Committee Decision Research Articles

Analisis Kinerja Underwriter Dalam Menentukan Calon Peserta pada Produk Dana Pensiun: Studi Kasus Ajb Bumiputera 1912 Wilayah Medan

Insurance is a series of processes related to the supply of services needed by the community in quality. The magnitude of the influence of insurance on the sustainability of a company also makes the insurance process a good risk control. Without good handling, the impact on performance will be very large. This study uses qualitative research. Qualitative research is research that emphasizes the aspect of in-depth understanding of a problem rather than looking at the problem for generalization research. Underwriter performance assessment is carried out by the company leadership by considering the results of meetings of superiors, staff groups, committee decisions, field reviews and subordinates or colleagues. : a. Quality of work b. Work quantity c. Reliable d. Cooperative work Keywords: AJB Bumiputera 1912, Pension Fund and Underwriter

Strategic Expert Committees and the Markets That Assess Them: A Laboratory Experiment

Committees of experts are widely used to make decisions. We experimentally investigate the relationship between decision making in committees and the assessment of the ability of committee members by evaluators, comparing observed behavior with theoretical predictions. Treatments vary in whether members care only about a state-dependent project payoff or also about assessments and whether evaluators can base their assessments only on the decision the committee makes or also on cheap-talk statements made by committee members on their confidence in the committee decision. Evidence for the equilibrium predictions is mixed; for example, contrary to theory, committees with a concern for their assessment do not distort their decisions more than committees without, whereas in line with theory, evaluators give higher assessments to committees that take the risky decision rather than the riskless. We analyze whether evaluators rationally base their assessments on observed behavior of committees using an orthogonality test. In treatments with cheap-talk statements, assessments are quite rational; in treatments without, they are too low on average. We investigate whether committees best reply to expected project payoffs and, in treatments in which members’ payoffs also depend on assessments, to predicted assessments conditional on observed committee behavior. In all treatments, committees respond to the possibilities to raise expected payoffs but do not use them as much as predicted by theory. We conclude by showing that the amount of information about committee members’ abilities that ends up in assessments is considerably larger when evaluators observe committees’ decisions and statements rather than only decisions. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) under the grant 400-09-338; and Erasmus University Rotterdam [Grant CSTO 2014–54]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.03007 .

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. A total of 208 manuscripts were submitted to the conference. Three rounds of review were adopted, the first round was subject scope, scientific, technical and innovative review, and 132 articles were left after this round of review; the second round was double-expert blind review to strive for the originality, scientific and applied value of the articles, and 79 manuscripts were left in the second round. Finally, the third round was the process committee's collective decision to accept the final articles. Finally, 54 excellent articles were selected. Type of peer review: Double Anonymous Conference submission management system: Morressier Number of submissions received: 208 Number of submissions sent for review: 132 Number of submissions accepted: 54 Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 26% Average number of reviews per paper: 2 Total number of reviewers involved: 36 Contact person for queries: Name: Wang Zhongsheng Email: wangzhongsheng@xatu.edu.cn Affiliation: Xi’an Technological University, China.

Evaluating the Role of Competency-Based Behavioral Interviewing in Holistic Medical School Admissions.

Holistic review is a multifaceted concept that aims to increase diversity and applicant fit with program needs by complementing traditional academic requirements with appraisal of a wider range of personal characteristics and experiences. Behavioral interviewing has been practiced and studied in human resources, business, and organizational psychology for over 50 years. Its premise is that future performance can be anticipated from past actions. However, many of the interview approaches within the holistic framework are resource intensive and logistically challenging. The Vanderbilt University School of Medicine instituted a competency-based behavioral interview (CBBI) to augment the selection process in 2012. Behavioral interviews are based on key competencies needed for entering students and require applicants to reflect on their actual experiences and what they learned from them. The authors reviewed 5 years of experience (2015-2019) to evaluate how CBBI scores contributed to the overall assessment of applicants for admission. The final admission committee decision for each applicant was determined by reviewing multiple factors, with no single assessment determining the final score. The CBBI and summary interview scores showed a strong association ( P < .005), suggesting that the summary interviewer, who had access to the full applicant file, and the CBBI interviewer, who did not, assessed similar strengths despite the 2 different approaches, or that the strengths assessed tracked in the same direction. Students whose 2 interview scores were not aligned were less likely to be accepted to the school. The review raised awareness about the cultural aspects of interpreting the competencies and the need to expand our cultural framework throughout interviewer training. Findings indicate that CBBIs have the potential to reduce bias related to overreliance on standardized metrics; however, additional innovation and research are needed.

PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUAL PROPERTY IN DUBAI REAL ESTATE EXPROPRIATION LAW OF 2022 IN LIGHT OF NARROWING THE CONCEPT OF PUBLIC BENEFIT

In light of the rapid urban and cultural renaissance in Dubai and the need to expropriate real estate owned by individuals, this paper discusses the protection of individual property in the Emirate of Dubai Real Estate Expropriation Law of 2022. It has sought to examine and investigate the process of expropriation of individual property under the Emirate of Dubai Expropriation Law No. (2) of 2022 and to show that the Dubai legislature has narrowed the concept of public benefit and defined the conditions and mechanism of expropriation, the body responsible for issuing expropriation decisions, and what procedures should be followed. This study is of great importance as it shows that property rights are protected under the UAE Federal Constitution of 1971 and the Emirate of Dubai Real Estate Expropriation Law of 2022. It contributes to illuminating the way for the expropriation committee to take the necessary measures that help determine the fair compensation that should be paid to the owner of the expropriated property. It has concluded that expropriation is one of the most dangerous interferences with property rights and this interference is restricted to exercise in the public benefit and exchange for fair compensation. Our findings, however, emphasise the need to set controls and standards for the concept of public benefit and introduce a right to appeal the expropriation committee's decision before the court. In this research, we adopt a mix of descriptive, analytical, and inductive approaches to thoroughly evaluate and link the legislative texts and judicial rulings.

Juridical Analysis of Indonesian Parliamentary Ethical Committee: Analyzing Supervision Function within Indonesian Parliament

This research was made under the basis that the role of the People's Representative Council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat/DPR) the Republic of Indonesia supervision that fell to the Parliamentary Ethical Committee (Mahkamah Kehormatan Dewan/MKD) has not yet been fair and how to ensure that the Ethical Implementation in Indonesian Parliament can be done properly in a constructivism paradigm where the type of research method used is normative juridical and the specifications of this research have a descriptive-analytical nature with the approach used by the author being a statutory approach. The research results found that the supervision by the DPR of the Republic of Indonesia Honorary Court has not yet been fair was because most of Ethical Committee Member were fellow DPR Member causing the political interests of the respective political parties does not want their members to be sanctioned, even at the cost of not upholding the DPR ethics. Therefore, to improve the system for handling cases and supervision, the DPR Honorary Body, researchers found several solutions that can be implemented based on comparisons with Ethics Committees in the Parliaments of other countries. First, strengthening the independence of the Ethical Committee through external, non-partisan selection processes would mitigate political influence. Clearer ethical codes with enforceable penalties are crucial, ensuring accountability for violations. Legal protections to shield Ethical Committee decisions from political pressures are also proposed. Expanding Ethical Committee authority and sanctions, alongside mandatory public reporting, would enhance transparency and compliance. These reforms aim to address current challenges and elevate ethical standards within the Indonesian Parliament effectively.

Innovations report: A grading committee for a required fourth-year emergency medicine clerkship.

Assessment of medical students in the clinical learning environment is fraught with challenges. Seemingly small variations in clinical clerkship evaluation can significantly impact a student's future. As such, the integrity of the grade selection process must be heavily scrutinized. Group decision making in the form of a clerkship grading committee may be part of a solution to address this complex problem. We conducted a retrospective observational study to describe grading committee decisions for a required fourth-year EM clerkship from August 2021 to April 2022. Literature on best practices for group decision making and assessment were reviewed. This informed the development and implementation of the committee process. Each committee meeting was video recorded and coded for discussion time per student, times the committee grade differed from historical-grade cutoffs with reasoning, and the frequency a committee member voiced a first-hand account of student performance. Data from nine meetings was reviewed (86 students). The mean discussion time per student was 2 min 13 s (range 11 s to 9 min 22 s). The final committee decision differed from historical-grade cutoffs for nine students (10%), six were adjusted above and three below. In 64% (55/86) of student reviews a committee member voiced a first-hand experience of working with the student. Positive grade adjustments were made due to outlier evaluations and negative adjustments were made for professionalism concerns. Grading committees are a means to conduct a comprehensive review of student performance and offer shared ownership of the grade decision among committee members. More study is needed to directly determine their potential benefit and role in clerkship grading.

Menstrual poverty scale: reliability and validity study

ABSTRACT The tendency toward poverty in the globalizing world significantly affects women. Unlike men, women have mandatory expenses every month. Especially poor women have difficulty in accessing to the hygienic products they need during the menstrual period. That is why, this study aims to develop a measurement tool that can effectively and widely assess women’s menstrual poverty. This study is a methodological study that evaluates the psychometric properties of the scale. The study included 420 women living in a middle-income province in the north of Türkiye between April – July, 2023. The data were collected using the Menstrual Poverty Scale, and the items on the scale were developed based on a review of existing literature and expert opinions (CVI = 0.85–0.95). The sample was divided into two parts. It was made exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Before conducting the study, an ethics committee decision and informed consent of the women were obtained. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 programs. The EFA revealed a structure consisting of 13 items and four factors. The four factors considered were as follows; access to hygiene products, quality of life, embarrassment, and receiving information, and education about menstruation. The item factor loadings varied from 0.46 to 0.91. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was determined to be 0.69. The corrected item-total correlations for the scale items ranged from 0.62 to 0.84. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the structural equation modeling results of the Menstrual Poverty Scale were found to be meaningful (p = .000; RMSEA 0.64; CMIN/Df 1.70). It is suggested to conduct validity and reliability studies in different cultures by applying the scale to women from different cultural backgrounds.

Do deeds match words? India’s monetary policy needs to “walk the talk” for inflation anchoring

Transparent and consistent communication is integral for effective central bank policymaking. The challenge is more acute in emerging markets where the spectrum of audience is wide and significantly heterogenous, each with their own information needs. To cater to this diverse spectrum, several central banks publish the records on Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) decision, detailing the minutes and voting by members. Whether such voting pattern by the members is consistent with their sentiments as embedded in the minutes of meetings remains an open question. To address this issue, we utilise data from Indian MPC, compute a sentiment index across member-meetings, and correlate it with their voting behaviour, after controlling for other confounding factors. Unlike prior studies, our analysis onboards a neutral sentiment, in addition to hawkishness and dovishness. The findings reveal that sentiments expressed by members in the MPC meetings is not always reflected in their voting behaviour, creating a chasm between deeds (voting) and words (sentiments). Robustness tests reinforce these findings, although there exist differential effects across internal versus external members. From a policy standpoint, the analysis suggests that MPCs need to ‘walk the talk' for effective inflation anchoring.

The prevalence of RCTs in PARP and immune-checkpoint blockade combination trials: An appraisal of clinical evidence generation in oncology.

e23006 Background: PARP-inhibitors were developed to promote lethal genomic instability in cancers with homologous recombination repair (HRR) defects, ultimately receiving approval for patients with BRCA gene mutations. At the tumor microenvironment, DNA instability is linked to higher expression of immune activating signals such as PDL1. PDL1 is one of the primary targets for immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), receiving approval for numerous cancer types. In-vitro studies support mechanisms of possible synergy for PARP and ICIs in combination. Despite both therapy classes being available to oncologists for nearly a decade, the clinical benefit for these agents together remains unclear. Our study aims to appraise the global clinical trial landscape for trials testing combination PARP and PD1/PDL1 regimens. Methods: Search terms for all known approved or unapproved PD1/PDL1 and PARP inhibitors associated with trials registered on the National Library of Medicine’s website, clinicaltrials.gov, were included in the cohort as long as one interventional arm administered both agents. Qualitative and quantitative trial data features were collected from the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) Immuno-Oncology Intelligence Database and complemented with manually sourced information from trial registries and publications. Contribution of Effect (COE) was defined as trials with two or more arms that compare our combination regimen of interest to PARP or an ICI alone. The presence of randomization, eligibility for randomized-controlled trial (RCT) status as well as COE was determined by three reviewers separately with disagreements settled by committee decision. Results: In total, we found 188 clinical trials that enrolled 39,268 patients. A minority of 17 trials were phase I not considered as RCTs, leaving 37,827 patients across 171 trials for enrollment in phase II trials and beyond. Of these 171 trials, 80 (47 %) were single-arm studies without active comparator. Forty-nine (29%) used randomized assortment, 40 (23%) met criteria for an RCT and 33 (19%) met criteria for RCT with COE. In total, these 33 trials enrolled 14,803 patients. Of the 33, 17 (10%) enrolled patients with cancers that are approved for PARP blockade by the FDA and 11 (6%) employed genetic testing for HRR defects. Sponsorship ranged from 16 trials by industry, 6 by cooperative oncology group, 6 by academic institutions and 5 by the National Cancer Institute. Conclusions: Our study results highlight that the global clinical trial apparatus directs significant resources and patients towards trials with lower standards of evidence generation. Across sponsor types, there was a considerable number of trials that met the rigor of an RCT with COE. These findings show both promise and areas of improvement within the trial landscape to generate evidence relevant to the use of PARP and ICIs in combination.

A mortality indicator in acute pulmonary embolism: the inferior vena cava contrast reflux score feasibility

Objective: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is frequently associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Numerous studies have investigated the prognostic significance of cardiovascular computed tomography (CT) parameters. This study aimed to investigate potential CT scan predictors of 24-hour mortality in APE and to evaluate the value of the inferior vena cava (IVC) reflux score calculated on CT scan in predicting mortality. Methods: This study was a single-center, retrospective study. Approval from the local ethics committee (decision no. 2023/76) was obtained before patients’ data scanning. Patients who were admitted to the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary education and research hospital in Turkey between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, who were diagnosed with APE at CT scan in the ED and whose treatment was started, and who did not meet the exclusion criteria were included in the study. The relationship between CT scan findings and early and late mortality was evaluated. Results: The study population comprised 226 patients, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 226 patients, a total of 39 (17.3%) patients died, 16 (7.1%) within the first 24 hours. In evaluating CT scan parameters, the inferior vena cava (IVC) reflux score showed a statistically significant difference between the groups with and without mortality (24-hour P=0.001; 30-day P=0.001). Patients who died within the first 24-hour and 30-day after admission showed a reflux grade 3 into IVC more often than survivors (24-hour odds ratio (OR): 14.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.64,58.1; P=0.001); 30-day (OR: 6.54, 95% CI: 2.51,16.98; P=0.001). However, other CT parameters were evaluated, and no statistical relationship was found between the groups with and without mortality. Conclusion: The cardiovascular CT scan findings may not be suitable for use as predictors of mortality. However, the IVC reflux score may be a good indicator of both early and late mortality.

Factors Affecting Firm Value: Empirical Research on Non-Cyclicals Consumer Firms

This study aimed to examine the relationship between Corporate Governance proxied by Independent Commissioner and Audit Committee, Dividend Policy (DPR), and Investment Decision (PER) on Firm Value (PBV) with Financial Performance (ROA) as mediating variable. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique which obtained 102 observations of Consumer Non-Cyclicals companies during 2018-2022. The data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis. The research results showed that Dividend Policy has a positive effect on Financial Performance. On the contrary, this research showed that Independent Commissioners and Investment Decisions can reduce financial performance. The research results also showed that the Audit Committee, Dividend Policy, Investment Decisions, and Financial Performance have positive effect on firm value. However, Independent Commissioners has no effect on firm value. The results of the sobel test showed that Dividend Policy can improve the company's Financial Performance, so it can improve firm value of consumer non-cyclical companies.

Abstract CT089: A phase 1 multi-center, open label, dose escalation study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-tumor activity of T-1301, a novel small molecular multi-target kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors

Abstract Background: T-1301 is a novel small molecule multi-target kinase inhibitor, it also exhibited potent inhibitory activity against both wild type and mutant forms of various kinases, i.e., ABL1, FLT3, c-KIT, PDFGRA, RET, and TRKA. In in vitro studies, T-1301 effectively inhibited growth of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cells carrying mutations that are resistant to KIT-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in clinical use. In animal studies, tumor regressions were observed in AML and GIST xenograft models, while growth inhibition were observed in various other types of solid tumor models. Method: This is an open label, multi-centered Phase 1 dose escalating study (NCT05156203). The primary objectives are to establish the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D), and to assess the safety and tolerability of T-1301. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and therapeutic response after receiving treatment. Eligible Patient should have histologically and cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors (including lymphoma) with measurable or evaluable target lesion(s) per RICEST v1.1 and refractory to or without standard treatments, ECOG performance status 0-1, and adequate organ function. The dose escalation begins with accelerated titration and switch to the Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) design when either one of the following events is observed in Cycle 1: the first instance of DLT, or any Grade 2 or higher drug-related adverse event (AE) in any patient. Then, at least 2 additional subjects are treated at the current dose level and the dose escalation will follow the Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) design with cohorts of size 3-6.T-1301 is orally administered daily in a 28-day cycle (a 21-day consecutive dosing followed by a 7-day rest). The dosing schedule is once daily (QD) at the initial dose level and could be QD or twice daily starting with the second dose level according to the safety review committee (SRC) decision after reviewing the safety and PK data from each dose level. AEs are assessed according to CTCAE v5.0 and occurrence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) is determined during the first cycle of treatment. The safety findings are reviewed by the SRC, which will determine the MTD and RP2D. Tumor response evaluation is performed after 2 cycles of treatment and assessed according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. For those who benefit from the study medication after 2 treatment cycles, intra-subject dose escalation for multiple times is allowed in extension study period. Patient recruitment began in December 2021 and is ongoing in Taiwan. Citation Format: Jen-Shi Chen, Ming-Huang Chen, Yi-Chang Liu, Wen-Chi Chou, Nai-Jung Chiang, Hui-Ching Wang, Ta-Sen Yeh, Shih-Feng Cho, Cheng-Hsu Wang, I-Fang Lee, Li-Tzong Chen. A phase 1 multi-center, open label, dose escalation study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-tumor activity of T-1301, a novel small molecular multi-target kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT089.

Moderating Role of Audit Committee Effectiveness on the Relationship between Board Gender Charateristic and Quality If Integrated Reporting Among Firms Listed In Nse

The Audit Committee is claimed to bolster the reliability and precision of financial statement data by managing risks and advocating for ethical conduct within businesses. Its duties include examining financial information, supervising internal audits and auditor impartiality, verifying data presented to the board and shareholders, and scrutinizing ethical matters. Therefore, integrating the Audit Committee into public Joint Stock Companies (JSCs) has the potential to yield benefits for both the organizations and their stakeholders. Firms need to facilitate collaboration between the board and the audit committee to ensure alignment on strategic goals, risk management priorities, and reporting objectives. They also need to leverage the diverse perspectives and expertise of board members, including gender-diverse members, to inform audit committee discussions and decisions. Encourage open dialogue and information sharing between the board and the audit committee to enhance transparency and accountability in the reporting process. By implementing these strategies, firms can leverage the gender diversity of board members and the effectiveness of the audit committee to improve the quality of integrated reporting, leading to better decision-making, enhanced stakeholder trust, and long-term sustainable growth.

Künt Çoklu Travmalı Hastalarda Mortalite Belirleyicisi Olarak Laboratuvar Parametrelerinin Araştırılması

Purpose: In trauma patients, vital signs may not be beneficial in patient management. Therefore, evaluating vital signs, some laboratory parameters, and imaging methods is essential in managing trauma patients. Based on the hypothesis that lactate and base excess (BE) is an early marker of morbidity and mortality in the evaluation in blunt multi-trauma patients, we aimed to investigate the value of lactate albumin ratio and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) albumin ratio in addition to lactate and BE in predicting mortality in blunt multi-trauma patients.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This was a single-centre, retrospective study. Prior to data collection, approval was obtained from the local ethics committee (decision no. 2024/29). Patients admitted with multi-trauma to the emergency department of a tertiary education and research hospital in Turkey between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021, who did not meet the exclusion criteria, were included in the study. This study was he predictive value of Lactate, BE, Lactate to albumin ratio, and LDH to albumin ratio in predicting mortality in blunt multi-trauma patients.&#x0D; Results: The lactate cut-off value for mortality was 4.2, exhibiting 73.3% sensitivity and 89.2% specificity. The BE cut-off value for mortality was -3, exhibiting 80.0% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. The lactate albumin ratio cut-off value for mortality was 0.11, exhibiting 73.3% sensitivity and 90.8% specificity. The LDH albumin ratio cut-off value for mortality was 7.2, exhibiting 86.7% sensitivity and 58.5% specificity.&#x0D; Conclusion: Lactate albumin ratio was more specific in predicting mortality than lactate and BE, while LDH albumin ratio was more sensitive in predicting mortality than lactate and BE.

Strategic communication in committees with expressive payoffs

AbstractThis article explores information aggregation and strategic communication in settings where committee members are held accountable, formally or informally, for their individual voting decisions. We show that if decisions are made via majority voting, expressive payoffs introduce a free‐rider problem that prevents the committee from communicating truthfully and taking optimal decisions. In contrast, if decisions are made by unanimity, free‐riding is mitigated because all agents are responsible for the committee's decision. In a controlled laboratory experiment, we find that under unanimity subjects are more truthful and are ultimately more likely to take the optimal decision.

The role of the core requirements of Basel 3 Committee's decisions in improving internal audit quality under corporate governance in Jordanian commercial banks

The role of the core requirements of Basel 3 Committee's decisions in improving internal audit quality under corporate governance in Jordanian commercial banks

An Exploratory Study of Compensation Management of International Organizations: Focused on the UNMCK Case

This paper compares the UN organization's employee compensation system to Korean government officials' wages, focusing on fairness perceptions among UN-affiliated employees. It analyzes how the International Management Committee's decisions on the compensation level of the UN Memorial Cemetery in Korea (UNMCK) influence employee expectations. Factors like work valuation, capacity, achievement, and pension payments shape fairness perceptions. The study highlights the importance of considering job types in cross-country pay comparisons and emphasizes assessing expertise in reference group formation. Findings reveal UNMCK employees' remuneration exceeds agreed levels for Korean officials due to recruitment methods, rank determination, and wage increases. Critical insufficiencies in severance pay regulations, provided without individual contributions, are noted. The paper recommends a new, fair, and rational compensation system, emphasizing transparency, accountability, and audit practices within extraterritorial jurisdiction. Further research on international organizations' human resource management, aligned with the Korean government's strategies, is proposed for talent attraction and management. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of a fair UN compensation system, offering implications for international organizations and APEC member economies, emphasizing transparent and accountable compensation systems and effective governance.

Committee decisions impact on the World Heritage List: breaking the balance

This paper represents a part of my PhD study which aims to identify anomalies in the procedure of inscribing properties on the World Heritage List through a comparative study of the recommendations of the advisory bodies and of the final decisions taken by the World Heritage Committee between 2010 and 2019 and how they indirectly affect the credibility and the future of the 1972 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. How is the procedure evolving and what distortions can be identified between the stated principles and the inscriptions on the List? How does this influence the evolution of the World Heritage List and the concept of the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV)?

Copanlisib in Combination with Rituximab and Bendamustine for Transplant-Ineligible Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients: Results from the Phase II Multicenter Fil_Copa-Rb Trial from Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL)

Background: 60% of Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are cured with R-CHOP. Treatment options for relapsed/refractory (R/R) patients (pts) not eligible to high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transpntation (ASCT) or CAR-T are limited with short-lasting efficacy. The PI3-K inhibitor copanlisib showed activity in B-cell lymphomas including DLBCL. We reported the results of the phase II single arm multicenter FIL Copa-RB trial which investigated the combination copanlisib plus rituximab and bendamustine (copa-RB) in transplant-ineligible R/R DLBCL. Methods: Patients with R/R DLBCL previously treated with 1-3 prior lines, not eligible to ASCT and CAR-T were enrolled to receive 6 cycles of copa-RB q28 days (induction treatment schedule: copanlisib 60 mg i.v. days 1,8,15. Rituximab 375 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, Bendamustine 90 mg/m2 i.v. days 1,2). Patients with at least stable disease continued with a maintenance phase up to 12 q28 day cycles of Copanlisib (60 mg i.v. days 1,15). The primary end point was 12-month progression free survival (PFS) with an expected improvement from 20% to 35% and a calculated sample size of 81 pts. Results: From 11/2019 to 7/2022, 37 pts were enrolled. Median age was 76 years (68-87), 23 (62%) were at IPI ≥3, 25 (68%) had stage IV, 23 (62%) and 14 (38%) received 1 and 2 prior lines and 35% were refractory to the last treatment. The best overall response rate (ORR) was 51%, with 22% CR. With a median follow-up of 12 months, the 12-mo PFS was 25.2% (95%CI:13.6-38.5%) and median PFS 5.5 months (95%CI:3.7-10.0). The 12-mo overall survival (OS) was 49.4% (95%CI:30.7-65.7%) (fig. 1). Nine patients were alive and in continuous response at time of the data cut-off. 91% of the patients experienced grade &amp;gt; 2 adverse events (AE): neutropenia (58%), infections (28%), gastrointestinal (19%), skin (16%) and thrombocytopenia (13%). SARS-COV-2 infection occurred in 19% with 5 deaths. CMV reactivation occurred in 47%, but without infection. Febrile neutropenia was recorded in 2.8%. AEs led to dose interruptions in 19%. Since the slow recruitment, the unfavorable safety profile and the emerging of potentially more effective new treatment options in this setting of patient, the study was interrupted prematurely by steering committee decision. Conclusions: Copa-RB study was conducted in a difficult-to treat R/R DLBCL cohort (elderly, advanced stage) during COVID pandemic that affected its management. Copa-RB induced a good ORR, but it was short lasting with unfavorable safety profile, so the overall activity was modest and did not support further the development of this combination in this setting of patients. A subset of patients had a long-lasting response. A mutational study is ongoing to identify molecular pathways potentially predictive of response to the combination