High Sugar Research Articles

Considering Radiation Safety Program Image.

Commercial businesses have long known that the image of an organization is critical to ultimate success. Significant resources are invested in marketing, logos, colors, signage, appearance, informational brochures, and the like because expenditures on these aspects have repeatedly proven to produce a measurable return on investment. The term "image" can be defined in many ways, but within the context of the effort described here, it is a tangible or visible representation of an entity. A radiation safety program's image can be based on many operational outcome elements, such as personnel doses, findings from regulatory compliance inspections, and measured client satisfaction. Described here are three other program image components that may be considered: the radiation safety program's website, program staff appearance, and program organizational charts. Data regarding the prevalence of current practices being carried out within operational college and university safety programs as they relate to image were measured via a series of simple online polls. Although the assessments described here were focused primarily on university environmental health and safety programs, each included specific consideration of any radiation safety component. The findings stemming from the analysis of these convenience sample polls examining the blind testing of program internet website search capabilities, the norms regarding program staff recognition on campus, and the common errors associated with organizational charts all can serve as a guide to improve radiation safety program image that, in turn, can maintain or enhance program reputation and support.

Inter-Rater Reliability of EEG-Based Encephalopathy Grading.

Visual EEG Confusion Assessment Method-Severity (VE-CAM-S) quantifies encephalopathy severity based on electroencephalography features. This study evaluated inter-rater reliability among experts using the VE-CAM-S scale. Nine experts from six institutions independently reviewed 32 15-second electroencephalography samples in an online test, assessing 29 features (16 in the VE-CAM-S and 13 additional, or "VE-CAM-S+"). A consensus of three experts served as the gold standard. Performance was measured by the median Matthews correlation coefficient between expert and gold-standard VE-CAM-S+ scores, along with average sensitivity and specificity. Qualitative analysis identified common feature-recognition errors affecting scores. Experts achieved a median Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.82 [95% CI: 0.74-0.99]. Specificity exceeded 90% for most features except background β (87%) and generalized delta (71%). Sensitivity was ≥65% except for burst suppression with epileptiform activity (61%), extreme delta brush (EDB; 61%), posterior dominant rhythm (50%), background α (59%) and β (42%). Common errors included missing subtle findings, confusing features, and misidentifying extreme delta brush. This pilot study offers some initial support for the reliability of VE-CAM-S+ scoring. The largest errors occurred when experts missed or falsely identified features with higher weight in the VE-CAM-S. Encephalopathy grading through VE-CAM-S may be improved by breaking high-stakes features into smaller parts, creating a "cheat sheet" with scored examples, and designing teaching materials.

Exploring Growth Phase Effect on Polysaccharide Composition and Metal Binding Properties in Parachlorella hussii

Microalgae-based bioremediation is increasingly recognized as a sustainable, efficient, and straightforward technology. Despite this growing interest, the potential of Parachlorella hussii for metal biosorption remains underexplored. This study is the first report evaluating the metal biosorption activity in Parachlorella hussii ACOI 1508 (N9), highlighting the impact of the culture age on the monosaccharide composition and its correlation to the metal binding capacity. The capsular strain (N9) was isolated from the hypersaline ecosystem—Lake Chott Aïn El-Beida—in southeastern Algeria. Cultivated in Bold’s Basal medium, the strain produced 0.807 ± 0.059 g L−1 of RPSs and 1.975 ± 0.120 g L−1 of CPSs. Biochemical analysis of the extracts revealed a high total sugar content (% w/w) that ranged from 62.98 ± 4.87% to 95.60 ± 87% and a low protein content (% w/w) that ranged from 0.49 ± 0.08% to 1.35 ± 0.69%, with RPS-D7 and RPS-D14 having high molecular weight (≥2 MDa). HPLC-based monosaccharide characterization demonstrated compositional differences between the exponential and stationary phases, with rhamnose dominating (~55%) in RPS-D14 and with the presence of uronic acids comprising 7–11.3%. Metal removal efficiency was evaluated using the whole biomass in two growth phases. Copper uptake exhibited the highest capacity, reaching 18.55 ± 0.61 mg Cu g−1 DW at D14, followed by zinc removal with 6.52 ± 0.61 mg Zn g−1 DW. Interestingly, removal efficiencies increased to about twofold during the stationary phase, reaching 51.15 ± 1.14% for Cu, 51.08 ± 3.35% for Zn, and 36.55 ± 3.09% for Ni. The positive results obtained for copper/zinc removal highlight the biosorption potential of P. hussii, and notably, we found that the metal removal capacity significantly improved with culture age—a parameter that has been poorly investigated in prior studies. Furthermore, we observed a growth phase-dependent modulation in monosaccharide composition, which correlated with enhanced functional properties of the excreted biomolecules involved in biosorption. This metabolic adjustment suggests an adaptive response that may contribute to the species’ effectiveness in heavy metal uptake, underscoring its novelty and biotechnological relevance.

Does notifying clinicians about poor sleep quality influence patient-perceived empathy? Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Does notifying clinicians about poor sleep quality influence patient-perceived empathy? Results from a randomized controlled trial.

Assessment of radiographic errors and repetition rates in undergraduate endodontic education: a retrospective clinical study

Assessment of radiographic errors and repetition rates in undergraduate endodontic education: a retrospective clinical study

Bioactive Compounds, Their Mechanisms of Action, and Cardioprotective Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum): A Comprehensive Review

ABSTRACTPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a nutritionally dense fruit containing antioxidants and bioactive compounds, demonstrating significant potential in preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review evaluates the vasculoprotective effects of various pomegranate components, including the fruit arils, seeds, peel, and flower extracts. The arils and seeds are abundant in anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and polyphenols, while the peel and flower extracts contain high concentrations of punicalagin, gallic acid, and other potent polyphenols. Human and animal studies have consistently demonstrated that pomegranate consumption can lower blood pressure, improve lipid profiles, and reduce inflammation. Researchers found that daily consumption of should be 50–240 mL of pomegranate juice, 1–1.5 g of peel extract, or 200–500 mg of standardized flower extract. However, due to the high natural sugar content of pomegranate juice and its potential to interact with certain medications, moderate consumption is advised. Overall, pomegranate represents a promising nonpharmacological adjunct in CVD prevention. Further research is needed to optimize its use for maximum cardiovascular benefits. This review highlights pomegranate's potential as a valuable, nonpharmaceutical resource for supporting cardiovascular health.

High-Intensity Interval Training as A Game-Changer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Narrative Review

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood sugar or glucose levels due to the body's inability to produce or use insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for up to 90% of all cases, and is often linked to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and obesity. Physical activity is a highly effective intervention for managing and preventing Type 2 DM. Exercise helps to lower blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and promote weight loss. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a specific type of exercise that involves short bursts of intense activity followed by periods of rest or low-intensity exercise. HIIT has been found to be particularly effective for patients with Type 2 DM, as it can improve glucose control and cardiovascular health in a relatively short amount of time. This review delves into the role of HIIT in managing Type 2 DM, highlighting its ability to increase insulin sensitivity through processes such as GLUT 4 translocation, mitochondrial activity, and vasodilator function, as well as improving glycaemic control by increasing aerobic capacity and the activity of mitochondria. By synthesizing recent research, we aimed to provide insights in a narrative review of the benefits and mechanisms of HIIT for managing Type 2 DM.

Formulation strategies, texture improvement, and sensory perception of healthy ice cream: A review.

Formulation strategies, texture improvement, and sensory perception of healthy ice cream: A review.

Functional Carbohydrates as Innovative Food Ingredients in Diabetes Management: A Succinct Review.

The current upsurge in the incidence of type-2 diabetes as an essentially worldwide public health crisis can be attributed to increasing urbanization, environmental changes, and a shift in employment from heavy to sedentary work with increased automobile use, computerization, and mechanization. To curb the menace and mitigate the prevalence of diabetes, glucose regulation is essential, as high blood sugar levels raise susceptibility to developing type-2 diabetes and its attendant consequences, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, angiopathy, and other conditions. Functional carbohydrate intake represents one of the best dietary strategies employed in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus because it is an affordable, food-sourced, and effective approach that is currently generating research interest. While the efficacy of functional carbohydrates, including dietary fibers, in managing diseases is well established, there remains a significant gap in knowledge regarding their roles in regulating blood sugar and diabetes, as well as the underlying mechanisms of their actions. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of functional carbohydrates as potential food ingredients in diabetes management. This study comprises a systematic review of pertinent articles published from 2017 to 2024, utilizing two primary online databases, namely, Google Scholar and the PubMed database, alongside additional resources such as ScienceDirect. The findings of this study indicate that functional carbohydrates serve as highly effective food ingredients for managing and regulating blood glucose via various mechanisms, including glycemic control, improved insulin secretion and sensitivity, modification of the gut microbiota, weight management, and enhanced lipid metabolism.

Prevention, Recognition, and Response to Human Trafficking: Practical Application for Pediatric Clinical Environments.

Prevention, Recognition, and Response to Human Trafficking: Practical Application for Pediatric Clinical Environments.

Evaluation of Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Among Adults Attending City Center Nasiriyah Hospitals / Iraq

Background: The widespread consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), particularly by adults in developing nations, contributes to increased diet-related health issues. Food choices and consumption are influenced by several factors, including people's views toward food and their understanding of nutrition, which empowers them to make well-informed food choices. Objective: To assess adults' perceptions and understanding of SSBs who attend hospitals. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design utilizing a non-random convenient sampling technique, with a target sample of 384 participants, was employed to assess knowledge and perceptions regarding SSBs at four hospitals in Nasiriyah City, Thi-Qar Governorate / Iraq. The hospitals included were Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital, Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Bint Al-Huda Teaching Hospital, and Al-Haboubi Teaching Hospital. This study was conducted from August 15, 2024, to January 20, 2025. Results: Most participants (92.7%) acknowledged the high sugar content of SSBs. Furthermore, 62.8% of respondents thought manufactured sugars were worse than natural ones. Additionally, only 26.8% of participants had a good awareness score, 28.9% had a poor knowledge score, and 44.3% had a fair knowledge score. The urgent need to improve health awareness in this area is highlighted by the fact that this level of knowledge is insufficient to improve the overall score to good. Furthermore, the study's findings show no statistically significant correlation between the overall cognitive score and specific sociodemographic traits (such as age groups, gender, and place of residence). On the other hand, other sociodemographic factors (such as educational level, socioeconomic status, and BMI categories) showed a statistically significant correlation, with a p-value of less than 0.001 for each of these parameters. Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that about half of the participants show a moderate level of understanding regarding SSBs. Factors such as participants' educational levels, occupational statuses, and body mass index (BMI) categories are crucial influences on their knowledge.

National competition reveals common errors in target delineation among young clinicians in radiation therapy

BackgroundRadiation therapy's efficacy hinges on accurate tumor and organ delineation, a task currently dependent on manual methods prone to high variability and error. To address this, we organized a national targeting competition to identify and rectify common targeting errors among young clinicians.MethodsAn annual national competition in China was conducted for clinicians under 40, focusing on various cancer types. Participants submitted delineation work for anonymous expert review. The competition assessed integration of multimodal imaging and accuracy in delineation across different tumor types, including central nervous system, head and neck, lung, esophageal, breast, abdominal, pelvic, urinary, gynecological, and lymphoma tumors.ResultsInvolving 506 clinicians over three years, the competition revealed significant variability in target delineation practices. Enhanced CT was the predominant method for tumor localization. Key challenges included insufficient integration of multimodal imaging and inaccuracies in delineating lymph nodes, anatomical barriers, and tumor motion. The findings highlighted a disconnection between theoretical knowledge and clinical application.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the necessity of ongoing education and the standardization of training protocols for clinicians, especially for those in the early stages of their careers.

Identify and classify common errors, antecedents, outcomes, and mitigation strategies in qualitative and semi-quantitative workplace safety risk management: Integrating grounded theory and systematic literature review

Identify and classify common errors, antecedents, outcomes, and mitigation strategies in qualitative and semi-quantitative workplace safety risk management: Integrating grounded theory and systematic literature review

Prostate Cancer and Dietary Sugar Intake: A Systematic Review

Background: Prostate cancer is a leading malignancy among men globally, with its incidence expected to rise due to aging populations and shifting lifestyles. While established risk factors include age, ethnicity, and genetics, the role of modifiable dietary factors, particularly sugar intake, remains less clear. Emerging evidence suggests that high sugar consumption may promote carcinogenesis through insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and hormonal dysregulation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the association between dietary sugar intake and prostate cancer risk. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across six databases for observational studies published between January 2005 and April 2025. Eligible studies assessed the associations between quantitative sugar intake and prostate cancer outcomes. Screening, data extraction, and a risk of bias assessment (using ROBINS-E) were performed independently by multiple reviewers. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising four prospective cohorts, one case–control study, and one cross-sectional study, with a combined sample of 11,583 men from the USA, Canada, Sweden, and France. Three studies reported a significant positive association between a high intake of dietary sugars and prostate cancer risk, two found no association, and one showed mixed findings depending on the type of sugar. Heterogeneity in the exposure assessments and confounder control limited the comparability. Conclusions: This review suggests a possible association between high dietary sugar intake and increased prostate cancer risk, especially from added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages. However, inconsistent findings and methodological limitations highlight the need for robust, prospective studies with standardized assessments to understand this relationship better.

Evaluating Genre-Based Instruction through Error Analysis: Insights from Vocational Students’ Procedure Texts

Writing procedure texts in English is an important skill for vocational students, especially those in practice-based programs. These texts are used in workplaces to give instructions or explain steps clearly and accurately. The Genre-Based Approach (GBA) is often used to help students write better by teaching them the structure and purpose of different types of texts. While many studies have shown that GBA helps students organize their writing, few have looked closely at the language mistakes students still make after learning with this method. Methods. This study used a qualitative descriptive design to analyze the errors in 30 procedure texts written by students in the Audio-Visual Editing program at AKN Putra Sang Fajar Blitar. These texts were collected after students completed two cycles of learning with the GBA. The errors were analyzed using the Surface Strategy Taxonomy, focusing on four categories: omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Two raters checked and coded the data, and additional data from teacher notes and student feedback were used to support the findings. Results. The results showed that most students could follow the correct structure of a procedure text. However, many still made language mistakes. Misformation (wrong word forms) and omission (missing words) were the most common errors. These errors often affected the clarity and meaning of the instructions. This shows that while GBA helps students with text organization, it does not always help improve grammar or sentence accuracy. Conclusions. Genre-based instruction helps students understand how to organize their writing, but it should be combined with a greater focus on grammar and language use. Teachers should include grammar practice and give detailed feedback on errors. This combination can help vocational students write more precise and more correct texts for real-world communication.

IS HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT FOCUSED ON THE LANDSCAPE ITSELF OR THE HISTORY OF LANDSCAPE?

Under the European Landscape Convention (ELC), each country is required to identify, classify, plan, protect, and manage its landscapes while analyzing the pressures causing changes. Landscape assessment studies have primarily focused on existing natural and cultural landscapes. However, evaluations that reveal historical identity, historical value, and trace their development and transformation processes are insufficient. Specifically, the historical and heritage dimensions of landscapes are often inadequately addressed in landscape planning. In this context, the Historical Landscape Assessment (HLA), which analyzes long-term interactions between human activities and natural processes, and examines the traces left by human influence, has gained significant importance. According to ELC, landscape is an area perceived by people, shaped by the interaction of natural and/or human factors, and is closely related to HLA. The aim of this study is to highlight common misunderstandings about HLA. By discussing landscape assessment methods focused on the past, present, and future, this study emphasizes the importance of HLA, which defines the biography of historical landscapes that have endured over time, possess temporal depth, and demonstrated resilience to change. HLA evaluates the temporal depth of landscapes that have survived to the present day, focusing on more than just their history. Addressing the similarities and differences between HLA and landscape character assessment, this study proposes an integrated and holistic approach to landscape evaluation. By contributing to the correction of misunderstandings, this study can set an example approach for promoting a different perspective on HLA.

In Search of “Historical Truth”: Analysis of the Narrative of the “Feat of the 28 Panfilov's Men”

The article considers the narrative of the “feat of the 28 Panfilov's Men” as an example of the formation of contemporary historical myth. The work is based on the postmodernist approach to historical knowledge and the theory of historical narrative (H. White, F. Ankersmit, K. Jenkins). The origin and development of the narrative, its inconsistency with archival data and its stability in the mass consciousness are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the state of myth and discussions about it in contemporary Russia. It is concluded that due to the specific features of historical knowledge no event of the past can be described in a truly reliable way, which implies that today it is more important not to try to find the “historical truth”, but to study the normative and mobilizing role of historical narratives for modern society.

Shedding Light on Common Misinterpretations in Photocatalyst Characterization

Abstract Roughly half a century of intense research in photocatalysis has undoubtedly allowed scientific progress, for example, in the design and understanding of new materials, the optimization of reaction conditions, and the suggestion of reaction pathways. However, this highly interdisciplinary and complex research field is also suffering from the publication of many articles presenting misinterpretations and flawed conclusions. Occasionally, general physical or thermodynamic principles are not, or incompletely, taken into account, or experimental techniques are incorrectly applied. This presents a severe challenge, not only for researchers attempting to reproduce the work and to use it as a foundation for their work, but also for data scientists aiming to use published data for machine‐driven scientific progress. In the current article, common misconceptions are collected and provided with detailed explanations on how to avoid them. These span all scientific steps from material preparation over material characterization, and eventually photocatalytic testing. Thus, clear guidelines are provided for researchers new to the field, and it is hoped that the publication of results and conclusions in photocatalysis will improve overall.

Critically assessing published volumetric thermodynamic data for common errors

ABSTRACT Methods are presented for identifying questionable volumetric quantities reported in published research papers. Thermodynamic relationships are provided for checking for internal consistency between calculated excess and partial molar volumes of the individual mixture components, and for calculating the apparent molar volume of the individual mixture components from measured excess molar volume data.

A Structured AHP-Based Approach for Effective Error Diagnosis in Mathematics: Selecting Classification Models in Engineering Education

Identifying and classifying mathematical errors is crucial to improving the teaching and learning process, particularly for first-year engineering students who often struggle with foundational mathematical competencies. This study aims to select the most appropriate theoretical framework for error classification by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multicriteria decision-making method. Five established classification models—Newman, Kastolan, Watson, Hadar, and Polya—were evaluated using six pedagogical criteria: precision in error identification, ease of application, focus on conceptual and procedural errors, response validation, and viability in improvement strategies. Expert judgment was incorporated through pairwise comparisons to compute priority weights for each criterion. The results reveal that the Newman framework offers the highest overall performance, primarily due to its structured approach to error analysis and its applicability in formative assessment contexts. Newman’s focus on reading, comprehension, transformation, and encoding addresses the most common errors encountered in the early stages of mathematical learning. The study demonstrates the utility of the AHP as a transparent and replicable methodology for educational model selection. It addresses a gap in the literature regarding evidence-based criteria for designing diagnostic instruments. These findings support the development of targeted pedagogical interventions in mathematics education for engineering programs.