Thermoelectric generator systems are often exposed to unstable heat loads with high-amplitude temperature variations and there is a risk for overheating and system damage. One technique for stabilizing temperature fluctuations on thermoelectric module surfaces is utilization of phase change material. Nevertheless, the energy storage/release rate is slow due to its low thermal conductivity. This research deals with employing a foam-imbedded-phase change material on either side of the module to intensify the thermal conductivity and accelerate the heat dissipation. The thermal management strategy of the module was performed by embedding an energy storage unit on the hot side and zero-cooling energy system on the cold side. A system with external resistance over the module, integrated with phase change material containing copper foams on both sides, subjected to some heat loads, was investigated and compared with two other systems containing and lacking phase change material. A faster thermal diffusion occurred in hybrid arrangement of phase change material and foam, namely case 3, suggested a suitable alternative over the case containing only phase change material (case 2). Adding the foam enhances the heat flux through the phase change material by reducing the overall thermal resistance in the energy storage unit. Replacing the case 2 with new case 3 diminished the hot and cold side temperatures without decreasing the output voltage up to 8% and 7%, respectively. Case 3 produced energy for a longer time comparing case 2 before reaching the critical conditions. This study offers a practical solution for design of autonomous and self-sufficient systems with zero-cooling energy and higher safety under dynamic thermal sources.