Common Eye Problems Research Articles

Nutrition and diet for dry eye disease: Insights toward holistic management.

Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common eye problems in the aging population. Hyperosmolarity triggers the immune response in DED and consequently activates the self-perpetuating immune cycle, leading to chronic damage of the ocular surface. This event causes symptoms such as a burning sensation, irritation, redness, photophobia, and blurred vision in DED patients. Subsequently, the quality of life gets significantly affected. The rising demand for DED management and treatment solutions, and the desirable outcomes from innovative therapies that draw global interest provide evidence to demonstrate the role of diet and nutrition in DED. Nutritional deficiency and a Westernized diet contribute to the chronic systemic progression of DED symptoms. It has been revealed in several published studies that the use of nutrients and dietary supplements improves the ocular surface and acts as a protective factor against DED. - We reviewed nutrition and dietary aspects in managing DED and its associated consequences, based on published studies, and reached an evidence-based conclusion.

Ocular problems among divers: a systematic review

Background: Scuba diving has been associated with various ocular conditions, affecting divers of all skill levels, from beginners to experienced individuals. Barotrauma, often caused by mask squeeze, is a well-documented issue in diving. Understanding the common eye problems divers encounter is crucial to ensure divers can take necessary precautions and safeguard the health of their eyes during and after dives. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the various ocular problems that divers may face, explore their underlying causes, discuss preventive measures, and outline potential treatments. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) from the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using a checklist from Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Results: We included 10 kinds of literature from all over the world, mostly originating in the United States region. The most common ocular problems are subconjunctival hemorrhage, proptosis, periorbital swelling and ecchymoses, and diplopia. More serious cases, such as intraorbital hemorrhage, proptosis, central retina artery occlusion, and optic nerve avulsion, were also reported. Conclusions: Understanding and addressing divers' ocular problems is essential to protecting their eye health and enhancing their diving experience. By implementing preventive measures, divers can effectively mitigate the risks and promote the overall well-being of their eyes while immersing themselves in the wonders of the underwater world.

Public awareness about common ocular diseases among a sample of Egyptian population

Background Globally, the most common causes of blindness in adults are cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Inadequate knowledge of these conditions leads to lag in medical advice requisition, losing the opportunity for prevention and early intervention with an increased rate of disease complications. Aim This study aimed to detect the level of public awareness about common eye problems in Egypt to help build strategies to prevent complications related to these eye problems. Patients and methods This is a prospective cross-sectional analytical study that used a pre-tested e-questionnaire to collect data from the study participants during the period from September 2022 to June 2023 at Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt. A Google form was created, and participants were invited through social media. It included four sections: socio-demographic characteristics, medical history of study participants, knowledge about common ocular diseases, and sources of gaining knowledge. Results The study included 802 participants, 54.2% of them were females, more than 55% of them were between the ages of 18–30 years, and 74.4% were university graduates. Awareness of cataracts, glaucoma, corneal opacity, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration was reported in 45.7, 34.8, 38.3, 80, and 77.5% of the study participants, respectively. Physicians and social media were the most common efficient sources of gaining knowledge. Higher education and working in a medical profession, especially physicians and pharmacists were associated with higher knowledge scores. Conclusion Low levels of knowledge of most of the blinding conditions among the study participants raise the importance of adopting health education programs by our healthcare systems taking into consideration that physicians and social media were among the most convenient routes to reach the targeted population.

Diabetic Retinopathy Among Young Adults with Diabetes in a Rural Setting in Bangladesh: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most important complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus, representing the leading cause of blindness in young adults. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of awareness and risk factors of DR in Young Adults with diabetes in the rural setting of Bangladesh. Material & Methods: The study was an observational and descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 190 young adults DM patients were included in this study following the Fisher et al. 1991 formula. Study data were collected from January 2020 to December 2021. From type 1 diabetic enlisted patients under Faridpur diabetic samity attended for routine follow up in diabetic corner in Faridpur diabetic Association Medical College. Results: Half (48.9%) of diabetes patients aged between 6 to 18 years with a mean age of 19.03 ± 4.26 years, ranging from 6 to 29 years old. About 37.9% of patients were males and 62.1% of patients were females. The difference in age of DM patients by sex was found statistically significant at .02 level (x2 = 43.22, df = 11; Cramer’s V = .35). The average blood sugar was14.36±2.59 (fasting) and 16.58±2.85 (meal) of the young adults. There was an association between the age of the young adults and fasting blood sugar (x2=19.08, df=13, Sig.=0.05), however, there is no association between the age of the DM patients and the level of blood sugar (after breakfast) (x2=29.52, df=19, Sig.=0.08). About 41% of patients’ visual acuity (unaided) was 6/6-6/18 (16-20 years) and in the same age group, 5.3% of the young adults’ unaided visual acuity was <6/18-6/60. About 26.2% (21-25 years) of unaided visual acuity was 6/6-6/18 and 2.6% had <6/18-6/60 VA. However, about 47.4% of the patients VA (aided) of the age group 16-20 years had <6/18-6/60, 29.50% had VA <6/18-6/60 (age group 21-25 years), 4.2% of the patient (26-30%) had <6/18-6/60 vision and same age group 1.1% had <6/60-3/60 vision after correction. Refractive error, allergic condition/itching/red, conjunctivitis, Watering, foreign body, ocular injury, Corneal ulcer, Myopia, and Astigmatism was common eye problems of the DM patients in our study. The majority of the patients were prescribed medicine, spectacles, and surgery. Conclusions: The blood sugar level among young adults is alarming and physical inactivity and obesity are the main risk factors for its development. Community-level awareness programs and establish models of healthcare transition from pediatric to adult care to ensure continuity of care and avoid patient disengagement.

Assessment of level of awareness about children eye diseases and routine eye screening among a sample of Egyptian general population

Assessment of the level of awareness and attitude among parents and the determinants regarding eye diseases and visual impairments in their children focusing on the importance of early screening of children to avoid amblyopia and its complications. Our study was a cross-sectional analytical study that included 368 participants in Egypt. A pre-tested self-administered (screen) e-questionnaire was used to collect data from the study participants via social media (Facebook and WhatsApp) groups. Parents’ knowledge about squint, refractive errors, and nasolacrimal duct obstruction was considered high (89.03%, 77.31%, and 59.98%, respectively), while knowledge about amblyopia, cataract, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and glaucoma was considered low (58.98%, 38.53%, 36.91%, and 34.41%, respectively). The attitude concerning going for regular eye screening, wearing spectacles, and undergoing ophthalmic surgery when needed was positive in 35.3%, 77.31%, and 65.2% of parents, respectively. Physicians, social media, and friends were reported to be the preferred sources for acquiring knowledge (78%, 40.2%, and 26.9%, respectively). Participants with higher education, working individuals, and medical professionals had statistically significant higher knowledge scores about childhood eye diseases. The levels of awareness about common pediatric eye problems and the importance of early eye screening among parents were reported to be unsatisfactory. Physicians and social media as preferred sources for gaining knowledge could be used for health promotion in our community.

Deteksi Mata Katarak Berdasarkan Tekstur Gray Gray Level Co-Ocurrence Matrix Dengan Metode Self Organizing Map

Cataracts are a common eye problem in Indonesia. Untreated cataracts are the main cause of blindness and the most dominant vision impairment in Indonesia among people over 50 years old, with a proportion reaching 77.7%. Regular eye examinations are necessary to prevent cataracts, but there are obstacles due to the availability of equipment and the cost of eye examinations. Therefore, an efficient and effective cataract detection system is needed. This study aims to detect cataracts in the eyes by utilizing a dataset of eyes from the internet. This research uses RGB and HSV feature extraction combined with the GLCM extraction method. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method describes the spatial relationship between pixel intensities in an image. With the GLCM matrix, texture information can be extracted from eye images. The Self Organizing Map (SOM) method performs learning based on feature extraction obtained from previously labeled eye images. Based on the test results, this study successfully detects cataract and normal eyes. With the greatest accuracy achieved in the comparison of 80% training data and 20% test data with dimension size = [2 2] and maximum iterations of 100, the highest accuracy of 90% was obtained.

Exploring the knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards child eye health: A qualitative analysis of parent experience focus groups.

The majority of childhood blindness causes in low-income countries are treatable or avoidable. Parents or guardians are responsible for making decisions regarding a child's eye care. Understanding parents' awareness and perception of eye problems in crucial in helping to know parents' eye care-seeking behavior. To determine parental knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding child eye health. Seven focus groups were carried out in Northwest Ethiopia on knowledge, attitude and practice of parents towards child eye health. Their responses were tape-recorded and later transcribed. A thematic phenomenological approach was used for the analysis. Seventy-one parents participated in the focus groups. Participants were aware of common eye problems like trachoma, trauma, and glaucoma. However, they were unaware of the causes and etiologies of childhood blindness. Participants perceived that eye problems could be treated with hygiene and food, and often held misconceptions about the cause of strabismus and utilization of wearing spectacles. The study revealed that parents are often unaware of the causes and etiologies of common childhood eye diseases, which has downstream effects on health-seeking behavior. Health promotion efforts, potentially through mass and social media, could be helpful to raise awareness, coupled with training of health professionals at primary and secondary health facility levels.

Development and validation of parental knowledge, attitude and practice in eye problem among children questionnaire (PEPC-KAPQ).

Most eye problems among children can be detected and treated at an early age to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment. Understanding the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among parents about common children's eye problems is fundamental to encourage parents to seek early eye care services for their children. This study aims to develop a Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in Eye Problem among Children Questionnaire (PEPC-KAPQ) and evaluate its psychometric properties. This study involved developing a questionnaire and was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from July 2021 until June 2022. The questionnaire was developed based on a literature review and expert consultation. The first phase includes a systematic literature review to generate the items for the questionnaire. A group of five panels was then invited to perform content validity for the questionnaire. Face validity was conducted among ten parents to get feedback for the questionnaire. Construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire were measured by which the questionnaire was administered to a total of 134 parents and 64 parents for reliability test. The final PEPC-KAPQ consists of four main sections: demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice with 52 items. The content validity index was 0.85 for all domains of KAP. Modified kappa showed excellent value for most items for all domains. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy showed acceptable scores of 0.84, and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity was significant (x2 = 3172.09, p<0.0001). Kuder-Richardson-2 of the domain knowledge was 0.95. Cronbach's α coefficient of domain attitude and practice were 0.92 and 0.88, respectively and the intraclass correlation of domain attitude and practice were 0.93 and 0.94 respectively. Bland and Altman's plots show that majority of the data fell within the limits of agreement. The findings of this validation and reliability study show that the developed questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric property for measuring the KAP of parents regarding eye problems among children.

Vision Screening in Older Adults Admitted with a Fragility Hip Fracture: A Healthcare Quality Improvement Report.

This healthcare quality improvement report focussed on the effectiveness of an orthoptic-led inpatient vision screening service at Nottingham University Hospitals for older adults admitted with a fragility hip fracture. The service was developed in response to national guidance, which recommended a multifactorial assessment, including a vision assessment for older adults presenting following a fall. Vision screening was carried out by orthoptists on eligible patients ≥65 years of age admitted to the trauma and orthopaedic wards with a hip fracture. Retrospective data for patients screened between 2015-2019 were analysed, including: patient demographics; screening eligibility and outcome; ophthalmology referrals made; ophthalmology appointment attendance; and outcome. Of the 3321 patients admitted with a hip fracture between 2015-2019, 2033 (61%) were eligible for vision screening and 1532 (75%) of these were screened. Furthermore, 784 (51%) of the patients screened had an ocular abnormality requiring an ophthalmology referral, or a sight test at an optician. Only 144 of the 383 (38%) who required an ophthalmology referral via the GP were successfully referred, and only 107 of the 186 (58%) patients who were given appointments attended them. Additionally, 98 of 107 had pathology, with cataracts the most common finding (51%), and 61 of 98 (62%) patients had treatable vision impairment. We found a large proportion of fragility hip fracture patients with impaired vision, much of which was treatable and could be detected effectively with orthoptic-led bedside screening. The most common eye problem in those referred to ophthalmology was cataracts. An internal referral pathway to ophthalmology is proposed. There is a need to investigate reasons for disengagement with eye care services in this population.

Inclusivity in stereoscopic XR: Human vision first

Full accessibility to eXtended Reality Head-Mounted Displays (XR HMDs) includes a requirement for well-functioning eyes and visual system. Eye and vision problems—that affect visual skills and abilities to various degrees—are common and may prevent an individual from comfortably wearing and using XR HMDs. Yet, vision problems have gained little attention in the XR community, making it difficult to assess the degree of accessibility and how to increase inclusivity. This perspective article aims to highlight the need for understanding, assessing, and correcting common eye and vision problems to increase inclusivity—to help broaden a responsible uptake of XR HMDs. There is a need to apply an interdisciplinary, human-centered approach in research. Guidelines are given for conducting reproducible research to contribute to the development of more inclusive XR technologies, through consideration of the individual variations in human visual skills and abilities.

Knowledge and Awareness of Children Eye Care Among Parents In Malaysia

Introduction: Children rarely complain about their vision, therefore rely on parents’ knowledge and awareness for early detection and management of their ocular problems. Parents’ knowledge and awareness may influence their eye-care seeking behaviour, which in turn helps to reduce the prevalence of childhood eye problems. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate knowledge and awareness about childhood eye problems and eye care seeking behaviour among parents in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on parents with either typically developing (TD group) or special needs children (SN group) in Malaysia. Data were collected using a self-administered, validated bilingual questionnaire using Google Form distributed through social medias and associations via purposive sampling. Results: A total of 173 respondents (74 in SN group; 99 in TD group) aged between 20 to 50 years old participated in the study. Participants had the highest and the least knowledge about refractive error and strabismus respectively with social medias been the main source of information. Overall knowledge and attitude scores were significantly higher in SN group compared to TD group (p &lt; 0.05). Level of awareness was high for common symptoms and eye problems with no group differences observed. Conclusion: Misconception and low awareness are still an issue for less common eye conditions. The use of social medias in educating the public about these is recommended as this is the most preferred source of information. This study provides useful insight about parents in Malaysia with regards to children eye care including recommendations for future preventive measures.

Community Eye Care Outreaches through Collaborations with Community-Based Organisations in Resource-Poor Settings in Ilorin, Nigeria.

The access to universal eye health is still poor in many developing countries. There are various initiatives to address this problem, but the initiatives are majorly under the support of external funding. This study reports community outreaches supported by community-based organisations over a 7-year period in resource-poor settings in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. This study aims to describe the processes/procedures, output, and funding of eye care services provided in the rural communities over a 7-year period. The study seeks to present the process, demographical profiles, disease pattern, challenges, and recommendation in finding the core area of development to improving eye care services for these communities as well. The setting of this research work is 65 rural communities around the Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, Nigeria. The design of the study is a retrospective review. This is a descriptive study of 7-year community eye outreaches in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data were analysed with IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-20). A total of 65 communities with 235 visits were carried out between the years 2013 and 2019, with a total of 13,661 persons screened. The major eye diseases seen were refractive errors, allergic conjunctivitis, cataract, and pterygium. Common surgical eye problems were cataract, pterygium, and glaucoma. Community-based organisation direct financial support built up from USD 855 in 2013 and totalled USD 27,250 in 2019. Community-based organisation funding is an alternative and useful means of meeting the unmet needs of eye care in resource-poor communities. Subsidised care was provided to community-sourced patients due to support by local community-based organisations. This subsidy assisted in reaching the outreach numerical goal. However, it was still inadequate to meet the total needs as seen by the lower number of clinical care and surgeries rendered against the total numbers identified. To achieve sustainable and wider coverage of care, a combination of local source and external funding is required. This study shows that community eye care programme can be supported by local or indigenous sponsors in a sustainable manner, thereby contributing considerably to addressing prevalent cases of avoidable blindness.

Analyzing Drug Utilization in Ophthalmology Outpatients in a Private and Public Health Facility as well as Cost Variation of Selected Ophthalmological Medicines

Abstract: Background: The rationale behind this study conduction was; 1. To analyze ‘drug use’ and 2. To analyze ‘cost variation’. First could facilitate improving drug utilization patterns and prescribing practice, and second, could justify and improve rational drug utilization. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Selected ‘World Health Organization’ drug use indicators and cost variation of ophthalmological medicines were analyzed from ‘prospectively collected patient and, prescription data’ and ‘basic cost data of medicines from Current Index of Medical Specialties’, respectively. A total of the ‘449’ patients’ data were considered in the study, out of which ‘231’ and, ‘218’ were from ‘public’ and, ‘private’ health facilities respectively. Results: Out of the total sample, ‘1.36’ was the count of drugs per prescription. The ‘drug percentage’ prescribed by generic name and, from the Essential Medicines List was 31.59% and, 56.35%, respectively. 75.72% of prescriptions were prescribed antibiotics, while 82.41% of patients had correct knowledge of dosage. ‘Eye strain’, ‘conjunctivitis’ and, ‘cataract’ were the common eye problems. ‘Antibiotics’, ‘corticosteroid’ and, ‘ocular lubricants’ were commonly prescribed. From the total of ‘614’ drugs prescribed, ‘171’ was the combination formulations. The study showed high-cost variation among multiple available branded options of single ophthalmological medicine. Conclusion: A rational drug use pattern was found in both the study sites. However, there is a wide variation of the indicators values between them. It is recommended to improve and, periodically update healthcare drug policies along with frequent drug utilization and cost monitoring studies. Key words: Drug Utilization (DU), Cost Analysis, Drug Use Indicator, Ophthalmological Medicines, Ophthalmology Outpatient, Essential Medicines, World Health Orgnization (WHO).

A Convolutional Neural Network Model Using Weighted Loss Function to Detect Diabetic Retinopathy

Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) provides tremendous prospects for driving future healthcare while empowering patients and service providers. The extensive use of digital healthcare produces a massive amount of multimedia healthcare data continuously (e.g., MRI, X-Ray, ultrasound images, etc.). Hence, it needs special data analytics techniques to provide a smart diagnosis to the patients. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, particularly Deep learning (DL) methods, have demonstrated tremendous medical diagnosis progress and achievements. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), cataract, macular degeneration, and glaucoma are the most common eye problems due to diabetes. Numerous models have been proposed using deep learning models to diagnose diabetic retinopathy, but no model is perfect for detecting DR diseases. This article presents a deep learning model to analyze diabetic retinopathy images to classify DR patients’ severity levels. The model applies a custom-weighted loss function in the model’s training and achieves 92.49% accuracy and a 0.945 Cohen Kappa score on test data. The model’s weighted average precision was 93%, recall 92%, and f1 score 93%. The model is compared with several state-of-the-art pre-trained models. We observe that the proposed model performs better in accuracy results and Cohen Kappa score.

Updates on the Mechanism and Management of Pterygium: A Brief Review

Pterygium is an ocular surface disease characterized by invasive fibrovascular growth due to pathological proliferation and inflammation on the conjunctival and corneal tissue. Its occurrence has been associated with chronic ultraviolet exposure, thus becoming one of the most common eye problems in tropical regions worldwide. Although pterygium rarely causes severe visual disturbances or blindness, it often becomes a distressing problem because of the high recurrence rate and unsatisfactory cosmetic outcomes, despite receiving removal management. In recent decades, studies regarding molecular mechanisms and management of pterygium have been advanced. This review provides a brief update on the mechanism and management to achieve more optimal and satisfactory pterygium therapeutic approaches.

Public Awareness of Common Eye Diseases and the Role of Pharmacists in Raising This Awareness in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Knowledge of common eye disorders and their prevention and treatment can play an essential role in reducing the visual impairment burden. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted from 15 November 2020 to 15 January 2021 to estimate the knowledge and awareness about common eye problems and their possible risk factors among the general population of the Hail Region, Saudi Arabia. The study also investigated the participants’ sources of information about eye diseases. Participants from various areas of the Hail Region were randomly selected. There were four parts in the questionnaire based upon the general awareness about the common eye diseases, participants’ knowledge and awareness of risk factors associated with eye disorders, awareness of treatment and prevention of various eye disorders, and the participants’ sources of information about ocular diseases. The questionnaire was distributed to the participants by direct contact with them at eye clinics, hospitals, malls, and markets. The number of participants in the survey was 400 people, 53.8% males and 46.3% females. Cataracts were known to 31% of the participants, 43% knew about glaucoma, 66% knew about dry eyes, and 44% knew about diabetic retinopathy. Overall, 46% of the participants knew about eye problems, and the male participants had better knowledge about eye problems than the female ones. The primary sources of information about the common eye diseases were pharmacists (43.3%), family physicians (40.3%), the Internet (37.3%), the community (37.3%), television and radio (9.3%), and books/ brochures (9.5%). In the Hail Region, the general public carries a moderate awareness of preventable vision-threatening ocular disorders. However, the awareness of cataracts and glaucoma was low. The gaps in awareness can be overcome by public health promotion. In offering information about eye conditions to the general public, pharmacists may play a crucial role.

Comparison of treatment efficacy between 100% platelet-rich plasma and 100% serum eye drops in moderate-to-severe dry eye disease: a randomised controlled trial protocol

IntroductionDry eye disease (DED) is a common eye problem. Although the disease is not fatal, it substantially reduces quality of life and creates a high economic burden, especially in patients...

One-year Profile of Eye Diseases in Infants (PEDI) in secondary (rural) eye care centers in South India

Purpose:The aim of this study was to report the proportion and patterns of eye diseases observed among infants seen at two rural eye care centers in South India.Methods:A retrospective review of case records of infants seen between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017 at two rural secondary eye care centers attached to L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad. Data were collected regarding their demographic profile, the pattern of eye problems observed, management at the facility itself, and need for referrals.Results:During this period, a total of 3092 children were seen. Among them, 141 were infants (4.56%, 71 boys: 70 girls, median age: 8 months). Twenty-five percent of infants were less than 6 months of age. The most common eye problem was congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (n = 76, 53.90%), followed by conjunctivitis (n = 33, 23.40%), retinopathy of prematurity (n = 4, 2.84%) and strabismus (n = 3, 2.13%). One case each of congenital cataract and suspected retinoblastoma were identified. Majority of the cases (58.8%) belonged to the oculoplastic and orbital surgery sub-specialty. Sixteen percent of the infants (n = 23) had sight-threatening eye problems. Twenty percent (n = 28) were referred to tertiary care hospital for further management.Conclusion:Profile of eye disease in infants in secondary or rural eye care centers ranged from simple to complex, including sight-threatening diseases. While our study concluded that nearly 4/5th of these eye problems were simple and could be managed by a well-trained comprehensive ophthalmologist, 20% of these cases required a referral to a tertiary care center.

Awareness, Attitude and Practices Regarding Eye Health and Common Eye Problems in Urban Indian Population: A Community- based Cross-sectional Study

Awareness, Attitude and Practices Regarding Eye Health and Common Eye Problems in Urban Indian Population: A Community- based Cross-sectional Study

Vision status and reading test results in Norwegian adolescents

Uncorrected vision anomalies may cause headaches and may affect reading and academic performance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the frequency of vision anomalies, frequency of eye examinations, and use of corrective eye wear in adolescents in Norway, and to explore whether such vision anomalies affect reading test results or frequency of headaches. A cross-sectional study was performed in 436 adolescents (42.0% males) aged 16–19 years living in South-East Norway. Cycloplegic autorefraction, habitual stereoacuity, and habitual monocular amplitudes of accommodation were measured, and all participants reported the frequency of eye examinations, the use of spectacles and/or contact lens wear, and the frequency of headaches. Reading comprehension and decoding skills were evaluated for a subgroup of the participants (189 participants, 34.4% males) by their performance in national reading tests. Vision anomalies were defined as having refractive errors, poor habitual stereoacuity, or poor habitual amplitude of accommodation in at least one eye. Overall, 44.0% were classified as having a refractive error, and a total of 61.9% were measured to have vision anomalies. More frequent headaches were associated with poor habitual amplitude of accommodation when adjusted for sex (p = 0.04). The frequency of poor reading comprehension was higher in the group of adolescents with vision anomalies (n = 109, 31.2%) compared with those with no vision anomalies (n = 80, 18.8%; p = 0.05). Of those with vision anomalies, 33.5% had never had an eye examination, and 63.9% reported not wearing a correction. In Norway, there is no mandatory vision screening after 4 years of age. The results here show that a nation-wide programme of regular eye examinations and proper treatment of vision anomalies for all children and adolescents in Norway should be considered. Identifying and treating children with common eye problems in primary and secondary school will improve educational attainment and increase each child’s chances of succeeding in further education.