Coliform Parameters Research Articles

Analysis of Clean Water Quality and Distribution in the Salate Area (RT 13/RW 03) of Passo Village, Baguala District, Ambon City

This study aims to analyze the quality of clean water and the distribution of clean water in the Shooting Range Complex (SalatE) RT 13 RW 03 Negeri Passo, Baguala District, Ambon City. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a data collection period from August 21 to September 21, 2023. The method of taking physical samples was carried out on three water units representing water sources in the complex: distribution pipes from springs dug wells, and borehole water. Meanwhile, social aspect samples were taken from community members who own dug wells, bore wells, and those who use village government-owned water. In this study, samples were selected representatively from the population, namely 23 households (KK) out of 175 KK in the complex. The samples comprised 2 KK owners of dug wells, 8 KK owners of bore wells, and 12 KK users of village government-owned water. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, documents, and questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted based on the results of Laboratory Analysis. The results showed that the availability of clean water has yet to meet the needs optimally, both in terms of quality and quantity. In terms of quality, there is an indication that spring water in Desa Passo approaches the maximum requirements for clean water according to health regulations, especially in the Total Coliform parameter. It indicates the need for more attention to monitoring and managing water quality and improving infrastructure to ensure a safe and adequate supply of clean water for the people of Desa Passo.

EVALUATION OF ENHANCED SOLAR DESALINATION SYSTEM PROTOTYPE

Solar desalination technology has been one of the effective solutions to tackle the problem of water scarcity. A number of studies have been conducted at our water research group to determine which variable influences the quantity of distilled water produced by an independent solar desalination unit. Aims: This study was aimed to design and optimize a novel solar desalination unit and field-tested using the best variable from the previous studies. Methodology and results: Variables used from the previous studies were evaluated to obtain the best values for each parameter, those are: glass cover inclination, gap distance between water and glass cover, insulation thickness, water depth, and water mass flow rate. Those best values were then implemented in the optimized basin design, delivery mechanisms, evaporation techniques, and heat isolation methods. The optimized design can generate up to 2,778.2 mL/m2/8hrs of distilled water with an efficiency of 23.35% in preliminary test, and was field tested at Batukaras Beach, where it produced up to 902 mL/m2/8hrs with an efficiency of 13.56%. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Meteorological parameters and environmental conditions are important factors that greatly affect the performance and productivity of the desalination unit. The relative humidity is inversely proportional to the volume of distillate water, where the smaller the value, the greater the amount of distillate water that can be produced, and it has significant impact on the productivity of the prototype. The quality of the distillate water produced still needs improvement on the parameters of pH, turbidity, and total coliform.

Assessment of water quality in agricultural systems in Candipuro, Lumajang Regency, East Java, Indonesia

The current challenges of industrial agriculture focus on environmental safety. Water quality is an indicator of environmental sustainability. The cultivation system has an impact on water quality. The aim of this study is to assess the water quality of agricultural systems. Anthropogenically, agricultural activities have an impact on environmental aspects. Identification of agricultural systems is clustered into organic and non-organic agriculture. The agricultural system in Indonesia is regulated based on SNI 6729;2016. Water sampling was carried out at three points, including upstream, middle (irrigation), and downstream (river). Water sampling at each point was repeated three times. Assessment of the physical quality of water using the Combo Quality Meter. Water samples for chemical and biological analysis at the Environmental Laboratory, Perum. Jasa Tirta 1. Determination of water quality standards refers to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. In the upstream section, pollution can be seen in the biological oxygen demand (BOD) indicator, with an average of 15.03 mg L-1 for organic and conventional systems. The phosphate indicator averaged 1.96 mg L-1. In the middle section (irrigation), the pollution indicators for BOD, phosphate, and total Coliform parameters were 6.76 mg L-1 for the organic system, 7.37 mg L-1 for the non-organic system, and 1,290 CFU mL-1. In the downstream (river), pollution indicators consist of total suspended solids (TSS), BOD, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total Coliform. Anthropogenic identification for clustering agricultural systems at the research location uses stratified disproportional sampling. The results of this research provide recommendations for water quality management for sustainable agricultural environmental management.

Application of ANN for coastal water quality prediction: Quang Binh case study

The coastal areas of Quang Binh province play a crucial role not only in the economic and tourism development of the coastal province but also in the overall development of the Northern Central region. Therefore, monitoring and forecasting seawater quality in this region is vital. However, the water quality condition assessment faces many limitations due to the lack of measured data and the complication of numerical models. Meanwhile, the artificial intelligence model for simulating and predicting water quality has been widely applied due to its timely and reliable calculating abilities. This research has piloted the prediction of some water pollution parameters on the coast of Quang Binh province using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. This presents a novel approach to identifying implicit relationships between variables based on data analysis techniques via ANN. An ANN model was built to analyze the measured environmental time series data at Dong Hoi station, Quang Binh province, from 2002 to 2022. The calculation results of the training (70% of the data set, NSE: 0.81) and testing (the rest 30% of the data set, NSE: 0.5) of the model have satisfied the total coliform parameter, indicating the promise of applying the ANN model for water quality prediction.

Water Quality Measurements with TSS, TDS, Total Phosphate, Nitrate, Total Coliform Parameters in the Garang Water Shed

Massive industrial and urban development can cause changes in the quality of river water, one of which is the Garang Watershed, located in Central Java Province. This river is situated in Kendal Regency (upper and middle) and Semarang City (middle and lower). This research examined the Garang River's water quality conditions, divided into four sub-basins: Garang Hilir, Garang Hulu, Kreo and Kripik. The parameter assessed in this research is TSS, TDS, Total Phosphate, Nitrate, and Total Coliform Parameters with a total of ten sampling location points were determined based on several criteria using GPS and the SNI 6989.57:2008 sampling method. TSS and TDS concentrations in March-April were observed to be high, especially at sampling point 10. In contrast, total phosphate concentrations were elevated at sampling points 2, 3, and 9; Nitrate values were observed to be high at sampling point 3 in March and sampling point 5 in April; Total coliforms were high at sampling points 1, 3, and 4, all of these is possibly due to domestic waste and the use of fertilizer by agricultural activities. This sampling quality assessment shows a close relationship between human activities and agricultural activities in river water quality, especially in the Garang River.

Study on the Quality of Mako-mako River Water as Clean and Raw Water Source in Yembekiri Village

This study aims to determine the water quality of the Mako-mako river based on physical, chemical and microorganism parameters as well as the effect of metal and microorganism levels on the color of the water and sediment of the Mako-mako river. The method of sampling water, sediment and plankton by purposive sampling at three locations, namely the upstream, middle and downstream of the river. The concentrations of Fe and Mn in water and sediment were analyzed using AAS, while the identification of plankton using a binocular microscope. The results of the analysis of the water quality of the Mako-mako river show that the parameters of temperature, TDS, TSS and Mn are still below the water quality standard for class 1, except for the Fe and total coliform parameters whose concentrations have exceeded the water quality standard. The metal content of Fe in sediment is high and affects the color of the Mako-mako river sediment which is reddish brown to dark brown (deep). The presence of plankton with a low level of abundance and diversity index did not affect the color of the river water or the sediment of the Mako-mako riverSo that to use the Mako-mako river water as a source of raw water, clean water needs to go through a processing process.

Kajian Status Mutu Air Sungai Akibat Buangan Air Lindi TPA Piyungan di Kabupaten Bantul

This research was conducted along a tributary that empties into the Opak River in Piyungan District. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of leachate from the Piyungan landfill, river water quality, and the status of river water quality due to the discharge of leachate from the Piyungan landfill. The research method used is a survey method with sampling and field observations. Purposive sampling is used to take river sample points. There are five sample points taken with 15 test parameters used to analyze river water quality, including COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Chromium, Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), pH, temperature, turbidity, color, and total coliform. River water quality status is obtained by calculating the Pollution Index (IP) of class II quality standard, Governor of DIY Regulation Number 20 of 2008, without the total coliform parameter. Based on the analysis results, the characteristics of the leachate water of the Piyungan TPA have concentrations of BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, and Iron (Fe), which exceed the quality standards of Yogyakarta Special Region Regulation Number 7 of 2016. River water quality shows that parameters BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), turbidity, color, and total coliform exceed class II water quality standards regulation of the Governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Number 20 of 2008. The highest pollution load in rivers is Total Coliform, BOD, and COD. The status of river water quality from all sample point locations has the status of heavily polluted water (Point S1), moderately polluted (Point S2, S3, S4), and lightly polluted (Point S5). Thus, river water quality around the Piyungan landfill has decreased due to the discharge of leachate from the Piyungan landfill and community activities around the river.

Biological quality of drilled well water around the shrimp paste production place in Jor Village, East Lombok District

This study aimed to determine the quality of dug well water around the shrimp paste production site in Jor Hamlet, Jor Village, Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency. The type of research used is an experiment with two parameters based on Minister of Health Regulation Number 32 of 2017, namely Biological Parameters, including Coliform and Escherichia coli. The sampling points in this study consisted of three water sampling points from residents' dug wells with two repetitions of sampling in Jor Hamlet, Jor Village, East Lombok Regency, and with consideration of sampling points based on the distance of the dug well to the location of making shrimp paste in below 10 meters and the shrimp paste production site does not have a good wastewater disposal system. Water quality around the shrimp paste production site in Jor Hamlet, Jor Village, Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency, several parameters do not meet the requirements based on Minister of Health Regulation Number 32 of 2017 concerning Environmental Health Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Sanitation Hygiene, Swimming Pools, Solus Per Aqua, and Public Baths, namely Coliform Parameters, samples at sampling points A and B exceed the Quality Standard, namely 230 in both repetitions, while the Maximum Quality Standard is 50 MPN/100 ml. The Escherichia coli Parameters for all samples at all sampling points meet the Quality Standards, namely 0 MPN/100 ml samples, or there may not be Escherichia coli in clean water intended for Sanitary Hygiene. The highest research results for Coliform and Escherichia coli parameters were high at several points due to the distance between the well and the shrimp paste production site, which was very close, and the shrimp paste production site did not yet have a good wastewater disposal system.

The effect of kebon kongok waste disposal sites on ground water quality in Suka Makmur Village, West Lombok District

The Kebon Kongok waste disposal sites (WDS), Suka Makmur Village, is the final waste disposal site for Mataram City and West Lombok because Mataram City does not have a WDS. The condition of the WDS has exceeded its capacity. Suka Makmur Village is a village close to the Kebon Kongok WDS. This research was conducted in Suka Makmur Village to know groundwater quality with Smell, Taste, TDS, pH, BOD, COD, Ammonia (NH3N), and Total Coliform. The method used to determine the quality of groundwater is by using the Pollution Index Method. In determining the sampling technique, the purposive sampling technique is used, a determination technique with certain considerations. The results showed that the results of the analysis of raw water samples with the parameters Odor, Taste, Total Dissolved Solid, pH, BOD, COD, Ammonia (NH3N), and Total Coliform. The results obtained from the three sample points that exceeded the Water Quality Standard threshold were only the Total Coliform parameter, sample 1 was 230 mg/l, sample 2 was 91 mg/l, and sample 3 was 230 mg/l based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 2017 concerning Environmental Health Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Sanitation Hygiene, Swimming Pools, Solus Per Aqua, and Public Baths. Based on the results of data analysis using the Pollution Index Method (IP), sample one was 3.14, sample two was 1.68, and sample three was 3.13. These results indicate that the condition of the water is included in the Light Polluted category based on the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment Number 115 of 2003 concerning Water Quality Status, the Pollution Index value with an IP score of 1.1 - 5.0 is intended for class I water.

MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF FECAL CONTAMINATION IN THE RIVER WATERS OF THE VOGHJI RIVER CATCHMENT BASIN

Quantitative parameters of total and fecal coliform, as well as Escherichia coli bacteria in the river waters of the Voghji River catchment basin were investigated to characterize fecal contamination in the investigated watershed basin. Water samples for microbial analyses were collected from the Voghji River and its Geghi, Norashenik and Vachagan tributaries in 2016, 2017 and 2020. The results of the study revealed the distribution, potential sources and environmental risks of fecal contamination in the Voghji River catchment basin.

Analisis Kualitas Air Baku dan Kualitas Air Hasil Produksi pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) Unit Mukok PDAM Tirta Pancur Aji Kota Sanggau

The PDAM Tirta Pancur Aji Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Unit Mukok has a capacity of 10 liters/second which serves of the need clean water in the Mukok District. The water produced by the WTP Unit Mukok visually looks cloudy with impurities floating on the surface of the water. The purpose of this research is to whether the raw water rate for the parameters pH, temperature, turbidity, color and total amount of coliform complied with PP No. quality standards. 49/2010 as drinking water. The research method used is sampling and water quality testing. The results showed on the current conditions of the Mukok IPA unit, as a raw water source the Kapuas River has a quality of pH 8, temperature 28 °C, turbidity 34.9 NTU, color 224 PtCo. and a total of 25 MPN. The quality of the produced water is pH 7,3, temperature is 28° C, turbidity is 23.52 NTU, color is 4.19 PtCo, and total coliform is 10 MPN. The analysis showed that the raw water fraction does not correspond to class I in terms of turbidity and color parameters water standards PP No. 22 of 2021, the analytical results of the rate of the produced water show the turbidity and coliform parameters do not correspond to the standard of Permenkes No. 492 of 2010.

Analisis Kualitas Air Sungai Lasolo di Kecamatan Kendari Barat Kota Kendari

This study aims to analyze the quality of the Lasolo river water, compare it with the quality standard for class I PP Number 22 of 2021, and determine the Status of Water Quality using the Pollution Index (IP) method according to the Minister of Environment Decree Number 115 of 2003. Water quality measurements were carried out at 4 points while the parameters measured were pH, TSS, and Fecal Coliform. Based on the data, it was found that the water pH parameter fluctuated between 7.0 to 7.8 obtained at points ST1 to ST4 under normal conditions, which explained that Lasolo River water met the established quality standards. An increase in the TSS parameter is shown at each point with an average of 70-74 mg/L range, which explains that the TSS value exceeds the maximum water quality standard limit of 40 mg/L. In contrast, the Fecal Coliform parameter at each sampling point has a measurement value of 0 MPN/100 mL, which means it is below the standard quality limit of 100 MPN/100 mL. The water quality status of the Lasolo River was determined using the Pollution Index (IP) method and found that all sampling points were in "lightly polluted" conditions with a range of pollution values between 1.0 < Plj ≤ 5.0 according to Ministerial Decree No. LH. 115 of 2003.

Water quality assessment using water quality index: a case of the Dong Nai river- sections flow through Bien Hoa city

Over the past few years, there are many activities had negative impacts on the surface water of the Dong Nai river such as industry, agriculture, and service development activities; Therefore, river water quality is significantly relieved. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of elements on the water quality in Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province. Analyze the parameters of pH, temperature, DO, BOD5, COD, N-NH4+, P-PO43-, TSS, turbidity, and total Coliform on 54 samples from Jan to Dec in 2022. The water quality index (WQI) and statistical analysis were applied to explore and determine the water quality in Bien Hoa City. The results of the study indicated that the water quality of Dong Nai river is not quite good, most parameters reach the limit value B1 according to QCVN 08:2015/BTNMT; however, the values of parameters DO, total coliforms, TSS exceed the limit value B1 significantly. WQI values fluctuate at a fairly high level from 17 to 68, and the average WQI of the river reaches is quite low, so the authority should have promulgated the law to protect the water surface of this river; Therefore, water quality assessment is significant for better control and management of the surface water environment in Vietnam.

Drinking Water Quality of Water Refill Station in Gebang Raya Tanggerang

Introduction: As a drinking water provider, refill drinking water station must comply with hygiene and sanitation standards for water quality, including the microbiological value standard for clean water. This study was conducted to determine the microbial levels in refill drinking water station and analyze the drinking water quality based on sanitation hygiene observations. Methods: The study included laboratory test methods, cross-sectional analysis tests, and a descriptive analysis. Drinking water sampling and sanitation observations were performed using the total sampling technique on 17 water station. As much as 100 ml of drinking water samples were taken directly from the faucet to refill water with a sterile bottle container. Sanitary hygiene was studied through interviews using an observation sheet. Results and Discussion: The most bacteria were found at 108 per 100ml in Escherichia coli parameters and 866 per 100ml in coliform parameters in the station water samples with the Station 8 (SK) code. The interviews showed that seven station did not meet the criteria for good sanitation hygiene. Conclusion: Sanitary hygiene is carried out to reduce or eliminate bacterial contamination in drinking water. Observations and laboratory tests show that good sanitation is related to drinking water quality.

Analysis of River Water Quality Based on Pollution Index Water Quality Status, Lombok District, NTB

Leneng River is one of the rivers in Praya City, Central Lombok Regency, which receives domestic, agricultural, and household industrial waste. Various community activities along the banks of the Leneng River have affected river water quality. Some communities on the banks of the Leneng River, from upstream to downstream, still use river water for their daily needs. This study aims to 1) analyze the water quality of the Leneng River in terms of environmental parameters (Physical, chemical, and biological) and 2) Determine the level of pollution of the Leneng River water using the Pollution Index (IP) method. River water quality measurements were carried out at 3 (three) sample points. Parameters measured and observed were physical parameters, namely Total Solid Suspend (TSS); chemical parameters, namely pH, Total Phosphate (T.PO4), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and biological parameters namely Total coliform and Fecal Coliform. This type of research is survey research with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results showed that the TSS value at sample point 1 (upstream) exceeded the required quality standard; the highest TSS concentration value was 54 mg/L, and the lowest at sample point 2 (middle section) was 2.50 mg/L. Value parameter concentration pH 7.7-8.7, T.PO4 value 0.05 mg/L-0.29 mg/L, BOD value 0.17-0.42 mg/L, COD concentration value 8 mg/L -9mg/L, and DO value of 6.07 mg/L-7.57 mg/L, this shows that the concentration for chemical parameters still meets the class I water quality standards according to PP 22 of 2021, while the total coliform parameter value and Facel coliform have exceeded class I water quality standards. The total coliform concentration value is 10,000 - 20,000 MPN/100 mL, and the Fecal coliform value is 600 MPN/100 mL – 2,500 MPN/100 mL, while based on the Pollution Index (IP) quality status water in the upstream with a value of 2.84, the middle part of 1.97, and the downstream part of 2.84, this shows a decrease in water quality from upstream to downstream of the river, with a level of pollution in the lightly polluted category.

Spatial Analysis of Bacteriological and Chemical Quality of Refill Drinking Water in Palembang

Research by Trisnaini (2013) in Ogan Ilir Regency found that there were 13 depot refill drinking water which water samples were positive for Coliform. Data by the Environmental Health Engineering Center of Palembang on 136 depot found that not all depot were not suitable with the requirements of Ministry of Health Regulations RI Number492/2010. The impact is low drinking water quality that potentially cause diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of depot refill drinking water in the city of Palembang based on the parameters of Coliform, Escherecia Coli, and pH. This research used a quantitative design, with a survey method. The research was conducted in the city of Palembang. The research population was 136 depot refill drinking water in the city of Palembang. Sampling was using proportionate stratified random sampling. Based on the results of laboratory tests, it was found that from 36 depot refill drinking water there were 2 (5.8%) which showed positive results of water samples containing Coliform, 2 (5.8%) which were positive for Escherecia Coli, and most of (91%) water samples examined did not suitable the health requirements on the parameter of pH. It is concluded that most of the water samples from the depot refill drinking water studied had met the health requirements based on the parameters of Coliform and Escherecia Coli, but most did not suitable the health requirements for the pH parameter based on the Ministry of Health Regulations RI Number 492/2010.The need for increased supervision of refill drinking water depots

Study on Bacteriological Measurement of Clean Water in Raja Ampat

The availability of clean water is a right that must be obtained by all humans. Unfortunately, some water sources in Indonesia are polluted by total coliform and Escherichia coli and threaten health. This study aims to measure total coliform and Escherichia coli in the Weisai sub-district, Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua province as an effort to monitor environmental quality. This research is an observational study with a quantitative approach. Primary data in this study is the measurement of total coliform and Escherichia coli. The samples used were clean water in the borehole well of Bambang Sutejo village (T1); the dug well of Nyonya Fransina village (T2); and the dug well of Om Miter village (T3). Sample testing was conducted by the Environmental Health and Disease Control Technical Center (BTKLPP), Ambon City, and taken on November 28, 2022. The test results obtained, total coliform parameters of 1,600 MPN/100 mL and Escherichia coli 2.2 at T1. Meanwhile, the T3 concentration of total coliform and Escherichia coli exceeded 1,600 MPN/100 mL. T1 and T3 have values that exceed quality standards. This is due to livestock waste that does not have a wastewater disposal channel and the absence of communal domestic wastewater disposal channels

Assessment of Microbial Indicators of Water Resources in KooheHava and TangeKhoor Free Area

In the wildlife management, maintaining water quality and quantity, especially in areas that are faced with relative constraints of water resouces, are considered as one of the planning pillars. Natural springs and artificial troughs in the KooheHava and TangeKhoor Free Area are the only sources of water suppliers for wildlife of the area. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial indices of water resources used by wildlife in this areas and to compare them with the Iranian national standard limit. In this study, 12 water sources including ten springs and two troughs were selected and sampling was carried out in two seasons of summer and autumn of 2020 and three samples from each water resources and a total of 72 samples were collected throughout the study period and the parameters of total coliform, fecal coliform, temperature, turbidity and pH were measured. The data were analyzed by One sample t-test, Paired sample t-test, Independent sample t-test, analysis of variance and Spearman correlation matrix. The results showed that the means of total coliform were higher than the standard limit in all samples with the exception of no. 4 and 12 springs and the means of fecal coliform were higher than the standard limit in all samples with the exception of no. 2, 4, 8, 10, 11 and 12 water resources both during summer and autumn. In summer, with increasing evaporation, the amount of pollution load of water resources was higher than autumn. However in autumn, the number of polluted water resources was higher which was due to the transmission of microbial contaminations caused by human and animal feces via rain. The results of correlation showed a decrease or an increase in turbidity, temperature or pH did not affect the amount of coliforms because despite the strong correlation between total coliform and fecal coliform, no correlation was found between them and physicochemical factors of water. Therefore, considering the temporal and spatial variability of fecal coliforms and their effect on disease, death and reduction of wildlife populations, optimizing and disinfection of water resources with chlorine and dredging them are recommended.

Analysis of Residual Chlorine and Total Coliform on Consumers of Perumdam Maja Tirta, Mojokerto City

This study aims to determine the concentration of residual chlorine and net total Coliform distributed by Perumdam Maja Tirta Water Supply Company and received by consumers. Water samples were taken from 7 locations on the distribution network a residential area of Perumdam Maja Tirta, the first sample taken at the reservoir of the Water Treatment Plant of Perumdam Maja Tirta and six samples from consumers. The residual chlorine concentration data and Total Coliform were mapped using Surfer 16 Software, producing an iso concentration map in the form of contour lines. The results showed that the concentration of residual water chlorine received by consumers of Perumdam Maja Tirta Mojokerto City ranged from <LoQ 0.1 mg/L to 0.3 mg/L. The further away from the IPA, the concentration of residual water chlorine decreased. Total Coliform parameters ranged from <1.8 – 240/100 ml in water received by consumers of Perumdam Maja Tirta Mojokerto City. There is a need to improve the quality of water services to consumers regarding water treatment and distribution.

Assessment of Surface Water Quality in the Hau Giang Province Using Geographical Information System and Statistical Approaches

The study aims to assess the surface water quality in Hau Giang province in 2021 at 44 locations (with a frequency of 5 times per year) using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and GIS. Surface water quality is compared with the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1) and Water Quality Index (WQI). The results showed that the surface water quality parameters of total suspended solids, organic matters, nutrients, coliform, and Fe far exceeded the allowable limits while the parameter of Cl-, color, and CN- were within the allowable limits of QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1. The values of WQI showed that the water quality of Hau Giang province ranged from poor to excellent. The water quality at Vam Cai Dau and Hau River areas could only be exploited for water supply, but appropriate treatment is needed. CA divided the monitoring months into three distinct clusters and reduced the sampling sites from 44 to 33 locations, reducing 25% of monitoring cost per year. PCA revealed three main factors which could explain 69.0% of the variation in water quality. The water pollution sources were mainly industrial and agricultural discharges, domestic and urban activities, transportation activities, salinity, hydrological conditions and water runoff. The current findings provide useful information which support local environmental managers and water supply companies for safe and sustainable.