Combined Scanning Research Articles

Increased Cd2+ biosorption capability of Aspergillus nidulans elicited by crpA deletion.

The P-type ATPase CrpA is an important Cu2+ /Cd2+ pump in the Aspergilli, significantly contributing to the heavy metal stress tolerance of these ascomycetous fungi. As expected, the deletion of crpA resulted in Cu2+ /Cd2+ -sensitive phenotypes in Aspergillus nidulans on stress agar plates inoculated with conidia. Nevertheless, paradoxical growth stimulations were observed with the ΔcrpA strain in both standard Cu2+ stress agar plate experiments and cellophane colony harvest (CCH) cultures, when exposed to Cd2+ . These observations reflect efficient compensatory mechanisms for the loss of CrpA operating under these experimental conditions. It is remarkable that the ΔcrpA strain showed a 2.7 times higher Cd biosorption capacity in CCH cultures, which may facilitate the development of new, fungal biomass-based bioremediation technologies to extract harmful Cd2+ ions from the environment. The nullification of crpA also significantlychanged the spatial distribution of Cu and Cd in CCH cultures, as demonstrated by the combined particle-induced X-ray emission and scanning transmission ion microscopy technique. Most important, the centers of gravity for Cu and Cd accumulations of the ΔcrpA colonies shifted toward the older regions as compared with wild-type surface cultures.

Fingerprints of homogeneous nucleation and crystal growth in polyamide 66 as studied by combined infrared spectroscopy and fast scanning chip calorimetry

Homogenous crystal nucleation and growth in polyamide 66 (PA66) are followed in situ by means of a combination of FTIR spectroscopy and fast scanning chip calorimetry (FSC). Therefore, a novel setup with a calorimetry chip equipped with an IR-transparent SiN membrane was developed, which enables to examine IR spectroscopic and FSC experiments on the identical specimen. Because of the small amount of sample material (~ 100 ng), it is possible to achieve heating and cooling rates up to 5000 Ks−1, and hence to quench the sample into a fully amorphous state without quenched-in homogeneous crystal nuclei. Annealing the film then allows to determine the onset of homogenous nucleation and crystal growth by means of FSC, whereas molecular interactions are unraveled by FTIR spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that different moieties of PA66 respond distinctly during crystallization; far-reaching interactions such as hydrogen bonding are established prior to onset of short-range steric hindrance.Graphical Crystal nucleation and growth are followed in situ by means of a combination of FTIR spectroscopy and fast scanning chip calorimetry. For this purpose a novel IR-transparent chip enables to examine both measurements on the identical specimen, while heating and cooling rates up to 5000 Ks−1 and hence quenching into a fully amorphous state can be achieved

Climate change research in Asia: A knowledge synthesis of Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (2013–2018)

Countering climate challenges requires genuine multi-layered approaches in cooperation with various stakeholders. Spanning 20 years, the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) has been facilitating the research community to provide regional and grassroots results and solutions, while acting as a mechanism to encourage science-policy-stakeholder dialogue. This paper outlines the relevance of APN projects to IPCC policymaking by laying out knowledge products and lessons learned from the projects. It also narrates how regional research and capacity building assist in responding to the increasing urgency across climate change and the SDGs. A synthesis of project-generated knowledge was garnered from research and capacity development studies conducted under the auspices of APN to identify their scope and level of policy relevance. A combined typology and solution scanning with Likert scale as relevance rating was employed to categorize contribution against key themes of the IPCC sixth assessment report. Findings suggest 115 distinct and relevant projects completed mostly in Southeast Asia, South Asia and Temperate East Asia, with many of them asserting community-based adaptation and mitigation surrounding issues on ecosystems and biodiversity, extreme weather events, water-food-energy nexus, sustainable waste management, and climate education. Findings also show 163 knowledge products in which majority of them (66.87%) were peer-reviewed journal articles, 11.04% were reports, 7.98% were policy briefs, 6.75% were guidelines and tools, 4.91% were books and 2.45% were perspectives and opinions. With the evolving synergies between global climate targets and the SDGs, it is recommended that APN solidify its role in science-policy partnerships and networking by creating improved interlinkages for disseminating knowledge gaps filled and in replicating lessons learned and best practices found in APN knowledge products. In addition to science-policy dialogues and output synthesis, a regular review of APN research and capacity development outcomes will help in realizing these important aspects toward wider policy impact.

Hydrolysis of particleboard bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin for recycling

In this study, the removal of urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesives from waste wood particleboards (PBs) via hydrolysis was discussed, particularly the use of this application to combat environmental issues often encountered in recycling projects. Herein, the conditions required for producing PBs with poor binding properties were examined. Additionally, we determined the appropriate formaldehyde: urea (F/U) mole ratios, namely, 0.95, 1.05, and 1.15, required for generating UF resins that can be characterized and used as PB binders. The resulting values were compared with those obtained for a high mole ratio of UF resin (F/U = 2.0) as well as a commercially available PB sample for binding. Aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions of various concentrations and water were used to leach the adhesive from the wood residues, and the effectiveness of these leaching agents was determined using a combined scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) technique in addition to the Kjeldahl method. Swelling tests were performed on the UF resins to measure the sol fraction (ωsol) and evaluate the network behavior of the resulting resins. Our results showed that factors, such as solid content, density, viscosity, and gel time, were necessary for generating an effective adhesive; herein, we determined that a solid content between 37.17 and 56.57%, density between 1.45 and 1.54 g/cm3, viscosity ranging from 115–444 MPa.s, and gel time between 8.50 and 13.13 min were feasible. Whereas the physical properties of the resulting PB (i.e., the density and moisture content) fulfilled the criteria established by the Japanese Industrial Standard, as laid out in the document entitled JIS A 5908: Particleboards (2003), the mechanical properties failed to pass the aforementioned standard as low bending strength and weak internal bonding were noted for the PBs produced. The use of hydrolyzing agents successfully decomposed the UF resin adhesives by altering their nitrogen (N) content; confirmation of this was obtained through SEM–EDS analysis along with the Kjeldahl method. Swelling tests showed that despite containing a reasonable amount of nitrogen owing to its dissolution in either HCl or water, the ωsol parameter was heavily influenced by the concentration of the hardener and type of F/U mole ratio adhesive used for the PB under investigation. These results indicate that wood residues can be used as raw materials for recycling PBs.

Synthesis of new asparagine-based glycopeptides for future scanning tunneling microscopy investigations.

For investigations on the biological functions of oligosaccharides and peptidomimetics, new asparagine-based mono- and disaccharides containing glycopeptides were prepared in solution. The applicability of two common peptide coupling reagents, using an orthogonal Fmoc/t-Bu strategy along with acetyl protecting groups for the carbohydrate moiety, was studied. Thus, the prepared libraries of glycopeptides were designed as model systems of cell surfaces for future investigations by combined preparative mass spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) using soft-landing electrospray beam deposition (ES-IBD), on metal surfaces.

Lacustrine cyclicity in the early Eocene Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah: Evidence from X-ray fluorescence core scanning

ABSTRACTThe Green River Formation preserves an extraordinary archive of terrestrial paleoclimate during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO; ∼ 53–50 Ma), expressing multiple scales of sedimentary cyclicity previously interpreted to reflect annual to Milankovitch-scale forcing. Here we utilize X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning and micro X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) scanning in combination with radioisotopic age data to evaluate a rock core record of laminated oil shale and carbonate mudstone from Utah's Uinta Basin, with the parallel objectives of elucidating the paleo-environmental significance of the sedimentary rhythms, testing a range of forcing hypotheses, and evaluating potential linkages between high- and low-frequency forcing. This new assessment reveals that the ∼ 100-μm-scale laminae—the most fundamental rhythm of the Green River Formation—are most strongly expressed by variations in abundance of iron and sulfur. We propose that these variations reflect changes in redox state, consistent with annual stratification of the lake. In contrast to previous studies, no support was found for ENSO or sunspot cycles. However, millimeter- to centimeter-scale rhythms—temporally constrained to the decadal to centennial scale—are strongly expressed as alternations in the abundance of silicate- versus carbonate-associated elements (e.g., Al and Si vs. Ca), suggesting changes in precipitation and sediment delivery to the paleo-lake. Variations also occur at the meter scale, defining an approximate 4 m cycle interpreted to reflect precession. We also identify punctuated intervals, associated principally with one phase of the proposed precession cycle, where Si disconnects from the silicate input. We propose an alternative authigenic or biogenic Si source for these intervals, which reflects periods of enhanced productivity. This result reveals how long-term astronomical forcings can influence short-term processes, yielding insight into decadal- to millennial-scale terrestrial climate change in the Eocene greenhouse earth.

A combined differential scanning calorimetry‐dynamic mechanical thermal analysis approach for the estimation of constrained phases in thermoplastic polymer nanocomposites

AbstractPoly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) nanocomposites reinforced with different weight fractions of montmorillonite (MMT), and nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate (NPCC) were prepared by a two‐step melt compounding method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were employed to explore the effect of nanofiller inclusion on the crystalline structure of PBT nanocomposites. The mobile amorphous fraction (MAF) and the rigid amorphous fraction (RAF) were first measured using the specific heat capacity (Cp) and melting enthalpy data. However, the contributors to total RAF, including interfacial RAF (RAFint) and crystalline RAF (RAFc), could not be discerned using only DSC. A novel and simple method was hence developed by employing a combined DSC‐dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) approach (CDDA) to disentangle the RAF components and determine the fractions of constrained volume constituents. To validate the results, the MAF calculated by CDDA were compared to those of DSC. The values obtained using CDDA were relatively higher, owing to the more significant sensitivity of this approach to polymer chain mobility.

A novel combined visual scanning and verbal cuing intervention improves facial affect recognition after chronic severe traumatic brain injury: A single case design

ABSTRACT A single case design (AB with follow up) was used to determine the effect of a combined visual scanning and verbal cuing intervention technique in improving facial affect recognition after traumatic brain injury (TBI). A 35-year-old male (BR) with impaired ability to recognize facial emotions as a result of severe TBI participated in the study over a 3-month duration. BR's mean accuracy across six universal static facial expressions of emotion improved significantly during intervention and was maintained at follow up. BR was most impaired in labelling negative (sad, angry, disgusted, anxious) versus positive facial expressions (surprised, happy). BR's accuracy to negative facial affect significantly improved during intervention. No further improvement was possible for positive expressions because a ceiling effect was observed at baseline. Overall BR's mean response times across emotions was reduced at baseline but increased significantly during intervention. This was also recorded for both positive and negative expressions, respectively. This novel combined intervention has potential to improve facial affect recognition after TBI. Further evaluation using a multiple-baseline design is recommended. Additional research is needed to determine whether improved facial affect recognition following training translates to improvements in social function and communication in people with TBI.

ULTRASOUND TESTING WITH USING OF THE PHASED ARRAY PROBES. BASIC PRINCIPLES. PART 1

This article discusses the current state of standardization in the Russian Federation in the field of application of ultrasonic testing using a phased array. Attention is drawn to the problem of the lack of national standards (especially terminological), which clearly hinders the active development and implementation of the PA UT method in practice. The basic principles of the classical technology of phased arrays are analyzed. Electronic linear scanning, electronic scanning and combined scanning. Combined scanning has several advantages: a high probability of detecting defects, high scanning speed, quick setup and calibration, quick data analysis and small file size in comparison with conventional sector scanning. Some difficulties were noted when trying to work with classical DGS-curves using the synthetic focusing methods SAFT or FMC / TFM with beam focusing at each image reconstruction point.

Combined non-invasive scan and biomarkers to identify independent risk factors in patients with mild coronary stenosis

BackgroundIndependent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with mild coronary stenosis are uncertain. This study aims to investigate predictive biomarkers for MACEs in patients with mild coronary stenosis.MethodsTotally 381 patients with mild coronary stenosis were included and MACE incidences were recorded through a 24-month follow-up and 91 patients with unfavorable plaques characteristic are detected by CCTA. One unfavorable characteristic was recorded for 1 point and they were divided into three groups: high-risk group (HR, score =0), intermediate-risk group (IR, score =1) and low-risk group (LR, score/2). Specific blood biomarker measurements of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were taken simultaneously.ResultsThe mean age, hs-CRP and MPO levels in the HR and IR group were significantly higher than that in the LR group. A considerably higher level of MMP-9 showed in the HR group compared to the LR group. The incidence rates of MACE were remarkably higher in HR group than LR group and IR group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the cumulative event—free survival rate of HR was significantly higher than that in LR and IR group and there was no significant difference between LR and IR group. The univariate COX regression analysis indicated that the age, hs-CRP, MPO, and unfavorable plaque scores ≥2 were independent risk factors for MACEs.ConclusionsHigh MPO levels were strongly correlated with MACEs in patients with mild coronary stenosis. Although confirmation is needed from larger trials, MPO could be a promising clinical tool to improve the risk stratification in patients with mild coronary stenosis and suggest strategies for the individualized prevention programs.

Morphology of the Vasculature and Blood Supply of the Brown Adipose Tissue Examined in an Animal Model by Micro-CT.

We performed micro-CT imaging of the vascular blood supply in the interscapular area of the brown adipose tissue in three mice with the use of intravascular contrast agent Aurovist™. Resulting 3D data rendering was then adapted into 2D resolution with visualization using false color system and grayscale images. These were then studied for the automatic quantification of the blood vessel density within this area. We found the highest most occurring density within arterioles or venules representing smaller blood vessels whereas with the increase of the vessel diameters a lower percentage rate of their presence was observed in the sample. Our study shows that micro-CT scanning in combination with Aurovist™ contrast is suitable for anatomical studies of interscapular area of brown adipose tissue blood vessel supply.

Studies of structural-phase changes in a modified cement stone method by derivatographic analysis

The use of a complex nanodispersed additive consisting of a superplasticizer and nanoparticles (sol of nanosilica and carbon nanomaterial) have a significant effect on the hydration, hardening, and curing of building composites, predetermining their durability.The results of studies of phase transformations occurring in a cement stone modified with this additive are presented. The studies were carried out using the method of thermal analysis, which allows to obtain quantitative information about the change in the mass of the sample as a result of its heating and at the same time register this change. Thermal analysis has a number of advantages over other research methods, the flexibility of setting up an experiment, the rapid removal of information, the ability to automate data processing, and a small amount of substance. A comprehensive study of the properties of a material when it is heated allows a detailed and deeper study of the nature of the processes occurring in it. The study of physical and chemical processes was carried out on a combined thermogravimetric analysis device and differential scanning calorimetry METTLER TOLEDO, which is designed to measure the thermodynamic characteristics (heat and temperature of phase transitions and physico-chemical reactions), as well as detect changes in the mass of materials in the temperature range from 25 to 1600 degrees C. The article discusses the intervals of weight loss of samples containing an additive of superplasticizer and a complex nanodispersed additive in age those 1 and 28 days. To find out what effect a superplasticizer has on a cement sample, an additional sample No. 1, consisting only of cement and water, was examined at 28 days of age.

Internal atomic structure of terbium silicide nanowires on Si(001) capped by silicon

In a combined scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy study, the internal atomic structure of terbium silicide nanowires on Si(001) capped with silicon is determined. Room temperature capping by amorphous silicon preserves the original nanowire structure, and the nanowires with a usual height of two silicide layers are found to consist of hexagonal TbSi2 with the c-axis in nanowire direction, in contrast to previous assumptions. At larger heights, the nanowires are formed from tetragonal TbSi2. Capping at elevated temperatures results in a shape transition towards higher and more compact nanowires consisting of hexagonal or tetragonal TbSi2 and a crystalline silicon overlayer that shows stacking faults and twin boundaries starting at the nanowires.

The Neolithic greenstone industry of Chiomonte (northwestern Italy): mineralogy, petrography and archaeometric implications

Abstract. The polished stone industry of Chiomonte (Piedmont region, northwestern Italy), dating back to the middle to late Neolithic, has been studied with a multi-analytical approach, including mineralogical, petrographic and morpho-typological issues, with the aim of providing information about the sources of the raw materials and determining the function of this particular settlement in the prehistoric Western Alps. Most of the lithic tools are made of sensu stricto greenstones (i.e. “Na pyroxene rocks” and “Na pyroxene and garnet rocks”), though a large number of serpentinite tools (25 %) also exist. The combined application of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), polarising microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) led to the detection of specific mineral and chemical “markers”, pointing to the Chiomonte tools likely having come from the Monviso area. However, other closer supply sources, e.g. small meta-ophiolite units in the Orsiera–Rocciavré mountain range or in the lower Susa valley, cannot be ruled out. The presence, on the many retrieved roughouts and broken tools, of raw, yet unpolished surfaces that are ascribable to pebbles and cobbles from alluvial or glacial deposits, suggests that these rocks had been picked up from local “secondary” sources. The abundance of roughouts and broken tools identifies Chiomonte as a second-order manufacturing site, although it is still unclear whether such an activity was restricted to serving local needs or if it contributed to the circulation of greenstone implements on a wider scale.

Synthesis, structural and microstructural study of new FeNa0.5H1.5MoO5 hybrid material for highly efficient energy storage hybrid systems

New hybrid compound FeNa0.5H1.5MoO5 was synthetized by hydrothermal method, an ecofriendly, simple and efficient process. The structural/nanostructural and morphological properties of the synthetized particle were determined by means of various characterization technics. Combined scanning electron microscopy and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed spheroidal morphology of the nanoparticles and permitted to reach the effective atomic ratio. Thus, we determined the composition. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis allowed to stoichiometric estimate the force constants of MoO and FeO bonds, that strongly depend on ionic radius and crystallographic network. X-ray diffraction results showed a pure monoclinic phase with preferential orientation growth along the (1 1 0) direction. The crystallite sizes and the micro-strain values were estimated and discussed according to the considered models. Based on Rietveld refinement, an optimized 3D structure was proposed, where MoO4 tetrahedral sites alternate with FeO6 octahedral ones. This arrangement leads to a large tunnel-like interstitial space that favors ions diffusion. Consequently, the new hybrid compound FeNa0.5H1.5MoO5 is suitable for applications involving charge transport, such as solid electrolytes. As well, this study can pave the way to highlight the relation between structure and properties in Na-ion storage/diffusion electrochemical applications.

Influence of Charge Cutoff Voltage on the Cycling Behavior of LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 Cathode

Layered oxide, LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532), is commonly used in the commercial high energy Li-ion batteries. However, such layered oxide cathode always faces the dilemma between high capacity and stable cycling. Upper charge cutoff voltage is one of the important factors that strongly influences both capacity and cycle life, unfortunately, exhibiting an opposite effect. A choice of an appropriate upper charge cutoff voltage is expected to achieve the balance between these two performance metrics. Therefore, it is of great significance to comprehensively understand the effect of incremental upper voltages, ranging from normally used cutoff voltage to slight overcharge voltage, on the cycling behaviors of the NMC532 cathode material. In this work, the systematic studies about the effect of the upper voltage on the NMC532 cathode material are investigated. Physical characterizations, i.e., ex situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, provide information on the degradation of NMC532 material. Post-mortem analysis via combined scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals the degradation of the cathode-electrolyte-interface at high voltages. This comprehensive study shows the fundamental interplay among many electrochemically relevant factors, especially at different charge cutoff voltages.

Pollen record of megathermal and mesothermal elements in the late Pliocene from west Portugal revealed by combined light and scanning electron microscopy studies

The Rio Maior deposits, part of the Tagus Basin located in western Portugal, are comprised of sediments from late Pliocene to earliest Gelasian age. Using combined light and scanning electron microscopy, we report, for the first time, nine important taxa in late Pliocene, Piacenzian sediments from south-western Europe. Eight pollen-taxa (Cercidiphyllum, Craigia, Mortoniodendron, Diplopanax, Zanthoxylum, Sapotaceae, Sideroxylon and Leitneria) belong to extant plant groups currently living in tropical to temperate areas. The record of Trigonobalanopsis represents an extinct genus in the oak family (Fagaceae). The records of these taxa indicate the presence of a warm-temperate mixed forest during most parts of the Piacenzian at this latitude.

Особенности двумерных бифуркаций при диссипативном туннелировании электронов в массивах Au наночастиц

Abstract. In framework of the 2D - dissipative tunneling theory in approximation of a rarefied gas of the «instanton - antiinstanton pairs» at a finite temperature under the conditions of an external electric field, the features of tunneling transport for planar structures with quantum dots (QDs) from colloidal gold, that have metamaterial properties, have been studied. It was experimentally shown that, depending on the positioning of the cantilever needle of a combined atomic force and scanning tunneling microscope (AFM / STM), either above a single quantum dot or between two neighboring quantum dots, either a single or double effect of 2D tunneling bifurcations have been observed, respectively. It is such a double bifurcation regime, as our theoretical model has shown, that is associated with the manifestation of the metamaterial properties by the structure under study. A convincing qualitative agreement between the experimental I – V characteristics and the field dependence of the 2D - dissipative tunneling probability in the two studied modes, taking into account the observed quantum beats in the vicinity of the 2D bifurcation points, has been obtained.

Boundary-Induced Auxiliary Features in Scattering-Type Near-Field Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Phonon-polaritons (PhPs) in layered crystals, including hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), have been investigated by combined scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Nevertheless, many of such s-SNOM based FTIR spectra features remain unexplored, especially those originated from the impact of boundaries. Here we observe real-space PhP propagations in thin-layer hBN sheets either supported or suspended by s-SNOM imaging. Then with a high-power broadband IR laser source, we identify two major peaks and multiple auxiliary peaks in the near-field amplitude spectra, obtained using scattering-type near-field FTIR spectroscopy, from both supported and suspended hBN. The major PhP propagation interference peak moves towards the major in-plane phonon peak when the IR illumination moves away from the hBN edge. Specific differences between the auxiliary peaks in the near-field amplitude spectra from supported and suspended hBN sheets are investigated regarding different boundary conditions, associated with edges and substrate interfaces. The outcomes may be explored in heterostructures for advanced nanophotonic applications.

Diagnostic value and clinical significance of MRI and CT in detecting lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer.

Diagnostic value and clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in detecting lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer were investigated. From April 2015 to April 2019, 160 patients with lymph node metastasis (stage I–II) of early cervical cancer in Jining No. 1 People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients underwent MRI, CT diagnosis and MRI combined with CT diagnosis before operation. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accordance rate, the diagnostic value and clinical significance of MRI, CT and MRI combined with CT in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer were compared. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accordance rate of MRI in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer in stage Ia-Ib were 75.00, 72.92 and 77.50%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of PET/CT in the same period (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accordance rate of MRI combined with CT in the diagnosis of early cervical cancer in stage Ia-Ib were 78.13, 87.50 and 83.75%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of MRI or CT alone (P<0.05). However, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accordance rate of MRI combined with CT in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer in stage IIa-IIb were 91.66, 82.81 and 88.13%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of MRI or CT alone (P<0.05). MRI is superior to CT in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer. However, the diagnostic efficiency of combined scans of the two is far higher than that of MRI or CT alone, which has more diagnostic value. In clinic, MRI and CT should be combined to improve the diagnostic accuracy of diseases.