Comfort Of Use Research Articles

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIVIDUAL BALLISTIC PROTECTION MEANS USED IN THE RUSSO-UKRAINIAN WAR

The present scientific paper presents a comparative analysis of the different types of individual ballistic protection devices, particularly focusing on body armor used in the high-intensity conflict between Russia and Ukraine. With the advancement of technologies and the introduction of new tactics in modern conflicts, losses of personnel significantly increased. The use of effective individual ballistic protection devices substantially reduces these losses. The report examines the following parameters to compare different types of body armor: class of ballistic protection, weight, protective area, and comfort in use. To conduct the analysis, available literary sources, military reports, and feedback from the personnel of the countries involved in the conflict were studied.

A Digital Self-Administered Check-Up Assessment and Evaluation of Risk Communication in Older People.

Digital health tools can significantly contribute to the continuum of care and support for persons with their self-management role. Despite the increasing adoption of digital health tools, little is known about the uptake and comfort of use among older persons. A mixed methods design was used to assess the feasibility and utility of the check-up (CU), a self-administered digital health assessment for older persons. For the older person, qualitative interviews and de-identified CU assessment data were collected. A focus group was held to gain the health provider perspective. A total of 32 online CU assessments were completed, and 17 individuals participated in interviews. Three main themes were identified: digital literacy and accessibility, communication of risk and role within the circle of care. Self-administered digital assessments are feasible for older adults. Strategies for adoption should focus on accessibility and collaboration with health professionals to maximise utility and understanding of assessment results.

Evaluasi E-Peken Sebagai Inovasi Pelayanan Publik Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Memberdayakan Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah di Kota Surabaya

The development of technology and information is very popular among entrepreneurs. In developing MSMEs in Surabaya City, the Surabaya City Government created the E-Peken Application Innovation. But on the other hand, this application still requires improvement and development in terms of the performance of functions and application features so that the application performance runs better and can create a sense of comfort in use by MSMEs players. Not only in terms of applications, the Surabaya City government also needs to evaluate the policy of encouraging ASN and OPD to shop at the E-Peken Application. This study aims to analyze and examine the evaluation of E-Peken as an economic public service innovation in raising the potential of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Surabaya City. The research approach uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews with informants selected by purposive sampling, field observations, and documentation. The results of this study are 1) Effectiveness, in this case in this case the existence of E-Peken can change and move the motivation of MSMEs actors to join the E-Peken platform 2) Efficiency, in this case the implementation of E-peken has been optimal in providing services despite the lack of socialisation at the beginning of making E-Peken 3) Adequacy, in this case the application of the E-Peken application has been good in achieving goals with the creation of E-Peken. 4) Evenness, this E-Peken platform has been socialized to the people of Surabaya City and can reach the target group.5) Responsiveness, in this case the practice of E-Peken users is very satisfied with the existence of E-Peken because it can reach various groups 6) Accuracy, in this case E-Peken has succeeded in being able to improve public services. Although sometimes it is not optimal because there are sellers who are not MSMEs players but enter their merchandise catalogs into the E-Peken application. In general, it can be concluded that the existence of the E-Peken platform is very helpful for MSMEs players to market their products and make their turnover increase.

Design, Simulation and Functional Testing of a Novel Ankle Exoskeleton with 3DOFs

This paper presents a study on developing a new exoskeleton for ankle joint rehabilitation with three degrees of freedom (3 DOFs). The primary attention is paid to the process of designing and modelling the device aimed at restoring the lost functions of joint mobility. The authors conducted a complex analysis of the functional requirements of the exoskeleton based on research into the potential user’s needs, which allowed for the development of a conceptual model of the proposed device. In this study, a prototype of the exoskeleton is designed using modern additive technologies. The prototype underwent virtual testing in conditions maximally close to reality, which confirmed its effectiveness and comfort of use. The main results of this study indicate the promising potential of the proposed solution for application in rehabilitation practices, especially for patients with ankle joint injuries and diseases.

Biolaminates as an Example of Upcycling Product with Keratin Flour-Research and Thermal Properties Modeling.

Keratin waste, including keratin powder, is a significant byproduct of the poultry processing and meat industries. It is a major contributor to waste management problems due to its volume and the environmental pollutants that it can produce. The disposal of keratin waste is challenging due to the potential for odors and pathogens to enter the soil and water. The aim of this work is to present the possibility of using waste materials in accordance with the principles of upcycling and producing fully valuable products. In this research, the author focuses on the production and research of textile multilayer laminates using keratin flour that had been previously considered waste material. New textile composites should be characterized by increased thermal insulation properties with constant comfort in use. This research determines the physiological comfort interpreted as the state of the human-laminate system, which maintains the conditions of comfort in human perception, i.e., constant temperature and humidity of the body under changing conditions of a relative humidity environment.

Men's Willingness to Use and Preferences for Novel Male Contraceptive Methods in Malawi.

Evidence is needed in low- and middle-income countries regarding men's willingness to use new male contraceptive methods in development, preferences regarding method attributes, and what shapes willingness/preferences. We analyzed data from cross-sectional surveys with 611 men in Malawi, concerning willingness to use each of four types of new male methods. Mean age was 24.5 years; half (50 percent) were married/cohabiting. Over half (51 percent) of men expressed willingness to use at least one new male method, including a topical contraceptive gel (33 percent), injection (32 percent), pill (29 percent), and implant (14 percent). Many male product attributes were considered important (with 59-67 percent endorsement), including ease of use, comfort of use, side effects, partner approval, type of method, frequency of facility visits, and cost. A prevalent reported reason for willingness was to "share responsibility for family planning with my partner" (44 percent). In multivariate regression analyses, willingness was inversely associated with inequitable gender attitudes (p < 0.001) and was not associated with married/cohabiting status, using condoms, or perceived risk for HIV. These findings add to growing evidence that a majority of men express willingness to use new male contraceptive methods like a topical gel, injectable, or pill. Reflection around gender roles is likely critical within future education about male contraceptive methods.

Analysis of elastic polymeric materials as applied to leotards for rhythmic gymnastics

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the requirements for rhythmic gymnastics leotards and examines various materials used for their production, with a special focus on the experimental study of the deformation properties of three types of biflex. Their maximum elongation capacity is studied, which is crucial for ensuring the comfort and functionality of sportswear. The testing methodologies used to assess these characteristics are described in detail, and the potential applications of the research findings in the design and production of sportswear are discussed. The conducted research has led to the formulation of recommendations for selecting the most suitable materials for rhythmic gymnastics leotards, considering their functional and aesthetic requirements. Particular attention is given to aspects such as breathability, elasticity, and color fastness of materials, ensuring durability and comfort in use. The research results demonstrate that the correct choice of materials and processing technologies can significantly improve the quality and performance characteristics of sportswear, which is especially important for professional athletes. Thus, the article presents valuable recommendations and conclusions that can be useful for designers and manufacturers of sportswear aiming to create high-quality products that meet modern standards and requirements.

Investigating visual preferences of clinical mechanical anesthetic vibration: a cross-sectional image survey.

While mechanical vibration lessens discomfort associated with injection site pain (ISP), many local anesthetic injectors (LAIs) do not use vibratory anesthetic devices (VADs). Injector preference of vibration device is influenced by functional concerns, but qualitatively there is an element of adoption that is driven by visual feedback. We sought to capture operator preferences of vibration device design elements to further understand why injectors do not use these devices. We conducted a survey of image preferences among nurses and medical assistants employed at 8 dermatological clinics to investigate barriers to VAD use. Images were electronically modified with features distinct from the original device (a VAD commonly used in clinical practice). Participants rated their likelihood and comfort of use of each VAD represented in the images. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare the rating of the unmodified VAD to each modified VAD within participants. A response rate of 100% was achieved with 35 participants (average age, 38.5 years; 6 (17.1%) male, 29 (82.9%) female). Despite 28 (80%) participants knowing that mechanical vibration reduces ISP, only 16 (45.7%) endorsed ever using mechanical vibration as topical anesthetic. Images modified by pattern, color, and sterility covering were rated significantly lower than the original, unmodified VAD image (plain white VAD), confirming that visual feedback does impact adoption. Through independent comment categorization, aesthetics were found to be important to LAIs. Aesthetic preferences opposing functional concerns may factor into the lack of VAD use. Defining these visual preference barriers to adoption may help promote VAD use during dermatologic procedures.

Lightweight thermoplastic polyurethane/multi-wall carbon nanotube foams with a continuous gradient cell structure for electromagnetic interference shielding

With the rapid development of portable microelectronic devices, materials with tunable electromagnetic shielding (EMI) performance and comfort of use have become urgently necessary. A lightweight, conductive thermoplastic polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotube (TPU/MWCNT) composite foam with a continuous gradient cell structure has been developed to impede electromagnetic wave reflection induced by excessive impedance mismatch. The continuous gradient distribution of cell structure and conductivity provides the TPU/MWCNT composite foams with distinct shielding effects of electromagnetic waves in both front and back gradient directions. The maximum front absorption coefficient (A) reached 0.93, which is higher than any foam with a uniform cell size within the cell size range of the gradient composite foams. At the same time, the gradient composite foams possess the characteristics of lightweight, high elasticity, and extensibility. The weight was decreased by 67.27–85.45 %, the elastic recovery ratio of compression reached 95 %, and the toughness was also excellent. Numerical simulation of the gradient foam model was conducted using CST Microwave Studio to uncover the gradient asymptotic dissipation mechanisms. The lightweight and stretchable continuous gradient foams show great promises for the next-generation portable electronic devices that generate no radiation pollution.

Comparison Sunscreen Potential of Extract with Ethanol Extract Cream of Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum var. anisatum Benth) In Vitro

Sunscreens on the market are generally made of synthetic materials. However, many synthetic active substances can cause allergies and irritation. Along with the trend back to nature, the use of traditional medicine among the public is more in demand. Natural ingredients that have potential for sunscreen are basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum var. anisatum Benth). Cream preparations have the advantage of a fairly high aesthetic value and the level of comfort in use is quite good. This study aims to determine the sunscreen potency of the extract and cream of the ethanolic extract of basil leaves in vitro based on the values of %Te, %Tp and SPF. Determination of sunscreen potency was carried out by calculating %Te, %Tp and SPF values on ethanol extract of basil leaves and cream of ethanolic extract of basil leaves in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 290-400 nm every 5 nm interval. The %Te value of basil leaf ethanol extract at a concentration of 100 ppm was not included in the category, at a concentration of 200 ppm and 300 ppm it was in the category of extra protection. And the value of %Te cream of basil leaf ethanol extract at a concentration of 100 ppm is not included in the category, at a concentration of 200 ppm it is in the regular suntan category, at a concentration of 300 ppm it is in the extra protection category. The %Tp value of ethanol extract of basil leaves and cream of ethanolic extract of basil leaves was included in the total block category. The SPF value of the ethanolic extract of basil leaves at concentrations of 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively, is 3.873 (minimum); 12,163(maximum); and 40,736(ultra). While the SPF value of the cream of ethanol extract of basil leaves was 2.792 (minimum); 6,508(extra); and 12,259 (maximum).

Development of an Emulgel for the Effective Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Biocompatibility and Clinical Investigation.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common dermatological disease affecting both children and adults. No drug-free emulgel has been developed and studied in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of AD. The aim of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of a topical emulgel containing hyaluronic acid, glycerol, Calendula officinalis, Aloe vera, polyphenols and EGF for the concomitant treatment in patients with AD aged over 14. Objective skin barrier function parameters were included, such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin temperature, pH, stratum corneum hydration, skin elasticity and erythema. The subjective opinion of the patients was determined including acceptability, absorption, comfort of use and tolerability, as well as the degree of improvement in patients' quality of life. We observed an improvement in the subjective parameters studied and statistically significant differences in the objective parameters. Specifically, we found an improvement in TEWL (p = 0.006), erythema (p = 0.008) and hydration (p < 0.001), parameters indicating an improvement in the epidermal barrier. One hundred per cent of patients were satisfied with the product. Therefore, these results suggest that the product may contribute to the treatment of AD.

Patient satisfaction with 6-month paliperidone palmitate versus other long-acting injectable antipsychotics

IntroductionLong-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) offer advantages for schizophrenic patients compared to oral antipsychotics: less frequent dosing, lower relapse rates, better adherence, and lower healthcare costs. LAIs include paliperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine, risperidone, and zuclopenthixol. Paliperidone palmitate is the only antipsychotic with two formulations with an administration interval longer than one month (3-monthly and 6-monthly), which could be better for the patient and help ensure treatment continuity, especially in cases of limited access to the health care system.Objectives To assess the satisfaction of patients under treatment with 6-month paliperidone palmitate compared to other long-acting injectable antipsychotics with a higher frequency of administration.Methods We analyzed the satisfaction level of a sample of patients receiving treatment with LAIs at the Mental Health Center of El Escorial. All patients had a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders (according to DSM-5). Patients who met the inclusion criteria completed the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM), a generic questionnaire of treatment satisfaction that measures four dimensions: side effects, treatment efficacy, comfort of use, and overall satisfaction. Other clinical and socio-demographic variables were collected, as well as the type of injectable, dose, and frequency of administration.ResultsData from approximately 30 patients will be analyzed and discussed later.ConclusionsLess frequent administration of LAIs may result in greater patient satisfaction and be just as beneficial clinically. Treatment satisfaction is positively associated with an improvement in psychotic symptoms and seems to be related to better adherence.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Comparison of UESCOPE VL 400, I-View, Non-Channeled Airtraq Videolaryngoscopes and Macintosh Laryngoscope for Tracheal Intubation in Simulated Out-of-Hospital Conditions: A Randomized Crossover Manikin Study.

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the results obtained with three different types of video laryngoscopes (UESCOPE VL-400, I-View, Non-Channeled Aitraq) with and without an endotracheal stylet should be better than the results obtained with a Macintosh laryngoscope in a simulated out-of-hospital scenario by a person without clinical experience. Primary outcome measures were the time taken to successfully achieve tracheal intubation (TI). Secondary outcomes included the grade of glottic view (Cormack and Lehane grades 1-4), the incidence of successful TI, the number of audible dental clicks indicating potential dental damage, the level of effort required to perform TI, and the operator's comfort during the procedure. The time required to achieve tracheal intubation successfully was significantly longer with the Macintosh laryngoscope and Airtraq than with the other video laryngoscopes. The use of the stylet significantly reduced the time required for tracheal intubation with the Macintosh laryngoscope (21.8 sec. vs. 24.0 sec., p = 0.026), UESCOPE VL 400 (18.1 sec. vs. 23.4 sec., p = 0.013), and Airtraq (22.7 sec. vs. 34.5 sec., p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in intubation time when using the I-View with or without stylets. No differences were observed in the Cormack-Lehane grading. The success rate of intubation was 100% for the Macintosh and I-View laryngoscopes used with or without stylets and for the UESCOPE VL 400 and Airtraq laryngoscopes used with stylets. Without stylets, the success rate of intubation was 96.6% for the UESCOPE VL 400 and 86.6% for the Airtraq. There were no significant differences in the risk of dental damage between the Macintosh, UESCOPE VL 400, I-View, and Airtraq laryngoscopes, regardless of the use of stylets (without and with stylets). The use of stylets significantly reduced dental damage only for the Airtraq laryngoscope: 8 (26.6%) vs. 2 (6.6%). Statistically significant differences in perceived exertion were observed between the mentioned laryngoscopes, both with and without stylets. However, there were no differences in the comfort of use between the laryngoscopes, regardless of the use of stylets (without and with stylets. The use of stylets led to better comfort in the case of the Macintosh (2.5 vs. 3, p = 0.043) and UESCOPE VL 400 (2 vs. 3, p = 0.008) laryngoscopes. In our study, the I-View and UESCOPE VL-400 video laryngoscopes provided better intubation results than the Macintosh laryngoscope in terms of time needed to intubate, glottis visibility, and reduction in dental damage. The use of the stylet did not significantly improve the intubation results compared to the results obtained in direct laryngoscopy. Due to the small study group and the manikin model, additional studies should be performed on a larger study group.

Elderly-centered usability heuristics for augmented reality design and development

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) technology is making rapid progress and gaining high popularity, substantially due to the variety of new possibilities that it can offer to its users, including the elderly population. However, there is a lack of guidelines, recommendations, and testing techniques to make AR effective, efficient, and satisfying for its potential users. Usability heuristics are an effective tool that can help to ensure the usability of AR systems and can be used as a guide for the design and development process as well as a checklist for usability testing. However, general well-known usability heuristics do not consider specific aspects of AR, such as hardware limitations, privacy and safety issues, comfort of use, and the high importance of the user’s environment. General heuristics also do not always consider different user groups such as the elderly and people with disabilities. In this study, we developed a set of usability heuristics for AR systems for elderly users. The development process was inspired by the eight-step methodology by Quiñones et al. (Comput Stand Interfaces 59:109–129, 2018) and consisted of two main stages: gathering the heuristics from previous publications through an integrative literature review, and content analysis and validation of the collected heuristics through expert judgment (interviews with AR experts with industrial and academic backgrounds). The proposed final set of usability heuristics consists of six categories with a total of 55 heuristics that can be used by AR designers, developers, and usability testers to ensure the usability of AR systems for elderly users.

Strategic Management Insights into Housewives Consumptive Shopping Behavior in the Post COVID-19 Landscape

Digital wallets can be accessed using a mobile phone Apart from that, marketplace users are used as a tool to make it easier for consumers to shop online. One of the reasons why marketplaces are famous is because of their ease and comfort in use. This research aims to see the influence of digital wallets and marketplace use on consumer shopping behavior among housewives after the Covid 19 pandemic.The population is housewives in DKI Jakarta, with data collection techniques distributing questionnaires to a sample of 113 housewives. Sampling withpurposive sampling, has criteria: respondents are limited to only housewives who are at least 18 years old, respondents have income worth ≤ IDR 5 million and respondents have used marketplaces and digital wallets and are domiciled in DKI Jakarta. Data processing used multiple regression analysis to obtain Y = 0.290 + 0, 139X1 + 0, 576X2 + c. From this equation it is obtained: 1. There is no influence of digital wallets on consumptive shopping behavior among housewives after the Covid 19 pandemic, 2 There is an influence of the marketplace on consumptive shopping behavior among housewives after the Covid 19 pandemic, 3 There is an influence of digital wallets and marketplaces on consumerist shopping behavior among housewives after the Covid 19 pandemic.

Salivary Amylase-Responsive Buccal Tablets Wipe Out Chemotherapy-Rooted Refractory Oral Mucositis.

Oral mucositis (OM) is the most common and refractory complication of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, severely affecting patients' life quality, lowering treatment tolerance, and discouraging patient compliance. Current OM delivery systems mostly affect the comfort of patient use and lead to poor compliance and unsatisfactory effects. Herein, salivary amylases (SAs)-responsive buccal tablets consisting of porous manganese-substituted Prussian blue (PMPB) nanocubes (NCs), anti-inflammatory apremilast (Apr) and starch controller have been engineered. PMPB NCs with large surface area can serve as carriers to load Apr, and their multienzyme-mimicking activity enables them to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), which thus synergize with Apr to mitigate inflammation. More significantly, the starch controller can respond to abundant SAs in the oral cavity and realize the cascade, continuous, and complete drug release after enzymatic decomposition, which not only aids with high tissue affinity to prolong the resistance time but also improves the comfort of use. The preclinical study reveals that contributed by the above actions, such buccal tablets mitigate inflammation, promote endothelium proliferation and migration, and accelerate wound healing for repressing chemotherapy-originated intractable OM with positive oral microenvironment and shorter recovery time, thus holding high potentials in clinical translation.

Climate-neutral historic buildings, Slowacki Theatre in Poland - case study

Global policy identifies achieving neutrality in sectors with the highest energy intensity rates as a priority for action. Countries are taking important and necessary measures to achieve this goal. The European Union has introduced a near-zero energy building standard in the construction sector. The next step is the Fit to 55 package, which is a milestone for Europe to achieve total neutrality in 2025. The climate-neutral policy has resulted in requirements and regulations already implemented in the sectors that consume the most energy and emit the most greenhouse gases. One such sector is construction, which accounts for around 40% of total energy consumption. Buildings newly designed in EU countries must now meet stringent thermal protection requirements. In Europe and Poland, governments are allocating substantial funds for the thermal modernisation of existing buildings. The exceptions to this are listed buildings and buildings under preservationist care. Such buildings are not subject to thermal protection regulations. In historic buildings, the priority is to protect the national heritage. However, the recent Energy Performance Directive introduced, for the first time, a recommendation that historic buildings should also be investigated for energy efficiency measures, under strict protection of the historic character of the building, of course. In this article, the authors present an analysis of a historic building of great historical significance. It is the Słowacki Theatre in Krakow. The research question the authors answer in their analysis is whether and how a historic building can be brought to a level of zero energy and climate neutrality. The second research question is whether, in addition to aspects related to energy saving and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, other aspects of designing the improvement of the historic building and its surroundings should also be considered in the analysis. The results of the authors' analysis indicate that a building level of near-zero energy demand can only be achieved for a listed building if the building undergoes thermal modernisation measures approved by the conservation officer and then the heat source is replaced with biomass or a heat pump powered by photovoltaic panels. To the aspects related to the preservation of the historical heritage, the improvement of energy efficiency and the reduction of CO2 emissions, the authors propose to include aspects related to the comfort of use of the building and aspects related to the accessibility of the building for people with special needs (the elderly and people with disabilities).

EVALUATION OF A PROVIDER-DRIVEN STRATEGY TO ENSURE AGE-FRIENDLY CARE

Abstract Implementation of evidence-based care requires innovation. The Age-Friendly Health Systems Questionnaire (AFHS-Q) is an example of a front-line innovation that increases efficiency of implementation by having the patient complete eight 4Ms questions while waiting for their visit. We evaluated the usability, acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of the AFHS-Q by surveying nurse practitioners (NPs) across a retail clinic system and found that the innovative practice-based tool was effective and feasible. The AFHS-Q kit was sent to over 1,100 retail clinic sites and an online survey was sent four weeks later to the 3,300 NPs at these sites to measure their experiences. NPs (N = 100) completed the survey and reported overall positive feedback (scale range 1-5) about the AFHS-Q relating to comfort of use (M = 4.18, SD = .99), usefulness (M = 3.97, SD = 1.10), acceptability (M = 4.12, SD = .83), and effort for use (M = 2.75, SD = 1.17). NP’s confidence in completing the 4Ms (before AFHS-Q: M = 3.92, SD = 1.90; after AFHS-Q: M = 4.18, SD = .97) and documenting the 4Ms (before AFHS-Q: M = 3.84, SD = .99; after AFHS-Q: M = 4.17, SD = .91) was significantly higher following AFHS-Q use (completion: t = 3.58, p &amp;lt; .001; documentation: t = 4.33, p &amp;lt; .001). NPs reported a significant reduction in time for visits after using the AFHS-Q. Participants also provided open ended feedback indicating the AFHS-Q was overall easy to use as well as highlighting areas for other improvement.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Nasabah Memilih Hasanah Card Sebagai Kartu Kredit Study Kasus BSI KCP Krakatau

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence customers' decisions in choosing Hasanah Card as the credit card of choice. Credit cards, as an important financial instrument, increasingly dominate consumer choices in managing their finances. In this context, Hasanah Card stands out as an attractive option in the credit card market, especially in the sharia-based financial environment. This research uses an analytical approach to identify the main factors that shape customer preferences for the Hasanah Card. These factors involve aspects such as sharia compliance, benefits and incentives, comfort of use, and brand image. Through surveys and data analysis, this research aims to provide in-depth insight into what factors most influence customers' decisions in choosing a Hasanah Card credit card. The results of this research are expected to provide an important contribution to the understanding of the Islamic banking industry, especially in the context of credit cards. In addition, these findings are expected to provide guidance for financial service providers to improve the quality of their products, accommodate customer needs, and strengthen Hasanah Card's position in an increasingly competitive market.

Digital Workflow in Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Immediate Loading, Intraoral Welding and 3D-Printed Reconstructions in a Periodontal Patient: A Case Report

Background: Complex implant reconstructions in patients with residual dentition due to periodontitis is a challenging task in many aspects. Methods: This study shows a full digital workflow combining 3D printing, guided implant placement, intraoral scanning and welding with immediate loading and digital smile design. An analog impression was taken to validate the passive fit of final restorations. The whole treatment plan was divided into three stages. The first stage included an intraoral scan of baseline dentition, and then the extraction of all teeth was performed, implanting four temporary implants and providing the patient with removable temporary prosthesis. The second stage was to scan the removable temporaries, implanting 10 implants and multi-unit abutments (MUA), and create a rigid construction via the intraoral welding of titanium bar and by fixing it to the 3D-printed temporary reconstructions (designed with DSD) as a form of immediate loading. The third stage included the scanning of screw-retained temporary reconstructions, then scanning from the MUA level and creating final reconstruction. Results: The presented workflow enabled the delivery of some sort of restoration to the patient at every moment of the treatment and to sustain the required esthetic effect with decent comfort of use even in the early stages. Conclusions: A full digital workflow is a reliable treatment method even in complex cases.