Cold Research Articles

Ethnomedicinal Plants of Betul District, Madhya Pradesh

The paper deals with ethnomedicinal information on 54 plant species (belonging to 33 families) collected from field survey amongst three tribes viz., Gond, Korku and Gaiki of Betul district, Madhya Pradesh. An analysis of data has indicated that eight plant species are employed as antidote to snake bite and scorpion sting, six to treat fever. five for rheumatism, four to treat cold, cough, skin diseases, as anthelmintic and tonic, and three for stomach diseases while two species to treat impotency, cuts, wounds and as diuretic. On the other hand, only single species has been referred for a number of other ailments like eye diseases, spermatorrhoea, spleen enlargement, tuberculosis, mouth sore, boil, asthma, liver disorder, toothache, bone fracture, abortifacient, antifertility, and in veterinary. Further, a comparison with the concerned literature has revealed that 23 ethnomedicinal uses of plants have not been reported earlier.

Результати лікування дискогенних поперекових радикулопатій методом радіочастотної холодноплазмової нуклеопластики

Актуальність. Біль у нижній частині спини з іррадіацією в нижні кінцівки продовжує залишатися серйозною медичною проблемою. Останнім часом мінімально інвазивні черезшкірні методи з використанням внутрішньодискового підходу в лікуванні болю у спині набувають все більшої популярності. Нуклеопластика — процедура, при якій для декомпресії диска використовується радіочастотний біполярний електрод, що генерує холодноплазмову енергію в процесі так званої коблації. Основні переваги цієї внутрішньодискової технології — відсутність грубого теплового ураження оброб-люваної поверхні та міні-інвазивність. Мета дослідження: оцінити ефективність лікування больового синдрому методом черезшкірної радіочастотної холодноплазмової нуклеопластики (коблації) у пацієнтів, які страждають від хронічних поперекових дискогенних радикулопатій. Матеріали та методи. У дослідження були включені 58 пацієнтів віком від 29 до 55 років (43,0 ± 4,6 року), які проходили лікування в 2017–2018 рр. у клініці «Нейромед» та відділенні спінальної хірургії ДУ «Інститут травматології та ортопедії НАМН України» (м. Київ). Результати. До лікування середній показник рівня болю за візуальною аналоговою шкалою (ВАШ) в обстежуваних становив 7,9 ± 0,8 бала, після процедури було відзначено позитивну динаміку в межах 3,44 ± 0,98 бала. Через місяць після маніпуляції хворі описували свої відчуття як легкий, часом помірний біль (ВАШ 1,83 ± 0,98 бала). При обстеженні через 6 місяців рівень болю у групі знаходився на відмітці 1,3 ± 1,5 бала. Негативний результат відзначений у 4 пацієнтів. Висновки. Радіочастотна холодноплазмова нуклеопластика (коблація) може бути рекомендована як ефективний метод лікування дискогенних поперекових радикулопатій.

Effects of Light and Temperature on Germination of Eggert's Sunflower (Helianthus eggertii)

Helianthus eggertii is a rare perennial sunflower of barrens and open habitats in Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and South Carolina in the United States (U.S.). Despite its delisting in the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 2005, little is known about the germination biology of H. eggertii other than seeds require cold stratification for optimal germination. Knowledge about the germination biology of rare species can aid in the management of natural populations and inform strategies for ex situ seed conservation and propagation. We examined how cold stratification, light, and temperature interact to affect seed germination in H. eggertii, and whether germination proportions varied among populations. At the time of maturity in October, seeds have primary physiological dormancy and require cold stratification or prolonged (> 8 wk) incubation in light at cool (15/6 C) temperatures to germinate. Seeds maintained a light requirement for germination when cold stratified in darkness, but not after cold stratification in light. However, seeds germinated to lower proportions after cold stratification in light relative to darkness, and when incubated at temperatures that mimic summer (35/20 C) compared to late spring (25/15 C). Germination varied widely among populations (23-58%), with plants from more open sites exhibiting lower germination proportions than those from partially shaded sites. Our results indicate seeds most likely germinate in early- to mid-spring, and light promotes germination of H. eggertii. Our results highlight the interactive role of light and temperature in determining seed dormancy break and germination in H. eggertii.

Changes in physico-chemical traits and enzymes oxidative system during cold storage of 'Formosa' papaya fresh cut fruits grown in the mediterranean area (Sicily)

In this study, the effects of cold storage (5±0.5°C and relative humidity of 90±1%) on the quality of fresh papaya slices packed in a passive atmosphere with a semi-permeable film were evaluated. Physico-chemical traits such as total soluble solids, reducing sugar, pH increased during storage as well as the polyphenols, carotenoid content and antioxidant activity that reaching the highest values at end of trials. Changes in colorimetric parameters resulted in a significant decrease after 4 days of hue angle values, which then remained constant. The cutting process enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activity such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. The analysis of the main components showed physical-chemical, qualitative, and enzymatic changes in papaya samples during cold storage, showing a shift from negative to positive values along the PC1 and indicating a qualitative decay of sliced papaya.

CLASSIFICAÇÃO CLIMÁTICA APLICADA AO ESTADO DE GOIÁS E AO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL: CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION APPLIED TO THE STATE OF GOIÁS AND THE FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL

Considered the basis for aid in environmental and economic planning, the climate classification defines the climate in several regions of the Planet. This article suggests a new approach to mapping climatic units for the State of Goias and the Federal District, analyzing the average temperature of the coldest month (TMMMF), the number of dry months, the influence of atmospheric systems and their implications on the amount of rain, and in the passages of cold fronts with the possibility of frost formation. This climate classification system has a hierarchy, and can be divided into Domains, Subdomains, Types, Subtypes and Meso / Topoclimates. To determine the climatic units, data were collected from 108 rainfall collection points of the National Water Agency (ANA) and 17 stations from the National Meteorological Institute (INMET). The CHELSA air temperature algorithm was used to cover areas with no weather stations. Two climatic domains were identified in the study area: Tropical and Mild Tropical; these were subdivided into climatic subdomains (with number of dry months), climatic types (location in the Brazilian territory) and climatic subtypes (more precise location within geomorphological aspects). The definition of climatic units in the state of Goias and the Federal District generates new contributions to regional studies in Detail Climatology. This new climate classification system is further improved, due to the large number of historical data available on the internet, and can be used in environmental diagnostics, teaching materials and agricultural analyzes.

Changes in Fruit Quality Attributes, Cell Wall Materials, and Related Hydrolases Activities in 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-treated ‘Honggeum’ Apples during Cold Storage

Changes in Fruit Quality Attributes, Cell Wall Materials, and Related Hydrolases Activities in 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-treated ‘Honggeum’ Apples during Cold Storage

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLD COMPRESSES AND STORY DISTRACTION TECHNIQUES TOWARDS INFUSED INSERTION PAIN

Installation of infusion is an action that is quite often done in the hospitalespecially at emergency room. The proceeding of infusion can cause pain that is felt by the client, so it requires non pharmacological therapy among them are cold compress therapy and storytelling distraction technique. The purpose of the research is to find out the effectiveness of cold compress and distractions storytelling about infusion insertion pain. The reseach design used is pre-experimental design with post test only design approach, sampling using purposive sampling technique with sample size of 25 respondents in the cold compress group and 25 respondents at distraction storytelling group. The instrument for collecting data uses an observation sheet. The results of this research indicate the average pain in the group of respondents who received cold compress treatment during infusion 1,20, whereas in the group that gets distraction tells the average value is 2,56. The statistical test results are used Mann Whitney’s test obtained value P (0,000) < ά (0,05) that is, there are significant differenees between cold compress pain storytelling to infusion insertion pain. Therefore it can be concluded that cold compress are more effective at reducing infusion insertion pain than storytelling distraction technique.

Oregon Spotted Frog (Rana pretiosa) Migration from an Aquatic Overwintering Site: Timing, Duration, and Potential Environmental Cues

Relatively few North American anurans overwinter in water and information is sparse on their movement from overwintering habitat to breeding sites. Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) breed explosively in early spring and often overwinter submerged at sites that are distanced from breeding habitats. In montane parts of their range, wintering and breeding habitats can remain frozen for months. We investigated timing, duration, and potential cues for R. pretiosa migrations from a wintering lake near the Cascade Mountains in central Oregon, U.S.A. First and median migrant males moved slightly earlier than females. Onset of migration was as early as February 12 (males) and as late as April 4 (females) in years of mild and extended winters, respectively. Frogs were active at water temperatures below those associated with early breeding activities in one lowland R. pretiosa population. Higher proportions of frogs migrated before ice-out in years of prolonged winter conditions. Migrations were temporally compressed in years of later movement. This migration ‘rush’, along with the ability to move at cold temperatures and to vary timing of migrations likely helps montane R. pretiosa deal with colder and more variable spring conditions than lowland populations.

Changes in U.S. Security and Defense Strategy toward China: Assessment and Policy Implications

This study analyzes American defense and security strategy towards China and assesses its policy impact on security on the Korean Peninsula and the Asia-Pacific region more generally. The rapid rise of the People’s Republic of China as a geopolitical power and its aggressive foreign policy has considerably heightened fears among U.S. policymakers that China poses a threat. The intensifying strategic rivalry and distrust between Washington and Beijing since the inauguration of President Donald J. Trump in 2017 is leading to worsened relations between the two countries. This trend is likely to continue in the foreseeable future, and it is also expected that the American grand strategy will view China as the new global adversary, drawing down the “War on Terror” in the process. China is indeed fast emerging as the target of sustained deterrence, and this shift in American strategic thinking will likely continue even after the 2020 U.S. Presidential elections. Intensifying Sino-American geopolitical competition is resulting in a new Cold War posture, reflecting in turn a lack of strategic dialogue. As a result, the risk of Sino-American military conflict in geopolitical hotspots around the world (including the Korean Peninsula) is rapidly increasing, and countries in the region are worried about being entangled in a Great Power conflict between the two countries. In the meantime, the United States is soliciting countries in the region to join an “anti-Beijing” grouping of sorts, seeking to integrate pre-existing alliances (e.g., the ROK-U.S. Alliance) into this new grouping. Beijing, for its part, is attempting to weaken those traditional alliances with Washington, through measures such as economic coercion. Seoul is bearing the brunt of such sustained pressure from Beijing and is being pressured by both countries to “pick” one side over the other. Practically speaking, rather than pick sides, Seoul ought to chart a middle course, proceeding with “strategic confidence” that draws on a clear delineation of national interest and backing of the South Korean public. In particular, it would behoove Seoul to provide opportunities for deliberation on Korean Peninsula security issues, enhancing the prospects for meaningful strategic dialogue between Washington and Beijing. Concurrently, Seoul would also benefit from vigilant monitoring of the changing balance of power between United States and China, utilizing insights drawn from keen monitoring to further enhance its defense capabilities. In so doing, it is expected that Seoul will enhance its strategic value and military deterrence capabilities. Concurrently, by way of proactive military-to-military diplomatic engagement with neighboring countries, cooperative deterrence capabilities also would have to be significantly enhanced.

Correspondence: early identification of COVID-19 positive outpatient children, is it useful?

The differential diagnosis between COVID-19 and the common cold, or allergic cough, or mild respiratory symptoms with or without fever is not easy for Primary Care Pediatricians (PCPs).According to the official Italian report “Rapporto ISS COVID-19 n. 58/2020” of August 21st, 2020, all children with COVID-19 common symptoms and/or a corporal temperature higher than 37.5°C, are considered as suspected cases and have to be tested with a nasopharyngeal swab. We have identified risk factors that could be useful in PCPs' clinical practice to define priorities in addressing children to the proper diagnostic procedure. For the physical and mental health of the children and their families and to allow the PCPs to fulfill their duty, it is important to look for less invasive tools to perform the proper diagnosis. This should also allow children to go to school and to go on with their daily life.

Desenvolvimento e caracterização microbiológica de ricota condimentada com orégano e alho

A ricota é um produto de origem italiana fabricada por meio de precipitação ácida para separação das proteínas do soro do leite. A ricota pode ser consumida ao natural, com ou sem sal, e saboreada com mel, açúcar ou frutas, ou ainda condimentada com alho, salsa, orégano e outros. Objetivou-se com este trabalho processar e avaliar ricota adicionada de diferentes concentrações alho e orégano e avaliar sua estabilidade microbiológica. Foram elaboradas quatro formulações: ricota tradicional (T1); ricota condimentada com orégano (T2); ricota condimentada com alho (T3) e ricota condimentada com alho e orégano (T4), as quais foram submetidas à análise microbiológica após 10 dias de armazenamento refrigerado (5±2 ºC). Os resultados das análises microbiológicas indicaram que todas as amostras se encontravam dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação vigente para queijos de alta umidade.

Transnational Solidarity Relations with Latin American Revolutionary Movements during the Cold War. Introduction

Los movimientos revolucionarios latinoamericanos que emergieron desde los años cincuenta crearon redes transnacionales de solidaridad para con su causa. El presente dossier expone investigaciones que pretenden avanzar en su conocimiento. A partir de un planteamiento común se propone el estudio desde amplios y variados parámetros: cultura, género, política, derechos humanos o sociedad civil global, entre otros. En resumen, se exponen los trabajos de doce investigadores que, teniendo como contexto global la guerra fría, intentan comprender las relaciones entre los movimientos revolucionarios y diferentes actores que se movilizaron en solidaridad. Además, para ampliar la perspectiva, el dossier también incluye una contribución fuera de cartel sobre las relaciones entre la solidaridad holandesa y portuguesa en apoyo de las independencias africanas.

电子束冷床熔炼 TC4 钛合金的热变形行为

电子束冷床熔炼 TC4 钛合金的热变形行为

10.4314/ai.v34i3.22418

10.4314/ai.v34i3.22418

Ceramic nanostructures of SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and ZnO via aqueous crystal growth: cold crystallization and morphology control

Ceramic nanostructures of SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and ZnO via aqueous crystal growth: cold crystallization and morphology control

Urban automobility in Cold War Berlin: a transnational perspective

Urban automobility in Cold War Berlin: a transnational perspective

Research on Prediction and Reduction Method of Manufacturing Cost of Automobile Steering Parts Based on Quantitative Prediction Technology of Cold Forging Mold Life

Research on Prediction and Reduction Method of Manufacturing Cost of Automobile Steering Parts Based on Quantitative Prediction Technology of Cold Forging Mold Life

Effect of Heat Treatment Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Asymmetrically Cold Rolled OFC Sheet

Effect of Heat Treatment Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Asymmetrically Cold Rolled OFC Sheet

Hot and cold

Hot and cold

Kwame Nkrumah and the Dawn of the Cold War

Kwame Nkrumah and the Dawn of the Cold War (The West African National Secretariat, 1945-48) by Marika Sherwood. London: Pluto Press, 2019. 208pp.