Comic Design Research Articles

Visual Narratives in Health Communication: Evaluating Comics as Tools for Health Literacy by the Indonesian Ministry of Health

This study investigates the efficacy of comics as a strategic communication tool for health promotion, utilizing a qualitative analysis of literature and examples from the “Sehat Negeriku” website managed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The multifaceted nature of comics, incorporating visual storytelling and character-driven narratives, offers a unique method for conveying complex health messages in an accessible and engaging manner. This research identifies several key advantages of comics in health communication, including increased appeal and interest among diverse demographics, enhanced memory retention through visual cues, emotional engagement that deepens message impact, stimulated creativity and imagination, and the ability to reach a broad audience. Data collection involved a thorough review of existing literature and content analysis of health communication comics, focusing on their structure, content, and reception. The findings highlight how comics, by blending entertainment with educational content, can effectively reduce resistance to health messages, facilitate behavioral change, and contribute to public health knowledge. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of considering cultural relevance and audience-specific characteristics in comic design to maximize their educational impact. This paper contributes to the understanding of visual communication in public health and supports the integration of comics into broader health promotion strategies.

Developing Sasak ethnicity comic character-based student worksheets to improve students’ critical thinking skills

Critical thinking skill is one of the top-notch thinking abilities required in the 21st century. Training students' critical thinking is not easy for teachers, so it takes an exciting learning media and contextual student worksheet to students' lives. Meanwhile, the available student worksheet from the government and publishers is less attractive and contextual. This study is a research and development of a 4D model with the stages comprising definition, design, development, and dissemination. The study recruited four-grade elementary school students, as many as 26 students. The test instrument was developed based on critical thinking ability indicators. The trial test of the student worksheet employed a group pretest-posttest design. The expert judgment result on the student worksheet prototype analyzed using Aiken V showed a very good category score and feasibility to be tested in the trial. The student worksheet trial test result indicated that Sasak ethnicity comic character-based student worksheets affect students' critical thinking. The students liked very much on the comic design very much, such as the Sasak ethnicity wardrobe design, the conversation location, and the issues discussed in the comic are contextual to real-life events, so the students were enthusiastic and critical in the discussion.

Comic Design "Mangga Buah Idola" as An Alternative Media for Learning Science and Strengthening Character Education of Elementary School Students

Comic Design "Mangga Buah Idola" as An Alternative Media for Learning Science and Strengthening Character Education of Elementary School Students

Telling a Compelling Story: An Exploration of Cognitive Simplicity in Comic Book Design and Characterisation as Visual Communication for Political, Cultural and Social Influence

The objective of this article is to discuss the role of comics as a source of political and social influence, to understand the challenges in modern comics upholding of aesthetic simplicity and cultural authenticity. To explore comic’s significance and value as a cultural art-form, several aspects of comic design and characterisation development through modernisation are discussed through literature and case studies, based on the problem statement: Can comics be a source of political and social influence? For primary research, qualitative interviews and a survey were conducted among Malaysia’s art and design communities using sequential mixed method research. The aim was to examine target audiences’ perceptions of comic design and shifts in characterisation, and how global cultural trends such as media convergence and entertainment marketing affect comics’ authenticity. Findings suggest that comics are not time-bound products; hence their immense capacity to engage fans despite shifts in characterisations. Significantly, comic art fans in Malaysia seem to adopt a conservative attitude in desiring characters to maintain aesthetic simplicity and cultural authenticity. Overall analysis suggests that maintaining original essence in characterisation enable audiences to understand artists’ authentic cultural experiences through graphic storylines documenting the issues addressed. Results suggest that mainstreaming of comics propel the industry’s future growth through diversification and inclusiveness of social narratives, but audience’s perceptions of comics as a source of political and social influence maybe affected. Future research could probe the degree in which comics’ aesthetics appeal and cognitive simplicity contribute to extending comics’ role as an authentic global cultural art-form.

‘This was the better way’: The Restoration Afterlives of Ben Jonson’s Comic Designs

Abstract The dramatists of the Restoration stage reveal the guiding influence of Ben Jonson, giving his plays a strong comedic afterlife, particularly with respect to his construction of his plots and his sense of comedic design. This article explores that influence by first considering the influences on Jonson’s own concept of comic design, particularly as derived from Aristotle, and the late-antique grammarians Euanthius and Donatus. Jonson follows Aristotle’s distinction of comedy from tragedy on the basis of the ‘laughable’ moral quality of its characters. When paired with Jonson’s own didactic bent, this distinction shaped his ‘humours’-based approach to character, and his plots’ exposure and mockery of those characters. Daniël Heinsius’s commentaries on Aristotle’s Poetics show clear consonance with Jonson’s tight integration of his humorous characters into densely unified plots by way of the trickster characters’ hoaxes. Jonson also finds in Scaliger’s unique concept of catastasis, the penultimate movement of comic plot, a definitive tactic for achieving that integration and exposure. In the light of these claims, we look at three of Jonson’s plays, Every Man Out of His Humour (1599), Volpone (1605) and Epicene, or the Silent Woman (1609), which depict his developing techniques of character, exposure hoaxes and catastasis. This leads to the later seventeenth century and John Dryden’s attentive analysis of Jonson’s comic plots, especially that of Epicene. We then show how the Jonsonian traits singled out by Dryden were used and adapted by William Wycherley in The Country Wife (1675) and William Congreve in The Way of the World (1700).

COMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN'S STORIES WITH THE THEME OF CLEAN HEALTHY AND BEAUTIFUL ENVIRONMENT FOR READING MATERIALS IN LOWER CLASS

This study aims to produce children's story comics with the theme of a clean, healthy, and beautiful environment for reading materials in lower grades and to determine the feasibility of using children's comics. This development research uses Research and Development research methods with the ADDIE model, namely Analys (analysis), Design (design), Development (development), Implementation (application), Evaluation (evaluation). The development of children's story comics was made using the Clip Studio Paint and Ibis Paint X applications. The comics were validated by design experts, linguists, and field user validators. Based on the results of the feasibility test, the average percentage of results obtained by design experts is 90.63% and linguists 92.7%. Meanwhile, the percentage result by field user validators for comic design was 94.79% and the percentage result for comic language was 93.05%. The results of this development research show that children's story comics with the theme of a clean, healthy, and beautiful environment for reading materials in lower grades are very suitable for use for lower grade students.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK BERBASIS KOMIK BERSERI TERHADAP MINAT BACA SISWA KELAS IV DI MIN KOTA MEDAN

This comic design aims to determine students' interest in reading related to thematic learning during the pandemic. This research was developed using the Brog & Gal model which was simplified into 5 stages, namely: researchers collecting data, product analysis developed, developing initial products, expert validation and design and revision, small field trials and product revisions, large scale field trials and the final product. Taking questionnaires, interviews, data were analyzed using descriptive analytic is data collection. The results of this study are thematic learning media based on comic series are declared valid with a very feasible category with a percentage of 97.83%. It was declared practical with a percentage of 76.49% in the very practical category, and effective with a percentage of 79.56%.

Material Innovation of Animation Modeling Design Based on Visual Symbol Theory

Character modeling is an important link in animation design, and it is one of the keys to determining whether an animation is successful or not, as well as determining the value of animation and related industries. This paper examines the role of material innovation in the development of animation art, as well as the impact of various materials on animation production technology and design style, using the visual symbol theory as a guide. GA (genetic algorithm) is used in the comic design process to improve the fidelity and efficiency of the artwork. GA performs data training of multiple components; selection and crossover operations are carried out continuously according to the fitness threshold; and the particle swarm optimization strategy is added. This algorithm increases the rate of design reuse and efficiency, as well as the ability to determine the best component combination scheme.

Pengembangan Komik Strip Berdasarkan Urutan Kronologis Peristiwa Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Sejarah Di SMA

This study aims to develop a comic strip based on the chronological sequence of events as a valid medium for history learning in high school. The results showed that much of teachers surveyed considered comics to help motivate students to read and study, while they said comics could increase individual participation. This research is a research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model. The ADDIE development model is carried out at the Analyze, Design, and Development stages. Data were collected using product validity instruments which included content, language, and graphic validity. The data were analyzed using qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Based on the research that has been carried out, a comic strip has been produced with the following stages: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development. The analysis phase can be said to be an analysis of problems relevant to the problem consisting of needs analysis, material analysis and environmental analysis. The design stage is the stage carried out to compile a comic strip design including making a story summary design, story line design, initial comic design and editing using the Photoshop application. The development stage is the stage carried out to test the validity of the comic strip. Based on the product validity test, it is known that the comic strips produced are very valid from the material aspect and the media aspect. Thus, the resulting comic strip is feasible to be applied as a learning medium

MENCARI MODEL DESAIN KARAKTER DAN VISUALISASI PENOKOHAN DISC TEAM DALAM PEMBUATAN KOMIK

This design is made with the purpose of answering the problem that DISC Team is facing about product development. DISC Team is a series of short comics that has4 main characters that are inspired by the DISC personality trait. This comic tells the story of their daily lives and how they face problems according to the DISC personality trait. DISC Team has a target market that consists of young adults age from 15-25 years old who has an interest in reading comics and has the drive to learn about personality and how to face them. But after doing a survey with the target market and interviewed the extreme and expert users, there are problems that DISC Team is facing. These problems are the lack of interaction and knowledge about the presence of DISC Team, so further product development is needed. And because of that, the writer has a come up with a solution by changing the comic design. The research method that is used for this Final Project is literature study from sources like books, scientific journals and online articles. After the literature studies, the results are the designs for comic and its’ characters. 
 
 Keywords: Product development, Comic, DISC personality

Development of digital comic for science learning in elementary school

This study aims to develop digital comics for learning science in elementary schools. Digital comics make it easier for students to learn science both online and online. The method used is research and development. The method used in data collection is a questionnaire. Research and development results: (1) The development research process is carried out with several stages adapted from the Plomp development model. The stages: Initial Investigation, Design (design), Realization (construction). The initial investigation phase includes curriculum analysis, material analysis, and analysis of learning objectives. The design phase includes the preparation of material, media selection, format selection, and digital comic design. The realization phase (construction) includes finished products in the form of applications (.apk).

Comic Mathematics: A bridge to understanding the concept of social arithmetic for secondary school students

Several studies have concentrated on the development of mathematics comics that are used to help students understand mathematical ideas. There are still a handful, however, who create mathematics comics at the secondary school level on social arithmetical content. Therefore, this study aims to describe the development process in designing mathematics comics and to analyze their effectiveness in helping students understand the concept of social arithmetic. The process of developing mathematical comics in this study uses the Brog and Gall[1] stage by modifying it into 8 development stages, including (1) initial observation; (2) plans; (3) making products; (4) product validation test; (5) limited scale test; (6) small size research revision; (7) field testing; (8) field performance review. In addition, the field test was carried out in one of the VIII Grade Secondary Schools in Indramayu Regency, Indonesia, for students. Based on the results of the analysis, the mathematics comic design that had been created was properly checked by media experts and mathematics teaching content design and students after observing the characteristics of the material. The feasibility test results achieved an average score of 3.61 for the very feasible category, while the feasibility test results tested by the students in the limited scale test obtained an average score of 4.65 for the very feasible category. In comparison, based on the field test, the mean score of the comprehension of social arithmetic content by secondary school students was 19.43 from the mean score of the successful criterion 15. Based on the effects of the parametric statistical test, tobs= 14.89 and tk= 1.94 were obtained. It can also be concluded that the use of comics focused on mathematics learning is successful in helping to teach concepts of social arithmetic.

Musings on the comic book contract project and legal design thinking

ABSTRACT This article explores the state of legal design in law and portrays the recent advancements in comic book contracting done at the University of Western Australia (UWA). It makes the important points that legal innovation is making room for design and illustrations, and in doing so it needs to make way for collaboration and respect for different skill sets.

COMIC LEARNING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT IN EFFORTS TO GROW LITERACY CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CARE ATTITUDE FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENT

<p><em>This research was aimed to describe the science comic design with </em><em>the environmental care theme as a learning medium for developing the literacy culture and environmental care attitude for elementary school students</em><em>. Research and Development (R & D)</em><em> approach was implemented by utilizing 4D models which was limited to the Develop stage only</em><em>.</em><em> The comic media was reviewed and assessed by an expert of media, a linguist, an expert of material, and three elementary school teachers.</em><em>. </em><em>The data were collected by using observation technique and questionnaire. The results showed that the comic science media with the theme of environmental care can be used as a learning medium that can develop a culture of literacy and attitudes of environmental care in primary schools based on the contents of the curriculum standard 2013. The quality result of the assessment from the expert and the student response indicated a good category.</em><em></em></p>

Journalism in the age of hybridization: Los vagabundos de la chatarra – comics journalism, data, maps and advocacy

Abstract The process of hybridization has pervaded all fields of human communication; journalism and activism are no exceptions. An example is the graphic project Los vagabundos de la chatarra, an editorial undertaking that comprises observations, drawings, data, a map, a video and accounts of the people who gathered and sold scrap metal for a living on the edges of Barcelona during the economic crisis that started in 2007. This exploration is conducted and communicated in an extremely hybrid manner: it visualizes data on a map, it strives for social change, it is journalistic and it has a comic design face. Relying on media literature and critical data studies, discourse analysis and qualitative interviewing, this article examines the multifaceted shapes that activism and journalism are taking in complex times and explores the potential for subversion that such formats offer. The findings suggest that activists and journalists around the world are embarking on unapologetic hybridization, crossing lines between journalism, campaigning and art.

PERANCANGAN KOMIK ANDHE ANDHE LUMUT BERDASARKAN RELIEF KISAH PANJI DI KOMPLEKS CANDI PENATARAN

Andhe Andhe Lumut is a folktale that derived from many versions of Panji tales. Andhe Andhe Lumut is the popular one amongst Indonesian, especially Javanese cultures. In popular culture, there are many works in various media that derived from Andhe Andhe Lumut story. Originally, as one of Panji tales, Andhe Andhe Lumut background story takes place at Kediri Kingdom era, but most of visual works like comics, picture story books, animations, drama costumes, etc use far more modern era style of traditional Javanese culture. Beside of that, from original text, Andhe Andhe Lumut folktale is designed for adult audiences, however most Indonesians have identified that folktale is a bedtime story for children. That’s why people can’t find visual works from Andhe Andhe Lumut story for adult audiences. As mentioned before, Panji tales have many versions. They are also already popular since Majapahit era. This is proven by carvings about some scene from Panji tales at Penataran Temple Complex which most of stuctures are built at Majapahit era. Panji tales themselves are semi fictional stories. Prince Panji or Inu Kertapati is inspired from King Kameswara II, seventh king of Kingdom of Kediri, and Princess Candra Kirana is inspired from Queen Kirana from Jenggala, but in Panji tales, their origins are opposite. Panji is from Jenggala and Candra Kirana is from Kediri. Ancient Javanese temple carvings could shows anything, but always showed environmental situations when the carvers live.”Teras Pendopo” building, where Panji tales carvings are located, was built at Majapahit era, when King Hayam Wuruk reigned. It is about 100 years after fall of Kediri, so the carvings are the closest visualization of Kingdom of Kediri daily life.Visualization of Andhe Andhe Lumut folktale based on original text and Panji tales characters at Penataran Temple Complex has never done before. Panji tales at Penataran Temple itself does not tell Andhe Andhe Lumut version of Panji. This comic design, if done properly can gives a new point of view about Andhe Andhe Lumut and can be the first comic of Andhe Andhe Lumut for adult audience with some historical accuracy.

Design of Intelligent Comic Make System for Educational Application Based on Comic Script Creation

A comic book with rich picture and storyline, which needs to combine the storyboard creation and visual picture design. In the comic production process requires a lot of manpower and time cost to complete the work. This study presents an intelligent comic production system (ICPS) in which cartoons are subdivided into many design elements and integrated into the framework of Creative Design Resource Integration (CDRIM). By analyzing the creative requirements of cartoon scripts, ICPS reconstructs the new comic design elements and completes the new Comics. The comic design of the paper is to let the author use the text script directly to produce a sub-mirror screen and the role of dialogue in the system. ICPS model to help cartoonists to achieve another comic creation, the use of writing scripts to produce comics, can reduce the traditional cartoon design process of human, capital and time costs. The system provides professional cartoonist design elements during the design of the comic context, as well as non-professional one creative cartoon design training courses.

The path to which wild error leads: A Lucretian Comedy of Errors

Disrupting the causal progress of his comic design, Shakespeare's narrative swerve introduces the accidental into a teleological plot, allowing the errancy of individual will while promoting new energetic narrative structure. Offering a Lucretian reading of Shakespeare's Comedy of Errors, I consider how the playwright's complex association of identity, chance, and genre can be informed by philosophical atomism, approached along the trajectory of a readerly clinamen.

The King and the Physician’s Daughter: All’s Well That Ends Well and the Late Romances

The King and the Physician’s Daughter: AlFs Well That Ends Well and the Late Romances Richard P. Wheeler In his now classic formulation of “The Argument of Come­ dy,” Northrop Frye called attention to the unusual turn Shake­ speare gives the typical comic pattern in All’s Well that Ends Well—and noted die difficulties this alteration has posed for critics: The normal comic resolution is the surrender of the senex to the hero, never the reverse. Shakespeare tried to reverse the pattern in All’s Well that Ends Well, where the king of France forces Bertram to marry Helena, and the critics have not yet stopped making faces over it.l This curious inversion of comic action is all the more remarkable in the light of Frye’s suggestion that New Comedy dramatizes a “comic Oedipus situation” in which a young man (the son in the Oedipus triangle) outwits a father to win the love of a young woman (p. 58). The heroine is unconsciously linked to an image of the youthful mother that a son loved and thought himself to possess as a young child. In this framework, the comic move­ ment toward marriage builds on fantasies of triumphant return to a time in which a boy thought himself in secure and complete possession of a mother’s love and the father could still be re­ garded as an unwelcome intruder, susceptible, at least in the child’s imagination, to magical exclusion.2 The complex dramatic strategies in Shakespeare’s festive comedies which safeguard triumphs in love relations from the contamination of familial associations deserve more extensive treatment than they may be given here. But their purpose in creating a world in which young love may prosper is neatly 311 312 Comparative Drama summed up by Rosalind in As You Like It: “But what talk we of fathers when there is such a man as Orlando?” In All’s Well, however, there is a very strong emphasis on bonds that are grounded in family experience. Unlike the festive comedies, All’s Well presents an action in which parental figures are closely and actively involved in the steps that lead to marriage. In the late romances there is a further intensification of family bonds, as Shakespeare evolves a comic design that includes but does not turn on the fulfilment of youthful love in marriage. In this paper I will try to account for some of the difficulties posed by All’s Well by examining one kind of relation that play has to the late romances. C. L. Barber has provided the framework that brings this relation into focus. “In the festive comedies,” argues Barber, “holiday liberty frees passion from inhibition and the control of an older generation.” But in the late romances, the festive movement is included within a larger movement where the centre of feeling is in the older generation. The fes­ tive comedies move out to the creation of new families; Pericles and The Winter’s Tale move through experiences of loss back to the recovery of family relations in and through the next gen­ eration. . . . One can put this in summary by saying that where regular comedy deals with freeing sexuality from the ties of family, these late romances deal with freeing family ties from the threat of sexual degradation.3 In All’s Well, a play caught in the middle of this transition, a central action much like those of the festive comedies is brought under unique and disruptive pressures by the partial intrusion of a pattern of love and desire that is grounded in relations with­ in a family. Professor Barber argues that in the late romances “fulfilment for the principal figure requires a transformation of love, not simply liberation of it” (ibid.). Pericles and The Winter's Tale transform love relations which include hazardous, perverse trends. Repressed components in Pericles’ love for a daughter and Leontes’s love for a friend4 lead to catastrophic situations of loss and betrayal. The action of these plays recovers those rela­ tions on a new plane, purified of perverse sexual longings. In All’s Well, Shakespeare attempts to dramatize the resolution of a love situation that...

The Humor of The Hamlet

fiction been noted by nearly all his critics. Comparatively few them, however, have offered any thorough analysis the function Faulkner's humor either in specific passages his novels or in his work as whole. Of piece with this unwillingness to engage in close examination is the relative neglect his finest comic novel, The Hamlet, which has received less critical attention and, perhaps, less critical intelligence than any other his major works.' One explanation for this reticence, Irving Howe points out, is that, of all literary modes, humor is notoriously the most indifferent to critical inspection, and in the end there is little to do but point and appreciate. 2 When humorous techniques are successful, we understand and enjoy them intuitively; when they fail, explication is both pointless and embarrassing. In any case, the sort abstract summarizing which so much criticism fiction takes as its point d'appui is clearly very limited utility. It is essential that one keep the solid tissue the humor itself in plain sight as much as possible. The critic must rely heavily on quotation if he is to convey the vitality his subject matter with any effectiveness. The refusal many critics to afford The Hamlet extended treatment is related to their reluctance to cope with Faulkerian humor. A number them have seriously undervalued the novel because their failure to perceive its unity: they tend to see the work as a series episodes resembling beads on string. 3 Insofar as plot is concerned, The Hamlet is indeed very loosely structured. Robert Penn Warren suggests more appropriate perspective: think that in that novel we have type organization in which 'the thematic rather than the narrative emphasis is the basic principle, and once we grasp that fact the unity the individual work may come clear. . . . In pieces which seem disjointed, or which seem to have the mere tale-teller's improvisations, we may sometimes discover the true unity if we think the line meaning, the symbolic ordering, and surrender ourselves to the tale-teller's 'voice.' 4 A prime characteristic this voice is its recourse to humor at number points in the narrative, the cumulative effect which is to create unity comic tone. I shall concern myself in this essay with an investigation the role humor plays in several important episodes and with its contribution to the overall comic design.