Collagen In Lamina Propria Research Articles

Histopathological and biomechanical changes in soft palate in response to non-ablative 9.3-μm CO2 laser irradiation: an in vivo study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate in vivo the biomechanical and morphological changes in soft palates of Wistar rats from non-ablative irradiation with a 9.3-μm CO2 laser. A blinded, randomized, controlled study was designed with 45 Wistar rats categorized into treated and control sets. The treated set was exposed to 9.3-μm CO2 laser irradiation at an average power of 1.0W and a single pulse fluence of 0.16J/cm2 scanned using an automated system at a repetition rate of 315Hz in a patterned area covering 0.4cm2 in 6s. The tissue of each animal was excised and divided into two halves. One-half was sectioned for histopathology, and the other half was used to measure tissue stiffness, which was reported as the effective Young's modulus. Measurements for both sets were taken at three time points: days 1, 21, and 35. There were no significant adverse events or changes in the behavior of the rats over the duration of the study. The treated set exhibited an order of magnitude increase in stiffness relative to the controls, which was maintained over the three time points. Histopathology showed a moderate contraction/disruption of the lamina propria collagen observed at day 1 and collagen accumulation observed at days 21 and 35 in the tissue remodeling phase. Non-ablative 9.3-μm CO2 laser irradiation can safely increase oral mucosal stiffness and can be used as an effective treatment to reduce tissue vibrations that are associated with snoring.

Second-harmonic imaging microscopy for identifying colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia.

In this study, second-harmonic imaging microscopy was used to monitor precancerous colorectal lesions at different stages. It was found that the morphology of glands and lamina propria in mucosa changes with the progression of colorectal diseases from normal to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia to high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and this microscopy has the ability of direct visualization of these warning symptoms. Furthermore, two morphologic variables were quantified to determine the changes of glands and collagen in lamina propria during the development of colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia. These results suggest that second-harmonic imaging microscopy has the potential in label-freely and effectively distinguishing between normal and precancerous colorectal tissues, and will be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases.

MP31-14 IMBALANCE BETWEEN MATRIX ETALLOPROTEINASE-1 (MMP-1) AND TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE-1 (TIMP-1) CONTRIBUTES TO INCREASED FIBROSIS OF BLADDER IN LONG-TERM DIABETIC RATS

You have accessJournal of UrologyUrodynamics/Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction/Female Pelvic Medicine: Non-neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction I1 Apr 2017MP31-14 IMBALANCE BETWEEN MATRIX ETALLOPROTEINASE-1 (MMP-1) AND TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE-1 (TIMP-1) CONTRIBUTES TO INCREASED FIBROSIS OF BLADDER IN LONG-TERM DIABETIC RATS Rania Elrashidy, Zhenqun Xu, Firouz Daneshgari, and Guiming Liu Rania ElrashidyRania Elrashidy More articles by this author , Zhenqun XuZhenqun Xu More articles by this author , Firouz DaneshgariFirouz Daneshgari More articles by this author , and Guiming LiuGuiming Liu More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.968AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Diabetes induces time-dependent structural and functional alterations in the urinary bladder. We have reported the actual collagen component did not change significantly in bladder of rats in the early stage of diabetes (>9 weeks after diabetes induction), but decreased as a percentage of the total tissue. This change may be related to the increased bladder compliance in rats with diabetes. However, no data is available in the long-term effects of diabetes on bladder structure. This study aimed to characterize bladder morphology in long-term diabetic rats, and to determine the potential mechanisms. METHODS Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in 8 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats, while age-matched control rats received vehicle (citrate buffer) only. Forty-four weeks after diabetes induction, bladders were harvested for morphological and molecular biological analysis. The bladder was sectioned at the equatorial midline. Masson′s Trichrome staining was performed. The stained slides were scanned, and the images were analyzed with Image-Pro Plus 5.1 image analysis software. The expression of collagen I, elastin, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in bladder was examined by immunoblotting. For comparison between control and diabetic group, two-tailed t-test was used. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Masson′s Trichrome staining and morphometrical analysis revealed increased deposition of collagen in lamina propria and among detrusor muscle fibers in diabetic rats, compared with controls. The results from the immunoblotting demonstrated significantly higher collagen I but lower elastin expression in diabetic bladders compared with that in controls. Diabetic rats displayed a marked increase in the protein expression of TGF-β1. This was associated with imbalance of the extracellular matrix turnover markers in diabetic bladders, evidenced by downregulation of MMP-1, along with upregulation of TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that long-term diabetes can induce increased fibrosis in bladder in rats, likely due to the upregulation of TGF-β1 and dysregulation of MMP-1/TIMP-1 system. These changes may contribute to the bladder dysfunction in the late stage of diabetes. © 2017FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 197Issue 4SApril 2017Page: e404 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2017MetricsAuthor Information Rania Elrashidy More articles by this author Zhenqun Xu More articles by this author Firouz Daneshgari More articles by this author Guiming Liu More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Morphological properties of collagen fibers in porcine lamina propria.

Collagen influences the biomechanical properties of vocal folds. Altered collagen morphology has been implicated in dysphonia associated with aging and scarring. Documenting the morphological properties of native collagen in healthy vocal folds is essential to understand the structural and functional alterations to collagen with aging and disease. Our primary objective was to quantify the morphological properties of collagen in the vocal fold lamina propria. Our secondary exploratory objective was to investigate the effects of pepsin exposure on the morphological properties of collagen in the lamina propria. Experimental, in vitro study with porcine model. Lamina propria was dissected from 26 vocal folds and imaged with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Morphological data on d-periodicity, diameter, and roughness of collagen fibers were obtained. To investigate the effects of pepsin exposure on collagen morphology, vocal fold surface was exposed to pepsin or sham challenge before lamina propria dissection and AFM imaging. The d-periodicity, diameter, and roughness values for native vocal fold collagen are consistent with literature reports of collagen fibers in other body tissues. Pepsin exposure on vocal fold surface did not appear to change the morphological properties of collagen fibers in the lamina propria. Quantitative data on collagen morphology were obtained at nanoscale resolution. Documenting collagen morphology in healthy vocal folds is critical for understanding the physiological changes to collagen with aging and scarring and for designing biomaterials that match the native topography of lamina propria.

891 Eosinophilic Ileitis and Tissue Remodeling in the SAMP1/SkuSlc Mouse Strain

BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that esophageal subepithelial fibrosis occurs in 57% of children with eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) regardless of presenting symptoms. Among the children studied, all those with dysphagia and food impactions had esophageal fibrosis. In this study, our aims were to assess whether fibrosis can be quickly reversed with various therapies for EE, and which therapies are more likely to succeed in its reversal. METHODS: Records on all children with EE diagnosed and followed by a single pediatric gastroenterologist (MC) since 2005 were retrieved. EE was diagnosed based on gastroesophageal symptoms refractory to antacid therapy and presence of >15 intraepithelial eosinophils in a maximum high power field (HPF) on esophageal biopsies. Study inclusion criteria were presence of esophageal lamina propria (LP) fibrosis in an esophageal biopsy (proximal and/or distal biopsy) and subsequent esophageal biopsies containing LP following shortterm therapy with either swallowed fluticasone or dietary restriction. Hematoxylin and eosinstained biopsies were retrieved for eosinophil counts, and additional sections were stained with trichrome for evaluation of fibrosis. Fibrosis was defined as densely compacted LP collagen fibers found at any site. Pathologists were blinded for the type of therapy received. Records were reviewed for clinical symptoms. Successful response to therapy for EE was defined as symptom resolution and drop in esophageal eosinophils to <15/HPF. RESULTS: 15 children who received 19 therapies (total 34 endoscopies) were included. Main presenting symptoms included abdominal pain (2), vomiting (5), reflux (3), and dysphagia (5). Mean peak esophageal eosinophil count at diagnosis was 78/HPF. Follow-up with swallowed fluticasone (n=9) and dietary restriction therapies (4 amino acid formula, 6 empiric food elimination) was obtained. All follow-up biopsies were performed 2-3.5 months following therapy initiation. The mean of esophageal LP pieces evaluated per endoscopy was 3.6. Successful response to swallowed fluticasone was 100% (9/9) and to dietary therapy was 50% (5/10: 4/4 amino acid formula, 1/6 empiric food elimination). LP fibrosis resolved in 5/9 successful therapies with swallowed fluticasone regardless of presenting symptoms, and in 1/5 successful dietary therapies. Fibrosis was persistent in all 5 instances of therapy failures. CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal LP fibrosis is persistent with persistent EE. Fibrosis can be reversed with successful therapy for EE in children. Swallowed fluticasone seems to be more effective than limited dietary therapy in reversing fibrosis when short-term effect of therapy is examined.

Lamina Propria Cellularity and Collagen Composition: An Integrated Assessment of Structure in Humans

In this study, we quantitatively examined cell density, collagen types I and III, and regional variations in collagen fiber thickness and orientation in the human midmembranous vocal fold lamina propria (LP). Lamina propria samples were solubilized with proteinase K or with cyanogen bromide. Cell density was assessed in proteinase K digests by measuring DNA and normalizing it to tissue total protein. Collagen types I and III were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based detection of collagen type-specific peptides generated by cyanogen bromide digestion. In addition, LP total collagen was determined by measuring sample hydroxyproline levels. Variations in collagen fiber thickness and orientation with LP region were evaluated by examining picrosirius red-stained LP sections with circularly polarized light. The mean (+/-SEM) cell density in the LP and associated epithelium was approximately 0.57 +/- 0.09 million cells per milligram of tissue total protein. Collagen type III composed an average of 34% to 40% of LP total collagen. Quantitative histology indicated that the superficial LP contained an average of 70% thin, 26% intermediate, and 4% thick collagen fibers. This is in contrast to the intermediate and deep LPs, each of which contained less than 25% thin and more than 50% thick collagen fibers. The angular deviations in collagen fiber orientation were relatively large and were similar in magnitude across all LP layers. The total cell density of the LP and associated epithelium was intermediate between that of hyaline cartilage and dermis. The ratio of collagen type III to total collagen in the LP was similar to that of highly elastic lung parenchyma and roughly twice that of the comparatively less-elastic dermis. The average thickness of collagen fibers increased markedly with increasing LP depth, and the relatively large angular deviations in fiber orientation appeared to correspond in part to the crimped nature of LP collagen fibers.

Captopril reduces deposition of collagen in lamina propria and muscular layers of the bladder and ureter in neonatal dogs with partial urethral obstruction

It has been recognized that most boys with posterior urethral valve ablation have varying degrees of ureteral dilation and abnormal bladder function. It has been shown that deposition of collagen in the bladder layers increases the intravesical pressure that is transmitted to the pelvicalyceal system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, using stereological methods, the effect of captopril on prevention of collagen formation in different layers of the ureter and bladder under conditions of partial urethral obstruction (PUO). PUO was induced in 10 neonatal dogs. These animals were then divided into two equal groups: the experimental group received captopril (35 mg/kg/day) and the positive control group received no treatment. After 6 weeks, the neonatal dogs underwent left nephroureterectomy and cystectomy. The ureter and bladder volumes, the volume fraction and absolute volume of the histological parameters of the ureter and bladder, the collagen content of the lamina propria, muscular and adventitial layers, and the muscle content of the muscular layer were estimated using stereological methods. The ureter and bladder volumes, the volumes of the layers including mucosa, lamina propria and muscular layer adventitia, the muscle content of the muscular layer and the collagen content of the adventitial layer did not show any significant differences between the groups. The collagen content (absolute volume) of lamina propria and muscular layer in the experimental group was lower than that in the positive control group for both the ureter and bladder. Administration of captopril decreases the collagen content of the lamina propria and muscular layer in the ureter and bladder of neonatal dogs with PUO.