Common Core Research Articles

Identification of common core genes and pathways in childhood sepsis and cancer by bioinformatics analysis

IntroductionSepsis and cancer are both leading causes of death worldwide, and they share several pathophysiological characteristics. Some studies have suggested a possible association between sepsis and cancer; however, few have investigated the core genes involved in both diseases.MethodsCore genes common to both sepsis and cancer were identified using pediatric sepsis datasets (GEO: GSE26378, GSE4607, GSE8121 and GSE13904) and cancer databases (TCGA: BRCA, COADREAD, ESCA, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, STAD). Gene Ontology (GO) and Reactome enrichment analyses, along with a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, were performed. Pharmacophore screening was applied to predict the targets of oxymatrine and ulinastatin, and potential target genes shared by both cancer and sepsis were identified. Survival analysis was performed. The association between the target genes and tumor size and number of positive lymph nodes was investigated by Pearson correlation analysis. The association between the target genes and tumor stage was investigated by Fisher’s exact test. Molecular docking analysis was performed to evaluate the affinity of the candidate drugs for their targets.ResultsA total of 641 common genes were identified. GO enrichment analysis showed that common genes were enriched in neutrophil degranulation, inflammatory response and innate immune response. Reactome enrichment analysis showed that common genes were enriched in neutrophil degranulation, interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling, transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis and interleukin-10 signaling. The PPI network showed that the top 10 core genes were TLR4, IL1B, IL10, ITGAM, TLR2, PTPRC, CDK1, FOS, MMP9 and ITGB2. The survival analysis showed that the high expression of BCAT1, CSAD, G6PD, GM2A, MMP9, PYGL and TOP2A was associated with poorer prognosis in several cancers. Molecular docking showed that oxymatrine and ulinastatin can bind to protein targets with highly stable binding.ConclusionsWe identified genes with common effects on both childhood sepsis and cancer, which provides new insights into the association between sepsis and cancer. In addition, two drugs with potential clinical application value were identified. Further studies are required to validate the role of these common core genes in sepsis and cancer and to evaluate the potential utility of these drugs.

Bacterial communities forming yellow biofilms in different cave types share a common core

The walls of different types of caves under diverse geological settings (limestone, gypsum and volcanic) are colonized by biofilms of different colors: white, yellow, pink, grey, green to dark brown, but only a few colored biofilms such as the white, yellow and grey ones have been extensively studied. However, an assessment among the microbial communities originating these biofilms in different lithologies is lacking. Here we compare the yellow biofilms from two caves, Covadura and C3, in the Gypsum Karst of Sorbas in Spain, with those from two Spanish limestone caves (Pindal and Santian), and four volcanic caves in Spain and Italy (Viento, Honda del Bejenado, Grotta del Santo, Grotta di Monte Corruccio). The structure of yellow biofilms in gypsum caves closely resembles that found in other Spanish and European limestone caves. However, volcanic cave biofilms exhibit greater variability in their microbial community structure and morphologies. Biofilms from gypsum, limestone and volcanic caves were characterized by the abundance of the genera Crossiella and the gammaproteobacterial wb1-P19. The uncultured Euzebyaceae were abundant in gypsum and Spanish volcanic caves, while in the limestone and Italian volcanic caves, they were rare or absent. Nitrospira was also abundant in limestone and volcanic caves, but not in gypsum caves. Due to the abundances of Crossiella, gammaproteobacterial wb1-P19, and uncultured Euzebyaceae, in many different ecosystems, not only in caves, as recently reported, understanding the functional diversity in which these lineages are involved seems critical. Although we have studied a limited number of yellow biofilms from caves in Spain and Italy, data from other caves in USA and Russia also point out the existence of a similarity among the most abundant members composing the structure of yellow biofilms, suggesting that they share a common core.

Comparison of the Acute Effects of Virtual Reality Exergames and Core Stability Exercises on Cognitive Factors, Pain, and Fear Avoidance Beliefs in People with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate and compare the acute effects of exergames (EXG) and core stability exercises (CSEs) on cognitive factors, pain, mood, and fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB) in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Materials and Methods: In a single-blinded clinical trial, 40 participants with CLBP were randomly assigned to either the EXG group or the CSEs group. The EXG group engaged in a single session of exergames using the Xbox Kinect device, while the CSEs group completed a single session of common core stability exercises. Measurements of attention, working memory, pain intensity, mood states, and FAB were taken before and after each intervention. Results: The results showed that a single session of EXG was significantly more effective than CSEs in improving cognitive reaction time, pain intensity, FAB, and positive mood states (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, participants reported lower perceived exertion due to exercising following EXG compared with CSEs. Conclusion: EXG may have potential therapeutic advantages over traditional exercise interventions for CLBP.

Onomastic component of the normative-scientific macrotext “Russian language” in a dynamic aspect

INTRODUCTION. The problem of the formation of the Russian linguistic personality, in particular its onomastic component, is the subject of numerous scientific studies, covering its various aspects, including within a certain period of time. However, the previously mentioned problem has not been considered in dynamics. The purpose of the study is to characterize the onomastic space of the macrotext “Russian Language” in a dynamic aspect in the period from the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was onyms identified in normative scientific texts of the 19th – early 21st centuries and supplemented with appellatives, which are written with a capital letter. The following methods were used: statistical, classification, comparative, et al.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The concept of the normativescientific macrotext “Russian language” is formulated, its structure and onomastic content are determined. In the normative-scientific texts of each period, the most frequent onyms are identified, forming the common core (invariant) of the onomastic space.CONCLUSION. The study confirmed the thesis that the central place in the onomastic space belongs to anthroponyms, which in large part are among the precedent names that are of great importance in the formation of the Russian linguistic personality. This conclusion convincingly emphasizes the special role of the academic subject “Russian language” in this process. The prospects of the work are associated with the expansion of the study of systemic relations within the onomastic space, identifying the content and structure of the associative-cultural background of its key units, establishing the specifics of the functioning of proper names in the texts of textbooks on the Russian language in comparison with normative-scientific texts on other subjects, et al.

Social work practice and outcomes in rehabilitation: a scoping review.

Social work is a long-established profession in health care and rehabilitation. Reviewing the evidence on effects of social work interventions shows inconsistencies, with several studies indicating positive, negative, or no significant effect at all. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to provide an international overview of the research on social work practice in rehabilitation. Two research questions about the activities performed by social workers in rehabilitation settings and the reported outcomes to evaluate social work interventions were guiding the analysis. A scoping review was conducted in order to identify these activities and reported outcomes. The literature search was carried out in two databases (PubMed, SocINDEX). Additionally, the authors searched manually for literature in rehabilitation science and social work journals. Inclusion criteria encompassed the involvement of social workers and a description of their activities. The context in which social work's practice had to take place was a rehabilitation setting. A total of 2,681 records could be identified by searching the databases, journals, proceedings and reference lists. 66 sources met the predefined inclusion criteria. A majority of the identified activities that social workers perform are case related. Topics that may occur in these case encounters are the social environment of the patient, financial/social security, work-related issues and others. Of particular note are activities such as assessment, counseling and education. When applying the ICF framework, the outcomes are distributed across almost all components with an emphasis on Participation. This review demonstrates that social work has a vital role in the interprofessional rehabilitation team on an international level. However, there is still a need for more research about the effectiveness of social work interventions. We identified internationally common social work core activities/issues and derived a proposal for specific outcomes for future evaluation research.

Phenotype selection due to mutational robustness.

The mutation-selection mechanism of Darwinian evolution gives rise not only to adaptation to environmental conditions but also to the enhancement of robustness against mutations. When two or more phenotypes have the same fitness value, the robustness distribution for different phenotypes can vary. Thus, we expect that some phenotypes are favored in evolution and that some are hardly selected because of a selection bias for mutational robustness. In this study, we investigated this selection bias for phenotypes in a model of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) using numerical simulations. The model had one input gene accepting a signal from the outside and one output gene producing a target protein, and the fitness was high if the output for the full signal was much higher than that for no signal. The model exhibited three types of responses to changes in the input signal: monostable, toggle switch, and one-way switch. We regarded these three response types as three distinguishable phenotypes. We constructed a randomly generated set of GRNs using the multicanonical Monte Carlo method originally developed in statistical physics and compared it to the outcomes of evolutionary simulations. One-way switches were strongly suppressed during evolution because of their lack of mutational robustness. By examining one-way switch GRNs in detail, we found that mutationally robust GRNs obtained by evolutionary simulations and non-robust GRNs obtained by McMC have different network structures. While robust GRNs have a common core motif, non-robust GRNs lack this motif. The bistability of non-robust GRNs is considered to be realized cooperatively by many genes, and these cooperative genotypes have been suppressed by evolution.

Research on Design Method and Application of Bandgap Voltage Reference

Abstract. With the progress and development of modern science and technology, more and more fields are inseparable from analog IC, and the demand for analog IC is increasing. From aerospace to mobile phones and televisions, analog IC are an indispensable part of these fields. In analog IC, one of the most common core components is a voltage reference that outputs a stable voltage that is not affected by temperature. However, the working environment of the voltage source will be different in different fields, so the design of voltage reference that meets the needs of their respective fields is one of the key research topics today, but there is still a lack of comparison and summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the different structures of the voltage reference used in different fields. Therefore, the research theme of this paper is to introduce the structure of voltage reference used in different fields, and compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different structures, and discuss the development direction of future voltage reference on this basis.

What Should Psychometricians Know about the History of Testing and Testing Policy?

AbstractIn 2023, a National Council on Measurement in Education Presidential Task Force developed a consensus framework for foundational competencies in educational measurement to guide graduate programs and subsequent professional development. This article elaborates on the social, cultural, historical, and political context subdomain from that framework. A graduate course on the history of testing and testing policy in the United States is proposed to help measurement professionals develop an understanding of historic belief systems and theories of action that affect every aspect of testing applications—definition of constructs, instrument design, respondents’ interactions, interpretations and use of results, and both intended and unintended consequences. Two, accessible, key readings are proposed for each of 14 weeks addressing the following topics: IQ testing and deficit perspectives; special education placements, disproportionality, and accommodations; grade retention and tracking; college admissions testing; standards‐based reforms; 1990s performance assessment innovations; NCLB and school accountability; achievement gaps and opportunity to learn; NAEP and international assessments; standard setting and NAEP achievement levels; Common Core State Standards and ESSA; formative assessment and research on learning; culturally responsive assessment.

City of Pure Water:

This 9th and 10th grade multimodal writing unit takes a place-based approach to argumentative writing. Over ten lessons, students explore a local environmental issue through teacher-curated text sets before working with a partner to create a visual essay arguing for a community-based solution. The unit was originally designed and implemented in an Intensive Reading/English Language Arts combination classroom and aims to support and scaffold diverse learners. The unit is aligned to both 9th-10th Grade Common Core and Florida BEST standards on argumentation and organization. The goal of the unit is to foster students’ abilities to write and develop specific claims in their arguments.

Vulnerability to Achievement Stressors: More Evidence That Students With Learning Disabilities Require Intensive Intervention.

In this article, we introduce the term vulnerability to achievement stressors, which refers to differentially low achievement when shifts in the educational environment "stress" or threaten the capacity of an individual or a group of individuals to make academic progress. We also introduce a methodological framework for assessing vulnerability to achievement stressors. Vulnerability to achievement stressors in students with learning disabilities (LD), relative to students without disabilities, is illustrated with two achievement stressors: (a) the shift in learning standards codified in Common Core State Standards, specifically the increase in complexity of the fourth-grade fractions curriculum, and (b) the COVID-19 pandemic, which decreased instructional structure by disrupting in-person teaching. Because these illustrations were embedded within randomized controlled trials, each with an inclusive instruction condition and an intensive intervention condition, they also provide the basis for concluding that intensive intervention is more effective than inclusive instruction for addressing students with LD's vulnerability to achievement stressors and for narrowing their persistently severe achievement gaps.

Thalamocortical dysrhythmia and reward deficiency syndrome as uncertainty disorders

A common anatomical core has been described for psychiatric disorders, consisting of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and anterior insula, processing uncertainty. A common neurophysiological core has been described for other brain related disorders, called thalamocortical dysrhythmia (TCD), consisting of persistent cross-frequency coupling between low and high frequencies. And a common genetic core has been described for yet another set of hypodopaminergic pathologies called reward deficiency syndromes (RDS). Considering that some RDS have the neurophysiological features of TCD, it can be hypothesized that TCD and RDS have a common anatomical core, yet a differentiating associated neurophysiological mechanism. The EEGs of 683 subjects are analysed in source space for both differences and conjunction between TCD and healthy controls, RDS and healthy controls, and between TCD and RDS. A balance between current densities of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) extending into the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dACC is calculated as well. TCD and RDS share a common anatomical and neurophysiological core, consisting of beta activity in the dACC and theta activity in dACC extending into precuneus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. TCD and RDS differ in pgACC/vmPFC activity and demonstrate an opposite balance between pgACC/vmPFC and dACC. Based on the Bayesian brain model TCD and RDS can be defined as uncertainty disorders in which the pgACC/vmPFC and dACC have an opposite balance, possibly explained by an inverted-U curve profile of both pgACC/vmPFC and dACC.

Nontechnical Factors and Postprocedural Considerations for Image-guided Breast Biopsy.

Beyond the technical aspects, success and long-term patient outcomes of image-guided breast biopsies depend on the overall patient experience. Patient experience in turn is influenced by intangible factors, such as environmental features during the procedure; patient-centered communication prior to, during, and subsequent to the procedure; and management of expectations and biopsy complications. Here, we review evidence-based literature and results of a national Society of Breast Imaging survey on approaches to both mitigate and manage common image-guided core biopsy complications as well as nontechnical strategies to improve the patient biopsy experience.

Disentangling the shared and unique aspects of clinical and subclinical socially aversive traits relevant for interpersonal personality dysfunction.

Most socially and/or ethically aversive traits from clinical and broad personality research overlap to a large degree. For the latter, however, the association with interpersonal personality dysfunction (IPD) is understudied. Moreover, it is also unclear to what extent the associations of aversive traits with IPD are due to their shared versus unique aspects. We investigate these questions based on a theoretical framework that comprehensively describes the shared variance of all aversive traits. To this end, we concurrently measured 20 aversive traits from clinical and broad personality research together with their common core. Results from five studies (four of them preregistered, total N = 4,847) revealed that all aversive traits are associated with IPD and that most do so (only) due to their common core. Only three traits offered additional aspects beyond the common core relevant for IPD. The results inform debates about whether to include more traits in the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Novel Fused Pyrimidines as Potent Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Inhibitor for Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Combined InVitro, In Silico Anticancer Studies.

Our research aims to design novel pyrimidine derivatives inspired by the common pyrimidine core found in many FDA-approved drugs. However, extensive prior research on the pyrimidine scaffold has made discovering new molecules more challenging. To overcome this obstacle, we employed a molecular hybridisation strategy, opting to hybridise tetralin and pyrimidine, recognising their potential in cancer therapeutics. The fused pyrimidine was synthesised through a base-mediated condensation of chalcone with amidine. The reaction conditions were further optimised for base, solvent, temperature and time to produce a series of 21 novel derivatives. These compounds were subsequently screened for anticancer activity against gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using the MTT assay. Among the synthesised compounds, 2-(pyridin-3-yl)-4-(pyridin-3-yl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazoline 8b and 4-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)-5,6 dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-4-yl) phenol 5g exhibited potent anticancer activity compared to (R)-Roscovitine. Additionally, a molecular docking study was conducted to assess the reactivity of compound 5g, revealing that the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl group enables hydrogen bonding with CDKs and enhances anticancer activity. Furthermore, the efficacy of compound 5g was validated through an invitro CDK2/cyclin A2 enzyme inhibition assay. Interestingly, the observed CDK2 inhibitory activity showed a good correlation with the corresponding value for the antiproliferative activity of the tested compounds.

Relationships of Prodiginins Mechanisms and Molecular Structures to their Antiproliferative Effects.

The Prodiginins (PGs) natural pigments are secondary metabolites produced by a broad spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, notably by species within the Serratia and Streptomyces genera. These compounds exhibit diverse and potent biological activities, including anticancer, immunosuppressive, antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antiviral effects. Structurally, PGs share a common tripyrrolic core but possess variable side chains and undergo cyclization, resulting in structural diversity. Studies have investigated their antiproliferative effects on various cancer cell lines, with some PGs advancing to clinical trials for cancer treatment. This review aims to illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying PG-induced apoptosis in cancer cells and explore the structure-activity relationships pertinent to their anticancer properties. Such insights may serve as a foundation for further research in anticancer drug development, potentially leading to the creation of novel, targeted therapies based on PGs or their derivatives.

SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF PREPOSITIONS AND PRO-FORMS IN CAMEROON FRANCOPHONE ENGLISH

This paper examines the syntactic features of prepositions and pro-forms by Cameroon Francophone English (CamFE) users with a tertiary education level. Written and spoken data were drawn from 95 participants from various domains encompassing administration, education, sports, and politics. A corpus of 136,767 words was built and exploited following the corpus linguistics methodology. The AntConc analytical toolkit was used in sorting out data. Quirk and Greenbaum’s (1973) structural approach to grammar was used as the analytical framework to establish the common core features (CCFs) and the interfered features (IFs). It was found that the English by Francophone Cameroonians is characterised by features that drift away from the common core features. Items were inserted, substituted, anticipated, delayed or clustered. The French language has impacted those features in a considerable degree. The conclusion that is drawn from the analysis is that CamFE is a francophonised non-native variety of English in Cameroon.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0717/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Clinicopathological Features of Pakistani Patients with Anti Aquaporin-4 (Aqp-4) Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD): A Comparison with Local, Regional and International StudiesOPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER(NMOSD)-A COMPARISON WITH LOCAL, REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

Objective: To characterize clinicopathological characteristics of patients with anti AQP-4 antibody positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in local population in order to facilitate clinicians in timely diagnosis and treatment of this rare debilitating illness. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2021 to Dec 2022. Methodology: The study included 369 individuals presenting at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology for serum anti AQP-4 antibody testing by indirect immunofluorescence. Commercial Anti Aquaporin-4 Indirect Immunofluorescence Test Slides along with control serum (EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Lubeck, Germany) were used and immune-fluorescence was observed using immunofluorescent microscope BA-310. Results: Out of 369 patients who were tested for Anti Aquaporin-4 antibody, 168(45.5%) were females and 201(54.5%) were males. Total 9(2.43%) patients tested positive including 5(55.5%) females and 4(44.4%) males (p=0.947). Most prevalent core clinical characteristics among patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder were optic neuritis 7(77.8%), acute myelitis 7(77.8%) and area postrema syndrome 6(66.6%). Common presenting core clinical characteristics were area postrema syndrome 4(44.4%) and acute myelitis 4(44.4%). Average diagnostic delay in our study was 2.7±3.2 years. Conclusion: By keeping high index of suspicion for presenting core clinical characteristics (area postrema syndrome and acute myelitis) clinicians may be able to diagnose and treat this rare disease timely hence decrease average diagnostic delay and prevent associated morbidity and mortality.

OS EMPRESÁRIOS DO MOVIMENTO PELA BASE NACIONAL COMUM E SUAS AÇÕES PARA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA ÚNICO DE EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA

The aim of this article is to reflect on and criticize the influence of businesspeople in the education sector. In particular, it discusses the actions of the Todos pela Base (All for the Base) Movement as a member of the Todos pela Educação (All for Education) movement, seeking to continue the project of spreading and implementing neoliberal logic in Brazilian basic education. This group acted strongly to ensure that the National Common Core Curriculum was approved and then complied with in all schools in Brazil, through a system of monitoring and follow-up. Mandatory in nature, the Base has been making all basic education in Brazil adapt, implement and comply with a common reference for curricula so that it is the same for everyone. The aim is thus to expose the new strategies used by these organizations, how they have acted, what their real objectives are and whether they are being achieved. This will lead to an analysis of the consequences for Brazilian education and who is affected and perhaps harmed by this model of education, as well as the position and role of the state in relation to these new demands.

Investigation of the poloidal magnetic flux at the PF-3 plasma focus within the framework of the program of laboratory simulation of astrophysical jets

Astrophysical jets are collimated plasma outflows observed in diverse astrophysical settings covering seven decades of spatial scale and twenty decades of power, which, nevertheless, share many common features. This similarity over wide range of scales indicates a common core of physics underlying this phenomenon, leading to considerable interest in observational, theoretical and numerical studies. Laboratory astrophysics experiments for simulating astrophysical jets are premised on this common core of physics responsible for multi-scale similarity of jets remaining valid down to laboratory spatial scales of millimeters. Jets formed after the disassembly of the non-cylindrical z-pinch formed in a plasma focus installation have recently been subjects of observational studies. They offer an important complementarity to the main lines of investigations in two respects. Firstly, the multi-faceted role of gravity, radiation, nuclear reactions and related astrophysics is eliminated retaining only a rapid implosion of a compact plasma object in a magnetohydrodynamic environment as a common feature. Secondly, observations can be made using techniques of laboratory plasma diagnostics. In this paper, we report preliminary results regarding presence of poloidal magnetic flux associated with the jets lasting long after the pinch disassembly. This is significant in the context of uncertainty regarding the origin of poloidal magnetic field postulated in several MHD models of astrophysical jet phenomena. Evidence indicating presence of a radial component of electric field suggests existence of plasma rotation as well. These results suggest that more refined experiments can provide insights into the astrophysical jetting phenomena not available from observational astronomy techniques.

Adaptive teaching: Latin and the use of digital parsing tools

Abstract The Initial Teacher Training (ITT) Common Core Framework (CCF) requires all teachers to adapt classroom teaching to support all students (Department for Education, 2024). While the Department for Education's previously-encouraged concept of ‘differentiation’ was well-intentioned, in that tasks were meant to be graded to support and develop all students' learning in a class where there were many different levels of prior attainment, it tended to mean that in practice in the classroom different tasks were often set to cater to the supposed different learning attributes of students. Differentiation has now been superseded by the concept of ‘adaptive teaching’. Adaptive teaching is characterised by teaching that takes account of the range in prior attainment of students and anticipates barriers to learning by providing resources or specific support so that they may all achieve the same intended outcomes. Classics teaching is often characterised by the reading of large amounts of text, both in the original languages of Latin or ancient Greek or in translation. Students in the Classics classroom contain a wide range of prior attainment, cultural experiences and may have barriers to learning, such as Special Educational Needs and Disabilities. This article presents findings of how the use of a blended language approach, involving the digital parsing tools in the Cambridge Latin Course and Suburani Latin course books, improved the quantity of translation of Latin achieved by students of mixed prior attainment and encouraged a more effective use of classroom time to develop deeper comprehension and understanding of the translated texts.