Command Post Exercises Research Articles

Performance in Command and Control: Results From a Scoping Review

AbstractCommand and control are critical components of emergency management when disaster strikes. Command posts act as a support system within the command chain for leaders, and the performance of these teams is essential for the successful operation. This paper presents the findings of a scoping review on the performance of command posts, identifying six performance factors: scenario, resilience, situational awareness, decision making, team structures and teamwork, and operational execution. Furthermore, this paper presents objective indicators for performance measurement in three dimensions: process, effectiveness, and efficiency. Additionally, it provides insights and methodologies for evaluating command post exercises.

Автоматизация работы штаба по ликвидации чрезвычайной ситуации на объектах магистрального трубопровода

The efficiency of actions of emergency response personnel at major pipeline facilities is a key factor in minimizing accident consequences. In this paper the authors analyze command post exercises aimed at preparing for emergency responses (oil and petroleum products spill) with personnel working at Transneft enterprises. Shortcomings in organizing the operation of emergency response management groups have been identified. The main ones are as follows: lack of proper interaction and the necessary concurrence of actions of management group representatives; no algorithm for preparing reports and hence the failure to meet deadlines for submitting such reports to regulatory authorities. To some extent, these deficiencies have been minimized through the development and implementation of emergency reporting logs in routine practices of management groups. However, many processes have still been highly dependent on the human factor leading to errors, and the emergence and spread of false and contradictory information in the course of emergency response activities. An appropriate automated information system has been designed in order to minimize the effect of the human factor in organizing the work of emergency response management groups. The article presents its model, describing the algorithm of its operation and functionality. The system was introduced into production at Transneft Far East, LLC and was highly effective in terms of quality of document processing, optimizing time spent on report completion and submission, organizing data retrieval, and monitoring emergency response actions. The application of the developed information system has significantly reduced the number of demerits related to organizing the work of emergency response management groups. The system is unique in Russia: it can be used in real-life emergencies or for training personnel to act using the system’s training mode.

Упровадження автоматизованих систем управління військами в освітній процес вищих військових навчальних закладів та підготовку органів військового управління

У сучасних умовах вирішальне значення для досягнення успіху в операції (бою) має автоматизоване управління військами (силами), яке здійснюється в часі, наближеному до реального, та в єдиному інформаційному середовищі прийняття управлінських рішень на застосування військ (сил) і зброї. Оборонна реформа, запроваджена в Міністерстві оборони та Збройних Силах України, передбачає створення таких автоматизованих систем на основі передових стандартів НАТО. Це, у свою чергу, викликає необхідність підготовки кваліфікованих офіцерських кадрів, які були би здатні ефективно застосовувати ці системи.У статті викладено досвід упровадження автоматизованих систем управління військами в освітній процес Національного університету оборони України імені Івана Черняховського, який може бути використаний в інших вищих військових навчальних закладах та під час оперативної (бойової) підготовки військ.Національний університет оборони України відповідно до визначених наукових завдань здійснює дослідження проблем розвитку інформаційних технологій та удосконалення автоматизованих систем управління, а також впроваджує результати цих досліджень в освітній процес університету.Одним із таких результатів є створена в університеті навчальна автоматизована система управління військами (АСУВ) “Славутич”. Протягом останніх п’яти років АСУВ “Славутич” активно впроваджується в освітній процес університету. Слухачі факультативно вивчають технології застосування АСУВ “Славутич” та удосконалюють компетенції автоматизованого управління військами (силами) під час проведення занять з оперативно-тактичних дисциплін.Найбільш повно та комплексно АСУВ “Славутич” використовується під час проведення командно-штабних навчань та командно-штабних воєнних ігор зі слухачами випускних курсів. Досвід використання АСУВ “Славутич” свідчить про суттєвий вплив автоматизації на ефективність управління військами та навчання слухачів.АСУВ “Славутич” складають 10 функціональних та забезпечуючих підсистем (інформаційного обміну; відеоконференцзв’язку; електронного документообігу; організації роботи штабу; інформаційно-довідкова; збору і обробки даних; геоінформаційна; ведення і відображення положення, стану та дій військ; інформаційно-розрахункова; управління функціонуванням), стислий опис яких наведено у статті.

ДЕЯКІ ШЛЯХИ ТА ЗАХОДИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ В ІНТЕРЕСАХ ВИЩИХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ

Introduction. For today in normatively-legal acts, scientifically-methodical developments, scientific sources absent description of mechanisms of organization of scientific researches in interests of higher military educational establishments (HMEE), that does not allow to provide quality of researches and efficiency of realization of their results in HMEE.Purpose: to identify and systematize the ways and measures for improving research in the interests of universities of higher soldiery educational establishments.Methods: qualitative description, critical analysis of existing approaches to the organization of scientific research, abstracting, idealization and formalization during the definition of ways and measures to improve the organization of scientific research in the interests of HMEE. Results. For the increase of efficiency of scientific researches in interests of HMEE, assistance to providing of quality of functioning of all subjects of scientific activity, that is brought over next ways and events offer to their realization:1) realization and providing of educational process differentiation of directions (subjects) of the scientific providing (scientific researches) of educational activity of HMEE. It offers to organize scientific researches from the problems of organization, providing and researches the process of educational; 2) improvement of mechanisms (determination of features) of organization of scientific researches which are conducted on the order of HMEE. For upgrading scientific researches in interests of educational activity of HMEE it is expedient to conduct measures to on: individualizations (personalisations) of researches scientifically pedagogical workers; introductions of criteria, which determine quality of scientific research; the use of possibilities of scientific research is in command post exercises;3) upgrading of introduction of results of scientific researches is in educational activity of HMEE. It is for this purpose offered: to bring over the research workers of scientific subsections to realization of employments after a subject, that probed by them; to provide introduction of mechanisms of motivation as a result of scientific and scientific and technical activity; to work out and to introduce the system of realization of results of scientific researches Originality. The mechanisms of organization of scientific researches are improved in interests of HSEE, introduction of that will allow to provide quality of researches and efficiency of realization of their results in HSEE.Conclusion. The approaches expounded in the article it is expedient to examine as tendencies and prospects of development of the system of organization of scientific researches in interests of HSEE.

ADVANCED SYSTEM OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF CONTROLS (STAFFS) OF AVIATION CONNECTIONS DURING CARRYING OUT OF THE COMMAND-STAFF DOCTRINE

The results of the analysis of the experience of the great Patriotic war, modern military conflicts and practices of combat training of troops has allowed to establish that in case of lack of input information to the commander (staff) have to predict the missing elements of the situation and the probable character of the enemy, so time spent on assessment of the situation and, as a result, the decision will increase. During calculations it was found that the total time of work of officers of bodies of military management on the planning, up to 30 % of it is spent on collecting and understanding the data environment, up to 70 % - on development of operational (combat) documents, and organizational tasks. This circumstance causes the necessity of automation of processes of gathering information, assessing situation and making decisions. In modern conditions in a foreign army for increase of efficiency of use of the armed forces formed the information management system for various purposes and carried out their integration. In this regard, significantly increased requirements to information support of management (headquarters) aviation units during combat missions. As one of the important elements of training administration (headquarters) aviation units to perform combat tasks are command post exercises (CPE) there is a need for improvement of information support of the administration (headquarters) aviation units in the course of the CPE. The article describes the contents of the advanced information system of management bodies (HQ) air connection in the course of conducting command-staff exercises when working out combat training tasks of reflection of an air attack. Application of the advanced information system of management bodies (headquarters) aviation units in the course of exercise will enhance the efficiency and validity of the assessment group of enemy aircraft and decision-making officials combat crew KP (PU) when performing combat training missions.

Plowshares: An Emergency Management Training Simulation

The Plowshares project is applying military constructive simulation technology to training for emergency management. The U. S. Army's Janus combat simulation model was enhanced to support emergency management scenarios that include hurricanes, fires, and chemical spills. The enhanced Janus software, known as TERRA, has been used in a county Emergency Operations Center to provide the stimulus for training events structured as command post exercises. The first phase of the project culminated in a demon stration exercise using the TERRA system at the Orange County Florida Emergency Operations Center. In that demonstration Emergency Operations Center and response agency personnel responded to a hurricane and its subsequent tornadoes, fires, and rubble. This paper describes the overall Plowshares project, the hurricane, tornado, and fire models used in TERRA, and the methods for using TERRA to train emergency managers.