Collective Benefits Research Articles

Dynamic Modeling and Optimization of Energy Storage in Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Systems

The power system landscape has evolved from isolated end-users to interactive communities due to advances in information and communication technologies. This paper explores peer-to-peer energy (P2PE) trading and sharing within a community, where customer incentives for energy exchange enhance collective profits. A two-stage optimization (TSO) framework is proposed: the first stage determines customer participation in P2PE, balancing individual and collective benefits, while the second stage optimizes economic aspects of P2P trading using a payment bargaining model. A case study demonstrates significant cost reductions and improved renewable energy utilization, with notable profit increments for participants. The study highlights the effectiveness of Nash bargaining theory and privacy-preserving algorithms in optimizing social welfare and economic interactions. Limitations include a focus on wind energy and simplified assumptions about energy storage. Future research should incorporate diverse renewable sources, dynamic modeling, and multi-community interactions.

Exploring the Role of Tools and Technologies in Enhancing Human Knowledge Acquisition: The Flora of Cambodia as a Pilot Project.

The globalization of the world profoundly impacts the academic and scientific domains. Technological advances have enabled an immeasurable progress in many scientific fields, for example structural or functional genomics, bioinformatics or even the development of artificial intelligence, which is becoming a catalyst for disciplines such as taxonomy. However, we are witnessing an unprecedented paradox. We have entered a period described as the 6th mass extinction (e.g., Ceballos et al. 2015, Ceballos et al. 2020, Cowie et al. 2022), where biodiversity has been in decline for many years because of anthropogenic activity (Myers et al. 2000, Sachs et al. 2009, Butchart et al. 2010) and yet, techniques have never been so advanced (e.g., online databases, metabarcording and eDNA identification methods). They produce a deluge of results and data that must be managed to facilitate their access and re-use and benefit to all users, i.e., scientists and stake-holders or policy makers on a global scale. Currently, the flora of Cambodia is part of the Flora of Cambodia, Laos and Viêt-nam*1 and is jointly edited by the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh and the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris since 2013. Given Cambodia's historical ties to French Indochina, France's long-term presence has significantly contributed to the documentation of Cambodia's biodiversity. The largest collection of Cambodian specimens is housed at the Paris Herbarium. The Flora of Cambodia project (Ung 2023) started in 2023 as a pilot project for testing the effectiveness of different open tools developped for taxonomists, e.g., the echinopscis platform*2 developped at the Royal Botanical Garden Kew; Bionomia*3; data made available online through platforms such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Atlas of Living Australia, and World Flora Online. Other sources will also be used, like publications (Joyce et al. 2020) and "les herbonautes"*4, a citizen science platform. The short-term result is to produce a checklist of the vascular plants of Cambodia in multiple languages including Khmer. This project aligns with the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) (Wilkinson et al. 2016) and CARE (Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsability, Ethics) (Carroll et al. 2020) principles.

PAYOFF-BASED PROBABILISTIC INTERACTION MODEL ON THE EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION IN SPATIAL PUBLIC GOODS GAME

In the spatial public goods game (SPGG), punishment effectively promotes cooperation but often reduces the collective benefits of cooperators and punishers. In order to increase revenue, we propose a probabilistic interaction domain model considering both strategy type and payoff level. In this model, players are divided into two types, successful players with payoffs higher than the payoff threshold and failed players with payoffs lower than the payoff threshold. A successful player is less likely to change the interaction range than a failed player. Through extensive simulations, it is shown to verify that a higher payoff threshold leads to a more pronounced promotion effect on cooperation and corresponds to a higher cooperation return. Moreover, introducing dynamic interaction domain can rapidly remove defectors from the vicinity of cooperative players on regular lattices. Reducing the payoff gap between punishers and cooperators helps mitigate the system’s second-order free-riding problem. Additionally, through analysis of the critical parameters, it is revised that incorporating diversity in interaction structures substantively enhances cooperation level.

Privacy during pandemics: Attitudes to public use of personal data

In this paper we investigate people’s attitudes to privacy and sharing of personal data when used to help society combat a contagious disease, such as COVID-19. Through a two-wave survey, we investigate the role of personal characteristics, and the effect of information, in shaping privacy attitudes. By conducting the survey in Norway and Sweden, which adopted very different strategies to handle the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyze potential differences in privacy attitudes due to policy changes. We find that privacy concern is negatively correlated with allowing public use of personal data. Trust in the entity collecting data and collectivist preferences are positively correlated with this type of data usage. Providing more information about the public benefit of sharing personal data makes respondents more positive to the use of their data, while providing additional information about the costs associated with data sharing does not change attitudes. The analysis suggests that stating a clear purpose and benefit for the data collection makes respondents more positive about sharing. Despite very different policy approaches, we do not find any major differences in privacy attitudes between Norway and Sweden. Findings are also similar between the two survey waves, suggesting a minor role for contextual changes.

Diálogo Inicial

This study investigates the application of the Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics (CARE) principles to the indigenous health data collected by the Secretariat of Indigenous Health (SESAI) in Brazil. Initially, the context of indigenous health policies in the country is discussed, highlighting the importance of integrating the Unified Health System (SUS) with indigenous policy to promote access to health for all. The research focuses on the need to align SESAI's data with the CARE principles, aiming to promote transparency and data availability for scientific research. Using a quantitative approach with exploratory aspects, the methodology included a bibliographic and documentary analysis to understand the CARE principles and propose strategies for aligning SESAI's data. The results indicate a growing interest in the topic, although there are gaps in data availability and in recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples over their data. The study initiated data processing, prioritizing the CARE principles, with the data made available in a geolocated tool. It concludes that the CARE Principles should guide future data collection and processing, supporting transparency and access to indigenous health data within the context of open government.

Higher education and public good in England

AbstractIn the Anglophone jurisdictions, higher education policy is over-determined by economic policy and subjected to neoliberal regulation based on quasi-market competition between corporatised institutions, regulated by performative comparisons, tuition fees, and outputs imagined as commodities. England installed marketisation in successive policy changes between the Thatcher government’s introduction of commercial fees for international students in 1979 and the full-fee market for domestic students, supported by subsidised income-contingent loans, in 2012. Policy commitment to public good outcomes (the collective and non-pecuniary individual benefits of higher education) was largely emptied out, leaving only attenuated proxies such as widening participation and research impact. Responsibility for public good outcomes was transferred from government to institutions. Following a discussion of Anglophone concepts of ‘public’ and an overview of key policy reports from 1963–2019, the paper reports on qualitative research into approaches to higher education and public good in England. There were 24 semi-structured interviews, with middle and senior manager-leaders in two universities and policy professionals. Nearly all advocated a broad public good role, in contrast to policy in England, and provided examples of public outcomes in higher education. However, these concepts lacked clarity, while at the same time the shaping effects of the market were sharply understood.

Institutions and cooperation: A meta-analysis of structural features in social dilemmas.

Cooperation underlies the ability of groups to realize collective benefits (e.g., creation of public goods). Yet, cooperation can be difficult to achieve when people face situations with conflicting interests between what is best for individuals versus the collective (i.e., social dilemmas). To address this challenge, groups can implement rules about structural changes in a situation. But what institutional rules can best facilitate cooperation? Theoretically, rules can be made to affect structural features of a social dilemma, such as the possible actions, outcomes, and people involved. We derived 13 preregistered hypotheses from existing work and collected 6 decades of empirical research to test how nine structural features influence cooperation within prisoner's dilemmas and public goods dilemmas. We do this by meta-analyzing mean levels of cooperation across studies (Study 1, k = 2,340, N = 229,528), and also examining how manipulations of these structural features in social dilemmas affect cooperation within studies (Study 2, k = 909). Results indicated that lower conflict of interests was associated with higher cooperation and that (a) the implementation of sanctions (i.e., reward and punishment of behaviors) and (b) allowing for communication most strongly enhanced cooperation. However, we found inconsistent support for the hypotheses that group size and matching design affect cooperation. Other structural features (e.g., symmetry of dilemmas, sequential decision making, payment) were not associated with cooperation. Overall, these findings inform institutions that can (or not) facilitate cooperation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A novel model for rural household photovoltaic market trading: Utilizing cooperative alliances within a peer-to-peer framework

In the face of diminishing traditional subsidy models and the constraints of grid-dependent transactions, this study explores trading models as a catalyst for rural electrification and sustainable development in China. Highlighting the emergence of rural photovoltaic (PV) prosumers, we propose trading models through cooperative alliances to facilitate market engagement within a peer-to-peer (P2P) framework. By applying the Shapley value for the equitable distribution of internal revenues, the study elucidates the complex interrelations between rural prosumers and the electrical grid, fostering a better understanding of their mutual interests. Further, we introduce a dynamic game-theoretic model to investigate the evolving market behaviors under diverse strategic influences among rural prosumer groups and the grid. Using numerical simulations based on real-world data from Shanghang County, Fujian Province, we analyze surplus and deficit electricity production scenarios within these alliances. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the cooperative alliance trading model in aligning individual, collective, and societal benefits. This comparative analysis of strategic outcomes validates the model's feasibility and role in advancing sustainable rural electrification strategies.

An Online Application to Explain Community Immunity with Personalized Avatars: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To evaluate the effects of a web-based, personalized avatar intervention conveying the concept of community immunity (herd immunity) on risk perception (perceptions of the risk of infection spreading (to self, family, community, and vulnerable individuals)) and other cognitive and emotional responses across 4 vaccine-preventable disease contexts: measles, pertussis, influenza, and an unnamed "vaccine-preventable disease." Through a robust user-centered design process, we developed a web application, " herdimm ," showing how community immunity works. In our application, people personalize a virtual community by creating avatars (themselves, 2 vulnerable people in their community, and 6 other people around them; e.g., family members or co-workers.) Herdimm integrates these avatars in a 2-minute narrated animation showing visually how infections spread with and without the protection of community immunity. The present study was a 2×4 factorial randomized controlled trial to assess herdimm 's effects. We recruited 3883 adults via Qualtrics living in Canada who could complete an online study in English or French. We pre-registered our study, including depositing our questionnaire and pre-scripted statistical code on Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/hkysb/ ). The trial ran from March 1 to July 1, 2021. We compared the web application to no intervention (i.e. control) on primary outcome risk perception, divided into objective risk perception (accuracy of risk perception) and subjective risk perception (subjective sense of risk), and on secondary outcomes-emotions (worry, anticipated guilt), knowledge, and vaccination intentions-using analysis of variance for continuous outcomes and logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes. We conducted planned moderation analyses using participants' scores on a validated scale of individualism and collectivism as moderators. Overall, herdimm had desirable effects on all outcomes. People randomized to herdimm were more likely to score high on objective risk perception (58.0%, 95% confidence interval 56.0%-59.9%) compared to those assigned to the control condition (38.2%, 95% confidence interval 35.5%-40.9%). Herdimm increased subjective risk perception from a mean of 5.30 on a scale from 1 to 7 among those assigned to the control to 5.54 among those assigned to herdimm . The application also increased emotions (worry, anticipated guilt) (F(1,3875)=13.13, p<0.001), knowledge (F(1,3875)=36.37, p<0.001) and vaccination intentions (Chi-squared(1)=9.4136, p=0.002). While objective risk perception did not differ by disease (Chi-squared(3)=6.94, p=0.074), other outcomes did (subjective risk perception F(3,3875) = 5.6430, p<0.001; emotions F(3,3875)=78.54, p<0.001; knowledge (F(3,3875)=5.20, p=0.001); vaccination intentions Chi-squared (3)=15.02, p=0.002). Moderation models showed that many findings were moderated by participants' individualism and collectivism scores. Overall, whereas outcomes tended not to vary by individualism and collectivism among participants in the control condition, the positive effects of herdimm were larger among participants with more collectivist orientations and effects were sometimes negative among participants with more individualist orientations. Conveying the concept of community immunity through a web application using personalized avatars increases objective and subjective risk perception and positively influences intentions to receive vaccines, particularly among people who have more collectivist worldviews. Including prosocial messages about the collective benefits of vaccination in public health campaigns may increase positive effects among people who are more collectivist while possibly backfiring among those who are more individualistic.

Cooperation in common property resource management: A group engagement approach

This study explored motivational cooperative behaviour types as a communal resource in a rural Zimbabwean setting. Using the group engagement model, the study examined motivational cooperative behaviour types in managing in managing water resources. Thirty community residents of Mhondoro-Ngezi District in Zimbabwe participated in the study (female = 13, community leaders = 10). Data were collected through one-on-one interviews. Thematic analysis revealed internal motivations of social altruism in discretionary cooperative behaviours of water conservation and external motivations of sanctions for compliance with customary regulations stipulating use of water sources. Discretionary cooperative behaviours of water conservation were characterised by individual willingness to comply with myths regarding water usage. External motivations of sanctions for compliance with customary regulations were about collective community activities. Motivations for managing a scarce community resource prioritised fair use, access, and sustenance for collective benefit. These findings suggest that voluntariness in cooperation in common property resource management is important for the sustainable use of scarce resources for consideration in community implementation of regulations.

A win–win strategy for environmental governance – role of exogenous personalised gains

ABSTRACT Cooperation on environmental issues is often perceived as a zero-sum game, where individual gains must be sacrificed for collective benefits. This paper offers a the oretical solution that balances individual and collective benefits to foster joint environmental action. Drawing on game theory and insights from the inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) literature, the paper explores how to solve environmental problems that present a collective action dilemma. It aligns with proponents of gain framing for environmental action and introduces the concept of ‘exogenous personalised gains’ in driving environmental action. It demonstrates that if the right exogenous personalised gains are leveraged, joint environmental actions are more likely.

A-148 Performance Evaluation ofthe Zybio EXT 4800: A Novel Optical-Magnetic Coagulation Analyzer

Abstract Background Coagulation analysis, crucial in clinical diagnostics, predominantly employs optical and Mechanical methods. Optical methods are preferred for their simplicity and cost-effectiveness but are susceptible to hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia interferences. Mechanical methods, considered more accurate, are hindered by higher costs and operational complexity. This study evaluates the Zybio EXT 4800, a novel analyzer integrating both technologies(U.S. Patent:US11022558 B2), to harness their collective benefits. Methods The study compared optical, mechanical, and integrated optical-mechanical detection methods for Prothrombin Time (PT) testing, particularly under interference conditions such as chyle. To ensure reagent reliability, a comprehensive open-vial stability assessment was conducted for Zybio's reagents. Additionally, a clinical correlation study compared Zybio EXT 4800 with Siemens CS-2000i Systems, covering multiple parameters. Through this rigorous methodology, the study sought to establish the accuracy, reliability, and clinical applicability of these advanced coagulation analysis technologies. Results In the presence of lipemia interferents during PT testing, notable fluctuations were observed with the optical method, resulting in deviations ranging from 80% to 104% from the set values. Conversely, when utilizing the integrated optical-mechanical approach for analysis, the instrument automatically identifies interferences in the sample, intelligently switching the detection method from optical to mechanical.This intelligent adaptation to interference exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities. The experimental results of mechanical testing show deviations ranging from 0.8% to 1.7%, while the experimental results of optical retesting after high-speed centrifugation of samples show deviations ranging from 1.1% to 2.3%. Regarding reagent stability, Zybio's reagents showcased exceptional durability. Following an accelerated aging process of 50 days at 37°C, Zybio reagents exhibited smaller relative deviations compared to the comparator reagents, underscoring the remarkable stability and reliability offered by Zybio's reagents. Furthermore, in a clinical correlation analysis between Zybio's “EXT 4800 Automated Coagulation Analyzer” and Siemens' “CS-2000i Systems,” strong correlations were observed. The R-squared values perform well, with determinations of exemplary quantitative parameters: FIB for 0.985, D-Dimer for 0.983, and AT for 0.980. These results not only validate the performance equivalence between the two systems but also highlight the advanced stability and anti-interference capabilities of the EXT 4800, positioning it as a formidable alternative to existing solutions. Conclusions The EXT 4800 coagulation analyzer effectively merges optical and mechanical methodologies, offering high sensitivity, accuracy, and reduced susceptibility to interferences. It presents as a cost-effective, reliable alternative in coagulation analysis, with strong performance correlations to established systems and superior reagent stability, making it a valuable addition to clinical laboratories.

Evaluating the detection of barbiturates in dried blood spots: A comparative analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with different extraction methods

Rapid and accurate characterization and quantitation of blood barbiturates and their combination drugs are very important for the clinical treatment of acute barbiturate poisoning. A comparison of dried blood spot (DBS) and traditional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in the pre-treatment stage, as well as a comparison of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as instrumental analysis methods, revealed differences in the analysis results of barbiturates and their combination drugs under different conditions. Based on these findings, we introduce a DBS-GC–MS/MS method. The developed and validated method showed good selectivity, sensitivity (LOD: 0.1 μg mL−1, LOQ: 0.2 μg mL−1), linearity (R2>0.9992), trueness (<15 %, except for carbamazepine, at 29.4 %), and precision (<15 %). Recovery was also good for most target compounds, but significant matrix effects were evident. Compared with the LLE method, the DBS method has the benefits of easy sample collection, storage, and transport, as well as simple pre-treatment and reduced reagent and energy consumption. Compared to LC-MS/MS, GC–MS/MS requires no switching between positive and negative ion modes and uses the MRM detection mode, meaning that more information about the sample compounds can be obtained in less analysis time. Using actual sample analysis, we have demonstrated the advantages of the DBS-GC–MS/MS method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of barbiturates and poisoning events due to combinations of these drugs. Comparison of the three instruments and the two treatment methods revealed their analysis characteristics. From the perspective of practical application, the broad practical value and advantages of DBS should be embraced in more applications, and future analytical laboratory development should continue to recognize GC–MS/MS as a useful supplement to LC-MS/MS.

How to communicate and what to disclose to participants in a recall-by-genotype research approach: a multistep empirical study.

Recall-by-genotype (RbG) is a bottom-up approach using existing genetic data to design follow-up stratified studies. Genetic information may be partially disclosed at invitation, thus raising ethical issues which call for defined best practices for disclosure and communication in RbG approaches. Within the context of the ProtectMove sub-project of the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study, we investigated research participant perspectives on RbG communication strategies (Step 1 and 4, questionnaire with a subsample of CHRIS participants with and without previous experience of RbG, respectively). Additionally, we explored researchers' and study personnel's experience with RbG (Step 2 and 3, focus group discussion). In step 1 (N = 95), participants were generally satisfied with the study process. Most (71.6%) wanted to know their carrier status for personal and collective benefit. Tailored disclosure strategies and transparent, effective, and well-thought-out communication approaches were advocated by study personnel (Step 2, N = 6) and researchers (Step 3, N = 7). Challenges in dealing with uncertainty, concerns caused by RbG invitations, and the possibility of misunderstanding were also raised. In step 4 (N = 369), participants valued being informed of study details at the first invitation stage, and generally felt comfortable towards RbG study invitations (58.5%) and to receiving genetic information after the study (58.5-81.6%). Comfort and perceived impact of disclosure of genetic information varied according to the type of variant being potentially disclosed. This study suggested designing communication strategies, based on clear and understandable explanations, sensitive to participant expectations and preferences, developing case-by-case solutions for disclosure.

The future of artificial intelligence: Time to embrace more international collaboration

In an era of rapid Artificial Intelligence (AI) growth, there is both excitement and concern about its impact. While AI poses ethical challenges, it also offers unprecedented opportunities to address global issues like climate change, health crises, and urbanization. Given AI's dual nature, international collaboration is essential, particularly between leading nations like the U.S. and China. We propose creating a specialized international organization to develop and enforce ethical AI guidelines. This organization would facilitate global cooperation, data sharing, and joint R&D, ensuring that AI advancements serve the collective benefit of humanity.

Data Modernization Opportunity: Alignment between US Public Health Data Policies and Public Health Ethics

Objective and ApproachModernizing data sharing policies is key to fix deficiencies exposed by COVID-19. Decentralized US public health data collection, with varying state laws, challenges data sharing across governmental entities. Many data protection laws rest on bioethical principles that de-emphasize collective interests, creating challenges for public health data governance. Here, we analyze US state public health data laws with WHO ethical guidelines, using a modified policy surveillance method to examine laws regulating data sharing between public health partners. We assess state law alignment with WHO guidelines for (1) public health data use, (2) research use, (3) emergency use, and (4) law enforcement use. ResultsWe found 34 states with laws explicitly allowing data sharing with federal public health agencies, 16 states permitting data sharing for research, 10 with provisions for emergencies, and 14 states permitting some data sharing for law enforcement. ConclusionsEfficient US public health data modernization needs policies that enable effective data sharing with proper justification and governance. The WHO offers guidance on ethically sharing sensitive data, but many US states' laws don't align with these guidelines, based on public health ethics. Instead, state laws often reflect bioethical standards, which are increasingly seen as unsuitable for managing population data in public health. ImplicationsSupportive policies are crucial for allowing population data to be used for social benefits. Policies that go against ethical guidelines and impose unnecessary obstacles to data sharing can hinder vital activities, like record linkage, that support public health efforts and collective benefits.

User Perception of Smart Home Surveillance: An Integrative Review

Smart Home Technologies (SHTs) have recently become popular for a variety of purposes, including healthcare, entertainment, and convenience, among others. While SHT manufacturers promise to provide a range of services relating to home security, health and wellness, automated domestic tasks, entertainment, and beyond, user perceptions vary widely in terms of benefits and drawbacks. Moreover, surveillance studies researchers have warned against normalizing technologies that may exacerbate uneven power dynamics between users and household members, marketing companies, insurance brokers, law enforcement, and others. Through an analysis of the interdisciplinary literature stemming from computer science and engineering, gerontology, the social sciences, and related fields, we explore the extent to which these potential risks and related concerns are reflected upon by smart home users. This scoping review aims to explore SHT user perceptions of privacy attitudes, the purposes of smart home surveillance, risks and benefits, and impacts on home safety. Through our review of sixty-eight relevant studies, we found that many smart home users reported satisfaction over perceived benefits such as an increased sense of safety and home security. Many others displayed limited understandings of data collection practices or expressed privacy concerns. Nonetheless, SHT usage prevailed among these users. Others report a perceived trade-off between privacy and other factors, such as convenience, and some may have resorted to privacy cynicism, a coping mechanism for dealing with ubiquitous surveillance. In order to better understand SHT adoption trends despite concerns, exploring the conflict between user perceptions of privacy, understanding of SHT data collection purposes, risks and benefits, and home safety, is essential.

Investigating the mediating role of green performance measurement systems in the nexus between green intellectual capital and environmental performance

Purpose This study aims to propose and examine a conceptual model that shows how green performance measurement systems (GPMS) mediate the relationship between green intellectual capital components and environmental performance. Design/methodology/approach The research surveyed 407 Vietnamese publicly listed companies to gather empirical data. Then, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) are used to examine the degree of emphasis firms place on using GPMS to transform green intellectual capital into firm value. Findings The results indicate that both green human capital and green organizational capital have a direct positive impact on environmental performance. On the contrary, the influence of green social capital on environmental performance was found to be indirect through the mediation of GPMS. Practical implications GPMS can be considered a tool that helps managers renew, develop and synchronize their systems to take advantage of green resources in environmental performance improvement. Social implications The effective assimilation of GPMS within industrial entities holds the potential to mitigate air pollution and hazardous waste, thereby ameliorating social conditions for both employees and the neighboring community. Besides that, proficient implementation of GPMS enhances collaborative efforts within the industrial sphere, yielding collective societal benefits. Originality/value This study emphasizes the importance of aligning green intellectual capital with appropriate control mechanisms, such as performance measurement systems, to maximize the benefits derived from these capital resources. The findings provide insights for organizations seeking to enhance their environmental performance and sustainability practices by effectively using their intellectual and social capital while implementing robust measurement systems.

How Can Participant Experience of Quality-of-Life Research Be Improved in Cancer Research: Views of the Patient and Public Involvement Representatives from the STAMPEDE2 Prostate Cancer Trial

Enhancement of the participant experience in quality of life (QOL) research is imperative to improve recruitment and ongoing engagement in QOL studies. Implementation of recommendations made by the patient and public involvement representatives for STAMPEDE2 could optimise the impact of QOL studies, with a benefit for participants and collection of invaluable data for cancer care research.

THE PEDAGOGICAL COORDINATOR AND HIS TASKS FACING DEMOCRATIC MANAGEMENT

The present work deals with the pedagogical coordinator in democratic school management. Democratic school management originated in the 1970s and 1980s, when the state decentralized its power. It is important that this management occurs, so that the elements involved feel part of the decision-making processes and solutions of problems, exercising democracy in search of the collective benefit. The pedagogical coordinator plays a fundamental role in this type of management, not being a leader or an authority, but an articulating leader, who harmonizes the relationships between school, student, teacher, director, community, parents and others involved, always giving priority to the pedagogical proposal decided by team and the qualification of the learning teaching process.