gender Identification: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Personal identification is one of the key areas in the forensic sciences. A combination of different simple and easily available methods such as lip prints and fingerprints can be used for human identification. Our objective was to analyze the types of lip print and fingerprint patterns in dental students and to identify if they were associated with gender.
 Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in 150 students (male: female 1:1), aged between 17 to 34 years, from Kantipur Dental College. The lip print and fingerprint patterns were recorded and interpreted based on the Tsuchihashi and Michael Kucken classification respectively.
 Results: The most common lip print pattern was intersected type (44, 29.3%), while the least common was undetermined type (7, 4.7%). The intersected lip pattern (23, 30.7%) was most prevalent in males and the vertical pattern (28, 37.3%) was most prevalent in females (p < 0.05). The loop-type (82, 54.7%) fingerprint pattern was the most common while the arch-type (19, 12.7%) was the least common. The most common fingerprint pattern in both sexes was loop pattern (38, 50.7%).
 Conclusions: The type of lip print pattern holds potential promise as a supplementary tool for gender identification. However, fingerprint pattern was not associated with gender.

17136 Dermoscopic patterns on the lips of children living at 3600 m above sea level and 0° latitude

Background: Most common lip lesions in children include cheilitis simplex and exfoliative cheilitis. When pigmented lesions are found, benign melanotic macules, melanotic macules associated syndromes, pigmented eczematous cheilitis, drug reactions or malignancies should be differentiated. In Latin American countries, actinic prurigo cheilitis must be considered a differential diagnosis. Our study aimed to describe the dermoscopic features of labial alteration in Mestizos children who live in Ecuador at 3600 m above sea level and 0° latitude.

Correlation of lip prints, palm prints and abo blood group among student based population in Mangalore

Aim: To determine the correlation between Lip prints, Palm prints and ABO Blood Groups which may help in determining sexual dimorphism and forensic identification. Materials and Methods: 100 healthy subjects, 18 to 25 years of age and a native of Mangalore population were randomly selected. Lip prints and palm prints were recorded using the manual techniques for each subject along with their authentic blood group report. Lip prints and palm prints were recorded according to classifications given by Suzuki and Tsuchihashi, and Wu et al, respectively. Results: The most common lip and palm pattern recorded was Type II and Category V respectively in both the genders. The most common blood groups in both genders was B+. Correlation between three parameters was obtained by Pearson correlation statistical analysis. Conclusion: The lip prints and palm prints of an individual have never been similar and they tend to remain same from birth till death. This study was an effort made by us to associate lip prints, palm prints and blood groups of an individual, to aid in forensic identification.

LIPOMA IN TRANSITION BETWEEN HARD AND SOFT PALATE

Lipoma is a benign neoplasm of adipose tissue that usually presents as a nodular volume increase of smooth surface, elastic consistency, typically asymptomatic, and hardly exceeds 3 cm. The jugal mucosa and vestibule are the most common sites and lip, tongue, and floor of the mouth are the uncommon sites. A 55-year-old male patient presented a submucosal nodule in transition between hard and soft palate, slightly yellowish in color, smooth surface, elastic consistency, painless, with an evolution of more than 8 years and measuring approximately 2.0 x 1.0 cm in their largest diameters. In view of the clinical characteristics, the diagnostic hypothesis was lipoma. Therefore, we chose to perform an excisional biopsy followed by anatomopathological examination. The final diagnosis was lipoma. The patient remained in clinical control for approximately 6 months, with no signs of recurrence of the lesion.

Cheiloscopy – A Tool of Identification

lip prints are a constant anatomical structure and are absolutely unique to an individual and thus are an infallible means of personal identification. The present study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, on Undergraduate students (2015 batch) of Osmania. Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana. Sample size comprised of 196 students (78 males &118 females) and aged between 17 and 20 years.In the present study, it was found that, Type I’ lip pattern was most commonly seen among males i.e. 70 out of 78 individuals studied (90%) and among females also type I’ lip print pattern was seen predominant i.e. 99 out of 118 individuals studied (84%).It was recorded that Type I’ lip print pattern was found to be more frequent among both the genders followed by type I lip print patterns.The analysis of presence of lip print in each quadrant among 196 individuals shows that the most common lip print pattern is in Upper right quadrant (URQ) of male lip was Type I’ 71 (91%), while among females these patterns are found to be 103 (87%).In upper left quadrant (ULQ) Type I’ was found among 71 (91%) males, same as that of 1st quadrant, while in females it is 98 (83%).In lower left quadrant (LLQ) among the male lip Type I’ [72 (92%)] was mostly seen, while in females it is same with type I’ pattern of 99 (84%).In lower right quadrant (URQ) of male showed Type I’ [68 (87%)], while among females type I’ pattern [98 (83%)] was found.

Geochronology, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes of the Bhanupratappur mafic dyke swarm: Evidence for a common Paleoproterozoic LIP event at 2.37–2.36 Ga in the Bastar and Dharwar cratons

Mafic dykes and dyke swarms in continental settings provide information on the evolution of the subcontinental mantle and can be key elements in the reconstruction of paleo-geographic settings of now separated crustal terranes. This study focuses on the petrogenesis and geochronology of mafic dykes of the WNW (~125°) trending Bhanupratappur swarm in the central Bastar Craton, central India. Dykes of the Bhanupratappur swarm yield an average U-Pb (ID-TIMS) baddeleyite age of 2360 ± 4 Ma, which is interpreted as their emplacement age. The compositions of the dykes range from tholeiitic basalt to basaltic-andesite. Their rare earth element and multi-element patterns indicate the involvement of a crustal component in their petrogenesis. The whole rock initial 87Sr/86Sr2360 Ma ranges from 0.70097 to 0.70506 with most being more radiogenic than the contemporaneous undifferentiated mantle reservoir (i.e. 87Sr/86Sr2360 Ma = 0.70173). The initial εNd 2360 Ma (+0.85 to −2.7) are chondritic to sub-chondritic. The Sr-Nd Isotope composition and major- and trace element chemistry suggest an enriched-heterogeneous mantle source. The closely matching ages and chemistry of the Bhanupratappur swarm (2360 Ma) and the Karimnagar-Bangalore swarms (2363–2369 Ma) of the Dharwar Craton indicate affinities to a common Large Igneous Province, which further implies that the Bastar and Dharwar cratons were already juxtaposed at 2.37–2.36 Ga. The dykes of the Bhanupratappur (WNW-trending) and Bangalore (E-W trending) swarms converge towards the east indicating a plume center in the east. If the Karimnagar swarm was also linked (and was converging) to the same plume, the present-day mismatch in the orientations of the Karimnagar dykes (NE- to ENE-trending) with the Bangalore and Bhanupratappur dykes may indicate a ~55° counterclockwise rotation of the northern block of the Eastern Dharwar Craton with respect to the southern block after 2.37–2.36 Ga.

Cheiloscopy: The Study of Lip Prints in Sex Identification between Indian and Malaysian Population

Background: The study of lip prints, is commonly applied in forensic odontology and it is known as cheiloscopy. The term cheiloscopy was derived from Greek words, in which “cheilos” means lip and “scopy” means to examine. In general, cheiloscopy is define as a method of identifying an individual based on the arrangement of lines seen on the red part of the lips or a science dealing with the various line appearing on the red part of the lips. The pattern of wrinkles and grooves that are present on the lips has distinct characteristic features of an individual which are almost similar to the fingerprints. It also will not change throughout the life. Therefore, it can be used for personal identification and sex determination.Aim: To investigate lip print pattern in males and females and to evaluate them between Malaysian and Indian population.Materials and Method: There were 40 participants of both gender. 20 of them are from the Malaysian population and another 20 people are from the Indian population. Each participant was instructed to clean their lips with a clean white cloth, before taking the lip print. This was followed by the application of dark coloured lip stick on lips by using the lip stick applicator. Cellophane tape was used to take the negative impression of the lip pattern. The glued portion of the cellophane tape was placed on the lips by giving a light pressure beginning from the centre of the lips till the corner of the mouth. Then, the impression was transferred to a clean white paper and seen under the magnifying glass.Results: Type I lip pattern was commonly seen in Indian population, followed by type III, II and IV. Whereas for Malaysian population, type III was most common followed by type I, II and IV. There was significant difference between both population. In this study, it showed that type I was the most common lip print pattern seen in both Indian and Malaysian population for females. Whereas for male, type III was more common in Malaysian population, and both type III and IV were more common in Indian population.Conclusion: There was no significant difference in both population according the general distribution of lip print pattern. There was no correlation or similarity of lip print patterns between each participants in both population. Thus, cheiloscopy can be used for sex determination and also personal identification.