Cold-rolled Steel Sheets Research Articles

Seismic in-plane behavior of composite masonry walls strengthened with cold rolled steel sheets

The seismic behavior of masonry walls strengthened by cold rolled steel sheets is numerically evaluated in this study using finite element modeling in ABAQUS. Cold-rolled steel sheets cover two sides of an unreinforced masonry wall and are bolted together to form a composite masonry wall. The behavior of the composite masonry walls is compared to that of the corresponding unreinforced masonry walls with various failure mechanisms. The finite element models of the unreinforced masonry walls are validated through experimental data in the literature. Then, cold-rolled steel sheet-strengthened walls are simulated, and variations in strength, ductility, and failure mode are investigated. A thorough sensitivity analysis is conducted on the effects of the aspect ratio, boundary condition, axial load ratio, steel sheet thickness, and connection bolt configuration on the in-plane strength and failure mode of the walls. It is observed that the steel sheets affect the local and global behavior of the masonry walls and change their failure modes. The use of through-thickness bolts to connect steel sheets to the masonry wall provides a composite action between steel sheets and the masonry wall against in-plane lateral loads. The cold-formed steel sheets not only resist a portion of the lateral load but also significantly increase the lateral strength of the masonry walls and the ductility of the whole wall system. Based on the analysis results it can be concluded that strengthening masonry walls with cold-rolled steel sheets is a promising technique for the seismic improvement of existing conventional masonry buildings and for the design of new masonry buildings.

Double-Sided Surface Structures with Undercuts on Cold-Rolled Steel Sheets for Interlocking in Hybrid Components

Double-Sided Surface Structures with Undercuts on Cold-Rolled Steel Sheets for Interlocking in Hybrid Components

INTEGRATING NEURAL NETWORKS INTO SHEET METAL FORMING: A REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS

In order to predict defects, improve performance, and streamline operations, machine learning techniques are becoming ever more indispensable in manufacturing processes, mainly in sheet metal forming. Incorporating neural networks into the process of sheet metal forming is the subject of this article's exhaustive examination of recent developments and applications. Exploring datasets from a variety of sheet metal forming processes, numerous machine learning models, including ensemble and single learning techniques are investigated. The functionality of this method extends to various tasks, including the prediction of springback in cold-rolled anisotropic steel sheets. The review provides a conclusion section that presents the main implementation methodologies and how they address to some manufacturing issues.

Characterisation of Fe Distribution in the Liquid-Solid Boundary of Al-Zn-Mg-Si Alloy Using Synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy.

Al-Zn-Mg-Si alloy coatings have been developed to inhibit the corrosion of cold-rolled steel sheets by offering galvanic and barrier protection to the substrate steel. It is known that Fe deposited from the steel strip modifies the microstructure of the alloy. We cast samples of Al-Zn-Mg-Si coating alloys containing 0.4 wt% Fe and directionally solidified them using a Bridgman furnace to quantify the effect of this Fe addition between 600 °C and 240 °C. By applying a temperature gradient, growth is encouraged, and by then quenching the sample in coolant, the microstructure may be frozen. These samples were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to determine the morphological effects of the Fe distribution across the experimental temperature range. However, due to the sub 1 wt% concentration of Fe, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) was applied to quantitatively confirm the Fe distribution. Directionally solidified samples were scanned at 7.05 keV and 18.5 keV using X-ray fluorescence at the Australian Synchrotron using the Maia array detector. It was found that a mass nucleation event of the Fe-based τ6 phase occurred at 495 °C following the nucleation of the primary α-Al phase as a result of a peritectic reaction with remaining liquid.

Effect of strain path and short-term post-annealing on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical anisotropy of low-carbon steel

In this research, the effect of strain path and short-term post-annealing on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical anisotropy of low-carbon steel was investigated. Asymmetric unidirectional rolling (AUR) and asymmetric cross rolling (ACR) were applied on Fe-0.072C steel. The ACR-processed sheet revealed a very limited number of new grains compared to the AUR-processed sheet, which was due to the dynamic recovery induced by strain path change. The average ferrite grain size of the post-annealed AUR- and ACR-processed samples was 11.5 and 14.1 μm, respectively. The dominant recrystallization in the annealed AUR-processed sheet was discontinuous static recrystallization, while that in the annealed ACR-processed sheet was continuous static recrystallization. The weak typical rolling textures (γ-fiber and α-fiber) at the midthickness of both rolled sheets demonstrated that the shear deformation effectively contributed to the formation of the shear textures during asymmetric cold rolling. The ACR decreased the intensity of the overall texture more than the AUR process due to the changes in the reference frame of deformation after each pass, which destabilized ideal texture components. The results showed that Goss and {111}〈112〉 components were continuous and discontinuous static recrystallization textures in the asymmetrically cold-rolled low-carbon steel sheet during the annealing treatment, respectively. The annealed AUR-processed sheet revealed a weaker texture as compared to the annealed ACR-processed sheet. The significant changes in the preferred orientations of the annealed AUR-processed sample led to weaker texture intensity compared to the annealed ACR-processed sheet. The hardness of the annealed AUR-processed sheet (183.8 HV) was higher than that of the annealed ACR-processed steel (156.9 HV), which was owing to the larger grain size and also the elimination of the γ-fiber texture in the annealed ACR-processed sheet. The strength along the rolling direction was lower than that along the transverse direction in the AUR-processed sheet. However, in the ACR-processed sheet, the values of strength were similar along three different tensile directions. As an important conclusion, if both high-strength and low-anisotropy are needed in the low-carbon steel sheets, it's better to apply ACR rather than AUR. In addition, if both high toughness and low anisotropy are essential, it's better to use AUR followed by post-annealing rather than ACR + post-annealing. The length of the intermediate stage of work hardening in the annealed ACR-processed sample was much less than the annealed AUR-processed sheet due to the presence of harder orientations (〈111〉 and 〈110〉) along rolling and transverse directions in the annealed ACR-processed sample. Finally, the fracture behavior of deformed and post-annealed steel sheets for both strain paths was ductile and shear ductile.

Characteristic analysis of mold level fluctuation during continuous casting of Ti-bearing IF steel

Mold level fluctuation has always been one of the key factors in slab quality control. Abnormal fluctuations can easily cause slag entrainment and form surface defects of hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel sheets, thus reducing the product qualification rate. In this study, mold level fluctuation data was collected during Ti-bearing Interstitial Free (IF) steel in a stable state for a complete casting sequence in a certain factory. The mold level fluctuation is analyzed using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method, and its characteristic values are classified based on frequency. Combined with the corresponding process parameters, the causes were traced during abnormal fluctuation characteristic values. It was found that the formation of abnormal mold level fluctuation mainly comes from two aspects. On the one hand, there are random fluctuations in the low-frequency band, and on the other, there are clustered fluctuations in the relatively high-frequency band. There is always a rising trend in mold liquid levels when there are random abnormal fluctuations in the low-frequency band. There is a delay of approximately 0.1412 s in the feedback of the stopper rod to the mold level fluctuation. The major causes of the low-frequency random fluctuations include variations in the tundish weight, casting speed, and mold width, and the clogs peeling. The clogging of the side hole at the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is the primary cause of abnormal clustered fluctuations in the high-frequency band. These are certain relationships with clogging, whether it is high-frequency clustered or low-frequency random abnormal fluctuations. Without a doubt, this is a crucial link that limits the slab quality.

Strict convexity of yield surfaces of some weakly-textured materials

Let Sym0 be the space of traceless symmetric second-order tensors. We say that a polycrystalline elastic–plastic material is weakly-textured if its yield function f:Sym0→R is the sum of a texture-independent isotropic part fiso and an anisotropic part which is linear in the relevant texture coefficients. Let c>0 and S≔f−1(c)⊂Sym0 be the yield surface of the weakly-textured material in question. We present a sufficient condition (*), namely that ∇2f(S) be positive definite for each S∈S, for a smooth yield surface S to be strictly convex in Sym0. We apply this sufficient condition to weakly-textured materials with yield functions that satisfy the following conditions: (i) the yield functions f and fiso are smooth; (ii) ∇2fiso(S) is positive definite for each S in Siso≔fiso−1(c)⊂Sym0. We prove that the yield surface S⊂Sym0 of such weakly-textured material is strictly convex if the texture coefficients in f are sufficiently small. As illustration for practical applications, by appealing to condition (*) we study the strict convexity of the yield surface pertaining to a weakly-textured orthorhombic aggregate of cubic crystallites which has a quadratic yield function of the type proposed by Hill in 1948. Moreover, we show that all 35 samples of cold-rolled and annealed low-carbon steel sheets studied by Stickels and Mould have their quadratic yield functions and corresponding yield surfaces strictly convex.

Evaluation of Permanent Strength of Cold-Rolled Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet for Springs

Evaluation of Permanent Strength of Cold-Rolled Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet for Springs

An Investigation into the Friction of Cold-Rolled Low-Carbon DC06 Steel Sheets in Sheet Metal Forming Using Radial Basis Function Neural Networks

This article presents the friction test results for cold-rolled low-carbon DC06 steel sheets, which are commonly processed into finished products using sheet metal forming methods. A strip drawing test with flat dies was used in the experimental tests. The strip-drawing test is used to model the friction phenomena in the flange area of the drawpiece. The tests were carried out using a tester that enabled lubrication with a pressurised lubricant. The friction tests were carried out at different nominal pressures, oil pressures, and friction conditions (dry friction and oil lubrication). Oils destined for deep-drawing operations were used as lubricants. Neural networks with radial base functions (RBFs) were used to explore the influence of individual friction parameters on the value of the coefficient of friction (COF). Under lubrication with both oils considered, the value of the COF increased with decreasing oil pressure. This confirms the correctness of the concept of the device for reducing friction in the flange area of the drawpiece. The developed concept of pressurised lubrication is most effective at relatively small nominal pressures of 2–4 MPa. This range of nominal pressures corresponds to the actual nip pressures when forming deep-drawing steel sheets. Under conditions of dry friction, the values obtained for the COF rise above 0.3, while under lubrication conditions, even without pressure-assisted lubrication, the COF does not exceed 0.2. As the nominal pressure increases, the effectiveness of the lubrication exponentially decreases. It was found that the Sq parameter carries the most information regarding the value of the COF. The RBF neural network with nine neurons in the hidden layer (RBF-8-9-1) and containing the Sq parameter as the input was characterised by an R2 of 0.989 and an error of 0.000292 for the testing set.

Real-Time Detection of Nickel Plated Punched Steel Strip Parameters Based on Improved Circle Fitting Algorithm

Nickel-plated punched steel strip is a product obtained by punching holes on the surface of cold-rolled white sheet steel strip and then electrochemical nickel plating. It is necessary to make accurate and fast detection of punching circle parameters, since it is of crucial importance to ensuring the quality of nickel-plated punched steel strips. Accordingly, in this article, an improved circle fitting algorithm of nickel-plated punched steel strip is proposed. Firstly, the least squares fitting is performed to obtain the circle center and radius dataset by iterative algorithm with different values for the initial point positions and intervals. Then, the mean shift algorithm is used to optimize the results after iteration, and the segmented fitted circle centers are all concentrated around the true circle center to obtain the best radius and center coordinates. Finally, comparison experiments with different numbers of circular holes and verification experiments with nickel-plated punched steel strips are carried out. As the results show, the algorithm proposed in this article is more robust than the least squares algorithm in detecting multiple circles and has better real-time performance than the Hough transform. Therefore, it can meet the industrial production needs with high accuracy and real-time requirements, such as nickel-plated punched steel strips.

Effect of Proportions of Γ and Iron–Zinc Solid Solution Phases on the Corrosion Prevention Performance of Mixed Coating Layers on Heated Galvannealed Steel Sheets

Coating layers having different ratios of a Γ phase to an Fe–Zn solid solution phase were produced on galvannealed steel sheets by heat treatment. The corrosion prevention characteristics of these layers were then investigated using combined cyclic corrosion test, electrochemical measurements and analyses of corrosion products. A coating layer with a larger proportion of the Γ phase showed better corrosion prevention properties along with a smaller corrosion mass loss. The Γ phase exhibited a sacrificial corrosion protection effect with regard to both the Fe–Zn solid solution and the steel substrate while the Fe–Zn solid solution showed a sacrificial corrosion protection effect on the steel substrate. The corrosion products formed from the Γ phase comprised Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6, ZnO and various amorphous compounds, while the Fe–Zn solid solution generated Zn-containing ferrihydrite and amorphous compounds. The presence of Zn evidently stabilized the ferrihydrite and delayed the formation of crystalline iron oxyhydroxide based on comparisons with corrosion products formed on cold-rolled steel sheets. These effects improved the corrosion prevention performance of the Fe–Zn solid solution. The zinc-based corrosion products formed from the Γ phase provided even better corrosion prevention performance by delaying the formation of crystalline iron oxyhydroxide and were also themselves resistant to reduction.

Combination of high-speed softening heat treatment and aluminizing blanks for the manufacture of steam heater tubes in a single technological process

Problem. At domestic metallurgical plants, recrystallization annealing in hood furnaces is used to weaken cold-rolled sheet steel from low-gauge steels, which does not allow obtaining the required level of properties in blanks for electrically welded tubes of steam heaters. Goal. The purpose of this work is to provide 08kp steel blanks with sufficient strength while increasing technological plasticity and preventing deformation aging for defect-free production of tubes. Solving this issue is relevant and has an undeniable practical significance. Methodology. Cold-rolled 08kp sheet steel with a thickness of 0.6 mm was studied, which had a textured structure with a grain size of 70–80 μm and the following mechanical properties: ϬВ = 810 MPa, ϬТ = 640 MPa, δ = 2 %. To ensure technological plasticity, the tube blanks were subjected to high-speed (80 ºС/s) one-time and cyclic two-time recrystallization annealing by means of contact electric heating. During single heating, the temperature varied from 650 to 750 °C with a holding time of 10, 15, and 20s, and during cyclic heating it was equal to 680, 700, and 720°C with the same holding time. Cooling after one-time heating was in air, between cycles and final cooling to 400°C in air and then in water. After annealing, the steel was subjected to aging at a temperature of 400 °C with periods from 2s to 2 min. The effectiveness of the results was evaluated by the microstructure. Results. Recrystallization annealing at 700ºC with a holding time of 20s provided a complex of mechanical properties, which in terms of level practically corresponds to the values after cap annealing. Natural aging within 5 days leads to a significant drop in plasticity. Two-stage heat treatment: annealing at 680 ºС with a holding time of 10s and cooling between cycles and final in air to 400ºС, and further in water, and aging at 400ºС for 2 min. significantly improved the level of properties: Ϭв = 350 MPa, Ϭт = 250 MPa, δ = 34.5% and ensured the absence of natural aging within a month. The technology of high-speed alitization of the sheet surface, which is combined in a single cycle with weakening heat treatment, has also been developed. Originality. For the first time, high-speed cyclic annealing was used as a softening heat treatment of a cold-rolled sheet. Practical value. The obtained results satisfy thecustomer's requirements for high-quality defect-free production of steam heater tubes that work in conditions of high temperatures, aggressive environment and significant pressure. The tubes have passed 100 % industrial control for stretching, flattening and corrosion resistance.

Primary diagnosis of energy efficiency in an integrated steel plant, based on intensive energy-saving methodology. Part 2

The energy efficiency of the integrated steel plant is studied basing on the intensive energy conservation methodology. The primary diagnostics of the energy efficiency of the integrated steel plant is carried out. The boundaries of the research object are established from iron ore deposits to finished cold-rolled steel sheet. The thermophysical heat absorption of materials and intermediates within the boundaries of a closed heat engineering complex has been estimated. The energy intensity of the cold-rolled steel sheet within the same boundaries has been calculated. Efficiency of production was estimated by comparing heat consumption and energy intensity. The complete intensive energy conservation reserve in the complex has been determined. Reserve structure is studied and directions of its implementation are discussed. It is shown that the most complete implementation of the energy-saving reserve is possible only with the transition of a new generation of steel engineering and technology.

Nonlinear biaxial tensile stress path experiment without intermediate elastic unloading for validation of material model

A linear stress path (LSP) experiment was performed using uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests with a cold-rolled mild steel sheet (SPCD; nominal thickness: 0.8 mm) as the test material. In the LSP experiment, the contours of plastic work and the directions of the plastic strain rates, β, for a plastic strain range of 0.002 ≤ ε0p≤0.234 were measured. Then, the Yld2000-2d yield function was used to identify a material model that accurately reproduces the experimental data. Stepped nonlinear stress path (NLSP) experiments were also performed; the NLSPs consisted of several linear stress paths without intermediate elastic unloading. The measured work hardening behavior and β values were compared with those calculated using the yield functions identified from the LSP experiment, namely the von Mises, Hill’s quadratic, and Yld2000-2d yield functions. For the Yld200-2d yield function, both isotropic and differential hardening models were investigated. It was found that the data measured in the NLSP experiment are consistent with calculation results obtained using the Yld2000-2d yield function identified from the LSP experiment. Thus, it can be concluded that within the range of stress paths adopted in the NLSP experiment, the deformation behavior of a test sample can be accurately predicted using the material model identified from an LSP experiment.

<i>In-Situ</i> Observation of Initial Stage Cosmetic Corrosion Behavior under Wet and Dry Conditions

It is well known that the types of automotive corrosion can be divided into perforation corrosion and cosmetic corrosion. Although the mechanism of perforation corrosion has been studied extensively, the mechanism of cosmetic corrosion has not yet been clarified. The authors investigated the cosmetic corrosion behavior of cold-rolled steel sheets without galvanizing with an in-situ observation device. After coating the samples by cathodic electrodeposition (ED), the sample surface was scribed with a cutter. Corrosion resistance was evaluated under cyclic corrosion test. It was found that the progress of under-film corrosion consisted of 3 steps. The 1st step occurs in the initial stage of the dry process in the 1st cycle. In this step, red rust gradually changed to black rust. The 2nd step occurs in the latter stage of the dry process, and under-film corrosion progressed from the scribed part. The 3rd step occurs in the wet process, and in this step, the tip of the under-film corrosion displayed swelling behavior. In the 2nd cycle, the 2nd step and 3rd step of the 1st cycle were repeated. Under-film corrosion progressed at almost the same rate as in the 1st cycle.

Experimental and numerical investigation of differential hardening of cold rolled steel sheet under non-proportional loading using biaxial tensile test

Strain path change is common phenomenon during industrial sheet metal forming processes. These strain paths can be proportional and non-proportional in nature. To enable strain path change in a single experiment is key challenge faced by many researchers. To predict deformation behavior accurately during such strain paths, it is required to represent initial yielding, the evolution of subsequent yield surface and hardening behavior precisely. This work deals with the mechanical characterization of Interstitial Free High Strength Steel (IFHS) during multi-axial proportional and non-proportional loading for the determination of yield surface evolution and strain hardening behavior. A set of tensile tests at various orientations with respect to the rolling direction and in-plane biaxial tests using cruciform specimens for various linear and bi-linear stress ratios were performed on as-received materials. It was found that at the onset of stress path change, the stress strain curve shows a change in the hardening rate for rolling and transverse directions of the biaxial specimen due to the change in active slip systems. To predict this behaviour various yield criterion like von Mises, Hill's 48 and Yld2000-2d were used. The experimental results show that the mechanical behavior of the subjected specimen deviates from isotropic behavior predicted by the von Mises and anisotropic behavior predicted by the Hill's 48 yield criterion. The initial yield loci measured by biaxial testing machine is in good agreement with what is predicted by Yld2000-2d yield criterion. However, it was observed that such phenomenological models were unable to capture the observed deformation behaviour. It is also shown that classical Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM) can capture change in strain hardening rate during non-proportional deformation for few cases reasonably well while in few cases it could not predict.

Study on Electrogalvanizing Technology and Chromium-Free Passivation Treatment of 08Al Plate

An environment-friendly electrogalvanizing technology of 08Al cold rolled steel sheet (CRS) was developed. 08Al CRS sheet was placed as cathode in the electroplating solution containing zinc salt 1-10g/L, organic acid 3-24g/L, complexing agent 0.2-0.8g/L, and Hot-dip galvanized alloyed sheet (GA) as anode. The relationship between the current density and the plating mass per unit area was studied by applying 0.15-2A direct current at room temperature, current density 0.19-2.6A/dm2, and plating time 35min. The relationship between plating mass per unit area and anode thinning per unit area was linear regression by introducing current density as intermediate quantity. The effect of electric power range on the coating mass per unit area was studied under the condition of different concentration of main salt. The chromium-free passivation treatment was also carried out on the surface of electrogalvanizing layer. 08Al electrogalvanized sheet and GA sheet were placed in chromium-free passivation solution containing molybdate 1-10g/L, hydrogen peroxide 1-5g/L, fluorine ion complexing agent 1-10g/L, potassium hydroxide 1-2g/L. The temperature and reaction time of chromium-free passivation solution and the corrosion resistance of chemical conversion film were studied, and the experimental conditions of chromium-free passivation were optimized. The adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating were tested by scratching test and neutral salt spray test (NSS). The results show that after scratching test, the adhesion of the electrogalvanizing layer on 08Al surface reaches grade 0, and the adhesion of the electrogalvanizing and chemical conversion film composite coating on 08Al surface reaches grade 0. The NSS test showed that the corrosion resistance increased with the increase of the thickness of the galvanizing layer. The corrosion resistance time of the galvanizing layer with the thickness of 15um exceeded 216h. Salt spray resistance time of electric galvanizing layer about 10um is 72-96 h; The salt spray resistance time of electrogalvanizing layer less than 5um is less than 48 h. The salt spray corrosion time of GA plate (galvanized layer thickness is 10-11um) is less than 96 h. After chromium-free passivation treatment, the corrosion resistance of GA plate is more than doubled to 192h. The salt spray corrosion resistance of the composite coating (10-11um thickness) on 08Al with electrogalvanizing and chemical conversion film can reach more than 216h.

Primary diagnosis of energy efficiency in an integrated steel plant, based on intensive energy-saving methodology. Part 1

The energy efficiency of the integrated steel plant is studied basing on the Intensive Energy Conservation Methodology. The primary diagnostics of the energy efficiency of the integrated steel plant is carried out. The boundaries of the object of study are established from iron ore deposits to the finished steel cold-rolled sheet. The research object is presented in the form of a directed graph, and the flows of materials in this network are calculated. The thermophysical heat absorption of materials and intermediates within the boundaries of a closed heat engineering complex has been estimated. The energy intensity of the cold-rolled steel sheet within the same boundaries has been calculated. Efficiency of production was estimated by comparing heat consumption and energy intensity. The complete intensive energy conservation reserve in the complex has been determined. Reserve structure is studied and directions of its implementation are discussed. It is shown that the most complete implementation of the energy-saving reserve is possible only with the transition of a new generation of steel engineering and technology.

The Influence of Price, Service Quality, and Word Of Mouth on the Purchase Decision of PT Daniel Samudra Abadi's Loading and Unloading Services

PT Daniel Samudra Abadi is a company engaged in stevedoring services. The services provided are specialized in products, such as steel (cold rolled steel sheet, steel sheet in coil, steel plate, prime concast steel slab, etc.), pulp, and general cargo. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of price, service quality and word of mouth on the purchase decision of stevedoring service. The population in this research are consumers of PT Daniel Samudra Abadi who have used service from 2018-2020 period with 31 companies as a sample. Determination of the sample in this research using saturated samples. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that all independent variables, namely price, service quality and word of mouth have a positive and significant effect on the purchase decision of PT Daniel Samudra Abadi stevedoring service.

Reducing the flaws of 08Yu steel sheet blanks, designed for cold stamping products

The aim of the work is to develop a method of increasing the technological plasticity while maintaining the strength and preventing aging of blanks of cold-rolled sheet steel 08Yu. The task of this work is research and determination of optimal temperature-time parameters of high-speed contact recrystallization annealing and subsequent aging of 08Yu steel sheet blanks to obtain the required level of mechanical properties that would improve their deformability and ability of very deep drawing during cold stamping of products. The optimal parameters of the speed mode are set recrystallization annealing of cold-rolled 08Yu sheet steel, which provides the best structure and properties for further cold pressure treatment. The temperature-time modes of further aging and possibilities to prevent the processes of its natural aging during prolonged operation or transportation have been studied. The method and modes of heat treatment of blanks from finished 08Yu sheet steel to facilitate their deformability and improve stamping in order to reduce waste in the manufacture of products by cold deformatiion with deep and complex drawing were suggested.