Colored Nets Research Articles

Water requirements and crop coefficients of tropical forest seedlings in different shading conditions

ABSTRACT The objective was to determine the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficients (Kc) of tropical forest seedlings over a 135-day cycle, in the climatic conditions of the Cerrado-Amazon transitional region (11º 51’ 08 “S; 55º 30’ 56” W; altitude of 371 m). Five native species (Tabebuia impetiginosa, Tabebuia roseoalba, Handroanthus chrysotrichus, Parkia pendula and Parkia platycephala) and one exotic species (Adenanthera pavonina) were evaluated in seven shading conditions: 35, 50 and 80% black nets (Polyolefin); green Frontinet®, red ChromatiNet® and blue ChromatiNet® of 50% shading; and full sun. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was obtained by the Penman-Monteith FAO-56 method and the crop evapotranspiration of the seedlings (ETc) was given by daily weighing. The Kc values were obtained by dividing ETo by ETc. At 135 DAT, destructive analysis was performed to determine the leaf area. In full sun conditions, ETc varied from 3.9 (P. pendula) to 5.0 mm d-1 (T. roseoalba). The increase in the shading percentage promotes reduction in leaf area, ETc and Kc. Colored nets with 50% shading generate similar water demands.

COLORED SHADING NETS INCREASE YIELDS AND PROFITABILITY OF HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES

COLORED SHADING NETS INCREASE YIELDS AND PROFITABILITY OF HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES

Petri Net Based Program Design and Implementation for Controller Systems

This paper presents at first a method how to design programmes for controller systems with various net types: Grafcet, control interpreted Placer/Transition Net and Coloured Net. In the following there is a description of implementation methods: unfolding of the Coloured Nets, distribution, C-code or Statement List generation or a rule based method. The last method is used for realisation in hardware structures. A description of the tool system completes the paper.

漁網の色に関する研究-I

1. As seen from the behaviour of fish schools studied, Trachurus trachurus (LINNÉ), Atherion elymus (J. & S.), and Cyprinus carpio (LINNÉ), the fish barring effect of a colourcd net decreased almost always in the following order: red > yellow > green, while black, gray, and white produced different effects on fishes, if the latter were of different species (Table 2, Fig. 2). 2. The number of fish which passed through the net, red, yollow, or green coloured, respectively, does not vary with the intensity but seems to depend on the wave length of the light reflected by the net (Fig. 4). 3. Fishes behaved differently even to the nets of the same colour if the light source was made different (Table 2). 4. The present results may not, entirely be free from the colour contrast due to the simultaneous use of differently coloured nets.