University-level Players Research Articles

Immediate Effects of Different Physiotherapy Intervention in Reducing Doms Induced Biochemical Markers Among College Level Players

Immediate Effects of Different Physiotherapy Intervention in Reducing Doms Induced Biochemical Markers Among College Level Players

Prevalence of Breathing Pattern Disorders among University Level Players

Prevalence of Breathing Pattern Disorders among University Level Players

Mental Imagery Between Indigenous & Ball Games Players: A Comparison

Background: - Ball game is a very popular game all over world and indigenous sport also very popular in India. Indigenous sports are native games and play activities originating in and Characteristic of an area or country. Aims: - The Purpose of the study is to compare indigenous & ball games players in respect of sports imagery ability. Methods and Material: - Total 40 Inter University level players from Visva- Bharati University, Santiniketa, Birbhum, WestBengal, India were selected as subjects for this study. The age of the subjects were 21-25 years. Statistical analysis used :- Descriptive statistics and‘t’ test were used. To calculate the collected data socscistatistics.com (Online software) was used. Results:- The result shows that there is no significant difference of sports mental imagery ability between indigenous sports(kho-kho&kabaddi) and ball game(football&volleyball) players. Conclusions:- There is no significant difference between indigenous sports and ballgame players in respect of Sports Mental imagery ability.

The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Coping Ability in Senior Female Field-Hockey Players in South Africa.

Research has suggested that coping under pressure could be rooted in the ability to identify and manage one's emotions. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis using cross-sectional data obtained from a sample of South African national and university level female field-hockey players (N = 60, Mage = 21.57, SD = 3.65). A correlational research design was adopted of which a pen-and-paper survey containing the Emotional Intelligence Scale and Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 was used to collect the data. Descriptive results exposed players to yield higher than average levels of total emotional intelligence and coping ability in sport with significant differences noted between the national and university level players in terms of their ability to manage their own emotions (p = 0.018), utilise emotions (p = 0.007, d = 0.74), coping with adversity (p = 0.002, d = 0.84), coachability (p < 0.01, d = 3.17), and overall coping ability (p < 0.01, d = 1.00). After controlling for the level of participation, hierarchical linear regression analyses confirmed the relationship between the study variables exposing total emotional intelligence to be a significant predictor of players' ability to cope with adversity (β = 0.55, p = 0.006), concentrate (β = 0.43, p = 0.044), maintain confidence and achievement motivation (β = 0.42, p = 0.027), as well as overall coping ability (β = 0.28, p = 0.023). It was concluded that emotional intelligence may be a worthy contributor in the psychological profiling of players and a plausible intervention mapping tool in sport psychology practice to potentially enhance the coping ability of female field-hockey players.

Comparison of Body Composition Among the Selected Groups of Female Kabaddi Players

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to find out the Body Composition of female Kabaddi players, It was also to compare the body composition characteristics among the groups of female kabaddi players. Method: A total of 101 national and University-level female Kabaddi players were selected as subjects for the study. Most of them were national-level players and very few were university-level players, the age range of the subjects was 18 years to 25 years. The subjects were taken from the East Zone of India. The subjects had experience in competitive Kabaddi for 10-12 years and also they were active in playing Kabaddi. After observing each subject’s playing position, subject’s view, and coach’s concern, they were divided into three groups Raider, Defender, and All-rounder. The Body Composition was considered as BMI, Body Density, % of Body Fat, Total Body Fat, and Lean Body Mass. Mean, Standard Deviation, Percentage, and One-Way ANOVA were calculated to differentiate among the groups. Result: The result concluded that the BMI of all female Kabaddi players was in the normal range. The Body Fat Percentage of female raider, defender and all-rounder Kabaddi players were 23.34 %, 24.7 %, and 23.8 % respectively. Lean Body Mass of female raider, defender, and all-rounder kabaddi players were 42.94 kg, 42.05 kg, and 42.82 kg respectively. Conclusion: Lastly, there were no significant differences among the different groups in the body composition characteristics of female kabaddi players.

Mechanical role of Arm Swing on Vertical Jump Performance

Introduction: Advanced technology has allowed biomechanists to gather very accurate measurements of many of the parameters associated with human movement. In sports, vertical jump is very important factors. It is an effective exercise for building both endurance and explosive power and through the vertical jump performance the players take advantage in sports. So here, the present study was to analyze the Mechanical role of arm swing on vertical jump performance. Objective: 1. To know the mechanical role of arm swing and without arm swing on vertical jump performance of university level players of Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India. 2. To know the effect of power on arm swing and without arm swing of vertical jump performance of the university level players of Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India. 3. To find out the relationship between power and arm swing of vertical jump performance of the university level players of Jadavpur University, West Bengal, India. Methodology: 4 Volleyball (20.29±1.38 years, 179±4.54cm and 67±4.34kg), 4 Basketball (23.43±2.57years, 170.57±3.15cm and 62.13±7.58kg) and 4 High Jump (21.75±.95 years, 170.37±3.15cm and 64.75±2.21kg) university (Jadavpur university) level players were selected randomly as the subjects. Results: The result of study revealed that there were significant differences (t-4.17*) between arm swing (56.67±4.86cm) and without arm swing (43.21±4.23) vertical jump performance of high jump players and vertical jump performance of the volleyball and basketball players were found no significant difference but positive effect showed. Also the results showed that in power (ground reaction force) there were no significant differences found between arm swing and without arm swing of the university level players. There were also positive relationship found in Volleyball (r-0.61), Basketball (r- 0.89) and High jump (r- 0.84) University level players between power and arm swing vertical jump performance. Conclusion: Arm swing positively effect on the vertical jump performance for Volleyball, Basketball and High Jump players. Arm swing also positively effect on increased the power which in turn help to increased the jumping height of Volleyball, Basketball and High Jump players. It also concluded that there is positive relationship between power and with arm swing in vertical jump performance.

Balance and agility of team games and individual sports persons: A comparative study

In this study the researcher effort has been made to compare the balance and agility of individual and team sports of university level sports persons. For achieving purpose of the study total 80 University level players were selected for this study, in that 40 subjects from team sports, 20 each from volleyball players and football players, similarly subjects from individual sports. The age of the subjects ranged between 18 to 25 years. For this study, the motor fitness variable such as Balance and Agility was selected as a independent variables. To compare the balance and agility between the individual and team sports persons the independent t-test was applied and level of significance fixed at 0.05 level. The findings of the study was found that there was significance difference exists in balance ability between individual and team sports persons of university level players and there was no difference exists in the agility of individual and team sports persons of university level players.

A comparative study of self confidence among female university level cricket players from different states of north India

A Total of sixty (N=60) female university level players, twenty (20) from each state i.e. Delhi, Punjab and Haryana (Mean Age 22) were volunteered in this study. Standard Hardy and Nelson (1992) questionnaire for self-confidence was used to measure the self confidence level of the subjects. The test consists of four questions with six levels of responses. The levels of changes from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The respondents were made to encircle the appropriate number, which suited their attitude. The scale was revalidated by administering the questionnaire on 54 active players of North Bengal University. This scoring range of this questionnaire was 4 to 24. The higher score indicate the high level of self-confidence. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out the overall mean significance difference of three groups and least significance difference (LSD) post-hoc test was used to measure the paired mean significance difference. The results revealed that Female cricket players from Haryana state possessed higher self-confidence than the Punjab and Delhi players.

A relationship study of physiological characteristics and basketball playing ability among university level players

The objective of this was to examine the relationship between examine the relationship between physiological characteristics and playing ability of male Basketball players of university level In this Study, a total of 250 male Basketball players were recruited from the various Universities of Northern India. The sampling was done by using the purposive sampling method. The physiological characteristics aerobic fitness (vo2 max), speed, grip strength, explosive power. Basketball playing ability was tested using the AAHPERD Basketball skill test. It was found that aerobic fitness (vo2 max), grip strength and explosive power were positively related whereas speed was negatively related to Basketball playing ability. It can be concluded that physiological characteristics play significant role to enhance Basketball playing ability.

Utilization of cues in action anticipation in table tennis players

ABSTRACTBy manipulating the congruency between body kinematics and subsequent ball trajectory, this study investigated the anticipation capabilities of regional-level, college-level, and novice table tennis players using a full video simulation occluder paradigm. Participants watched footage containing congruent, incongruent, or no ball trajectory information, to predict the landing point of the ball. They were required to choose between two potential locations to make their prediction. Percent accuracy and relevant indexes (d-prime, criterion, effect size) were calculated for each condition. Results indicated that experienced table tennis players (both regional and college players) were superior to novices in the ability to anticipate ball trajectory using kinematic information, but no difference was found between regional-level and college-level players. The findings of this study further demonstrate the superior anticipation ability of experienced table tennis players. Furthermore, the present result suggests that there may be a certain “baseline” level of motor experience in racquet sports for effective action anticipation, while the addition of further motor experience does not appear to assist direction anticipation.

Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Motor Fitness Parameters

Despite being challenged in recent years, the hypothesis that individuals of higher socioeconomic status (SES) are more physically active than their lower SES counterparts is generally considered a fact. The present paper is to study the effect of socio-economic status on motor fitness of university level players. The sample consists of 450 university level players from three universities of Udaipur. The Socio-economic scale by Kuppuswami and Aapher fitness test is used as tools of the study. The one way ANOVA was used and results indicate that there is significant effect of socio-economic status on motor fitness of university level players.

Effect of Age on Motor Fitness Parameters

The present paper is to study the effect of age on motor fitness of university level players. The sample consists of 450 university level players from three universities of Udaipur. The Aapher fitness test is used as tools of the study. All the university level players were categorized into three age groups namely 18-20, 21-24 and 25-27 years. The one way ANOVA was used and results indicate that there is significant effect of socio-economic status on motor fitness of university level players.

An Investigation of Ball Velocity between the Instep and Inside of the Foot Kicks of University Soccer Players

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to investigate ball velocity of instep and inside foot kicks of university level soccer players. Method: The participants sample consisted twenty university soccer players from Fiji National University, Fiji. All participants have minimum of four years playing experience. The participants delivered instep and inside foot kicks using the right leg. Participants wore a complete soccer kit. Two cameras were used for this study. The cameras intersected each other perpendicularly on sagittal and frontal plans. Motion Analysis Tools (MAT) software was used to determine the ball velocity and IBM SPSS 30 was used to calculate pair t-test involving two tail tests to determine the significant difference of the ball velocity of university soccer players. Results: The results of the study indicate that the mean velocity of instep soccer kick is higher than the mean velocity of the inside foot soccer kicks. A significant difference also exists at the .05 level between the instep and the inside foot soccer kicks of the participants. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the inside foot kick resulted in a lower ball velocity than the instep kick on the part of the university level players.

Effect of Competitive Anxiety on sports Performance among College Level Players

The present investigation was undertaken to study the Effect of Competitive Anxiety on sports Performance among College Level Players. For this 100 student players of sports like cricket, volley ball, shuttle, kho-kho, kabadi and the like studying in different Arts and Science Colleges of Puducherry region were identified and selected on the basis of their performance in different competitions during the last three years. Sports Competition Anxiety Test, constructed and standardized by Rainer Marten (1990) was used to assess the anxiety level of the players. Analysis was done by using one way ANOVA. Findings of the study reveals that high level of competitive anxiety lowers the sport performance of the student players studying in arts and science colleges of in and around Puducherry.

Comparison of Dynamic Balance in Collegiate Field Hockey and Football Players Using Star Excursion Balance Test

The preliminary study aimed to compare dynamic balance between collegiate athletes competing or training in football and hockey using star excursion balance test. A total thirty university level players, football (n = 15) and field hockey (n = 15) were participated in the study. Dynamic balance was assessed by using star excursion balance test. The testing grid consists of 8 lines each 120 cm in length extending from a common point at 45° increments. The subjects were instructed to maintain a stable single leg stance with the test leg with shoes off and to reach for maximal distance with the other leg in each of the 8 directions. A pencil was used to point and read the distance to which each subject's foot reached. The normalized leg reach distances in each direction were summed for both limbs and the total sum of the mean of summed normalized distances of both limbs were calculated. There was no significant difference in all the directions of star excursion balance test scores in both the groups. Additionally, composite reach distances of both groups also found non-significant (P=0.5). However, the posterior (P=0.05) and lateral (P=0.03) normalized reach distances were significantly more in field hockey players. Field hockey players and football players did not differ in terms of dynamic balance.

Changes in Height, Body Weight, and Body Composition in American Football Players From 1942 to 2011

The purpose of this study was to document changes in height (cm), body weight (kg), and body composition (%fat) of American football players from 1942 to 2011. Published articles were identified from databases and cross-referencing of bibliographies. Studies selected met the requirements of (1) having 2 of 3 dependent (height, body weight, and body composition) variables reported in the results; (2) containing a skill level of college or professional; (3) providing measured not self-reported data; and (4) published studies in English language journals. The data were categorized into groups based on skill level (college and professional). The player positions were grouped into 3 categories: mixed linemen (offensive and defensive linemen, tight ends, and linebackers), mixed offensive backs (quarterback and running backs), and mixed skilled positions (defensive backs and wide receivers). Linear regression was used to provide slope estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Unpaired t-tests were used to determine whether an individual regression slope was significantly different from zero. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.017. College level players in all position groups have significantly increased body weight over time (95% CI: mixed lineman 0.338-0.900 kg·y(-1); mixed offensive backs 0.089-0.298 kg·y(-1); mixed skilled 0.078-0.334 kg·y(-1)). The college level mixed linemen showed a significant increase over time for height (95% CI: 0.034-0.188 cm·y(-1)) and body composition (0.046-0.275% fat per year). Significant increases in body weight over time were found for professional level mixed lineman (95% CI: 0.098-0.756 kg·y(-1)) and mixed offensive backs (95% CI: 0.1800-0.545 kg·y(-1)). There were no other significant changes at the professional level. These data demonstrate that body weight of all college players and professional mixed lineman have significantly increased from 1942 to 2011.

Prediction of Kabaddi Playing Ability from Selected Anthropometrical and Physical Variables among College Level Players

The purpose of the study was to predict the Kabaddi playing ability from selected Anthropometrical and Physical variables among College level Players. One hundred and Fourty four male inter collegiate Kabaddi players were randomly selected from various colleges in Tamilnadu state, India and their age ranged between 18 and 28 years. The subjects had past playing experience of at least three years in Kabaddi and only those who represented their respective college teams were taken as subjects. A series of anthropometrical measurements was carried out on each participant. These included Standing height measured by Stadiometer; Body weight measured by weighing machine, Two Length measurements - Arm length, Leg length, measured by Lufkin Anthropometric Tape. The data were collected by following standard testing protocol of International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Physical fitness components were measured by the following tests. Speed were assessed by 50 meter dash, Flexibility assessed by Sit and reach test, Leg explosive strength assessed by Standing broad jump, Muscular power assessed by Modified sit – ups and Muscular endurance assessed by 2.4 km run. The playing ability which was taken as the performance factor was subjectively assessed by three qualified Kabaddi coaches. All testing was done two day before inter collegiate competition by using scientifically approved equipments. Mean and Standard deviations were calculated for each of the selected variables. The inter-relationship among the selected anthropometrical, physical variables and Kabaddi playing ability, were computed by using Pearson’ product-moment correlation coefficients. All selected anthropometrical and physical variables that statistically correlated with performance were used to form respective linear predictive models (step-wise argument selection). The results revealed that an Inter–relationship exists significantly between the anthropometrical, physical and performance variables among male inter-collegiate Kabaddi players. The results also revealed that speed, agility, weight and flexibility become the common characteristics which can predict the playing ability in Kabaddi players.

Revision Surgery for Failed Elbow Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction

Background Although excellent results can be achieved in up to 90% of primary elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament reconstructions, retears of the ligament have been reported. As the number of primary reconstructions continues to increase, one could expect a commensurate increase in the number of revision medial collateral ligament reconstructions performed. Hypothesis Given the difficulty associated with revision procedures, the complication rate relative to primary reconstructions would increase while the percentage of athletes returning to their previous level of play would decrease. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence. 4. Methods This was a retrospective review of 15 patients who underwent revision surgery for retear of a reconstructed elbow medial collateral ligament. All patients had undergone previous elbow medial collateral ligament reconstruction and had new history and physical examination findings consistent with medial collateral ligament injury. Twelve subjects were professional baseball players and 3 were college-level players at the time of their revision procedure. Patients were evaluated at a minimum of 2 years after revision surgery. Outcomes were classified using the Conway scale. Results Average time to revision was 36 months. The technique used in the revision was the Jobe technique in 11 cases, DANE TJ in 3, and primary repair in 1. Thirty-three percent (5/15 excellent) returned to their previous level of play for at least 1 season. Additionally, there were 4 good, 2 fair, and 4 poor results. The ligament repair had a good outcome. Forty percent (6/15) of Patients had complications, 1 of whom required a subsequent surgery (lysis of adhesions). One subject experienced a retear of the medial collateral ligament. Conclusion The rate of return to play after revision medial collateral ligament surgery is much lower than after primary reconstruction. As was expected, the complication rate of revision surgery is higher as well. This study should help physicians when counseling baseball players who suffer retears of their medial collateral ligament.

Evidence of Anterior Temporal Atrophy in College-Level Soccer Players

The burgeoning popularity of youth soccer in the United States has occurred with little discussion of the safety of soccer for young people. Several studies however, have suggested that repeated head blows that occur during soccer play may be associated with cognitive effects and neurologic sequelae. In this study, we employed newer imaging techniques to examine brain changes in younger soccer players. We hypothesized that soccer players would demonstrate evidence of neurologic injury consistent with multiple frontal head blows. High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from groups of college-level soccer players and nonplaying controls. Gray-matter density and volume were compared across groups, using voxel-based morphometry. Scans were performed in the Center for Imaging Research of the University of Cincinnati. Participants were recruited from the local community and were screened for psychiatric and medical illnesses as well as contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging participation. Differences in gray-matter density and volume. Soccer players showed decreased gray-matter density and volume in portions of the anterior temporal cortex bilaterally (BA 38). Our findings suggest the presence of neurologic sequelae of soccer play, even in college-level players. Although more study is necessary, these findings suggest that further safety equipment may be warranted, particularly for younger players.