Command Buttons Research Articles

Automation of material cost comparative analysis report using VBA Excel: a case of footwear company of Lahore

Small and medium-sized firms in developing countries perform the majority of all reporting tasks in Microsoft excel. The material cost comparative analysis (MCCA) report took the user 58.51 minutes to complete and there was also a higher likelihood of calculation error. The report was created in Microsoft excel by the Lahore-based ABC footwear business. This used to take a lot of time to produce and there was a higher chance that the report would contain errors. This is because Microsoft excel visual basic for applications was used to automate the report. This report's manual preparation method was compiled by the company’s planning and costing division. Each activity was listed, followed by the completion of a time study. VBA macros were built in Excel to automate all manual report-related tasks and reduce the possibility of human error. Conditional statements were applied to help automated decision-making. To enable command buttons to run macros, one user form was created. There were various worksheets included in the MCA template. The automated template was found to consume only 16.26 minutes and it was quicker than the current technique.

Rendering and Optimization Algorithm of Digital City’s 3D Artistic Landscape Based on Virtual Reality

“Digital city” in a broad sense refers to urban informatization. That is to say, the digital city will gradually realize the informatization of the urban national economy and society by building infrastructure platforms such as broadband multimedia information network and geographic information system, integrating urban information resources, establishing e-government, e-commerce, labor, social insurance, and other information communities, to make the city in an invincible position in the competition of the information age. The virtual reality technology of urban three-dimensional landscape, or the establishment of a virtual city, is an important part of the vast project of digital city construction. This research mainly discusses the rendering and optimization algorithm of digital city 3D artistic landscape based on virtual reality. The article uses image stitching technology. Clean up unnecessary furniture in the CAD floor plan, and try to keep only the wall structure. Export drawings and save as dwg files for 3DMAX modeling. For adjacent overlapping images, the common features of the overlapping parts are determined by image matching, so that the images taken at different shooting positions and different viewing directions with a small angle of intersection are calculated to be unified. Take the photo coordinate system, and then find out the overlapping range of each direction for splicing. In the actual data acquisition process, most of the spatial data such as existing maps are used. It mainly includes topographic maps and the latest planning drawings, as well as planning and design drawings of various residential areas. In addition to determining the specific location of each feature, various maps are used to make a surface image (texture) of an urban area based on these data using Photoshop. The editing of roaming space is the key to realizing 3D panoramic virtual city browsing. Combined with the navigation of 3D panoramic map, using key technologies such as hotspot connection and command button, the 3D panoramic images collected in different places in the city can be effectively integrated into one, assisting with various multimedia elements, such as background music, animated videos, and language commentary, show the true appearance of the virtual city in all directions. Compared with the SURF algorithm, the SIFT algorithm extracts more feature points and more correctly matched point pairs, and the minimum time is 0.524 s. This research will contribute to the construction of the three-dimensional landscape of the digital city.

User Engagement With Mood-Related Content on the National Cancer Institute Smokefree.Gov Initiative Cessation Resources.

This study aimed to examine engagement with mood-related content on the Smokefree.gov Initiative's smoking cessation resources. Smokefree.gov website analytics (July 2018-July 2019) were analyzed for user interactions with mood content on informational webpages and interactive self-assessment tools (mood quizzes, smoking quit plans). We also examined mood feature engagement (texting or pressing a command button for mood support) among text program and app users (July 2018-July 2019). Mood webpage views comprised 1.5% of all Smokefree.gov webpage views. Depression quizzes represented 82.9% of quiz completions, and stress quizzes represented 0.4% of quiz completions. Stress, anxiety, and low mood were the most reported smoking triggers on quit plans. Approximately 7,000 text program users and 3,000 app users sought real-time mood support. Given the importance of mood management in the smoking cessation process these findings demonstrate promising opportunities to increase the reach of mood support resources.

Automation of order costing analysis by using Visual Basic for applications in Microsoft Excel

In the modern world of technologies (sciences of arts), optimum operation time is the prime consideration. Technologies with greater operation time are needed to be modified or replaced as per the requirement of the current scenario. In small and medium enterprises of developing countries, almost all the reporting activities are conducted in Microsoft Excel. The manual operation in Microsoft Excel takes a long time (17.37 minutes, only if there was one order of only one article with one color) of the users; furthermore, there can also be a greater chance of error in the report. In the same way, the order costing report at the ABC footwear company of Lahore is prepared manually in Microsoft Excel which used to take a long time to be prepared along with the greater probability of errors in the report. Because of the above-mentioned reasons, the order costing report was decided to be automated with the help of visual basic for applications (VBA) in Microsoft Excel. The manual procedure including all the activities was collected from the planning and costing department of ABC Company. Moreover, all the activities were listed down and their time study was conducted. VBA macros were programmed with the objectives of automating all the manual tasks of the order costing report in Microsoft Excel and eliminating the chance of error (calculation error made by the employee). Macros, were programmed by the use of conditional statements, (i.e. if and else conditions) and various types of loops, (i.e. Do while loop and for loop). Automated decisions were made with the help of conditional statements during the operation and the conditional statements were circulated with the help of loops across the whole worksheet. Two userforms were designed for the execution of macros by the click of command buttons (having macros at their back). Total eight worksheets were incorporated into the automated template. All the programmed VBA macros were explained with the help of flowcharts made in the Microsoft Visio. After the report was automated, a time study of operations performed after each click was conducted with the help of stop watch. The data obtained by the time study was entered into Microsoft Excel so that the time of old and suggested methods could be compared. Comparison of both methods indicated that the suggested method took 85.92% less time as compared to the old method of preparing the order costing report. At the same time, the report made by the suggested method was free of errors and the workload of employees was also reduced.

Optimization of material delivery time analysis by using Visual Basic for applications in Excel

<p>In small and medium enterprises, huge numbers of reports are prepared regarding the procurement, planning, production etc on daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and yearly basis. If the interval between preparation of same report is longer then there is the greater probability that employee can forget the procedure of preparing the report; thus it is beneficial to automate these types of reports especially when there is no cost required for automation. In the same way, material delivery analysis is a kind of report which is prepared on monthly basis and as per the employees` feedback they usually forget some of the steps of report formation; therefore, there was the chance of mistake at the end of employee. Therefore, this report was automated for to minimize the chance of error and report preparation time. All the manual tasks were enlisted and were programmed for automation by the help of VBA macros. For the execution of macros, userform was designed in visual basic editor (in MS excel) consisted on four command buttons and macros were called on command buttons` click. On pressing ‘ctrl + q’ userform used to appear on the screen. Furthermore, the comparison of old and automated methods was conducted to reflect the best suitable method. The report used to take 1.55 minutes to be made manually. Comparison of time of both methods of report formation indicated that suggested method took 70.86% less time as compared to the old method of preparing material delivery time analysis report.</p>

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСІВ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ В ПАКЕТІ AUTODESK INVENTOR

В роботі продовжується розгляд питань автоматизації окремих часто виконуваних операцій при моделюванні деталей та адаптації пакету Autodesk Inventor для спрощення роботи інженера-конструктора шляхом розробки додаткових інструментів для різних середовищ програми, зокрема, «3D-модель» та «Ескіз». Задачі розв’язано завдяки наявності вбудованої системи програмування Inventor-функціональних можливостей програми, що дозволяє використовувати її інструменти через власний код користувача. Мета даної роботи полягає в розробці та апробації алгоритмів та відповідного коду, що розширює можливості базових інструментів комп'ютерного моделювання програми Inventor для підвищення ефективності роботи конструктора та зменшення витрат часу на рутинні операції. Було розроблено та впроваджено в практику низку засобів, які дозволяють додати нові операції побудови геометричних примітивів, які зараз не передбачені в програмі (але були присутні в інших, наприклад, в пакеті AutoCAD): це побудова спільних дотичних та спряжень кіл, побудова робочих площин або граней тіла під заданим кутом, побудова конічних фасок, відображення моделі в диметричній проекції. Програмування виконувалось в середовищі Autodesk Inventor з використанням Inventor API та мови Visual Basic. Слід зазначити, що оволодіння можливостями створення власних програмних додатків для адаптації пакету Autodesk Inventor (і не тільки його), які вивчаються в університеті в рамках дисциплін комп'ютерного проектування, дозволить студентам в подальшому стати кваліфікованими фахівцями, як в конструюванні сучасних вузлів і агрегатів, так і в питаннях адаптації існуючих програм до потреб конкретного виробництва. Використання запропонованих додатків до програми організовано за допомогою створених кнопок команд, розміщених на стрічці інструментів. Впровадження цих додатків здійснене в навчальний процес та рекомендоване для виробництва, що дозволить суттєво прискорити та спростити роботу з пакетом.

Evaluating Web and Mobile User Interfaces With Semiotics: An Empirical Study

Computer interface signs, such as navigational links, thumbnails, small images, command buttons, symbols, icons, etc., which serve as communication artifacts between designers/systems and users, constitute an under-researched area. To design and evaluate intuitive interface signs, the Semiotic Interface Sign Design and Evaluation (SIDE) framework was developed. The aim of this study is to test the framework's applicability to evaluate web and mobile user interfaces. To that end, two empirical user studies were conducted among a total of 86 practitioners (n1 = 58, n2 = 28). The results show that the SIDE framework helps identify unique usability problems, such as the intuitiveness of interface signs in terms of their referential meaning, which would not have been detected with traditional heuristic evaluation methods. The paper increases our understanding of the intuitive nature of interface signs of web and mobile interfaces, and of the practical use of intuitive signs.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ AUTODESK INVENTOR API ТА МОВИ ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ VISUAL BASIC ДЛЯ ОПРАЦЮВАННЯ ПАРАМЕТРІВ МОДЕЛІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЗУБЧАСТИХ КОЛІС)

The consideration of the adaptation of the Autodesk Inventor package for the execution of drawings, in accordance with current standards was continued. The proposed changes relate to the development of gear models using the appropriate design wizard and the design of their drawings, in particular, the parameter table, according to standards. The created software application for the Autodesk Inventor package is described. It is implemented in the Visual Basic programming language, which provides access to the model database through the application programming interface (API). The choice of the specified programming environment is due to the fact that it is built-in to the Inventor package and has a powerful code debugger. The proposed module creates a number of additional user parameters for the gear model, which are transferred to the drawings made on the basis of the previously developed gear drawings template. This template contains the necessary tables for all variants of cylindrical and conical gears and was described in a previous article [6]. The problem of finding and selecting the necessary parameters from the database of the part has been solved, regardless of the mode of operation of the design wizard used (“component” or “element” modes). Also supported are the models obtained after creating gears with a valid involute tooth profile, obtained in the special mode of the gear generator. The launch of the proposed program is organized with the help of the created command button located on the tool ribbon of the “3D Model” tab. This application is introduced into the educational process and is recommended for industry, which will significantly speed up and simplify the work with the package. Keywords: computer modeling, parameterization, gears, software application, Inventor API, VBA.

Design of Wheelchairs Robot Based on ATmega128 to People with Physical Disability

Physical disability is individual to a person having disorder movement, due to its abnormality muscular, bone structure, sick or accident. Wheelchairs are a tool to help people with physical disability. From it, the researcher proposed the creation of a wheelchair robot that was able to be used to assist in daily activities. This robot uses the Atmega128 as the primary system and the motor driver. To movement wheelchairs robot used button command, it gives commands to the Atmega128, and then the motor will drive the wheelchair movement. In the first test is motor rotation setting without load, from the data, obtained the most significant wheel rotation difference from the command is 3rpm, this different rotation because wheel slip at wheelchair and the next test with load people weight 72kg, the difference wheel rotation is 88 rpm, it because the load people at wheelchairs robot. The last test is the command button on wheelchair movement, from the tests performed get a success rate of 87.5%, this is because there was an error when testing the command to move right. From this research expected the wheelchair robot can help people with physical disabilities carrying out at daily activities a wider area.

New operator assistance features in the CMS Run Control System

During Run-1 of the LHC, many operational procedures have been automated in the run control system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. When detector high voltages are ramped up or down or upon certain beam mode changes of the LHC, the DAQ system is automatically partially reconfigured with new parameters. Certain types of errors such as errors caused by single-event upsets may trigger an automatic recovery procedure. Furthermore, the top-level control node continuously performs cross-checks to detect sub-system actions becoming necessary because of changes in configuration keys, changes in the set of included front-end drivers or because of potential clock instabilities. The operator is guided to perform the necessary actions through graphical indicators displayed next to the relevant command buttons in the user interface. Through these indicators, consistent configuration of CMS is ensured. However, manually following the indicators can still be inefficient at times. A new assistant to the operator has therefore been developed that can automatically perform all the necessary actions in a streamlined order. If additional problems arise, the new assistant tries to automatically recover from these. With the new assistant, a run can be started from any state of the sub-systems with a single click. An ongoing run may be recovered with a single click, once the appropriate recovery action has been selected. We review the automation features of CMS Run Control and discuss the new assistant in detail including first operational experience.

أثر تصميم بيئة إلکترونية قائمة على الحوسبة السحابية لتنمية مهارات برمجة قواعد البيانات لدى طلاب المرحلة الثانوية

أثر تصميم بيئة إلکترونية قائمة على الحوسبة السحابية لتنمية مهارات برمجة قواعد البيانات لدى طلاب المرحلة الثانوية يشهد العصر الحالي العديد من التطورات والتغيرات في کافة المستحدثات التکنولوجية، والتي طرأت علي جميع المجالات وخاصة مجال التعليم، حيث ظهر في هذا المجال العديد من المستحدثات التي غيرت من نمط وشکل العملية التعليمية ککل، وذلک من أجل الوصول إلي أعلي درجة من الکفاءة والفاعلية للطلاب داخل المواقف التعليمية المختلفة، وأيضا من أجل زيادة دافعية الطلاب نحو التعلم ورفع معدلات تحصيلهم داخل البيئة، حيث قامت تلک المستحدثات بتوفير بيئات تعليمية إلکترونية يتعلم من خلالها الطلاب بديلا عن البيئات التقليدية، وتعد تلک البيئات التعليمية الإلکترونية من أهم المستحدثات التکنولوجية التي طرأت علي الساحة التعليمية. وتزيد کفاءة تلک البيئة وترتفع معدلات تحصيل الطلاب داخلها خاصة عندما تقوم علي الحوسبة السحابية وتطبيقاتها المختلفة، حيث أن للحوسبة السحابية العديد من الفوائد التي تعود علي العملية التعليمية ککل والتي تکمن في جعل خدمات المضيفات المشهورة وشبکات التواصل الاجتماعي مثل الفيس بوک وجوجل سهلة الاستخدام ومتوفرة في کل مکان فضلا عن انعدام التکلفة تقريبا، کما يسهل إلى حد کبير التواصل بين المعلمين والطلاب. لذا سعي البحث لتصميم بيئة إلکترونية قائمة علي الحوسبة السحابية وذلک لتنمية مهارات برمجة قواعد البيانات، وذلک لما لتلک المهارات من أهمية کبيرة لدي الطلاب عينة البحث، حيث يجب في البداية توضيح معنى البرمجة في قواعد البيانات الخاصة بمستوى هذه المرحلة، والبرمجة عبارة عن عملية إضافة وظائف إلى قاعدة البيانات باستخدام وحدات الماکرو الخاصة بـ Access أو التعليمات البرمجية وعلى سبيل المثال نفترض أنک قمت بإنشاء نموذج وتقرير وأردت إضافة زر أمر إلى النموذج لکي يتم فتح التقرير عند النقر فوق هذا الزر، ويقصد بالبرمجة في هذه الحالة عملية إنشاء ماکرو أو إجراء VBA، ثم تعيين خاصية الحدث ‏OnClick‏ الخاصة بزر بحيث يتم تشغيل الماکرو أو الإجراء عند النقر فوق زر الأمر. في العمليات البسيطة مثل فتح تقرير، يمکنک استخدام معالج زر الأمر لتنفيذ العمل کله أو يمکنک إنهاء تشغيل المعالج والقيام بالبرمجة بنفسک، وتعد تلک المهارات من مجموعة المهارات العامة التي يجب ان يکون الطالب ملما بها. The effect of designing an electronic cloud-based environment to develop database programming skills for high school students The current era is witnessing many developments and changes in all technological innovations, which have occurred in all areas, especially in the field of education, where many innovations have changed in this field that changed the pattern and shape of the educational process as a whole, in order to reach the highest degree of efficiency and effectiveness for students within Different educational situations, and also in order to increase students' motivation towards learning and raise their achievement rates within the environment, where these innovations provide electronic educational environments through which students learn as a substitute for traditional environments, and those electronic educational environments are among the most important technological innovations that have occurred in the educational arena. The efficiency of that environment increases and the student achievement rates inside it increase, especially when it is based on cloud computing and its various applications, as cloud computing has many benefits for the educational process as a whole, which lie in making the services of famous hosts and social networks such as Facebook and Google easy to use and available in all A place as well as almost cost-free, as it greatly facilitates communication between teachers and students. Therefore, the research sought to design an electronic environment based on cloud computing in order to develop database programming skills, due to the great importance of these skills to students in the research sample, where the meaning of programming in the databases for the level of this stage must be clarified at the beginning, and programming is a process of adding jobs To the database using Access macros or code. For example, suppose you create a form and report and want to add a button to the form so that the report opens when you click on this button. Programming in this case is the process of creating a macro or VBA procedure Then set the button's OnClick event property so that the macro or procedure runs when the button is clicked. In simple operations like opening a report, you can use the command button to do the whole job, or you can quit running the wizard and do the programming yourself, and those skills are among the general skill set that a student must be familiar with.

A Novel Approach to HTML Page Creation Using Neural Network

A web page is a digital document created using Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML). A Web page is suitable for World Wide Web (WWW), which runs on a web browser and hence can be accessed across the globe. Graphical User Interface (GUI) is an interface, which provides ways for humans to interact with the system using HTML controls. In software design, look and feel of GUI comprises design aspects of the web page, the layout of the web page, HTML controls used on the web page, etc. Usually creation of a web page begins by drawing GUI design on a paper first. Web designers then design the web pages using web development tool on the paper. This paper proposes a novel approach to create HTML page automatically from the GUI design drawn on the paper. It considers a GUI design having various HTML controls such as radio button, checkbox, textbox, command button and label. A scanned image of GUI design is provided as an input to the system. Then, system segments the various HTML controls. The segmented HTML controls are then identified. Identified HTML controls are stored in XML database. Actually, XML database contains the name and position of the component on the GUI design. Finally, this XML file is parsed to generate HTML page.

Design and Implementation of Controlling PC Wirelessly by Android Mobile Based on C/S Mode

In order to adapt to the development of the mobile Internet, intelligent small mobile terminal will be the future trend of development. This paper describes the implementation of data communication between the Android operating system and PC. Besides, this paper also presents some solutions of key issues, including the event processing of mouse movement area involved in Android mobile client, the event processing of command button and mouse movement involved in PC server, etc. To meet the needs of schools and educational institutions, an Android wireless mouse and keyboard software based on C / S mode is developed, hoping to replace similar electronic pointer and achieve long-range wireless control.

The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#

In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.

A Computer Program for Dynamic Load Simulation of Spur Gears with Asymmetric and Symmetric Teeth

An important concern in gear design is to reduce the dynamic load and noise of gear systems. It has been found that the noise generated from gearing is basically due to gearbox vibration excited by the dynamic load. Since one of the situations that demand high performance is the high rotational speeds, there is a need to understand the dynamic behavior of the gears at such speeds. Such knowledge would shed light on detrimental characteristics like dynamic loads and vibrations. An efficient way in performing studies on the dynamic behavior of gears is using computer aided analysis on numerical models. In this paper, a developed computer program is introduced to analyze dynamic behavior of spur gears with asymmetric teeth that have a potential use for higher performance in wind turbine gearboxes. This program can be used to compare conventional spur gears with symmetric teeth and spur gears with asymmetric teeth. By using this program, gear designers can design a gear pair and obtain results, e.g dynamic Load, transmitted torque, static transmission error, and frequency spectra of static transmission error etc., just by pressing a command button.

SU‐GG‐T‐569: A Real‐Time Graphical User Interface‐Driven Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Simulator

Purpose: To present a stand‐alone Radiotherapy Treatment Planning simulator (RTPsim) that physicists can use for interactive classroom instruction and provide to students for independent study. Method and Materials: A PC with MATLAB programming language and the imaging toolbox is required. The RTPsim components are (1) a set of grayscale images for dose computation with regions of interest for dose area histogram analysis; (2) a double Gaussian pencil beam algorithm to create treatment fields; (3) dose distribution calculation routines for individual open or wedged beams and for a composite of weighted beams; and (4) a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to run the system with such user friendly features as command buttons to run algorithms, text or cursor variable input, list boxes for patient selection, and radio buttons for beam modifiers such as wedges. Results: The percent depth dose (%DD) for a typical 10×10 cm 6MV beam created by pencil beams closely approximates the actual clinical data. By computing and storing a correction factor table, the %DD values match exactly. The incorporation of divergence and a low dose region beyond the geometrical field edge result in excellent agreement in calculated versus clinical data for open beam profiles. Wedged field profiles show reasonable agreement with our clinical system. Several test cases from texts were reproduced accurately for interactive teaching purposes. As an example, an RTPsim wedged tangent field breast plan comparable to a clinical plan was produced. Variations in wedge, weighting, and normalization point can be demonstrated in real time. Use of a MATLAB GUI is suitable for planning demonstration; physicists and dosimetrists found the GUI convenient and easy to use. Conclusion: The user‐friendly Radiotherapy Treatment Planning simulator can simulate a clinical treatment planning computer with sufficient accuracy and speed for interactive educational purposes and independent learning.

System of Modular Design for Electroanalysis Extended to Thermoelectrochemical Studies

AbstractAn instrument for electroanalysis extended to thermoelectrochemical studies is presented here consisting of easily available components. An analog potentiostat is combined with a microcontroller. The latter is controlled by an Excel sheet extended by macros written in VBA (visual basic for applications). The worksheet acts as a virtual instrument with front panel and command buttons. Thus, specialized, expansive measuring software packages are unnecessary. The design of new techniques is facilitated by a of graphical representation of pulse sequences or the exciting waveforms. The instrument has proved to be useful for design and performance of non conventional electrochemical techniques working with additional parameters like irradiation or heat. Examples are given for thermoelectrochemical measuring sequences like TPV (temperature pulse voltammetry).

10 Inventions on Command Buttons in a Graphical User Interface

A command button may contain a textual label or a graphic image or both. It may be static or animated. There can be many different features to make a command button attractive and effective. As command button is a typical GUI element, most improvement on GUI in general will also be applicable to command buttons. Besides, there are also inventions to improve various aspects of command buttons in specific. This article illustrates 10 selected inventions from US patent database. Each invention is followed by a TRIZ based analysis in brief.

Next generation's navigation systems

The data set correlation between the surgical site and the corresponding image data set in the operating room (OR) is the most time-consuming process for the surgeon. The next generation's navigation systems ought to perform an automatic and highly accurate patient registration in the OR. Two systems that meet these criteria, the Surgical Segment Navigator SSN and the SSN++, are described. The SSN was developed in 1997 and is used for computer-assisted bone segment navigation. The SSN++, which has further been developed since 1999, utilizes laser scans of the surgical site. Both systems perform patient registration by just one click on a command button.

Which animation effects improve indirect manipulation?

This paper describes an experiment to explore the effectiveness of animation in improving indirect manipulation operations. Indirect manipulation operations are those initiated by command menus and buttons to perform a transformation on a graphical object or set of graphical objects. The particular improvement is an operation's ability to show both what would happen if the operation were committed and what would happen if it were cancelled while an operation is being considered. The experiment required subjects to watch a simple alignment operation for a set of graphical objects. They were then asked to record the original placement of those graphical objects. Each task used one of four visual cues: modified telltale, wiggle, colour, or no visual cue. We found the modified telltale, wiggle, and colour visual effects significantly more effective than no visual feedback for cuing the user as to original position of the graphical objects. The modified telltale and colour effects were significantly more effective than the wiggle effect. The major conclusion drawn from this experiment is the use of visual feedback improves a user's ability to remember the previous position of graphical objects after an alignment operation.