Zhangwu Zhi, written by Wen Zhenheng in Ming Dynasty, is a monograph on the appreciation and protection of antiquities, which contains a wealth of ideas and strategies for the protection of calligraphy and painting. This paper aims to explore the concept and strategy of painting and calligraphy protection proposed by Wen Zhenheng in Zhangwu Zhi, and analyze its inspiration and reference to contemporary painting and calligraphy protection. Through the in-depth study of Zhangwu Zhi, this paper analyzes Wen Zhenheng's views and measures on the protection of calligraphy and painting, and discusses the storage environment, light regulation, air pollution control and pest control of calligraphy and painting collections. And put forward to establish a good storage environment, reasonable control of temperature and humidity, do a good job in the warehouse heat insulation, moisture-proof and ventilation management of calligraphy and painting protection strategies. These strategies had a profound impact on the preservation of calligraphy and painting at that time and later. Although Wen Zhenheng's ideas and strategies for the protection of calligraphy and painting still have certain limitations in the contemporary era, the protection measures and methods proposed by Wen Zhenheng still have inspiration and reference significance for the protection of contemporary calligraphy and painting. Through in-depth study and understanding of Wen Zhenheng's painting and calligraphy protection concept and strategy, we can better protect and manage the painting and calligraphy collection to ensure its safe inheritance and long-term preservation.