Combinations Of Organic Sources Research Articles

Effect of different organic amendments on phosphorus dynamics of blackgram (Vigna mungo)

Legumes play a significant role in sustainable agriculture through their ability to improve soil fertility and health. With a mutual symbiotic relationship with some bacteria in soil, they can improve nitrogen (N) amount through biological N-fixation (BNF). But to maximize such functions, legumes need more phosphorus (P) as it is required for energy transformation in nodules. Besides, P also plays a significant role in root development, nutrient uptake and growth of legume crops. A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2019 at IFS unit, College of Agriculture, (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad), Vijayapur, Karnataka to study the effect of different combination of organic sources on phosphorus dynamics of blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. Among different treatments, the application of vermicompost + ghanajeevamrutha @ 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB recorded significantly higher soil available phosphorus (36.30 kg/ha) and uptake by blackgram (16.08 kg/ha). This study has demonstrated the dynamics of phosphorus through different organic sources in blackgram.

Effect of Different Organic Sources on Nutrient Dynamics and Microbial Count of Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

Background: Concerning fertilization, the pulse crops are more responsive to organic manures but indiscriminate and continuous use of chemical fertilizers has venomous effects on physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil thereby affecting the sustainability of crop production, besides causing environmental pollution. Methods: The study aimed at understanding the effect of different organic amendments on nutrient dynamics of black gram (Vigna mungo), which was carried out at the IFS unit, College of Agriculture, Vijayapur, during Kharif-2019 to study the effect of different combinations of organic sources on nutrient availability, nutrient uptake and soil microbial load in black gram. Result: The application of vermicompost + ghanajeevamrutha @ 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB recorded significantly higher soil organic carbon (SOC) (0.70%), soil available nitrogen (291.39 kg ha-1), phosphorus (36.30 kg ha-1) and potassium (580.53 kg ha-1) and significantly higher uptake of nutrients i.e., nitrogen (52.07 and 75.43 kg ha-1), phosphorus (10.12 and 16.08 kg ha-1) and potassium (37.67 and 55.42 kg ha-1) at 45 and 75 DAS compared to all other treatments. Similarly, application of FYM + vermicompost @ 100% RDP + Rhizobium + PSB has recorded the highest microbial count of bacteria [24.40 × 106 CFU (Colony Forming Units) g-1], fungi (17.0 × 103 CFU g-1) and actinomycetes (7.50 × 103 CFU g-1), demonstrating the importance of usage of organics for improving the nutrient availability, uptake and microbial load in black gram.

Integrated Nitrogen Management in Growth and Yield of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Under Red and Lateritic Soils of Odisha

The present study was conducted in research plots of Central Horticultural Research station (CHES) during Rabi season 2018-2019 on Integrated Nitrogen management in chilli under lateritic soils of Odisha. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising of eight treatments replicated thrice. It was observed that the substitution of N through vermicompost to the extent of 50% and remaining 50% as urea proved to be considered as the best treatment amongst different combinations of organic sources with urea (RDF). The highest yield of chilli i.e. both pod yield (14511.4 kg ha-1) and stover yield (901.05 kg ha-1) and plant growth such as plant height, flowering, fruiting, fruit length, fruit girth was observed in T5 due to combination of 50% of N as urea and 50% of N as VC. Integrated use of organic manures along with chemical fertilizers not only produced highest and sustainable crop yields but also enhanced plant growth due to quick mineralization and easy availability.

To study the effect of organic manures on nutrient uptake & economics of mustard crop

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya (Uttar Pradesh) during the Rabi season of 2012-13 “To Study the Effect of Organic Manures on Nutrient Uptake (Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Potassium) & Economics Of Mustard Crop. The experiment comprised of six treatments viz. one 100% fertilizer, one integrated (FYM+Fertilizer) and four 100% organic consisting various combinations of organic sources (FYM, Vermicompost, Neemcake, PSB, Azotobacter), tested in Randomized Block Design and replications three times. The basic information on the physico-chemical properties of the soil indicated that the soil of the experimental field was classified as silty loam which was low in organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and medium in potassium. The crop recorded normal recommended cultural practices and plant protection measures. Results revealed that all the growth, nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus & potassium, yield attributes and quality increased significantly under the integrated treatment (FYM+FERETILIZER). The growth characters viz., plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and number of branches per plant and yield attributes like number of siliquae per plant, number of seed per siliqua, length of siliqua (cm), 1000 seed weight(g), biological yield, seed yield, stover yield(q ha-1), harvest index(%) and NPK uptake of mustard crop. On the basis of economics of different treatment, the maximum gross returns (Rs. 78598.00 per ha), net returns (Rs 59067.00 per ha) and Benefit:Cost ratio (3.02) was recorded under integrated treatment (FYM + fertilizer) for mustard crop.

Effect of organic nutrient sources on productivity, profitability and quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in acid soils of Eastern Himalayas

Ginger cultivated with limited organic manures will produce low yields and would require different nutrient combinations for increased nutrition availability for higher productivity. The combination of organic nutrient sources was expected to increase and improve the growth and yield of ginger rhizome. Research experiments were conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ranipool, East Sikkim, India to study the effect of different organic nutrient sources on yield and quality of ginger for three consecutive summer seasons (2013-15) under field conditions aimed to assess the effect of different combinations of organic sources on growth, yield, quality and profitability of ginger rhizome. The study revealed that a single organic soil nutrient source does not significantly influence the growth and yield of ginger rhizomes. The combination of two nutrient sources significantly influenced all parameters of the growth and yield of ginger rhizome. The combination of 50% pig manure + 50% poultry manure gave the best response to all the vegetative growth parameters, viz. plant height (109.0 cm), tillers per plant (16.3 nos.), number of leaves per tiller (17.9 nos.), size of leaves (30.9 cm2) but combination of 50% FYM + 50% rural compost showed the significant effect on finger length (39.3 cm), finger width (29.9 cm), finger weight (563.5 g), fresh yield (16.0 t/ha), cured rhizome yield (3.3 t/ha), net return (` 324.30 × 103 ha) and benefit:cost ratio (3.0), oleoresin content (5.26%), essential oil (3.96%) and crude fibre (4.95%) in rhizome over the other treatment combinations.

Impact of various levels of organic sources on economics feasibility of the crop production of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

An experiment was conducted to assess the economic feasibility of various levels of organic sources to the crop production of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) during the Rabi season of 2011-12 at the main experiment station, Department of Vegetable Science, Narendra Dev Universit7y of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.). The experiment was initiated with eight treatments T1 (FYM 100 % @ 10 t/ha), T2 (vermicompost 100 % @ 5 t/ha), T3 (FYM 50 % 5t/ha) + vermicompost 50 per cent (2.5t/ha), T4 (FYM 25 % 2.5t/ha) + vermicompost 75 per cent (3.75t/ha), T5 (FYM75 % 7.5t/ha) + vermicompost 25 per cent (1.25t/ha), T6 (of FYM @ 5 t/ha + Azospirillum @ 1.5 kg/ha), T7 (Recommended dose of fertilizers 60:30:30 kg NPK/ha) and T8 (control). From over all experimental results it is concluded that higher economic return (63030.00 Rs./ha) was obtained from higher coriander yield (14.58 q/ha) with the application of better combination of organic sources. i.e. T4 (Application of FYM 25 % 5 t ha-1) + vermicompost 75 per cent (3.75 t ha1) treatment. Thus, the present findings have practical utility in successful cultivation of seed spices particularly coriander whereas, the highest cost: benefit ratio (1: 2.82) has been calculated by the use of T6 (Application of FYM @ 5 t/ha. + Azospirillum @ 1.5 kg/ha) treatment.

Effect of nutrient supplementation through organic sources on growth, yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativumL.)

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of nutrient supplementation through organic sources on growth, yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) during 2011–2012. Eight treatments i.e., T1 (FYM 100% @ 10 t/ha), T2 (Vermi-compost 100% @ 5 t/ha), T3 (FYM 50% (5t/ha) + Vermi-compost 50% (2.5t/ha), T4 (FYM 25% (2.5t/ha) + Vermicompost 75% (3.75t/ha), T5 (FYM 75% (7.5t/ha) + Vermi-compost 25% (1.25t/ha), T6 (of FYM @ 5 t/ha + Azospirillum @ 1.5 kg/ha), T7 (Recommended dose of fertilizers @ 60:30:30 Kg NPK/ha) and T8 (Control) were arranged in randomised block design replicated thrice. Among different treatments, the maximum plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, number of umbels/plant, number of umbelets/umbel, number of seeds/umbel, weight of 1000 seeds and seed yield (14.58 q/ha) were recorded with the application of better combination of organic sources i.e. T4 (Application of FYM 25% (5 t ha−1) + Vermi-compost 75% (3.75 t ha−1).

Influence of organic nutrient sources on productivity of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems in Jharkhand

A field experiment was conducted at Ranchi for 4 years (2004-05 to 2007-08) on a fixed site in split plot design consisting two crop sequences: basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)wheat {Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol} and basmati ricelentil (Lens esculenta Mocnch) in the main plots, where rice was grown after incorporation of green manure dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) and four combinations of organic sources viz. Farmyard manure (FYM) + vermicompost (VC), FYM + karanj cake (KC), VC + KC in 50: 50 ratio and VC + KC + FYM (1/3rd each) with one absolute control in the sub plots. The productivity of ricewheat was 21.4% higher than ricelentil system (3.09 REY t/ha). All combinations of organic manuring were equally effective in increasing productivity of system, decreased the bulk density and increased water holding capacity, microbial population, soil fertility than the initial values as compared to control treatment over a period of four years study.

ADDITIVE AND SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ON PLANT GROWTH FROM POLYMERS AND ORGANIC MATTER APPLIED TO SOIL SIMULTANEOUSLY

The effect of applying to soil combinations of organic sources was tested and an anionic polyacrylamide and both singly on emergence and growth of tomato and wheat plants. The interactions were generally additive and synergistic. The organic sources and polyacrylamide often had a sparing effect on the need for the other. In one test with an organic source high in N (6%), there was a negative interaction on growth of tomato plants between the polyacrylamide and the organic source. In a test in which the polyacrylamide was applied to soil in solution with a high application of composted manure, the interaction on growth of tomato seedlings was additive. Maximum response for tomatoes for soils low in soil organic matter to polyacrylamide was obtained for low 224 kg ha/sup -1/) rather than high (448 and 1120 kg ha/sup -1/) application levels with or without addition of other organics. Interaction between polyacrylamide and organics on plant growth varied with soil characteristics.