Collar Rot Disease Research Articles

Comparative efficacy of different chemical fungicides against Sclerotium rolfsii (sacc.) causing collar rot of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Present investigation was undertaken for efficacy of fungicides like i.e., carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WS (vitavax), pyraclostrobin 100 g/L CS, propiconazole 25% EC, hexaconazole 5% EC, thiophanate methyl 70% WP, carbendazim 50% WP, mancozeb 75% WP, chlorothalonil 75% WP and captan 70% + hexaconazole 5% WP were evaluated in-vitro at three concentrations viz., 100, 125 and 200 ppm concentration against S. rolfsii on PDA by poisoned food technique. The result revealed that increase in concentration of the fungicides caused increased inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogen. Among these, carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WS (vitavax) was completely inhibited mycelial growth of pathogen at 100 ppm, 125 ppm & 200 ppm. Followed by hexaconazole 5% EC in mycelial growth inhibition of 95.44, 97.22 and 100% at 100, 125 and 200 ppm, respectively. At 200 ppm both hexaconazole 5% EC and carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WS (vitavax) is statistically at par in growth inhibition. While, mancozeb 75% WP was found least effective at all concentrations against S. rolfsii. Most effective in-vitro evaluate fungicides tested for their efficacy against disease under pot experiment along with treatment application methods viz., pre-emergence drenching, seed treatment and integration of both seed treatment and post emergence seedling drenching at 7 days after germination (7 DAG) against collar rot disease of chickpea in pot experiment. All the treatments proved significantly superior when compared with inoculated control. Maximum percent reduction in PESR (100.00%) was recorded in vitavax power applied through seed treatment followed by hexaconazole recorded (90.91%) reduction in PESR. Maximum percent reduction in PESM (62.50%) was recorded in hexaconazole applied through integration of seed treatment & post emergence seedling drenching at 7 DAG. Which, was followed by vitavax power observed (50.00%) reduction in PESM. Seed treatment alone reduced PESR while, integration of seed treatment and post emergence seedling drenching at 7 DAG also reduced PESM. Among treated pots highest grain yield recorded (45.90 g/pot) in hexaconazole applied through integration of integration of seed treatment and post emergence seedling drenching at 7 DAG followed by vitavax power (43.33 g/pot).

Identification of resistant sources against collar rot disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) incited by Aspergillus niger

Collar rot disease incited by Aspergillus niger van Tiegham is one of the major constraint to groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in India. This fungus is ubiquitous, soil inhabitant causing severe reduction in seed germination. Infected seeds appear surrounded by black conidia and post-emergence infection occurs on collar region of plants leading to mortality of emerged seedlings at the seedling stage. Therefore, present study was carried out during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2022 and 2023 at Regional Research Station (CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana), Bawal, Haryana to identify the strategy of disease management by identification of new resistant lines which will be useful to develop introgression lines using marker-assisted backcrossing approach to improve disease resistance against soil-borne pathogens in popular groundnut varieties. A total of 245 groundnut genotypes were screened under natural epiphytotic field conditions in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications for their resistance against collar rot disease The results of the investigation indicated that 65 genotypes displayed resistant reactions among which ICGV-6285, GC-131-1, ICGV-06319, ICGV-02038, GC-100, GC-98, ICGV-02038, ICGV-7403, ICGV-7214, TG-37A and GC-133 exhibited the lowest collar rot incidence while, rest of the genotypes displayed moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible reaction. Thus, these resistant genotypes could be utilized in the hybridization programme to develop high yielding groundnut variety with inbuilt resistance against collar rot of groundnut.

Study of area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC) on collar rot disease of Indian bean caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in South Gujarat

Study of area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC) on collar rot disease of Indian bean caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in South Gujarat

Study on survey and incidence of collar rot disease of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Barak valley zone of Assam

Study on survey and incidence of collar rot disease of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Barak valley zone of Assam

Comparative in vitro evaluation of fungicides against collar rot pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii in elephant foot yam

Amorphophallus or elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) popularly known as the ‘King of tubers’ is one of the major tuber crops grown in India and other parts of the world. Collar rot disease, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the primary obstacles to tuber cultivation which can significantly reduce yield up to 100%. Saprophytic nature, broad host range, and ability to produce resting structures make it difficult to manage. In this experiment, 10 isolates of S. rolfsii were isolated by the surveying Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam and Alappuzha districts of Kerala, proved the pathogenicity by inoculating the pathogen cultured in sand- maize meal media (9:1). The isolate I3 obtained from Thiruvananthapuram district was found to be the most virulent based on the days taken for symptom development (4 days). Six fungicides (copper oxy chloride (50% WP), mancozeb (75% WP), propiconazole (25% EC), carbendazim (50% WP), trifloxystrobin (25%) + tebuconazole (50%) 75 WG, and carbendazim (12%) + mancozeb (63%) WP @ 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm were evaluated in vitro for their efficacy in inhibiting the fungal mycelial growth and sclerotia formation in isolate I3. All fungicides except carbendazim 50% WP and copper oxy chloride 50% WP, considerably reduced the mycelial development of S. rolfsii. Mancozeb 75%WP and trifloxystrobin (25%) + tebuconazole (50%) 75WG, showed complete inhibition of mycelial growth even at a lower concentration of 50 ppm.

Roving Survey of Collar Rot Disease of Chickpea Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in Rajasthan, India

Roving Survey of Collar Rot Disease of Chickpea Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in Rajasthan, India

Integrated Management of Collar Rot of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under Greenhouse Conditions

Collar rot, one of the major soil borne diseases of chickpea incited by Sclerotium rolfsii causes significant economic losses in chickpea crop. The present study was undertaken to identify the eco-friendly management of this soil borne disease in chickpea. In this study, the efficacy of chemical, biocontrol and biofumigation to manage the chickpea collar rot disease was tested under Greenhouse conditions. Our results revealed that the treatments involving the sole application of chemical fungicide Tebuconazole 60 FS (as seed treatment or soil application) or in combination with other treatments resulted in 100% germination of chickpea seeds. Two treatments namely T5 (SA of Tebuconazole 60 FS) and T12 (ST with Tebuconazole and SA of mustard seed cake) recorded 0.00% total mortality and hence found to be highly effective in protecting chickpea seeds from both pre emergence seed rot and post emergence seedling mortality.The results on the percent disease incidence revealed that, T10 (ST with Trichoderma spp and SA of mustard seed cake) provided maximum disease reduction of 81.93 per cent (PDI 12.04%) and 75.93 (PDI 24.07% ) per cent over the control at 30 and 45 DAS respectively. This was followed by Treatment T7 which exhibited 72.22 % (PDI 18.52%) and 69.45 % (PDI 30.55%) disease reduction over the control at 30 and 45 DAS respectively. Overall, the results of our study (considering both germination and percent disease incidence percentages), revealed that T7 (ST and SA of Trichoderma spp.) was the most effective treatment in managing the collar rot disease of chickpeas.

Management of Collar Rot Disease in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Caused by Aspergillus niger in Rajasthan Through Bio-control Agents

Management of Collar Rot Disease in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Caused by Aspergillus niger in Rajasthan Through Bio-control Agents

Controlling Soil-Borne Fungus Aspergillus niger in Groundnut By Optimizing The Function of Isolated Bacillus Bacteria

Collar rot is a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Aspergillus niger that greatly affects groundnut production worldwide. The long-term persistence of the fungus in the soil can reduce the effectiveness of synthetic fungicides. Recently, significant attention has been raised to the use of the biological control method such as the application of antagonistic microorganisms, which potentially decline the number of spores and eradicated A. niger from the soil. In the present study, three Bacillus strains (Bacillus siamensis 101, B. siamensis 112 and B. velezensis 137) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of groundnut cultivation farms were found to inhibit the growth of A. niger mycelia by 53.6% to 60.8% in vitro. In pot experiments, the supplementation of this mixture of three bacterial strains (namely BAZ04) strongly reduced the collar rot symptoms of groundnut with a biocontrol efficacy of 100% compared to nil (no treatment). Field trials demonstrated the efficiency of BAZ04 in controlling collar rot disease, which increased the yield by 20.5–22.7% compared to the untreated plots. These results suggest that BAZ04 is a potential biocontrol agent for collar rot disease.

Seed biopriming with different bioagents to minimize collar rot disease of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

The present studies investigate the effectiveness of various bioagents, namely Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzenium and Bacillus subtilis in promoting the growth, productivity and minimize the collar rot disease incidence in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) under in vitro and controlled pot conditions (upto 60 per cent disease control). Groundnut is a globally important oilseed crop known for its nutritional value and oil content. However, the sustainable production of groundnuts faces increasing challenges due to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Among the biotic diseases, collar rot disease of groundnut caused by Aspergillus niger is more extensive in kharif season and causes more damage in sandy loam soils. Bioagents like Trichoderma harzenium, Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are very helpful in increasing plant growth and controlling collar rot disease in groundnut. This study aims to elucidate the physiological mechanism underlying these interactions and provide practical insights into the application of this environmentally friendly approach for sustainable groundnut cultivation. Under pot condition treatment integration of seed treatment with Trichoderma viride and enriched vermicompost significantly shows minimum per cent disease incidence 6% and maximum plant vigour (2000) obtained from the treatment integration of Seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum and enriched Vermicompost. Our finding reveals that the application of integration of seed treatment with Trichoderma viride and enriched vermicompost significantly shows 57.14% disease control under pot conditions, outperformed the other bioagents in sustainable management of collar rot disease of groundnut and Pseudomonas fluorescens outperformed other bioagents in enhancement of growth of plant due to their PGPR activity.

Changing Scenario of Groundnut Stem and Collar Rot Diseases in Major Groundnut Growing Areas of Telangana

A roving survey was carried out in major groundnut-growing regions of Telangana state during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021 season aimed to assess the incidence of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and collar rot (Aspergillus niger) disease. The study revealed varying disease incidences at different stages and locations. The highest per cent disease incidence of stem rot from vegetative stage (22.05%) was recorded in Kalvapalle village of Mahabubabad district while maximum collar rot incidence (10.57%) was recorded in Choppadandi village of Karimnagar district. Lowest stem rot (7.81%) and collar rot (3.27%) incidence was recorded in Varkal village of Nalgonda district and Chakalpalle village of Wanaparthy district. Conversely at harvest stage maximum stem rot incidence (9.04%) was observed in Venkatapur village of Warangal district and maximum collar rot incidence (4.31%) was observed in Gundyala village of Mahabubnagar district. Lowest stem rot incidence (1.41%) was recorded in Gurthur village of Mahabubabad district while Collar rot incidence (1.69%) was recorded in Kondapur village of Nalgonda district.

Disease prevalence, incidence, morphological and molecular characterisation of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae causing collar rot disease on peanut plants in Turkey

AbstractPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) holds significant commercial and dietary importance as a major source of edible oil and protein in Turkey. Stem, collar or root rot, caused by several fungal disease agent, are serious soil-borne diseases of peanut. Accurate and precise identification of the disease agent provides fundamental and precise information for integrated plant management. During the period from June to September 2021, symptoms consistent with collar rot disease, including dark-brown stem rot, chlorotic leaves, wilting, and eventual whole plant death, were observed on peanut plants cultivated in the different districts of Osmaniye Province of Turkey. The disease incidence ranged from 8.0 to 45.0% in the inspected fields with an average of 3.4% overall. Twenty-four single-spore representative isolates were obtained from surface-disinfected symptomatic tissues. Morphological characteristics of fungal mycelium, conidial and pycnidial structures on potato sucrose agar (PSA) and water agar (WA) closely resembled those described for Lasiodiplodia spp. All isolates caused typical collar rot symptoms upon artificial inoculation of peanut seedlings. Morphological identification of Lasiodiplodia spp. isolates was corroborated by MALDI-TOF and molecular analyses utilizing sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β-tubulin 2 (tub2) and translation elongation factor-1 alpha (TEF1-α) loci. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the representative fungal isolates (MKUBK-B1 and MKUBK-K22) belong to Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of L. pseudotheobromae infecting peanut plants in Turkey. This work is expected to contribute to previously limited knowledge regarding the host range, incidence and prevalence of L. pseudotheobromae as a soilborne pathogen of peanuts. Due to the potential destructiveness and broad host range of this pathogen, it is essential to develop new strategies to establish more reliable, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective management approaches for this disease.

Efficacy of Different Bioagents against Collar Rot Disease of Chickpea Incited by Sclerotium rolfsii under In vitro Conditions

Sclerotium rolfsii is a destructive soil-borne pathogen causes over 500 spp. in 100 families of agricultural and horticultural crops. Collar rot disease of chickpea caused by pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. First symptom associated with S. rolfsii are usually girdling or rotting at basal or collar region of the stem resulting yellowing and wilting of entire plant. In the current study, the seven microorganisms were evaluated by dual culture technique for their antagonistic effect against S. rolfsii under In-vitro conditions. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition (80.97%) was noticed in Trichoderma harzianum which was followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens (74.04%). Least inhibition was observed in T. virens (45.53%). The results showed that the application of these bioagents were successfully decreases the disease incidence in chickpea.

Isolation and Characterization of Antagonistic Bacterial Strains for Biocontrol of Collar Rot (Aspergillus niger) in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Aspergillus niger is a pathogenic fungus causing collar rot disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The species is currently recognized as one of the most severe threats to groundnut worldwide, negatively impacting on productivity and quality of groundnut. This study was conducted to isolate bacterial strains capable of inhibiting the pathogenic A. niger QT1 strain as well as the production of some extracellular cell wall hydrolytic enzymes. A preliminary screening resulted in a total of 138 bacterial isolates exhibiting endo-β-1,3-glucanase activity. The second screening resulted in 10 isolates showing strong antagonistic activities against A. niger QT1 of 41.05 to 61.6% inhibitory ability. Among these, five isolates produced high cell wall hydrolytic enzymes, including endo β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and cellulase. Using the nucleotide sequence of 16s rRNA as a marker, it was revealed that these isolates were identified as Bacillus velezensis (2 strains), and Bacillus siamensis (3 strains). The in vivo evaluation of the potential application for treatment of A. niger QT1 demonstrated that all five strains effectively controlled collar rot disease of groundnuts. The highest efficacy was observerd in the treatment supplemented with B. velezensis 137 with no groundnut death. The present results strongly supported for the application of bacteria as biocontrol agents in order to replace the use of chemical plant fungal pesticides.

Evaluation of Tebuconazole 6% FS against Collar Rot, Stem Rot and Root Rot Disease Complex in Groundnut

Groundnut regarded as “king of oil seed crops” is an economic important food legume and edible oilseed crop in India, which severely suffers from soil borne diseases of groundnut, collar rot (Aspergillus niger), stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) causing major havoc causes significant economic losses. The field experiments were conducted to find out the efficacy of Tebuconazole 6% FS as a seed treatment fungicide against collar rot, stem rot and root rot diseases complex in ground nut during Rabi 2014-15 and Rabi 2015-16. The treatment Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 4.0 ml/10 kg and Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 5.0 ml/10 kg of seeds were found be the best treatments for seed germination, root and shoot length in during both the seasons.During first season, Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 5.0 ml/10 kg of seeds and Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 4.0 ml/10 kg of seeds were recorded 1.77 and 2.14 per cent collar rot incidence, 3.07 and 4.23 per cent stem rot disease incidence and 4.93 and 5.05 per cent root rot disease incidence, respectively. Similarly during second season, Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 5.0 ml/10 kg of seeds and Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 4.0 ml/10 kg of seeds were recorded 1.89 and 2.06 per cent collar rot incidence, 4.05 and 5.13 per cent stem rot incidence and 5.74 and 5.94 per cent root rot incidence, respectively. The highest pod yield was obtained from seed treatment with Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 5.0 ml/10 kg of seeds i.e. 20.22 q/ha and 20.10 q/ha during first and second season, respectively and Tebuconazole 6% FS @ 4.0 ml/10 kg of seeds recorded 20.12 q/ha and 20.00 q/ha of pod yield during first and second season, respectively.

Diversity Studies of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Isolates Associated with Collar Rot of Soybean Through Molecular and Biochemical Approaches

Background: Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the potential soil-borne plant pathogens due to its significant loss in terms of yield and quality in several crop plants. In soybean the pathogen is associated with collar rot disease. Methods: Sixteen samples which were showing collar rot symptoms were collected from different soybean growing regions of the country and were subjected for isolation and purification. Molecular detection was carried out using ITS1/4 primers followed by phylogenetic analysis was performed using the MEGA 11 bioinformatics tool. Further, the biochemical test was made for oxalic acid production to determine the variability across the isolate. Result: DNA was amplified for ITS rDNA region at 650-700 bp in all the sixteen isolates. BLAST detection of nucleotide sequence of sixteen isolates framed mainly into two distinct phylogenetic clusters. Cluster B consisted of two isolates (MPSe 1 and MHSa 3) whereas, Cluster A contains the remaining fourteen isolates. There was a variation with respect to oxalic acid production among the isolates which was in the rage of 1.15 to 2.23 mg/ml.

Disease spectrum and its molecular characterisation in the lentil production system of lower-Indo Gangetic plains.

Lentil is a food legume grown in the Indo-Gangetic plains including lower Gangetic Bengal (LGB). Lentil productivity in this zone is severely impeded because of the prevalence of several biotic cues. Plausible reports regarding the status of disease scenario and the associated risk factors are missing. Therefore, judicious crop management strategies are lacking. An intensive survey of 267 farmers' fields was conducted over 3 years in major lentil-growing districts of LGB to evaluate the disease incidence and prevalence. Additional insights were generated, apprehending isolation and characterisation of associated pathogens through spore morphology and molecular markers as well as elucidating the role of biophysical factors in influencing disease development. Climate change has shifted the disease dimension of lentil and precipitated new disease complexes of great risk, which was reflected through geospatial mapping results in the present study. The prevalence of three major diseases, namely collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii), lentil blight complex (LBC) incited by both Alternaria and Stemphylium, and lentil rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae), was ascertained through cultural and molecular studies and contextualised through pathogenicity appraisal. This study is the first to investigate the complex mixed infection of Alternaria alternata and Stemphylium botryosum, successfully isolating S. botyrosum in India, and confirming the pathogens through sequencing by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) primers and Stemphylium-specific Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (gpd1) and gpd2 primers. Unlike late planting, early planting promoted collar rot infestation. LBC and rust incidence were magnified in late planting. Soil texture resulted in the spatial distribution of collar rot disease. The surveyed data also highlighted the potential role of resistant cultivars and cropping pattern intervention to ensure associational resistance towards addressing the disease bottleneck in lentil.

Effects of bio consortium for the management of collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) disease of chickpea in vivo condition

A experiment was conducted in 2019-20 Rabi cropping season to obtain information on the incidence of chickpea diseases. The investigation was entitled effects of bio consortium for the management of collar rot (sclerotiumrolfsii) disease of chickpea in vivo condition was conducted, Department of Plant pathology JNKVV. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) concept comprising nine treatment combinations with three replications in net house condition.Effect of bio consortium against collar rot (Sclerotiumrolfsii) disease incidence on variety JG-12: Among the treatments minimum germination per cent 76.67 per cent was observed in T8. Maximum pre-emergence mortality 23.33 per cent was recorded in T8, Maximum disease incidence of 24.48 and 22.77 per cent was observed in T8 and minimum mortality 17.37% was recorded in T6. Effect of bio consortium on collar rot (Sclerotiumrolfsii) disease and phenotypic parameters on variety JG-12: Among the treatments minimum germination per cent 78.60 per cent was observed in T8, Maximum shoot height 24.33, 22.07, 20.07, 19.27, 16.37, 15.67, 14.23 and 13.30 cm were recorded in T6, Maximum root height 10.37 was recorded in T6, Maximum vigour index per cent of 3,274.21 was recorded in T6. Effect of bio consortium on collar rot (Sclerotiumrolfsii) disease incidence on variety JG-14: Among the treatments minimum germination per cent 77.78 per cent was observed in T8, Maximum pre-emergence mortality 22.22 per cent was recorded in T8, Maximum disease incidence of 24.27 per cent was observed in T8, minimum mortality 16.24 per cent was recorded in T6 (T. viride + T. harzianum + P. fluorescens).Effect of bio consortium on collar rot (Sclerotiumrolfsii) disease and phenotypic parameters on variety JG-14. Among the treatments minimum germination percent 80.68 per cent was observed in T8, Maximum shoot height 26.37 was recorded in T6, Maximum root length 11.53,was recorded in T6, Maximum vigour index percent of 3,658.07 was recorded in T6.

Evaluation of lablab bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet] genotypes: unveiling superior pod yield, nutritional quality, and collar rot resistance.

Malnutrition continues to be a significant concern at unacceptably high levels globally. There is significant potential for addressing malnutrition of human population through the biofortification of climate-resilient vegetables using strategic breeding strategies. Lablab bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], a underutilized nutrient-dense crop holds great potential in this aspect. Despite its advantageous nutritional profile, the production, research, and consumption of lablab bean are currently limited. Addressing these limitations and unlock the nutritional benefits of lablab beans needs to prioritized for fighting malnutrition in local inhabitants on a global scale. Twenty five genotypes of lablab bean collected through exploration survey in Eastern India and were evaluated in 2020-2021. Among them, the nine highly diverse well adapted genotypes were again evaluated at the experimental farm of ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India in 2021-2022. Horticultural important traits of lablab bean were recorded by using the minimum descriptors developed by ICAR-NBPGR in New Delhi and biochemical analysis was done by using standard protocols. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis was done used understand relationships, interdependencies, and causal pathways between different traits. The outcome was revalidated by using principal component analysis (PCA). Descriptive statistics revealed substantial heterogeneity across the traits of lablab bean evaluated. Vitamin A content showed nearly a five-fold variation, Fe ranged from 5.97 to 10.5 mg/100 g, and Vitamin C varied from 4.61 to 9.45 mg/100 g. Earliness and dwarf growth was observed in RCPD-1 (60 cm) and early flowering (41 days). RCPD-3 and RCPD-12 had high pod yield due to their high number of pods and pod weight. Pod yield was significantly correlated with number of pod per plant (NPP) (rg = 0.995) and with average pod weight (APW) (rg = 0.882). A significant positive correlation was also found between protein and Zn content (rg = 0.769). Path coefficient analysis revealed that average pod weight had the most direct positive effect on pod yield, followed by NPP and protein content. The reaction of lablab bean genotypes to collar rot disease was also evaluated and significant differences in disease intensity were observed among the genotypes, with the resistant check RCPD-15 exhibiting the lowest disease intensity. The study highlights the substantial heterogeneity in lablab bean traits, particularly in nutritional components such as vitamin A, iron, and vitamin C concentrations. Early flowering and dwarf growth habit are desirable qualities for lablab bean, and certain genotypes were found to exhibit these traits. Positive correlations, both phenotypic and genotypic, existed among different traits, suggesting the potential for simultaneous improvement. Path coefficient and PCA revealed genotypes with high yield and nutritional traits. Finally, resistant and moderately resistant lablab bean genotypes to collar rot disease were identified. These findings contribute to the selection and breeding strategies for improving lablab bean production and nutritional value.

Evaluation of soybean genotypes against collar rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

Collar rot caused by S. rolfsii is one of the economical diseases of soybean that can cause up to 30-40% yield loss in India. A total of 18 soybean genotypes were screened artificially during 2021 at ICAR-IISR, Indore, to study the virulence among the fungal isolates as well as to identify the resistance sources. Based on pathogenicity, Indore isolate (SRI) was found to be more virulent than Assam isolate (SRA). On the basis of percent emergence (PE) and the disease indices - root weight of inoculation (RWI) and ratio of root weight (RRW), genotypes JS 335, JS 20-34 and MACS 1620 were resistant against SRI whereas RSC 10-52 and JS 335 were found to be potential donors for resistance against SRA.